VersePhraseExplanation
Gen 3:17you will eat from itThe word "it" refers to the ground and is a metonym for the parts of the plants, which grow in the ground, that people eat. Alternate Translation: "you will eat what grows from it"
Gen 4:10Your brother's blood is calling out to meAbel's blood is a metonym for his death, as if it were a person calling out for God to punish Cain. Alternate Translation: "Your brother's blood is like a person calling out to me to punish the person who killed him"
Gen 6:5the thoughts of their heartsThe writer speaks of the heart as if it were the part of the body that thinks. Your language may use a word other than "heart" to talk about the part of people that thinks. Alternate Translation: "their inner, secret thoughts"
Gen 6:6it grieved him to his heartThe writer speaks of the heart as if it were the part of the body that feels sadness. Your language may use a word other than "heart" to talk about the emotions. Alternate Translation: "he was very, very sad about it"
Gen 6:11The earthPossible meanings are 1) the people who lived on the earth or 2) "The earth itself."
Gen 6:17that has in it the breath of lifeHere "breath" represents life. Alternate Translation: "that lives"
Gen 7:15Two of all fleshHere "flesh" represents animals.
Gen 7:15in which was the breath of lifeHere "breath" represents life. Alternate Translation: "that lived"
Gen 7:22the breath of lifeThe words "breath" and "life" represent the power that causes people and animals to be alive.
Gen 9:2They are given into your handThe hand represents control. This can be made active. Alternate Translation: "They are given into your control" or "I have put them under your control"
Gen 11:1the whole earthThis represents all the people on the earth. Alternate Translation: "all the people on the earth"
Gen 12:2I will make of you a great nationHere "you" is singular and refers to Abram, but Abram represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "I will start a great nation through you" or "I will make your descendants become a great nation"
Gen 12:2make your name greatThe word "name" represents the person's reputation. Alternate Translation: "make you famous"
Gen 14:10they fell in therePossible meanings are 1) some of their soldiers fell in the tar pits or 2) the kings themselves fell in the tar pits. Since [Genesis 14:17](./17.md) says that the king of Sodom went to meet Abram, the first meaning is more likely correct.
Gen 14:11the goods of Sodom and GomorrahThe words "Sodom" and "Gomorrah" are metonyms for the people who lived in those cities. Alternate Translation: "the wealth of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah" or "the property of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah"
Gen 15:1rewardthe result of a person's actions. This seems to be a metonym for the gracious blessing God would give Abram.
Gen 15:14I will judgeHere "judge" is a metonym for what will happen after God makes the judgment. Alternate Translation: "I will punish"
Gen 19:15of the cityHere "city" stands for the people.
Gen 19:24Yahweh rained down upon Sodom and Gomorrah sulfur and fire from Yahweh out of the skyThe phrase "from Yahweh" stands for God's power to cause the sulfur and fire to fall on the city. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh caused sulfur and fire to fall from the sky onto Sodom and Gomorrah"
Gen 19:31according to the way of all the worldHere "the world" stands for the people. Alternate Translation: "as people everywhere do"
Gen 20:4even a righteous nationHere "nation" stands for the people. Abimelech is worried that God will punish not only him, but his people also. Alternate Translation: "even a people who are innocent"
Gen 20:5I have done this in the integrity of my heart and the innocence of my handsHere "heart" stands for his thoughts or intentions. Also "hands" stands for his actions. Alternate Translation: "I have done this with good intentions and actions" or "I have done this with no evil thoughts or actions"
Gen 20:6in the integrity of your heart you did thisHere "heart" stands for his thoughts or intentions. Alternate Translation: "you did this with good intentions" or "you did this without evil intentions"
Gen 20:9on my kingdomHere "kingdom" stands for the people. Alternate Translation: "on the people of my kingdom"
Gen 20:11no fear of God in this placeHere "place" refers to the people. Alternate Translation: "no one here in Gerar fears God"
Gen 20:13my father's houseHere "house" stands for Abraham's family. Alternate Translation: "my father and the rest of my family" or "my father's household"
Gen 21:13I will also make the son of the servant woman into a nationThe word "nation" means God will give him many descendants so that they become a great nation of people. Alternate Translation: "I will make the servant woman's son also become the father of a great nation"
Gen 21:16she lifted up her voice and weptHere "voice" stands for the sound of her crying. To "life up her voice" means to cry loudly. Alternate Translation: "she cried out loudly and wept" or "she wept loudly"
Gen 21:17the voice of the ladthe boy's voice. Here "voice" stands for the sound of the boy crying or speaking. Alternate Translation: "the sound of Ishmael"
Gen 21:17the voice of the lad where he isHere "voice" stands for the sound of the boy crying or speaking. Alternate Translation: "the sound of the boy lying over there"
Gen 21:18I will make him into a great nationTo make Ishmael into a great nation means God will give him many descendants who will become a great nation. Alternate Translation: "I will make his descendants become a great nation" or "I will make him become the ancestor of a great nation"
Gen 21:23to the landHere "land" stands for the people. Alternate Translation: "to the people of the land"
Gen 22:18nations of the earthHere "nations" stands for the people of the nations.
Gen 22:18you have obeyed my voiceHere "voice" stands for what God said. Alternate Translation: "you have obeyed what I said" or "you have obeyed me"
Gen 23:11in the presence of the sons of my peopleHere "presence" stands for the people serving as witnesses. Alternate Translation: "with my fellow countrymen as my witnesses"
Gen 23:18in the presence of the sons of HethHere "presence" stands for the people serving as witnesses. Alternate Translation: "with the people of Heth watching as witnesses"
Gen 24:7who took me from my father's houseHere "house" stands for the people in his family. Alternate Translation: "who took me from my father and the rest of my family"
Gen 24:28ran and told her mother's householdHere "household" stands for all the people living in her mother's house. Alternate Translation: "ran to the house and told her mother and everyone there"
Gen 24:56Yahweh has prospered my wayHere "way" stands for a journey. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has caused me to succeed in the purpose my journey"
Gen 24:60may your descendants possess the gate of those who hate themArmies would break through the gate of their enemies' cities and conquer the people. Alternate Translation: "may your descendants completely defeat those who hate them"
Gen 25:23Two nations are in your wombHere "two nations" stands for the two children. Each child will be the father of a nation. Alternate Translation: "Two nations will come from the twins within you"
Gen 25:23two peoples will be separated from within youHere "two peoples" stands for the two children. Each child will be the father of a people. This can be translated with an active verb. Alternate Translation: "when you give birth to these two children they will be rivals"
Gen 26:9Abimelech called Isaac to himAbimelech probably sent someone to tell Isaac that Abimelech wanted to see him. Alternate Translation: "Abimelech sent someone to bring Isaac to him"
Gen 26:14a large householdHere "household" stands for workers or servants. Alternate Translation: "many servants"
Gen 26:25called on the name of YahwehTo "call on" means to pray or to worship. Here "name" stands for Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "prayed to Yahweh" or "worshiped Yahweh"
Gen 27:8obey my voice as I command youRebekah said "my voice" to refer to what she was saying. Alternate Translation: "obey me and do what I tell you"
Gen 27:13obey my voiceRebekah said "my voice" to refer to what she was saying. Alternate Translation: "obey what I tell you" or "obey me"
Gen 27:29nations bow downHere "nations" refers to the people. Alternate Translation: "people from all nations bow down"
Gen 27:40By your sword you will liveHere "sword" stands for violence. Alternate Translation: "You will rob and kill people in order to get what you need to live"
Gen 28:2house ofThis refers to a person's descendants or other relatives. Alternate Translation: "family"
Gen 28:14you will spread far out to the westThe word "you" is singular and refers to Jacob. Here Jacob represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "your descendants will spread out to the west"
Gen 28:20on this road on which I am walkingThis stands for Jacob's journey to find a wife and to return home. Alternate Translation: "on this journey"
Gen 28:21to my father's houseHere "house" stands for Jacob's family. Alternate Translation: "to my father and the rest of my family"
Gen 29:14my bone and my fleshThis phrase means they are directly related. Alternate Translation: "my relative" or "a member of my family"
Gen 29:22made a feastprepared a wedding feast. Most likely Laban had others prepare the feast. Alternate Translation: "had others prepare a wedding feast"
Gen 30:35gave them into the handHere "hand" stands for control or care. Alternate Translation: "had his sons take care of them"
Gen 31:27with tambourine and with harpsThese instruments stand for music. Alternate Translation: "and with music"
Gen 31:30to your father's houseHere "house" stands for family. Alternate Translation: "to be home with your father and the rest of your family"
Gen 31:42empty-handedThis stands for having nothing. Alternate Translation: "with absolutely nothing"
Gen 31:49when we are out of sight one from anotherHere "out of sight" stands for no longer being in each other's presence. Alternate Translation: "when we are no longer with each other"
Gen 32:8to one camp and attacks it, then the camp that is left will escapeHere "camp" refers to the people. Alternate Translation: "to attack the people in one camp, then the people in the other camp will escape"
Gen 32:11from the hand of my brother, from the hand of EsauHere the word "hand" refers to power. The two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second clarifies that the brother whom Jacob intended was Esau. Alternate Translation: "from the power of my brother, Esau" or "from my brother, Esau"
Gen 32:21So the gifts went on ahead of himHere "gifts" stands for the servants taking the gifts.
