The word "temptation," an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate Translation: "Do not let anything tempt us" or "Do not let anything cause us to desire to sin"
Mat 6:14
their trespasses ... your trespasses
The abstract noun "trespasses" can be translated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "when they trespass against you ... when you trespass against God" or "when they do things that harm you ... when you do things that make your Father angry"
Mat 6:15
their trespasses ... your trespasses
The abstract noun "trespasses" can be translated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "when they trespass against you ... when you trespass against God" or "when they do things that harm you ... when you do things that make your Father angry"
Mat 7:13
to destruction ... to life
These abstract nouns can be translated with verbs. Alternate Translation: "to the place where people die ... to the place where people live"
Mat 7:14
to destruction ... to life
These abstract nouns can be translated with verbs. Alternate Translation: "to the place where people die ... to the place where people live"
Mat 10:21
deliver up brother to death
The abstract noun "death" can be translated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "hand brother over to authorties who will execute him"
Mat 12:20
he leads justice to victory
Leading someone to victory represents causing him to be victorious. Causing justice to be victorious represents making things right that had been wrong. Alternate Translation: "he makes everything right"
Mat 24:12
lawlessness will increase
The abstract noun "lawlessness" can be translated with the phrase "disobeying the law." Alternate Translation: "disobeying the law will increase" or "people will disobey God's law more and more"
Mat 26:41
you do not enter into temptation
Here the abstract noun "temptation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "no one tempts you to sin"
Mat 27:45
darkness came over the whole land
The word "darkness" is an abstract noun. Alternate Translation: "it became dark over the whole land"
Mrk 10:30
with persecutions, and in the world to come, eternal life
This can be reworded so that the ideas in the abstract noun "persecution" are expressed with the verb "persecute." Because the sentence is so long and complicated, "will receive" can be repeated. Alternate Translation: "and even though people persecute them, in the world to come, they will receive eternal life"
Mrk 12:38
the greetings they receive in the marketplaces
The noun "greetings" can be expressed with the verb "greet." These greetings showed that the people respected the scribes. Alternate Translation: "to be greeted respectfully in the marketplaces" or "people to greet them respectfully in the marketplaces"
Luk 1:70
from long ago), salvation from our enemies
The abstract noun "salvation" can be expressed with the verbs "save" or "rescue." Alternate Translation: "from long ago). He will save us from our enemies"
Luk 1:71
from long ago), salvation from our enemies
The abstract noun "salvation" can be expressed with the verbs "save" or "rescue." Alternate Translation: "from long ago). He will save us from our enemies"
Luk 1:75
in holiness and righteousness
This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "holiness" and "righteousness." Possible meanings are 1) we would serve God in holy and righteous ways. Alternate Translation: "doing what is holy and righteous" or 2) we would be holy and righteous. Alternate Translation: "being holy and righteous"
Luk 3:3
preaching a baptism of repentance
The terms "baptism" and "repentance" could be stated as actions. Alternate Translation: "and he preached that people should be baptized to show that they were repenting"
Luk 3:3
for the forgiveness of sins
They would repent so that God would forgive their sins. The term "forgiveness" can be stated as an action. Alternate Translation: "so that their sins would be forgiven" or "so that God would forgive their sins"
Luk 3:6
see the salvation of God
This can be stated as an action. Alternate Translation: "learn how God saves people from sin"
Luk 7:50
Your faith has saved you
Because of your faith, you are saved. The abstract noun "faith" could be stated as an action. Alternate Translation: "Because you believe, you are saved"
Luk 8:48
your faith has made you well
because of your faith, you have become well. The abstract noun "faith" could be stated as an action. Alternate Translation: "because you believe, you are healed"
Luk 10:9
The kingdom of God has come close to you
The abstract noun "kingdom" can be expressed with the verbs "reign" or "rule." Possible meanings are 1) the kingdom of God will begin soon. Alternate Translation: "God will soon rule everywhere as king" or 2) the activities of kingdom of God are happening all around you. Alternate Translation: "The proof that God is reigning is all around you"
Luk 10:11
The kingdom of God has come near
The abstract noun "kingdom" can be expressed with the verbs "reign" or "rule." See how you translated a similar sentence in [Luke 10:8](./08.md). Alternate Translation: "God will soon rule everywhere as king" or "The proof that God is reigning is all around you"
Luk 11:8
because of your shameless persistence
The phrase can be reworded to eliminate the abstract noun "persistence." Alternate Translation: "because you persist shamelessly" or "because you boldly continue to ask him"
Luk 17:19
Your faith has made you well
Because of your faith you have become well. The idea of "faith" can be expressed with the verb "believe." Alternate Translation: "Because you believe, you are well again"
Luk 17:21
the kingdom of God is within you
The idea of the noun "kingdom" can be expressed with the verb "rules." Alternate Translation: "God rules within you"
Luk 19:9
salvation has come to this house
It was understood that salvation comes from God. Alternate Translation: "God has saved this household"
Jhn 8:7
The one among you who has no sin
The abstract noun "sin" can be expressed with the verb sin. Alternate Translation: "The one among you is has never sinned" or "If any one of you has never sinned"
Act 1:22
beginning from the baptism of John
The noun "baptism" can be translated as a verb. Possible meanings: 1) "beginning from when John baptized Jesus" or 2) "beginning from when John baptized people"
Act 2:23
by God's predetermined plan and foreknowledge
The nouns "plan" and "foreknowledge" can be translated as verbs. This means that God planned out and knew beforehand what would happen to Jesus. Alternate Translation: "because God planned out and knew beforehand everything that would happen"
Act 4:12
There is no salvation in any other person
The noun "salvation" can be translated as a verb. This can be stated positively. Alternate Translation: "He is the only person who is able to save"
Act 5:31
give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins
The words "repentance" and "forgiveness" can be translated as verbs. Alternate Translation: "give the people of Israel an opportunity to repent and have God forgive their sins"
Act 9:1
still speaking threats even of murder against the disciples
The noun "murder" can be translated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "still speaking threats, even to murder the disciples"
Act 11:18
God has given repentance for life to the Gentiles also
God has given repentance that leads to life to the Gentiles also. Here "life" refers to eternal life. The abstract nouns "repentance" and "life" can be translated as the verbs "repent" and "live." Alternate Translation: "God has allowed the Gentiles also to repent and live eternally"
Act 12:18
there was no small disturbance among the soldiers over what had happened to Peter
The abstract noun "disturbance" can be expressed with the words "disturbed" or "upset." Alternate Translation: "the soldiers were very disturbed about what had happened to Peter"
Act 13:24
the baptism of repentance
You can translate the word "repentance" as the verb "repent." Alternate Translation: "the baptism to repent" or "the baptism that people requested when they wanted to repent for their sin"
Act 13:26
about this salvation
The word "salvation" can be translated with the verb "save." Alternate Translation: "that God will save people"
Act 13:38
forgiveness of sins
The abstract noun "forgiveness" can be translated with the verb "to forgive." Alternate Translation: "that God can forgive your sins"
Act 13:47
bring salvation to the uttermost parts of the earth
The abstract word "salvation" can be translated with the verb "to save." The phrase "uttermost parts" refers to everywhere. Alternate Translation: "tell people everywhere in the world that I want to save them"
Act 14:9
had faith to be made well
The abstract noun "faith" can be translated with the verb "believe." Alternate Translation: "believed that Jesus could heal him" or "believed that Jesus could make him well"
Act 15:2
a sharp dispute and debate with them
The abstract nouns "sharp dispute" and "debate" can be stated as verbs and where the men came from can be made explicit. Alternate Translation: "had confronted and debated with the men from Judea"
Act 15:3
announced the conversion of the Gentiles
The abstract noun "conversion" means the Gentiles were rejecting their false gods and believing in God. Alternate Translation: "announced to the community of believers in those places that Gentiles were believing in God"
Act 15:31
because of the encouragement
The abstract noun "encouragement" can be expressed with the verb "encourage." Alternate Translation: "because what the apostles and elders wrote encouraged them"
Act 15:39
Then there arose a sharp disagreement
The abstract noun "disagreement" can be stated as the verb "disagree." Alternate Translation: "They strongly disagreed with each other"
Act 19:4
the baptism of repentance
You can translate the abstract noun "repentance" as the verb "repent." Alternate Translation: "the baptism that people requested when they wanted to repent"
Act 19:38
have an accusation against anyone
The word "accusation" can be stated as the verb "accuse." Alternate Translation: "want to accuse someone"
Act 20:21
about repentance toward God and of faith in our Lord Jesus
The abstract nouns "repentance" and "faith" can be stated as verbs. Alternate Translation: "that they need to repent before God and believe in our Lord Jesus Christ"
Act 21:38
led a rebellion
This word "rebellion" can be stated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "caused people to rebel against the Roman government"