Gen 34:7he had disgraced IsraelHere the word "Israel" refers to every member of Jacob's family. Israel as a people group was disgraced. Alternate Translation: "he had humiliated the family of Israel" or "he had brought shame on the people of Israel"
Gen 34:25they attacked the cityHere "city" stands for the people. Alternate Translation: "they attacked the people of the city"
Gen 35:4that were in their handHere "in their hand" stands for what they own. Alternate Translation: "that were in their possession" or "that they had"
Gen 35:5on the citiesHere "cities" stands for the people who live in the cities.
Gen 35:11A nation and a company of nations will come from youHere "nation" and "nations" refer to Jacob's descendants who will establish these nations.
Gen 36:43This was EsauThis list is said "to be" Esau, which means that it is the whole list of his descendants. Alternate Translation: "This is the list of the descendants of Esau"
Gen 37:21from their handThe phrase "their hand" refers to the brothers' plan to kill him. Alternate Translation: "from them" or "from their plans"
Gen 37:22out of their handThe phrase "their hand" refers to the brothers' plan to kill him. Alternate Translation: "from them" or "from their plans"
Gen 37:27he is our brother, our fleshThe word "flesh" is a metonym that stands for a relative. Alternate Translation: "he is our blood relative"
Gen 40:3He put themThe king did not put them in prison but rather he commanded for them to be imprisoned. Alternate Translation: "He had them put" or "He commanded his guard to put"
Gen 40:21He restored the chief of the cupbearers to his responsibilityThe chief of the cupbearer's "responsibility" refers to his job as chief of the cupbearers. Alternate Translation: "He gave the chief of the cupbearers his job back"
Gen 40:22But he hanged the chief of the bakersPharaoh did not personally hang the baker, rather he commanded for him to be hanged. Alternate Translation: "But he commanded for the chief of the bakers to be hanged" or "But he commanded his guards to hang the chief of the bakers"
Gen 41:30all the abundance will be forgotten in the land of EgyptHere "land" refers to the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the people of Egypt will forget about the years in which there was plenty of food"
Gen 41:30will devastate the landHere "land" refers to the soil, the people, and the entire country.
Gen 41:33land of EgyptHere "land" stands for all the people and everything in Egypt.
Gen 41:35They should preserve itThe word "they" refers to the overseers and represents the soldiers that they should command to guard the grain. Alternate Translation: "The overseers should leave soldiers there to guard the grain"
Gen 41:36The food will be a supply for the landHere "land" refers to the people. Alternate Translation: "This food will be for the people"
Gen 41:36In this way the land will not be devastated by the famineHere "land" stands for the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "This way the people will not starve during the famine"
Gen 41:40You will be over my houseHere "house" stands for Pharaoh's palace and the people in the palace. The phrase "will be over" means Joseph will have authority over. Alternate Translation: "You will be in charge of everyone in my palace"
Gen 41:44apart from you, no man will lift his hand or his foot in all the land of EgyptHere "hand" and "foot" stand for a person's actions. Alternate Translation: "no person in Egypt will do anything without your permission" or "every person in Egypt must ask your permission before they do anything"
Gen 41:46when he stood before PharaohHere "stood before" stands for Joseph starting to serve Pharaoh. Alternate Translation: "when he started to serve Pharaoh"
Gen 41:55When all the land of Egypt was famishedHere "land" stands for the people. Alternate Translation: "When all the Egyptians were starving"
Gen 41:57All the earth was coming to EgyptHere "earth" stands for the people from all regions. Alternate Translation: "People were coming to Egypt from all the surrounding regions"
Gen 42:3from EgyptHere "Egypt" refers to the people selling grain. Alternate Translation: "from those selling grain in Egypt"
Gen 42:19carry grain for the famine of your housesHere "houses" stands for families. Alternate Translation: "carry grain home to help your family during this famine"
Gen 42:22his blood is required of usHere "blood" stands for Joseph's death. His brothers thought Joseph was dead. The phrase "is required of us" means they must be punished for what they did. Alternate Translation: "we are getting what we deserve for his death" or "we are suffering for having killed him"
Gen 42:33take grain for the famine in your housesHere "houses" stands for "family." Alternate Translation: "take grain to help your family during the famine"
Gen 44:7Why does my master speak such words as these?Here "words" stands for what was said. The brothers refer to the steward as "my master." This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in the second person. Alternate Translation: "Why are you saying this, my master?"
Gen 45:2house of PharaohHere "house" stands for the people in the Pharaoh's palace. Alternate Translation: "everyone in Pharaoh's palace"
Gen 45:5to preserve lifeHere "life" stands for the people that Joseph saved from dying during the famine. Alternate Translation: "so I could save many lives"
Gen 45:6there are still five years in which there will be neither plowing nor harvestthere will be five more years without planting or harvesting. Here "neither plowing nor harvest" stands for the fact that the crops still will not grow because of the famine. Alternate Translation: "and the famine will last five more years"
Gen 45:8of all his houseHere "house" stands for the people who live in his palace. Alternate Translation: "of all his household" or "of all his palace"
Gen 45:8ruler of all the land of EgyptHere "land" stands for the people. Alternate Translation: "ruler over all the people of Egypt"
Gen 45:26he is ruler over all the land of EgyptHere "land of Egypt" stands for the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "he rules all the people of Egypt"
Gen 46:29Joseph prepared his chariot and went upHere "Joseph" stands for his servants. Alternate Translation: "Joseph's servants prepared his chariot and Joseph went up"
Gen 46:31his father's houseHere "house" stands for his family. Alternate Translation: "his father's family" or "his father's household"
Gen 47:13The land of Egypt and the land of CanaanThis refers to the people living in these lands. Alternate Translation: "The people of Egypt and the people of Canaan"
Gen 47:14Joseph gathered ... Joseph broughtMost likely Joseph ordered his servants to gather and bring the money.
Gen 47:15When all the money of the lands of Egypt and Canaan was spentHere "lands" stands for the people who live in the lands. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "When the people of Egypt and Canaan used up all their money"
Gen 47:18There is nothing left in the sight of my masterHere "sight" stands for Joseph himself. Alternate Translation: "We have nothing left to give you, our master"
Gen 47:19Why should we die before your eyes, both we and our land?The word "eyes" refers to Joseph's sight. The people use a question to emphasize how desperate they are to buy food. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate Translation: "Please do not just watch as we die and our land is ruined!"
Gen 47:29If now I have found favor in your eyesHere "eyes" is a metonym for sight, and "sight" stands for thoughts or opinions. Alternate Translation: "If I have found favor with you" or "If I have pleased you"
Gen 48:4I will make of you an assembly of nationsHere "you" refers to Jacob, but it stands for Jacob's descendants. Alternate Translation: "I will make your descendants into many nations"
Gen 48:16May my name be named in them, and the name of my fathers Abraham and IsaacHere "name" stands for the person. The phrase "my name be named in them" is an idiom that means a person is remembered because of another person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "May people remember Abraham, Isaac, and me because of Ephraim and Manasseh"
Gen 48:16May they grow into a multitude on the earthHere "they" refers to Ephraim and Manasseh, but it stands for their descendants. Alternate Translation: "May they have many descendants who will live all over the earth"
Gen 48:19He also will become a people, and he also will be greatHere "He" refers to Manasseh, but it stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "Your older son will have many descendants, and they will become a great people"
Gen 48:22the mountain slope that I took from the Amorites with my sword and my bowHere "sword" and "bow" stands for fighting in battle. Alternate Translation: "the portion of land I fought for and took from the Amorites"
Gen 49:4because you went up to your father's bed. Then you defiled it; you went up to my couchHere "bed" and "couch" stand for Jacob's concubine, Bilhah. Jacob is referring to when Reuben slept with Bilhah
Gen 49:7I will divide them in Jacob and scatter them in IsraelThe word "I" refers to God. The word "them" refers to Simeon and Levi but they are a metonym standing for their descendants. The words "Jacob" and "Israel" are a metonym standing for all people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "I will divide their descendants and scatter them among all the people of Israel"
Gen 49:10The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the ruler's staff from between his feetThe "scepter" and the "staff" are long decorated sticks that kings carried. Here they are metonymies that stand for the power to rule. And, "Judah" stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "The power to rule will always be with the descendants of Judah"
Gen 49:10The nations will obey himHere "nations" refer to the people. Alternate Translation: "The people of the nations will obey him"
Gen 49:13Zebulun will liveThis refers to the descendants of Zebulun. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Zebulun will live"
Gen 49:13He will be a harborHere "He" stands for sea towns that the people of Zebulun will inhabit or build. These cities will provide shelter for ships.