Act 21:40
the captain had given him permission
The word "permission" can be stated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "the captain permitted Paul to speak" or "the captain allowed Paul to speak"
Act 22:4
to the death
The word "death" can be translated with the verb "kill" or "die." Alternate Translation: "and I looked for ways to kill them" or "and I even caused them to die"
Act 22:13
receive your sight
The word"sight" can be translated with the verb "see." Alternate Translation: "see again"
Act 22:28
I acquired citizenship
I got citizenship. The word "citizenship" is an abstract noun. Alternate Translation: "I became a citizen"
Act 23:6
the resurrection of the dead that I
The word "resurrection" can be stated as "come back to life." The word "dead" can be stated as "those who have died." Alternate Translation: "those who have died will come back to life, I"
Act 23:10
When there arose a great argument
The words "a great argument" can be re-stated as "argue violently." Alternate Translation: "When they began to argue violently"
Act 23:12
called a curse down upon themselves with an oath
The noun "curse" can be translated as a verb. It can also be made explicit what would cause them to be cursed. Alternate Translation: "asked God to curse them if they did not do what they promised"
Act 23:29
but that there was no accusation against him that deserved death or imprisonment
The abstract nouns "accusation," "death," and "imprisonment" can be stated as verbs. Alternate Translation: "but nobody accused him of anything that should cause Roman authorities to kill him or to send him to prison"
Act 24:15
that there will be a resurrection of both the righteous and the wicked
The abstract noun "resurrection" can be stated with the verb "resurrect." Alternate Translation: "that God will resurrect all who have died, both the righteous and the unrighteous"
Act 24:21
It is concerning the resurrection of those who have died
The abstract noun "resurrection" can be stated as "God brings back to life." Alternate Translation: "It is because I believe that God will bring back to life those who have died"
Act 25:15
they asked for a sentence of condemnation against him
The abstract nouns "sentence" and "condemnation" can be expressed as verbs. The phrase "a sentence of condemnation" implies that they were requesting that Paul be executed. Alternate Translation: "they asked me to sentence him to death" or "they asked me to condemn him to death"
Act 26:1
made his defense
The abstract noun "defense" can be stated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "began to defend himself against those who were accusing him"
Act 26:2
against all the accusations of the Jews
The abstract noun "accusations" can be stated as the verb "accuse." Alternate Translation: "against all the Jews who are accusing me"
Act 26:18
they may receive from God the forgiveness of sins
The abstract noun "forgiveness" can be stated as the verb "forgive." Alternate Translation: "God may forgive their sins"
Act 26:18
the inheritance that I give
The abstract noun "inheritance" may be stated as the verb "inherit." Alternate Translation: "they may inherit that which I give"
Act 26:20
doing deeds worthy of repentance
The abstract noun "repentance" can be stated as the verb "repented." Alternate Translation: "and start doing good deeds to show they truly have repented"
Act 26:31
This man does nothing worthy of death or of bonds
The abstract noun "death" can be stated as the verb "die." Here "bonds" stands for being in prison. Alternate Translation: "This man does not deserve to die or to be in prison"
Act 27:3
go to his friends to receive their care
The abstract noun "care" can be stated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "go to his friends so they could care for him" or "go to his friends so they could help him with whatever he needed"
Rom 1:18
the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of people
The words "ungodliness" and "unrighteousness" are abstract nouns that can be expressed using the adjectives "ungodly," which describes the people, and "unrighteous," which describes their deeds. These nouns are metonyms for the people with whom God is angry. You can translate this in active form. Alternate Translation: "God reveals from heaven how angry he is with people because they are ungodly and do unrighteous deeds"
Rom 3:28
a person is justified by faith
Here "faith" is an abstract noun that refers to the person believing in God. The "person" here is any person. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "God justifies any person who believes in God" or "when God justifies a person, he does so because the person believes in God"
Rom 4:15
there is no trespass
This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "trespass." Alternate Translation: "no one can break the law" or "it is impossible to disobey the law"
Rom 8:35
Tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or hunger, or nakedness, or danger, or sword?
The abstract nouns can be expressed with verb phrases. Here "sword" is a metonym that represents being killed violently. Alternate Translation: "Even if people cause us trouble, hurt us, take away our clothes and food, or kill us, they cannot separate us from the love of Christ."
Rom 11:22
severity came on the Jews who fell ... God's kindness comes on you
This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "severity" and "kindness." Alternate Translation: "God dealt harshly with the Jews who fell ... but God acts kindly toward you"
Rom 11:22
if you continue in his kindness
This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "kindness." Alternate Translation: "if you continue doing what is right so that he continues being kind to you"
Rom 16:26
to bring about the obedience of faith
Here "obedience" and "faith" are abstract nouns. You can use the verbs "obey" and "trust" in your translation. You may need to make explicit who will obey and trust. Alternate Translation: "so that all nations will obey God because they trust in him"
1Co 2:6
speak wisdom
The abstract noun "wisdom" can be stated as the adjective, "wise." Alternate Translation: "speak wise words" or "speak a wise message"
1Co 3:7
it is God who gives the growth
Here to give growth means to cause growth. The abstract noun "growth" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "it is God who causes you to grow"
1Co 3:15
he will suffer loss
The abstract noun "loss" can be expressed with the verb "lose." Alternate Translation: "he will lose his reward"
1Co 8:1
but love builds up
The abstract noun "love" can be expressed as a verb. Alternate Translation: "but when we love people, we build them up"
1Co 13:13
faith, future confidence, and love
These abstract nouns can be expressed in phrases with verbs. Alternate Translation: "we must trust the Lord, be confident that he will do what he has promised, and love him and others"
2Co 5:18
the ministry of reconciliation
This can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "the ministry of reconciling people to him"
2Co 7:15
the obedience of all of you
This noun "obedience" can be stated with a verb, "obey." Alternate Translation: "how all of you obeyed"
2Co 8:11
there was an eagerness and desire to do it
This can be stated with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "you were eager and desired to do it"
2Co 8:20
concerning this generosity that we are carrying out
This refers to taking the offering to Jerusalem. The abstract noun "generosity" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate Translation: "concerning the way we are handling this generous gift"
2Co 8:23
They are an honor to Christ
This can be stated with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "They will cause people to honor Christ"
2Co 9:7
not reluctantly or under compulsion
This can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate Translation: "not because he feels guilty or because someone is compelling him"
2Co 10:1
by the humility and gentleness of Christ
The word "humility" and "gentleness" are abstract nouns, and can be expressed in another way. Alternate Translation: "I am humble and gentle as I do so, because Christ has made me that way"
2Co 12:20
there may be quarreling, jealousy, outbursts of anger, rivalries, slander, gossip, arrogance, and disorder
The abstract nouns "quarreling, jealousy, outbursts of anger, rivalries, slander, gossip, arrogance, and disorder" can be translated using verbs. Possible meanings are 1) "some of you will be arguing with us, jealous of us, suddenly becoming very angry with us, trying to take our places as leaders, speaking falsely about us, telling about our private lives, being proud, and opposing us as we try to lead you" or 2) "some of you will be arguing with each other, jealous of each other, suddenly becoming very angry with each other, quarreling with each other over who will be the leader, speaking falsely about each other, telling about each other's private lives, being proud, and opposing those whom God has chosen to lead you"
2Co 12:20
of the ... sexual immorality
The abstract noun "immorality" can be translated as "immoral deeds." Alternate Translation: "of doing sexually immoral deeds"
2Co 12:20
of the ... lustful indulgence
The abstract noun "indulgence" can be translated using a verb phrase. Alternate Translation: "of ... doing things that satisfy immoral sexual desire"
2Co 12:21
of the impurity
The abstract noun impurity can be translated as "things that do not please God." Alternate Translation: "of secretly thinking about and desiring things that do not please God"
2Co 12:21
of the ... sexual immorality
The abstract noun "immorality" can be translated as "immoral deeds." Alternate Translation: "of doing sexually immoral deeds"
2Co 12:21
of the ... lustful indulgence
The abstract noun "indulgence" can be translated using a verb phrase. Alternate Translation: "of ... doing things that satisfy immoral sexual desire"
Gal 2:9
understood the grace that had been given to me
The abstract noun "grace" can be translated as the verb "be kind." Alternate Translation: "understood that God had been kind to me"
Gal 3:7
those of faith
those who have faith. The meaning of the noun "faith" can be expressed with the verb "believe." Alternate Translation: "those who believe"
Eph 6:4
raise them in the discipline and instruction of the Lord
The abstract nouns "discipline" and "instruction" can be expressed as verbs. Alternate Translation: "teach them to become adults by making sure that they know and do what the Lord wants them to do"
Php 1:8
with the compassion of Christ Jesus
The abstract noun "compassion" can be translated with the verb "love." Alternate Translation: "and I love you as Christ Jesus dearly loves us all"
Php 1:19
in my deliverance
Deliverance here is an abstract noun that refers to one person bringing another person to a safe place. You may have to specify that it is God whom Paul expects to deliver him. Alternate Translation: "in my being brought to a safe place" or "in God bringing me to a safe place"
Php 2:12
work out your own salvation with fear and trembling
The abstract noun "salvation" can be expressed with a phrase about God saving people. Alternate Translation: "with fear and trembling, continue to work hard to do what is proper for those whom God saves" or "with awe and reverence for God, work hard to do the good things that show that he has saved you"
Col 3:13
has a complaint against
The abstract noun "complaint" can be stated as "complain." Alternate Translation: "has a reason to complain against"
Col 3:25
there is no favoritism