Gen 49:14Issachar ... He sees ... He willHere "Issachar" is a metonym that stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Issachar ... They see ... They will"
Gen 49:15Issachar ... He sees ... He willHere "Issachar" is a metonym that stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Issachar ... They see ... They will"
Gen 49:16Dan will judge his peopleHere "Dan" stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Dan will judge their people"
Gen 49:19Gad ... attack him, but heHere "Gad" stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Gad ... attack them, but they"
Gen 49:20Asher's food ... and heHere "Asher" stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "Asher's descendants' food ... and they"
Gen 49:21Naphtali is ... he willHere "Naphtali" stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Naphtali are ... they will"
Gen 49:22Joseph is a fruitful boughHere "Joseph" is a metonym that stands for his descendants. Jacob speaks about them as if they were a tree branch that produces a lot of fruit. This emphasizes that they will greatly increase in number. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Joseph are a fruitful bough"
Gen 49:24his bow will remain steadyThe person holding the bow steady is spoken of as if the bow itself will remain steady. It is implied he is holding it steady as he aims at his enemy. Alternate Translation: "he will hold his bow steady as he aims at his enemy"
Gen 49:24his bow ... his handsHere "his" refers to Joseph who stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "their bow ... their hands"
Gen 49:24the hands of the Mighty OneThe "hands" are expressing the power of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "the power of the Mighty One"
Gen 49:24because of the name of the ShepherdHere "name" refers to the entire person. Alternate Translation: "because of the Shepherd"
Gen 49:25help you ... bless youHere "you" refers to Joseph who stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "help your descendants ... bless them"
Gen 49:25blessings of the skyHere "sky" stands for the rain that helps the crops to grow.
Gen 49:25blessings of the deep that lies beneathHere "deep" stands for the water underneath the ground that supplies rivers and wells.
Gen 49:25blessings of the breasts and wombHere "breasts and womb" stand for the ability for a mother to have children and feed them milk.
Gen 49:27Benjamin is a hungry wolfHere "Benjamin" is a metonym that stands for his descendants. Jacob speaks about Benjamin's descendants as if they were a hungry wolf. This emphasizes that they will be fierce warriors. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Benjamin will be like hungry wolves"
Gen 50:4Joseph spoke to the house of PharaohHere "house of Pharaoh" stands for the officials that make up Pharaoh's royal court. Alternate Translation: "Joseph spoke to Pharaoh's officials"
Gen 50:9ChariotsHere this stands for the men riding in the chariots.
Gen 50:24surely come to youIn [Genesis 50:24/26](./24.md) the word "you" refers to Joseph's brothers, but it also stands for their descendants.
Exo 1:1householdThis refers to all the people who live in a house together, usually a large family with servants.
Exo 1:8arose over EgyptHere "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "began to rule over the people of Egypt"
Exo 1:16on the birthstoolWomen sat on this short stool as they gave birth. Therefore, it is associated with birth. Alternate Translation: "as they give birth"
Exo 3:8milkSince milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate Translation: "food from livestock"
Exo 3:8honeySince honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate Translation: "food from crops"
Exo 3:17milkSince milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate Translation: "food from livestock"
Exo 3:17honeySince honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate Translation: "food from crops"
Exo 3:19unless his hand is forcedThis can be stated in active form. The word "hand" is a metonym for the power of the owner of the hand. Possible meanings are 1) "only if he sees that he has no power to do anything else," where the "hand" belongs to Pharaoh; where the "hand" belongs to Yahweh, 2) "only if I force him to let you go" or 3) "not even if I force him to let you go."
Exo 3:20I will reach out with my hand and attackHere "hand" refers to God's power. Alternate Translation: "I will powerfully attack"
Exo 4:10slow of tongueHere "tongue" refers to Moses' ability to speak. Alternate Translation: "unable to speak well"
Exo 4:12I will be with your mouthHere "mouth" refers to Moses' ability to speak. Alternate Translation: "I will give you the ability to speak"
Exo 4:14he will be glad in his heartHere "heart" refers to inner thoughts and emotions. Alternate Translation: "he will be very happy"
Exo 4:15I will be with your mouthThe word "mouth" here represents Moses choice of words. Alternate Translation: "I will give you the right words to speak"
Exo 4:15with his mouthThe word "mouth" here represents Aaron's choice of words. Alternate Translation: "I will give him the right words to speak"
Exo 4:16He will be your mouthThe word "mouth" here represents Aaron repeating what Moses told him. Alternate Translation: "He will say what you tell him to say"
Exo 4:22Israel is my sonThe word "Israel" here represents all the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "The people of Israel are my own children"
Exo 4:23you have refused to let him goThe word "him" refers to the people of Israel as God's son. Alternate Translation: "you have refused to let my son go"
Exo 5:2listen to his voiceThe words "his voice" represent the words God spoke. Alternate Translation: "listen to what he says"
Exo 5:3or with the swordHere "sword" represents war or an attack by enemies. Alternate Translation: "or cause our enemies to attack us"
Exo 5:21have put a sword in their hand to kill usHere "a sword" represents an opportunity to destroy enemies. Alternate Translation: "have given them a reason to kill us"
Exo 5:23to speak to him in your nameThe word "name" here represents the message of God. Alternate Translation: "to give him your message"
Exo 6:1my strong handThe word "hand" here represents God's actions or works. Alternate Translation: "the power I show in my works"
Exo 6:25These were the heads of the fathers' housesThe word "heads" here represents family leaders. Alternate Translation: "These were the leaders of the families"
Exo 7:4put my hand on ... reach out with my hand onThe words "my hand" represent God's great power. Alternate Translation: "use my power against ... show my powerful acts against"
Exo 7:5put my hand on ... reach out with my hand onThe words "my hand" represent God's great power. Alternate Translation: "use my power against ... show my powerful acts against"
Exo 8:19This is the finger of GodThe words "finger of God" represent the power of God. Alternate Translation: "This is the powerful work of God"
Exo 9:3then Yahweh's hand will be on your cattleThe word "hand" here represents Yahweh's power to afflict their animals with disease. Alternate Translation: "then the power of Yahweh will afflict your cattle"
Exo 9:4Israel's cattleHere "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the cattle belonging to the people of Israel"
Exo 9:4Egypt's cattleHere "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "the cattle belonging to the people of Egypt"
Exo 9:6cattle of EgyptHere "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "the cattle belonging to the people of Egypt"
Exo 9:15reached out with my hand and attacked youHere "my hand" refers to God's power. Alternate Translation: "used my power to strike you"
Exo 9:16so that my name may be proclaimed throughout all the earthHere "my name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "so that people everywhere will know I am great"
Exo 10:17take this death away from meThe word "death" here refers to the destruction by the locusts of all plants in Egypt, which would eventually lead to the deaths of people because there were no crops. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate Translation: "stop this destruction that will lead to our deaths"
Exo 13:3Yahweh's strong handHere the word "hand" refers to power. See how you translated "strong hand" in [Exodus 6:1](../06/01.md).
Exo 13:9so the law of Yahweh may be in your mouthThe words "in your mouth" here refers to the words that they speak. Alternate Translation: "so you may always be speaking of the law of Yahweh"
Exo 13:9strong handThe word "hand" here represents God's actions or works. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:1](../06/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the power I show in my works"
Exo 13:14strong handThe word "hand" here represents God's actions or works. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:1](../06/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the power I show in my works"
Exo 14:5the minds of Pharaoh and his servants turned against the peopleHere the word "minds" refers to their attitudes towards the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "Pharaoh and his servants changed their attitudes about the people"
Exo 14:30out of the hand of the EgyptiansHere the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "from the Egyptians' power"
Exo 15:2Yahweh is my strengthPossible meanings are 1) "Yahweh is the one who gives me strength" or 2) "Yahweh is the strong one who protects me."
Exo 15:2songMoses calls Yahweh his song because Yahweh is the one he sings about. Alternate Translation: "the one I sing about"
Exo 15:2he has become my salvationMoses calls God his salvation because God saved him. Alternate Translation: "he has saved me" or "he is the one who saves me"
Exo 15:6Your right hand, Yahweh, is glorious in powerMoses speaks of God as if God had hands. The right hand refers to God's power or the things God does powerfully. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh, your power is glorious" or "Yahweh, what you do is glorious in power"
Exo 15:6your right hand, Yahweh, has shattered the enemyMoses speaks of God as if God had hands. The right hand refers to God's power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh, your power has shattered the enemy" or "Yahweh, by your power you have shattered the enemy"
Exo 15:9my hand will destroy themThe enemies speak of destroying the Israelites by the power of their hands as if it were their hands that would destroy them. Alternate Translation: "I will destroy them with my hand"
Exo 15:12with your right handThe phrase "right hand" represents the strong power of God. Alternate Translation: "with your strong power"
Exo 15:16Because of your arm's powerGod's arm represents his great strength. Alternate Translation: "Because of your great strength"
Exo 15:17that your hands have builtThe phrase "your hands" refers to God's power. Alternate Translation: "that you have built by your power"
Exo 15:22Moses led IsraelThe word "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Moses led the Israelite people"
Exo 16:3by Yahweh's handThe phrase "Yahweh's hand" represents Yahweh's action. Alternate Translation: "by Yahweh's action"
Exo 17:12hands became heavyThe author writes of Moses' arms becoming tired as if his hands became heavy. Alternate Translation: "arms became tired"
Exo 17:13with the swordThe sword represents battle. Alternate Translation: "in battle"
Exo 17:14AmalekThis refers to the Amalekites. Alternate Translation: Amalekites"
Exo 17:16a hand was lifted upPeople would raise their hand when they made a promise or pledge, so raising the hand represents making a promise. Alternate Translation: "a promise was made"
Exo 18:4Pharaoh's swordThis represents being killed by Pharaoh or Pharaoh's army. Alternate Translation: "being killed by Pharaoh" or "being killed by Pharaoh's army"
Exo 18:8for Israel's sakeThe word "Israel" represents the Israelite people. Alternate Translation: "in order to help the Israelite people"
Exo 18:9the hand of the Egyptians ... the hand of PharaohThe hand represents the power of someone to do something. Alternate Translation: "the power of the Egyptians ... the power of Pharaoh" or "what the Egyptians were doing to you ... what Pharaoh was doing to you"
Exo 18:10the hand of the Egyptians ... the hand of PharaohThe hand represents the power of someone to do something. Alternate Translation: "the power of the Egyptians ... the power of Pharaoh" or "what the Egyptians were doing to you ... what Pharaoh was doing to you"
Exo 18:14you sit aloneThe word "sit" here is a metonym for "judge." Judges would sit while they listened to people's complaints. Alternate Translation: "you judge alone" or "you are the only one who judges the people"
Exo 19:3the house of JacobThe word "house" here represents Jacob's family and descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Jacob"
Exo 19:5my voiceGod's voice represents what he says. Alternate Translation: "what I say" or "my words"
Exo 19:8the people's wordsThe word "words" refers to what the people said. Alternate Translation: "what the people said"
Exo 19:19in a voiceThe word "voice" here refers to a sound that God made. Possible meanings are 1) "by speaking loudly like thunder" or 2) "by speaking" or 3) "by causing thunder to sound"
Exo 20:10within your gatesCities often had walls around them to keep out enemies, and gates for people to go in and out. Alternate Translation: "within your community" or "inside your city"
Exo 20:24cause my name to be honoredHere "name" is a metonym for God's being. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "choose for you to honor me"
Exo 22:24I will kill you with the swordTo be killed "with the sword" is a metonym that means a person will die violently, or perhaps fighting in a war. Alternate Translation: "you will die a violent death"
Exo 23:13mention the names of other godsThis represents praying to other gods. Alternate Translation: "pray to other gods"
Exo 23:21My name is on himHere "name" refers to God's authority. Alternate Translation: "He has my authority"
Exo 23:22If you indeed obey his voiceHere "voice" represents what the angel says. Alternate Translation: "If you carefully obey what he says"
Exo 24:11God did not lay a hand on the Israelite leadersThis means that God did not harm the leaders. Alternate Translation: "God did not harm the Israelite leaders"
Exo 24:16Yahweh's gloryThis was the brilliant light of God's presence. Alternate Translation: "The brilliant light showing God's presence"
Exo 31:2I have called by nameGod speaks of choosing specific people as calling them by name. Alternate Translation: "I have chosen"
Exo 32:11a mighty handHere the word "hand" refers to the things Yahweh did. Alternate Translation: "and the powerful things you did"
Exo 32:32blot me out of the bookThe word "me" here refers to the name of Moses. Alternate Translation: "erase my name from the book"
Exo 32:33that person I will blot out of my bookThe phrase "that person" represents "that person's name." Alternate Translation: "I will erase that person's name from my book"
Exo 33:3that land, which is flowing with milk and honeyThe land was good for raising livestock and growing crops. See how you translated this in [Exodus 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate Translation: "a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops"
Exo 33:3milkSince milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate Translation: "food from livestock"
Exo 33:3honeySince honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate Translation: "food from crops"
Exo 33:14My own presence will goGod's presence represents himself. Alternate Translation: "I will go"
Exo 33:19I will make all my goodness pass before youGod speaks of walking past Moses so that Moses can see his goodness as if only his goodness would go past Moses. Alternate Translation: "I will move past you so that you may see my goodness"
Exo 34:3Do not let anyone else be seen anywhere on the mountainBeing seen doing something represents doing that. Alternate Translation: "Do not let anyone else be anywhere on the mountain"
Exo 34:5he pronounced the name "Yahweh."Possible meanings are 1) "he spoke the name 'Yahweh.'" or 2) "he proclaimed who Yahweh is." For the second meaning, "name" would represent who God is.
Exo 34:7their childrenThe word "children" represents descendants. Alternate Translation: "their descendants"
Exo 34:14Yahweh, whose name is JealousThe word "Jealous" here means that God is concerned to keep his honor. If his people worship other gods, he loses honor, because when his people do not honor him, other people also will not honor him. Alternate Translation: "I, Yahweh, always guard my honor"
Exo 34:14whose name is Jealous,The word "name" here represents God's character. Alternate Translation: "I, Yahweh, who am always jealous" or "I, Yahweh, am always jealous"
Exo 34:20No one may appear before me empty-handedGod speaks of the offering as if the person was to carry it in his hands. Alternate Translation: "No one may come to me without an offering" or "Everyone who comes to me must bring me an offering"
Exo 35:20all the tribes of IsraelThis refers to the people in the tribes. Alternate Translation: "the people from all the tribes of Israel"
Lev 9:6so that his glory may appear to youHere "glory" represents the presence of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "so that he may show you the glory of his presence"
Lev 9:23the glory of Yahweh appeared to all the peopleHere "glory" represents Yahweh's presence. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh showed all the people the glory of his presence"
Lev 10:6the entire house of IsraelHere "house" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Israel"
Lev 16:16in the presence of their unclean actionsThe phrase "their unclean actions" represents the people who commit sinful actions. Alternate Translation: "in the presence of people who commit sinful actions"
Lev 18:21you must not profane the name of your GodHere the word "profane" means to dishonor. The word "name" represents God himself. Alternate Translation: "you must not dishonor your God"
Lev 18:24the nations are defiledThis refers to the people groups already living in Canaan. Translate this so the term "nations" is clarified as people. Alternate Translation: "the people of the nations defiled themselves"
Lev 19:29the nation will fall to prostitution and the land will become full of wickednessHere the words "nation" and "land" represent the people who live there. Many people practicing prostitution and other wicked deeds is spoken of as if the they have fallen into or become full of those things. Alternate Translation: "the people will begin to practice prostitution and many wicked things"
Lev 20:3profane my holy nameGod's name represents God and his reputation. Alternate Translation: "dishonor my reputation" or "dishonor me"
Lev 20:4close their eyes toThe phrase "to close their eyes" implies they "cannot see." This speaks of ignoring something as not seeing. Alternate Translation: "disregard" or "ignore"
Lev 21:6not disgrace the name of their GodThis word "name" is used to represent Yahweh's character. Alternate Translation: "not disgrace God's reputation" or "not disgrace their God"
Lev 22:2profane my holy nameThe word "profane" here means to dishonor. The word "name" represents Yahweh's character. Alternate Translation: "dishonor my reputation" or "dishonor me"
Lev 22:32You must not profane my holy nameHere the word "name" represents Yahweh himself and his reputation and "profane" means to remove the honor that belongs to God as Creator and Lord of the universe. Alternate Translation: "You must not dishonor me, for I am holy" or "You must not dishonor my holy reputation"
Lev 23:3a holy assemblyThe requirement that people assemble to worship God on that day is spoken of as if that day were the assembly. Alternate Translation: "a holy day, when you must assemble together to worship me"
Lev 23:8The seventh day is an assembly set apart to YahwehThe requirement that people assemble on that day is spoken of as if that day were the assembly. Being set apart to Yahweh means that when they assemble, they must worship Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "The seventh day is a day when you must assemble together to worship Yahweh"
Lev 26:6the sword will not pass through your landHere the word "sword" represents enemy armies or enemy attacks. Alternate Translation: "no armies will attack you"
Lev 26:25I will bring a sword on youHere the word "sword" represents an army or an attack from an army. Alternate Translation: "I will bring an enemy army against you" or "I will cause an enemy army to attack you"
Lev 26:25you will be delivered into the hand of your enemyHere "into the hand" means "into the control" and refers to defeat by their enemy. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will deliver you into the hand of your enemy" or "I will allow your enemy to control you"
Lev 26:27If you do not listen to meListening represents obeying what he has said. Alternate Translation: "If you do not obey me"
Lev 26:30I will destroy ... cut down ... throw your corpsesBecause God would send an army to do these things, he speaks as if he would do them. Alternate Translation: "I will send an enemy army to destroy ... cut down ... throw your corpses"
Lev 26:31I will turn your cities into ruins and destroy your sanctuariesBecause God would send armies to do these things, he speaks as if he would do them. Alternate Translation: "I will send enemy armies to turn your cities into ruins and destroy your sanctuaries"
Lev 26:33I will draw out my sword and follow youThis represents sending armies to attack them. Alternate Translation: "I will send enemy armies to attack you" or "I will send enemy armies to attack you with their swords"
Lev 26:36as though you were fleeing from the swordThe sword represents either someone who is ready to kill using a sword or an attack from an enemy army. Alternate Translation: "as though you were fleeing from someone who was chasing you with a sword" or "as though you were fleeing from an enemy army"
Lev 26:37as though you were running from the swordThe sword represents either someone who is ready to kill using a sword or an attack from an enemy army. Alternate Translation: "as though you were running away from someone who was chasing you with a sword" or "as though you were running away from an enemy army"
Lev 26:37to stand before your enemiesStanding before the enemies represents not falling when the enemies attack and fighting against them. Alternate Translation: "to resist your enemies when they attack you" or "to fight back against your enemies"
Lev 26:39their fathers' sinsHere "their fathers" represents their ancestors.