The abstract noun "favoritism" can be expressed with the verb "favor." To favor some people is to judge them by different standards so the result is better for them than for others who do the same actions. Alternate Translation: "God does not favor anyone" or "God judges everyone by the same standard"
1Th 1:5
in much assurance
The abstract noun "assurance" can be translated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "God made you sure that it was true"
1Ti 1:17
Now to the king of the ages, the immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever
The abstract nouns "honor" and "glory" can be stated as verbs. Alternate Translation: "Now may people forever honor and glorify the king of the ages, who is immortal, invisible, and the only God"
1Ti 2:15
in faith and love and sanctification
The abstract nouns here can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate Translation: "in trusting Jesus and loving others and living a holy life"
1Ti 2:15
soundness of mind
If the idiom is retained in translation, the abstract noun "soundness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate Translation: "a sound mind"
1Ti 4:13
attend to the reading, to the exhortation, and to the teaching
The words "reading," "exhortation," and "teaching" can be translated with verbal phrases. The implied information can also be supplied in translation Alternate Translation: "continue reading the scripture to the people, exhorting the people, and teaching the people"
1Ti 6:6
godliness with contentment is great gain
The words "godliness" and "contentment" are abstract nouns. Alternate Translation: "it is great gain for a person to do what is godly and to be content with what they have"
Tit 2:2
sound in faith, in love, and in perseverance
Here the word "sound" means to be firm and unwavering. The abstract nouns "faith," "love," and "perseverance" can be stated as verbs. Alternate Translation: "and they must firmly believe the true teachings about God, truly love others, and continually serve God even when things are difficult"
Heb 1:3
After he had made cleansing for sins
The abstract noun "cleansing" can be expressed as a verb: "making clean." Alternate Translation: "After he had finished making us clean from sins" or "After he had finished purifying us from our sins"
Heb 2:14
through death
Here "death" can be stated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "by dying"
Heb 2:14
had the power of death
Here "death" can be stated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "had the power to cause people to die"
Heb 3:1
of our confession
This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "confession" is expressed as the verb "confess." Alternate Translation: "whom we confess" or "in whom we believe"
Heb 3:6
if we hold fast to our courage and the hope of which we boast
Here "courage" and "hope" are abstract and can be stated as verbs. Alternate Translation: "if we continue to be courageous and joyfully expect God to do what he has promised"
Heb 3:8
as in the rebellion, in the time of testing in the wilderness
Here "rebellion" and "testing" can be stated as verbs. Alternate Translation: "as when your ancestors rebelled against God and tested him in the wilderness"
Heb 3:13
no one among you will be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin
Being stubborn is spoken of as being hard or having a hard heart. The hardness is a result of being deceived by sin. This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "deceitfulness" is expressed as the verb "deceive." Alternate Translation: "no one among you will be deceived by sin and become stubborn" or "you do not sin, deceiving yourselves so that you become stubborn"
Heb 3:15
as in the rebellion
Here "rebellion" can be stated as a verb. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:8](./08.md). Alternate Translation: "as when your ancestors rebelled against God"
Heb 3:19
because of unbelief
The abstract noun "unbelief" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "because they did not believe him"
Heb 5:9
became, for everyone who obeys him, the cause of eternal salvation
The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "now he saves all who obey him and causes them to live forever"
Heb 6:9
things that concern salvation
The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "things that concern God saving you"
Heb 7:24
he has a permanent priesthood
A priest's work is spoken of as if it were an object that Jesus possesses. This can be worded to avoid the abstract noun. Alternate Translation: "he is a priest permanently"
Heb 9:2
bread of the presence
This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "presence" is expressed as the verb "display" or "present." Alternate Translation: "bread on display before God" or "bread the priests presented to God"
Heb 10:9
He takes away the first practice in order to establish the second practice
The abstract noun "practice" here refers to a way of atoning for sins. Stopping doing it is spoken of as if it were an object that could be taken away. Starting the second way of atoning for sins is spoken of as establishing that practice. Alternate Translation: "He stops people atoning for sins the first way in order to atone for sins the second way"
Heb 10:10
through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ
The abstract noun "offering" can be expressed with the verb "offer" or "sacrifice." Alternate Translation: "because Jesus Christ offered his body as a sacrifice" or "because Jesus Christ sacrificed his body"
Heb 10:18
where there is forgiveness for these
This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "forgiveness" is expressed as the verb "forgive." Alternate Translation: "when God has forgiven these things"
Heb 10:18
there is no longer any sacrifice for sin
This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "sacrifice" is expressed as the verb "make offerings." Alternate Translation: "people no longer need to make offerings for sin"
Heb 11:9
he lived in the land of promise as a foreigner
This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "promise" is expressed as the verb "promised." Alternate Translation: "he lived as a foreigner in the land God had promised to him"
Heb 11:11
It was by faith
The abstract noun "faith" can be expressed with the verb "believe." Possible meanings are 1) it was by Abraham's faith. Alternate Translation: "It was because Abraham believed God" or 2) it was by Sarah's faith. Alternate Translation: "It was because Sarah believed God"
Heb 11:26
the disgrace of following Christ
This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "disgrace" is express as the verb "disrespect." Alternate Translation: "the experience of people disrespecting him because he did what Christ would want"
Heb 11:35
Women received back their dead by resurrection
This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "resurrection." The word "dead" is a nominal adjective. It can be stated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "Women received back alive those who had died"
Heb 11:36
Others had testing in mocking and whippings, and even chains and imprisonment
This can be reworded so that the abstract nouns are expressed as verbs. Alternate Translation: "God tested others by allowing their enemies to mock and whip them and even put them in chains and imprison them"
Heb 12:8
But if you are without discipline, which all people share in
You can restate the abstract noun "discipline" as the verb "disciplining." Alternate Translation: "So if you have not experienced God disciplining you like he disciplines all his children"
Heb 12:17
because he found no opportunity for repentance
The abstract noun "repentance" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "because it was not possible for him to repent" or "because it was not possible for him to change his decision"
Heb 12:27
mean the removal of those things that can be shaken, that is, of the things
The abstract noun "removal" can be translated with the verb "remove." This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "mean that God will remove the things that he can shake, that is, the things"
Jas 1:1
in the dispersion
The term "dispersion" normally referred to the Jews who were scattered in other countries, away from their homeland Israel. This abstract noun can be expressed with a phrase with the verb "scattered." Alternate Translation: "who are scattered around the world" or "who live in other countries"
Jas 1:3
the testing of your faith produces endurance
The expressions "the testing," "your faith," and "endurance" are nouns that stand for actions. God does the testing, that is, he finds out how much the believers trust and obey him. Believers ("you") believe in him and endure suffering. Alternate Translation: "when you suffer hardships, God is finding out how much you trust him. As a result, you will become able to endure even more hardships"
Jas 2:14
if someone says he has faith, but he has no works
The can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "faith" and "works." Alternate Translation: "if someone says he believes in God but he does not do what God commands"
Jas 2:18
You have faith, and I have works. Show me your faith without works, and I will show you my faith by my works
James is describing how someone may argue against his teaching and how he would respond. This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "faith" and "works." Alternate Translation: "'It is acceptable that you believe God and that I do what God commands.' Prove to me that you can believe God and not do what he commands, and I will prove to you that I believe God by doing what he commands"
Jas 2:20
that faith without works is useless
This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "faith" and "works." Alternate Translation: "that if you do not do what God commands, then it is useless for you to say that you believe in God"
Jas 3:10
Out of the same mouth come blessing and cursing
The nouns "blessing" and "cursing" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "With the same mouth, a person blesses people and curses people"
Jas 3:13
Let that person show a good life by his works in the humility of wisdom
This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "humility" and "wisdom." Alternate Translation: "That person should live a good life by doing the kind of deeds that come from being humble and wise"
Jas 3:14
do not boast and lie against the truth
The abstract noun "truth" can be stated as "true." Alternate Translation: "do not boast that you are wise, because that is not true"
Jas 3:15
This is not the wisdom that comes down from above. Instead, it is earthly, unspiritual, demonic
The abstract noun "wisdom" can be stated as "wise." - Alternate Translation: "Whoever acts like this is not wise according to what God in heaven teaches us. Instead this person is earthly, unspiritual, and demonic"
Jas 3:16
For where there are jealousy and ambition, there is confusion and every evil practice
This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "jealousy," "ambition," and "confusion." Alternate Translation: "For when people are jealous and selfish, this causes them to act in disorderly and evil ways"
Jas 3:17
But the wisdom from above is first pure
Here "from above" is metonym that represents "heaven" which represents God himself. The abstract noun "wisdom" can be stated as "wise." Alternate Translation: "But when a person is wise according to what God in heaven teaches, he acts in ways that are first pure"
Jas 3:18
make peace
The abstract noun "peace" can be stated as "peacefully." Alternate Translation: "cause people to live peacefully" or "help people not to be angry with each other"
Jas 5:1
because of the miseries coming on you
James states that these people will suffer terribly in the future and writes as if their sufferings were objects that were coming toward them. The abstract noun "miseries" can be translated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "because you will suffer terribly in the future"
1Pe 1:2
the foreknowledge of God the Father
The abstract noun "foreknowledge" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Possible meanings are 1) God had determined what would happen ahead of time. Alternate Translation: "what God the Father decided previously" or 2) God knew what would happen ahead of time. Alternate Translation: "what God the Father knew beforehand"
1Pe 1:2
May grace be to you, and may your peace increase
This passage speaks of grace as if it were an object that believers could possess, and of peace as if it were something that could increase in amount. Of course, grace is in reality the kind way God acts toward believers, and peace is how believers live in safety and joy with God.