Lev 26:40their fathers' sinThe word "fathers" represents their ancestors.
Lev 26:45in the sight of the nationsThis represents the knowledge of the nations. Alternate Translation: "in the knowledge of the nations" or "and the nations knew about it"
Lev 26:45the nationsThis represents the people of the nations. Alternate Translation: "the people of the nations"
Lev 27:16a homer of barley will be valued atHere "a homer of barley" represents a piece of land that would need one homer of barley in order to plant on all of it. Alternate Translation: "a piece of land that requires one homer of barley in order to plant all of it will be valued at" or 'the value of land that requires one homer of barley will be"
Lev 27:32whatever passes under the shepherd's rodThis refers to the way they would count their animals. Alternate Translation: "when you count your animals by raising your shepherd rod and having them walk under it to the other side" or "when you count the animals"
Num 3:4before YahwehThis refers to Yahweh's presence, meaning that Yahweh saw everything that happened. Alternate Translation: "in Yahweh's presence"
Num 3:4they offered to him unacceptable fireHere the word "fire" is used to refer to "burning incense." Alternate Translation: "they burned an incense offering in a way that Yahweh did not approve of"
Num 3:6Bring the tribe of LeviHere the word "tribe" refers to the men in the tribe. Alternate Translation: "Bring the men of the tribe of Levi"
Num 3:8help the tribes of IsraelHere the "tribes of Israel" refer to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "help the people of Israel"
Num 3:48the price of redemption that you paidHere the word "price" refers to the shekels that Moses collected. Alternate Translation: "the money that you collected for their redemption"
Num 4:5When the camp preparesHere "camp" refers to all of the people in the camp. Alternate Translation: "When the people prepare"
Num 4:15when the camp moves forwardHere the word "camp" refers to all of the people in the camp. Alternate Translation: "when the people move forward"
Num 4:16the oil for the lightHere the word "light" is used to refer to the "lamps." Alternate Translation: "the oil for the lamps"
Num 5:7the price of his guiltHere the person's "sin" is referred to as his "guilt." Alternate Translation: "what is considered a suitable amount of money for the wrong that he has done"
Num 5:8to atone for himselfThe atonement is made for the man's sin. Here Yahweh refers to the man's sin as the man who committed it. Alternate Translation: "to atone for his sin"
Num 5:14a spirit of jealousy might still inform the husbandHere the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude and emotions. His "jealously" is spoken of as if it were a person who spoke to him. Alternate Translation: "the husband might feel jealous and become suspicious"
Num 5:14a spirit of jealousy might falsely come on a manHere the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude and emotions. The idea of the spirit "coming on him" means that he began to have these jealous feelings. Alternate Translation: "a man might feel jealous for no reason"
Num 5:20under her husbandThis phrase means that she is under her husband's authority. Alternate Translation: "under her husband's authority"
Num 5:30a spirit of jealousyThis phrase refers to the man's attitude and emotions of jealousy. See how you translated this in [Numbers 5:14](./14.md). Alternate Translation: "who is jealous"
Num 6:9defiles his consecrated headHere "head" represents the Nazirite man's hair, which symbolizes his vow. Alternate Translation: "defiles his long hair which shows everyone he is separated to God" or "he becomes defiled"
Num 7:2the heads of their ancestor's familiesHere the leaders of the families are referred to as "heads." Alternate Translation: "the leaders of their ancestor's families"
Num 10:2Make two silver trumpetsThis means that Yahweh commanded Moses to have someone make the trumpet. He did not make them himself. Alternate Translation: "Tell someone to make two silver trumpets"
Num 10:2You must use the trumpetsMoses will not blow the trumpets himself, but he will command the priests to blow them.
Num 10:9then you must sound an alarm with the trumpetsHere Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word "you" but actually wants Moses to have the priests blow the trumpets. Alternate Translation: "then you must command the priests to sound an alarm with the trumpets"
Num 10:10you must blow the trumpetsHere Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word "you," but actually wants him to have the priests blow the trumpets. Alternate Translation: "you must command the priests to blow the trumpets",
Num 11:17some of the Spirit that is on youThe "Spirit" here represents the power that God's Spirit had given to Moses so that Moses could do what God told him to do. Alternate Translation: "some of the power that the Spirit has given you"
Num 11:23Is my hand short?Here the word "hand" represents God's power. God uses this question to rebuke Moses for thinking that God did not have the power to provide enough meat for the people. Alternate Translation: "Do you think that I am not powerful enough to do this?" or "You should know I am more than strong enough to do this."
Num 11:25some of the Spirit that was on MosesThe "Spirit" here represents the power that God's Spirit had given to Moses. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 11:17](./17.md). Alternate Translation: "some of the power that the Spirit had given to Moses"
Num 12:7He is faithful in all my houseHere "my house" represents the nation of Israel. Being faithful in God's house represents being faithful in leading Israel. Alternate Translation: "Moses leads my people faithfully" or "Moses is the one whom I trust to lead my people Israel"
Num 12:11do not hold this sin against usTo hold people's sin against them is to say that they are guilty for their sin. Here it represents punishing them for their sin.
Num 13:26They brought back wordHere "word" refers to a report. Alternate Translation: "They brought back their report" or "They reported what they had seen"
Num 13:27milkSince milk comes from cows and goats, it represents livestock and the food produced from the livestock. Alternate Translation: "food from livestock"
Num 13:27honeySince honey is produced from flowers, it represents crops and the food produced from the crops. Alternate Translation: "food from crops"
Num 14:3to die by the swordHere "the sword" represents either being killed by the sword or being killed in battle. Alternate Translation: "to die when people attack us with swords" or "to die in battle" or
Num 14:22have not listened to my voiceHere "listened" represents obedience, and God's voice represents what he said. Alternate Translation: "have not obeyed what I have said"
Num 14:24because he had another spiritHere "spirit" represents his attitude. Caleb was willing to obey God. What his attitude was can be stated clearly. Alternate Translation: "because he had a different attitude" or "because he was willing to obey God"
Num 14:29Your dead bodies will fallTheir dead bodies falling represents them dying. Alternate Translation: "You will die"
Num 14:32your dead bodies will fallTheir dead bodies falling represents them dying. Alternate Translation: "you will die"
Num 14:33until the end of your corpsesA corpse is a dead body. The end of their corpses represents the last of the them dying. Alternate Translation: "until the last one of you dies" or "until all of you die"
Num 14:43you will die by the swordHere "the sword" refers to battle. Alternate Translation: "you will die in battle" or "they will kill you when you fight against them"
Num 15:20the first of your doughPossible meanings are that this refers to 1) the first grain that they would gather during the harvest or 2) the dough that they would make from the first of their grain.