1Pe 1:4
This is for an inheritance
You can translate this using a verb. Alternate Translation: "We confidently expect to receive an inheritance"
1Pe 1:5
by God's power
Here "power" is a way of saying that God is strong and able to protect believers.
1Pe 1:5
through faith
Here "faith" refers to the fact that the believers trust in Christ. Alternate Translation: "because of your faith"
1Pe 1:20
before the foundation of the world
You can translate this with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "before God created the world"
1Pe 1:21
and gave him glory
and glorified him or "and showed that he is glorious"
1Pe 1:22
by obedience to the truth
You can translate this using a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "by obeying the truth"
1Pe 2:2
you may grow in salvation
Here the word "salvation" refers to when God brings the salvation of his people to completion when Jesus returns (see [1 Peter 1:5](../01/03.md)). They were to increasingly act in ways that were consistent with this salvation. You can translate this with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "you may grow up spiritually until God saves you completely"
1Pe 2:12
You should have good behavior
The abstract noun "behavior" can be translated with a verb. Alternate Translation: "You should behave well" or "You should behave in a good way"
1Pe 2:12
they may observe your good works
The abstract noun "works" can be translated with a verb. Alternate Translation: "they may observe the good things that you do"
1Pe 3:2
they will have seen your sincere behavior with respect
The abstract noun "behavior" can be translated with a verb. Alternate Translation: "they will have seen that you behave sincerely and respectfully"
1Pe 3:7
give them honor as fellow heirs of the grace of life
You can translate this using verbal phrases. Alternate Translation: "honor them because they will also receive by grace the eternal life that God gives"
1Pe 3:14
suffer because of righteousness
You can translate this with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "suffer because you do what is right"
1Pe 4:19
in well-doing
The abstract noun "well-doing" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "while they do good" or "while they live rightly"
1Pe 5:3
who are in your care
You can translate this using a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "whom God has placed in your care"
2Pe 1:2
in the knowledge of God and of Jesus our Lord
You can translate "knowledge" using a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "through your knowing God and Jesus our Lord"
2Pe 1:8
in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ
You can translate "knowledge" using a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "through your knowing God and Jesus our Lord"
2Pe 1:9
he has been cleansed from his past sins
You can use a verb to translate this. Alternate Translation: "that God has cleansed him from his old sins"
2Pe 2:16
he obtained a rebuke
You can specify it was God who rebuked Balaam. Alternate Translation: "God rebuked him"
2Pe 2:20
through the knowledge of the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ
You can translate "knowledge" using a verbal phrase. See how you translated similar phrases in [2 Peter 1:2](../01/01.md). Alternate Translation: "by knowing the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ"
2Pe 3:4
since the beginning of creation
This can be translated as a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "since God created the world"
2Pe 3:7
for the day of judgment and the destruction of the ungodly people
This can be stated with verbal phrases. Alternate Translation: "for the day when he judges and destroys ungodly people"
1Jn 2:20
the truth ... no lie is from the truth
The abstract noun "truth" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate Translation: "what is true ... no lie comes from what is true"
1Jn 2:21
the truth ... no lie is from the truth
The abstract noun "truth" can be translated as an adjective. Alternate Translation: "what is true ... no lie comes from what is true"
1Jn 3:23
This is his commandment: that we should believe ... just as he gave us this commandment
The abstract noun "commandment" can be stated as "command." Alternate Translation: "This is what God commands us to do: Believe ... just as he commanded us to do"
1Jn 4:9
the love of God was revealed among us
The noun "love" can be translated as a verb. This phrase can be made active. Alternate Translation: "God showed that he loves us"
1Jn 4:10
he sent his Son to be the propitiation for our sins
Here "propitiation" refers to Jesus' death on the cross appeasing God's wrath against sin. The word can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "he sent his Son to be the sacrifice that appeased his wrath against our sins"
1Jn 5:11
life
Here "life" stands for the right to live forever by God's grace and love. See how you translated this in [1 John 1:1-2](../01/01.md).