Num 15:31has broken my commandmentNot obeying a commandment is spoken of as breaking it. Alternate Translation: "has disobeyed my commandment" or "has not obeyed what I commanded"
Num 15:31His sin will be on himHere "sin" represents either 1) punishment for that sin or 2) guilt of that sin. Sin being on him is a metaphor for either 1) being punished or 2) being guilty. Alternate Translation: 1) "I will punish him because of his sin" or 2) "I will consider him guilty"
Num 16:22the God of the spirits of all humanityHere "spirits" represents the ability to live. Alternate Translation: "the God who gives life to all humanity"
Num 16:38those who lost their livesLosing their lives represents dying. Alternate Translation: "those who died"
Num 16:46anger is coming from YahwehAnger coming from God represents God showing his anger. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh is showing us his anger" or "Yahweh is very angry and is acting according to his anger"
Num 16:47he put in the incensePutting the incense in the censer here represents burning it. Alternate Translation: "he burned the incense"
Num 18:5so that my anger does not come on the people of Israel againPossible meanings are 1) this represents God being extremely angry with his people. Alternate Translation: "so that I do not become very angry with the people of Israel again" or 2) this represents God punishing them because of his anger. Alternate Translation: "so that I do not punish the people of Israel again"
Num 18:6given to meHere "given" to God represents being set apart to serve God. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "which I have set apart for myself" or "and I have set them apart for myself"
Num 18:7everything inside the curtainBeing inside the curtain represents being inside the room behind the curtain. Alternate Translation: "everything in the room behind the curtain"
Num 19:12purify himselfThe person would ask someone who is clean to purify him by sprinkling on him some water mixed with the cows ashes. Asking someone to purify him is spoken of as if he were to purify himself. Alternate Translation: "ask someone to purify him"
Num 20:3in front of YahwehThis represents being in front of Yahweh's tent.
Num 20:9from before YahwehThis represents Yahweh's tent. Alternate Translation: "from Yahweh's tent"
Num 20:16he heard our voiceHere "voice" represents their crying or what they said to him. Alternate Translation: "he heard our cry" or "he heard what we asked for"
Num 20:17We will not turn aside to the right hand or to the leftHere "turn aside" represents leaving the road. Alternate Translation: "We will not leave the road in any direction"
Num 20:18I will come with the swordHere the sword represents the king's army. Alternate Translation: "I will send my army"
Num 20:20the king of Edom came against Israel with a strong hand with many soldiersHere the hand represents the king's powerful army. Alternate Translation: "the king of Edom sent a strong army of many soldiers to attack Israel"
Num 21:1he fought against IsraelHere "he fought" means that his army fought. Alternate Translation: "his army fought against Israel"
Num 21:2Israel vowedThis refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "The people of Israel vowed" or "The Israelites made a vow"
Num 21:3listened to Israel's voiceHere "listen" means that Yahweh did as they asked. Alternate Translation: "did what Israel asked"
Num 21:3Israel's voiceHere "voice" is a metonym that refers to their request. Alternate Translation: "what Israel asked"
Num 21:17Spring up, wellHere "well" represents the water in the well. The Israelites are speaking to the water as if it were a person who could hear them, and they are asking for it to fill the well. Alternate Translation: "Water, fill up the well"
Num 21:21Then IsraelHere "Israel" refers to the people of Israel, and especially to their leaders. Alternate Translation: "Then the Israelites"
Num 21:24Israel attackedHere "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "The Israelites attacked"
Num 21:24with the edge of the swordwith the sharp part of the sword. The "edge of the sword" is associated with death and complete destruction. Alternate Translation: "and completely defeated them"
Num 22:3Moab was very afraidHere "Moab" refers to the people of Moab. Alternate Translation: "All of the Moabites were very afraid"
Num 22:28Then Yahweh opened the donkey's mouth so she could talkOpening the mouth is associated with the ability to speak. Alternate Translation: "Then Yahweh gave the donkey the ability to speak like a human would speak"
Num 22:31Then Yahweh opened Balaam's eyes, and he saw the angel of YahwehTo "open one's eyes" is associated with being able to see. Alternate Translation: "Then Yahweh gave Balaam the ability to see the angel of Yahweh"
Num 23:9I see him ... I look at himHere "him" is a metonym that refers to the people of Israel.
Num 23:10a righteous person ... like hisThese are metonymies that refer to the people of Israel as a single person.
Num 24:7Water flows ... well-wateredAbundant water is associated with God's blessing on the crops of the land. Alternate Translation: "God will bless Israel with plenty of water for their crops"
Num 24:7their seed is well-wateredWell-watered seed refers to God's blessing on his people so that they will have abundant crops. Alternate Translation: "they will have plenty of water for their seed to grow healthy crops"
Num 24:17out of JacobHere "Jacob" refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "from among the descendants of Jacob"
Num 24:17out of IsraelHere "Israel" refers to future Israelites. Alternate Translation: "from among the Israelites in the future"
Num 24:19Out of Jacob a king will comeJacob was the ancestor of the Israelites. "Jacob" is a metonym that refers to the whole people group.
Num 24:20Balaam looked at AmalekHere "Amalek" is a metonym that refers to the people of Amalek. This continues Balaam's vision while turning to look in the direction of the Amalek nation, and then he prophecies about the Amalekites.
Num 26:61they offered before Yahweh unacceptable fireHere the word "fire" is used to refer to "burning incense." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate Translation: "they burned an incense offering to Yahweh in a way that he did not approve of"
Num 30:2everything that comes out of his mouthHere the word "mouth" is a metonym for the things that the man says. Alternate Translation: "to do everything that he says he will do"
Num 30:6if he overrules herHere the father overruling the woman's promise is spoken of as if he were overruling "her." Alternate Translation: "if her overrules her promise" or "if he cancels her promise"
Num 30:12then whatever came out of her lipsHere what the woman said is referred to as something that came out of her lips. Alternate Translation: "then whatever she said"
Num 32:22the land is subdued before himHere the word "land" refers to the people who live there. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "in his presence the Israelites have subdued the people who live in the land"
Num 35:19The avenger of bloodHere the word "blood" is a metonym for the murder. Alternate Translation: "The one who avenges the murder" or "The relative seeking vengeance"
Num 35:24the avenger of bloodHere the word "blood" is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 35:19](./19.md). Alternate Translation: "the one who avenges the murder" or "the relative seeking vengeance"
Num 35:27the avenger of bloodHere the word "blood" is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated these words in [Numbers 35:19](./19.md). Alternate Translation: "the one who avenges the murder" or "the relative seeking vengeance"
Num 36:7No shareThe word "share" represents the portion of land that each tribe received as an inheritance. Alternate Translation: "No portion of the land"
Deu 1:27into the hand of the AmoritesHere "into the hand" means to give the Amorites power over them. Alternate Translation: "into the power of the Amorites"
Deu 1:41to attack the hill countryHere the metonym "hill country" represents the people that live there. Alternate Translation: "to attack the people who live in the hill country"
Deu 1:43attacked the hill countryThe metonym "hill country" stands for the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "attacked the people who live in the hill country"
Deu 2:7he has known your walkingHere what happened to the people while they were walking is spoken of as their "walking."
Deu 2:9Do not trouble MoabThe word "Moab" represents the people of Moab. Alternate Translation: "Do not trouble the people of Moab"
Deu 2:24I have given into your handThe metonym "into your hand" means "into your control or power." Alternate Translation: "I have given you the power to defeat"
Deu 3:8out of the hand of the two kingsHere the metonym "out of the hand of" means "from the control of." Alternate Translation: "from the control of the two kings" or "from the two kings"
Deu 3:24your strong handHere the metonym "hand" means control or power. Alternate Translation: "your power"
Deu 4:6this great nation is a wise and understanding peopleThe word "nation" is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate Translation: "the people of this great nation are wise and understanding"
Deu 4:26I call heaven and earth to witnessPossible meanings are 1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says or 2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says.
Deu 4:29with all your heart and with all your soulHere "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly."