1Jn 5:14
this is the confidence we have before him, that
The abstract noun "confidence" can be stated as "confident." Alternate Translation: "we are confident in God's presence because we know that"
1Jn 5:16
life
Here "life" stands for the right to live forever by God's grace and love. See how you translated this in [1 John 1:1-2](../01/01.md).
Jud 1:2
May mercy and peace and love be multiplied to you
may mercy, peace, and love be increased many times for you. These ideas are spoken of as if they were objects that could grow in size or number. This can be restate to remove the abstract nouns "mercy," "peace," and "love." Alternate Translation: "May God continue to be merciful to you so that you live peacefully and love one another more and more
Rev 1:4
May grace be to you and peace from the one who is ... and from the seven spirits ... and from Jesus Christ
This is a wish or blessing. John speaks as if these were things that God could give, although they are really ways in which he hopes God will act for his people. Alternate Translation: "May he who is ... and the seven spirits ... and Jesus Christ treat you kindly and enable you to live peacefully and securely"
Rev 1:5
May grace be to you and peace from the one who is ... and from the seven spirits ... and from Jesus Christ
This is a wish or blessing. John speaks as if these were things that God could give, although they are really ways in which he hopes God will act for his people. Alternate Translation: "May he who is ... and the seven spirits ... and Jesus Christ treat you kindly and enable you to live peacefully and securely"
Rev 1:6
to him be the glory and the power
This is a wish or prayer. Possible meanings are 1) "May people honor his glory and power" or 2) "May he have glory and power." John prays that Jesus Christ will be honored and will be able to rule completely over everyone and everything.
Rev 2:2
I know ... your hard labor and your patient endurance
Labor and "endurance" are abstract nouns and can be translated with verbs "work" and "endure." Alternate Translation: "I know ... that you work very hard and that you endure patiently"
Rev 2:9
I know your sufferings and your poverty
Sufferings and "poverty" can be translated as verbs. Alternate Translation: "I know how you have suffered and how poor you are"
Rev 2:9
I know the slander of those who say they are Jews
Slander can be translated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "I know how people have slandered you—those who say they are Jews" or "I know how people have said terrible things about you—those who say they are Jews"
Rev 2:13
you did not deny your faith in me
Faith can be translated with the verb "believe." AT "you continued to tell people that you believe in me"
Rev 2:19
your love and faith and service and your patient endurance
The abstract nouns "love," "faith," "service," and "endurance" can be translated with verbs. Alternate Translation: "How you have loved, trusted, served, and endured patiently"
Rev 7:10
Salvation belongs ... to the Lamb
They were praising God and the Lamb. The noun "salvation" can be expressed with the verb "save." AT "Our God, who sits on the throne, and the Lamb have saved us!"
Rev 9:6
people will seek death, but will not find it
This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "death." Alternate Translation: "people will try to find a way to die, but will not find it" or "people will try to kill themselves, but will not find a way to die"
Rev 12:11
by the word of their testimony
The word "testimony" can be expressed with the verb "testify." Also who they testified about can be stated clearly. Alternate Translation: "by what they said when they testified to others about Jesus"
Rev 13:10
into captivity he will go
The noun "captivity" can be stated with the verb "capture." Alternate Translation: "he will be captured" or "the enemy will capture him"
Rev 13:18
If anyone has insight
The word "insight" can be translated with the verb "understand." Alternate Translation: "If anyone is able to understand things"
Rev 17:1
the condemnation of the great prostitute
The noun "condemnation" can be expressed with the verb "condemn." Alternate Translation: "how God will condemn the great prostitute"
Rev 17:8
Then it will go on to destruction
The noun "destruction" can be translated with a verb. Alternate Translation: "Then he will be destroyed" or "Then God will destroy him"
Rev 17:9
This calls for a mind that has wisdom
The abstract nouns "mind" and "wisdom" can be expressed with "think" and "wise" or "wisely." Why a wise mind is needed can be stated clearly. Alternate Translation: "A wise mind is needed in order to understand this" or "You need to think wisely in order to understand this"
Rev 18:10
afraid of her torment
The abstract noun "torment" can be translated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "afraid that they will be tormented as Babylon is" or "afraid that God will torment them as he torments Babylon"
Rev 18:15
because of the fear of her torment
This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns "fear" and "torment." Alternate Translation: "because they will be afraid of God tormenting them they way he torments her" or "because they will be afraid of suffering the way she is suffering"
Rev 18:20
God has brought your judgment on her
The noun "judgment" can be expressed with the verb "judge." Alternate Translation: "God has judged her for you" or "God has judged her because of the bad things she did to you"