Deu 4:36made you ... you heardMoses speaks as if the people to whom he was speaking were the people he had spoken to at Mount Sinai many years earlier. The people at Mount Sinai were actually the fathers of the people to whom he was speaking these words. Alternate Translation: "made your fathers ... your fathers heard"
Deu 5:6out of the house of slaveryHere the metonym "house of slavery" refers to Egypt where the people of Israel had been slaves. Alternate Translation: "out of the place where you were slaves"
Deu 6:5with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mightHere "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These three phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated "with all your heart, with all your soul" in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 6:8tie themThis is a metonym for "write these words on parchment, put the parchment in a pouch, and tie the pouch." This metonym in turn may be a metaphor for "obey these words so that it is as if they were physically there." Alternate Translation: "tie these words"
Deu 6:8they will serve as frontletsThis is a metonym for "write these words on parchment, put the parchment in a pouch, and tie the pouch to your head so it sits." This metonym in turn may be a metaphor for "obey these words so that it is as if they were physically there." Alternate Translation: "my words will serve as frontlets"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
Deu 6:12out of the house of bondageHere the metonym "house of bondage" refers to Egypt, the place where the people of Israel had been slaves. Alternate Translation: "out of the place where you were slaves"
Deu 6:13you will swear by his nameTo swear by the name of Yahweh means to make Yahweh the basis or the power on which the oath is made. The metonym "his name" refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "you will swear and ask Yahweh to confirm it" or "when you swear you will speak his name"
Deu 6:20What are the covenant decrees ... commanded youIn this question the "covenant decrees" represent their meaning and purpose. Alternate Translation: "What do the covenant decrees ... commanded mean to you" or "Why should you obey the covenant decrees ... commanded you"
Deu 6:22on all his houseHere the metonym "his house" refers to the people of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "on all of his people"
Deu 6:25this will be our righteousnessThe word "this" refers to keeping Yahweh's commands. This is a metonym for Yahweh considering them righteous. Alternate Translation: "he will consider us righteous"
Deu 7:8hand of PharaohHere "hand" means "the control of." Alternate Translation: "control of Pharaoh"
Deu 7:16your eye will not pity themThis is a command. Moses speaks as if what the eye sees were the eye itself. Alternate Translation: "do not allow what you see to cause you to pity them" or "do not pity them because you see that what you are doing is hurting them"
Deu 8:2what was in your heartThe heart is a symbol of a person's character. Alternate Translation: "what kind of people you are" or "how you would behave"
Deu 8:3it is by everything that proceeds out of the mouth of Yahweh that people liveHere "the mouth of Yahweh" is a metonym for the words that Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "people must obey the commands of Yahweh so they can live" or "people must do what Yahweh tells them to do so they can live"
Deu 8:5You will think about in your heartHere the metonym "heart" represents the thoughts and understanding of a person. Alternate Translation: "You will understand"
Deu 8:12your heart will be lifted upHere "heart" represents the inner person. To become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh is spoken of as if the person's heart is lifted up. Alternate Translation: "you will become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh"
Deu 8:14your heart becomes lifted upHere "heart" represents the inner person. To become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh is spoken of as if the person's heart is lifted up. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 8:12](./12.md). Alternate Translation: "you become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh"
Deu 8:17but you may say in your heartThis is the third thing the people might do when their hearts "become lifted up" and they "forget Yahweh" ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)). Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's innermost thoughts. Alternate Translation: "but you may think to yourself"
Deu 8:17My power and the might of my hand acquired all this wealthHere "hand" refers to a man's power or ability. Alternate Translation: "I got this wealth because I am so strong and powerful" or "I have acquired all these things by my own power and ability"
Deu 8:20would not listen to the voice of YahwehHere "the voice of Yahweh" means what Yahweh tells his people to do. Alternate Translation: "would not obey Yahweh's commandments"
Deu 9:1Hear, IsraelThe word "Israel" is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Listen, people of Israel"
Deu 9:4Do not say in your heartHere "in your heart" means "in your thoughts." Alternate Translation: "Do not think to yourselves"
Deu 9:5so that he may make come true the wordHere the metonym "the word" refers to what God has promised. Alternate Translation: "so that he may fulfill the promise"
Deu 9:21your sin, the calf that you had madeHere the gold calf itself referred to as their "sin." Alternate Translation: "the calf, which you sinfully made"
Deu 9:23rebelled against the commandmentThe word "commandment" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "rebelled against Yahweh; you did not obey the commandment"
Deu 9:23listen to his voiceHere "his voice" means what God had said. Alternate Translation: "obey what he said"
Deu 9:26through your greatnessThe word "greatness" is a metonym for Yahweh's great power. Alternate Translation: "through your great power"
Deu 9:28so that the land from where you brought usThe words "the land" are a metonym for the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "so that the people of Egypt"
Deu 10:8in his nameHere "name" refers to authority. Alternate Translation: "as representatives of Yahweh"
Deu 10:12Now, IsraelHere the metonym "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Now, people of Israel"
Deu 10:12with all your heart and with all your soulHere "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated these two phrases in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 10:20by his name will you swearTo swear by the name of Yahweh means to make Yahweh the basis or the power on which the oath is made. Here "name" represents Yahweh himself. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 6:13](../06/13.md). Alternate Translation: "you will swear and ask Yahweh to confirm it" or "when you swear you will speak his name"
Deu 11:3to all his landHere "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "to all his people"
Deu 11:10watered it with your footPossible meanings are 1) "foot" is a metonym that represents the hard work of walking to carry water to the fields. Alternate Translation: "worked hard to water it" or 2) they would use their feet to turn a water wheel that supplied water to the fields.
Deu 11:12the eyes of Yahweh your God are always upon itHere "eyes" represents attention and care. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh your God is always watching over it"
Deu 11:16so that your heart is not deceivedHere "heart" represents a person's desires or thoughts. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "so that your desires do not deceive you" or "so that you do not deceive yourself"
Deu 11:18your heart and soulHere "heart" and "soul" represent a person's mind or thoughts.
Deu 11:18bind themtie these words. This is a metonym that represents a person writing the words on a parchment, putting the parchment in a pouch, and tying the pouch. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor meaning the people must be careful to obey Moses's commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md).
Deu 11:18let them be as frontlets between your eyeslet my words be as as frontlets between your eyes. This is a metonym that represents a person writing Moses' words on parchement, putting the parchement in a pouch, and tying the pouch so it sits between his eyes. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor that means the person must be careful to obey all of Moses' commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md).
Deu 11:23all these nations from before you, and you will dispossess nationsHere "nations" represent the people groups already living in Canaan. Alternate Translation: "all of these people groups from before you, and you will take the land from people groups"
Deu 11:25upon all the land that you tread onHere "the land" is a metonym for all the people in the land. Alternate Translation: "upon all the people in every place you go"
Deu 12:2the nations that you will dispossessHere "nations" represents the people groups that live in Canaan. Alternate Translation: "the people groups whose land you will take"
Deu 12:3destroy their nameHere "their name" represents "the memory of them." Alternate Translation: "destroy them so completely that no one will remember them" or "destroy anything that represents these false gods"
Deu 12:5the place that Yahweh your God will choose out of all your tribes to put his nameHere "his name" refers to God himself. Yahweh will choose one location where he will live and people will come to worship him there.
Deu 12:12he has no portionHere "he" refers to Levi. Levi represents all of his descendants. Alternate Translation: "they have no portion"
Deu 12:21chooses to put his nameHere "name" refers to God himself. Yahweh would choose a place where he will live and the people will come to worship him. Alternate Translation: "chooses to dwell"
Deu 12:23you will not eat the life with the meatThe word "life" here represents the blood that sustains life. Alternate Translation: "You will not eat what sustains life with the meat" or "you will not eat the blood, which sustains life, with the meat"
Deu 12:29the nationsHere "nations" represents the people living in Canaan.
Deu 13:3with all your heart and with all your soulHere "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 13:4obey his voiceHere "voice" represents what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "obey what he says"
Deu 13:5the house of bondageHere "house of bondage" represents Egypt where the people of Yahweh had been slaves. Alternate Translation: "Egypt where you were slaves"
Deu 13:6friend who is to you like your own soulHere "soul" represents the person's life. This means the person cares for his friend as much as he cares for his own life. Alternate Translation: "your dearest friend" or "a friend you love as much as you love yourself"
Deu 13:10out of the house of bondageHere "house of bondage" represents Egypt where the people of Yahweh had been slaves. Alternate Translation: "out from the place where you were slaves"
Deu 13:18you are listening to the voice of YahwehHere "voice" represents what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "you are obeying what Yahweh says"
Deu 15:5if only you diligently listen to the voice of Yahweh your GodHere the metonym "voice of Yahweh" refers to what Yahweh himself says. Alternate Translation: "if only you are careful to obey what Yahweh your God says"
Deu 15:6to many nations ... over many nationsHere "nations" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "to the people of many nations ... over the people of many nations"
Deu 15:9not to have a wicked thought in your heart, sayingHere "heart" represents a person's mind. Alternate Translation: "not to think a wicked thought"
Deu 15:16your houseHere "house" represents the person's family.
Deu 16:2You will sacrifice the PassoverHere "Passover" represents the animal that is sacrificed for the Passover celebration. Alternate Translation: For the Passover you will offer a sacrifice"
Deu 16:5You may not sacrifice the PassoverHere "Passover" represents the animal that will be sacrificed. Alternate Translation: "For the Passover you may not sacrifice the animal"
Deu 17:2what is evil in the sight of Yahweh your GodThe sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. Alternate Translation: "something that Yahweh your God thinks is evil"
Deu 17:6At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, will he who must die be put to deathHere "the mouth" represents the testimony of a witness. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "If two or three witnesses speak against the person, then you must execute him"
Deu 17:6but at the mouth of only one witness he must not be put to deathHere "the mouth" represents the testimony of a witness. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "but if only one person speaks against him, then you must not execute him"
Deu 17:14all the nationsHere "nations" represent the people who live in the nations.
Deu 17:18When he sits on the throne of his kingdomHere "throne" represents the person's power and authority as king. To sit on the throne means to become king. Alternate Translation: "When he becomes king"
Deu 18:5has chosen himHere "him" represents all the Levites.
Deu 18:5to stand to serve in the name of YahwehHere "the name of Yahweh" stands for Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate Translation: "to be his special servants" or "to serve as a representative of Yahweh"
Deu 18:7then he must serve in the name of Yahweh his GodHere "name" represents Yahweh and his authority. Alternate Translation: "then he must serve Yahweh his God as a priest"
Deu 18:9you must not learn to observe the abominations of those nationsGod hates the religious activities of the people in the surrounding nations. He considers them to be terribly evil. Here "nations" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "you must not do the terrible things that the people of the other nations do"
Deu 18:14For these nationsHere "nations" stands for the people groups that live in Canaan. Alternate Translation: "For these people groups"
Deu 18:19does not listen to the words of mine that he speaks in my nameHere "my name" represents Yahweh and his authority. Alternate Translation: "does not listen to him when he speaks my message"
Deu 18:20in my nameHere "my name" refers to Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate Translation: "for me" or "with my authority"
Deu 18:20who speaks in the name of other godsHere "name" represents the gods themselves or their authority. This means the prophet claims that false gods told him to speak a certain message.
Deu 18:21This is what you must say in your heartHere "heart" represents the thoughts of a person. Alternate Translation: "You ask yourself" or "You must say to yourself"
Deu 18:22a prophet speaks in the name of YahwehHere "name of Yahweh" refers to Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate Translation: "a prophet claims to speak for me" or "a prophet claims to speak with my authority"
Deu 19:1the nationsThis represents the people groups that live in Canaan.
Deu 19:6the avenger of bloodHere "blood" represents the person who was killed. An "avenger of blood" is a close relative of the person who was killed. This relative is responsible for punishing the murderer.
Deu 19:10innocent blood is not shedHere "blood" represents a person's life. To shed blood means to kill a person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "no one kills an innocent person"
Deu 19:10bloodguiltHere "blood" represents a life and "bloodguilt" refers to the guilt someone has for killing an innocent person.
Deu 19:12into the hand of the responsible relativeHere "the hand" represents the authority of someone. Alternate Translation: "to the authority of the responsible relative" or "to the responsible relative"
Deu 19:13you must eradicate the bloodguilt from IsraelHere "bloodguilt" represents the guilt for murdering an innocent person. Alternate Translation: "you must execute the murderer so that the people of Israel will not be guilty for the death of an innocent person"
Deu 19:13from IsraelHere "Israel" refers to the people of Israel.
Deu 19:15at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnessesHere "mouth" represents what the witnesses say. It is implied that there must be at least two or three witnesses. Alternate Translation: "at the testimony of at least two or three people" or "based on what at least two or three people say happened"
Deu 20:3Do not let your hearts faintHere "hearts" represents people's courage. For a heart to faint is an idiom that means "Do not be afraid."
Deu 20:8brother's heart ... his own heartHere "heart" represents a person's courage.
Deu 20:10When you march up to attack a cityHere "city" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "When you go to attack the people of a city"
Deu 20:11open their gates to youHere "gates" refers to the city gates. The phrase "open their gates to you" represents the people surrendering and allowing the Israelites to enter their city. Alternate Translation: "let you enter their city peacefully"
Deu 20:12But if it makes no offer of peaceHere "it" refers to the city which represents the people. Alternate Translation: "But if the people of the city do not surrender" or "But if the people of the city do not accept your offer of peace"
Deu 20:15all the citiesHere "cities" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people who live in cities"
Deu 20:20it fallsHere "it" refers to the city which represents the people of the city.
Deu 21:5in the name of YahwehHere the metonym "in the name of" refers to Yahweh and his authority. Alternate Translation: "as one who says and does what Yahweh himself would say and do"
Deu 21:18who will not obey the voice of his father or the voice of his motherHere "voice" is a metonym for what a person says. Alternate Translation: "who will not obey what his father or mother say"
Deu 21:20he will not obey our voiceHere "voice" is a metonym for what a person says or a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate Translation: "he will not do what we tell him to do" or "he will not obey us"
Deu 21:21All IsraelThe word "Israel" is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "All the people of Israel"
Deu 22:8so that you do not bring blood on your houseBlood is a symbol for death. Alternate Translation: "so that it will not be the fault of your household if someone dies"
Deu 22:9so that the whole harvest is not confiscated by the holy placeThe words "holy place" is a metonym for the priests who work in the holy place. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "so that the priests in Yahweh's holy place do not take away the whole harvest" or "so that you do not defile the whole harvest and the priests do not allow you to use it"
Deu 24:6for that would be taking a person's life as a pledgeThe word "life" is a metonym for what a person needs to keep himself alive. Alternate Translation: "because he would be taking from the man what the man needs to make food for his family"
Deu 25:6will succeed in the name of that man's dead brotherThe word "name" is a metonym for the person's family line. Alternate Translation: "will continue the family line of that man's dead brother"
Deu 25:6so that his name will not perish from IsraelThe word "name" is a metonym for the person's family line. Alternate Translation: "so that his family line will not disappear from Israel"
Deu 25:7refuses to raise up for his brother a nameHere "name" refers to the memory of someone through his descendants. Alternate Translation: "refuses to give his brother a son"
Deu 25:9who does not build up his brother's houseHere "house" is a metonym for the family. Alternate Translation: "who does not give his brother a son and continue his brother's family line"
Deu 25:11out of the hand of him who struck himHere "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate Translation: "so the one who struck him will not strike him again" or "from the man who hit him"
Deu 26:5There he becameThe word "he" is a metonym for "Jacob's descendants."
Deu 26:7he heard our voiceHere "voice" refers to the whole person and his cries or prayers. Alternate Translation: "he heard our cries" or "he heard our prayers"
Deu 26:14I have listened to the voice of Yahweh my God; I have obeyed everything you have commanded me to doHere "voice of Yahweh" is a metonym for what Yahweh says. Both statements share similar meanings. They emphasize that the person has obeyed all of God's commands.
Deu 26:16with all your heart and with all your soulHere "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 27:10obey the voice of Yahweh your GodHere the metonym "voice of Yahweh" refers to what he says. Alternate Translation: "obey what Yahweh your God says"
Deu 27:12These tribesHere the metonym "tribes" refers to the people from the tribes of Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Joseph, and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "The people from these tribes"
Deu 28:1to the voice of Yahweh your GodHere the metonym "voice of Yahweh" refers to what he says. Alternate Translation: "to what Yahweh your God says"
Deu 28:5your basket and your kneading troughIsraelites used a basket to carry grain. A "kneading trough" was a bowl they used to mix the grain and make bread. Alternate Translation: "all the food you grow and all the food you eat"
Deu 28:10you are called by the name of YahwehHere the metonym "called by the name of Yahweh" means belonging to him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has called you his own"
Deu 28:15the voice of Yahweh your GodHere the metonym "voice of Yahweh" means what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "what Yahweh your God is saying"
Deu 28:17your basket and your kneading troughThe Israelites used a basket to carry grain. A "kneading trough" was a bowl they used to mix the grain and make bread. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:5](./05.md). Alternate Translation: "all the food you grow and all the food you eat"
Deu 28:32There will be no strength in your handHere the metonym "strength in your hand" refers to power. "AT: "You will be powerless to do anything about it"
Deu 28:33a nationHere the metonym "a nation" means the people from a nation. Alternate Translation: "people from a nation"
Deu 28:45to the voice of Yahweh your GodHere the words "voice of Yahweh" are a metonym for what Yahweh said. Alternate Translation: "to what Yahweh your God said"
Deu 28:50a nation with a fierce face that does not respect the aged and does not show favorThe word "nation" is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate Translation: "a nation whose people have fierce expressions, who do not respect the aged and do not show favor"
Deu 28:58this glorious and fearful name, Yahweh your GodHere the metonym "name" refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh your God who is glorious and awesome"
Deu 28:62to the voice of YahwehHere the metonym "voice of Yahweh" refers to what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "to what Yahweh says"
Deu 29:4Yahweh has not given you a heart to know, eyes to see, or ears to hearThe people do have hearts, eyes, and ears. This metonym says that Yahweh has not enabled them to understand from what they saw and heard who Yahweh is, and how and why they should obey him.
Deu 29:27this land, so as to bring on itHere "land" is a metonym representing the people. Alternate Translation: "the people of this land, so as to bring on them"
Deu 30:2obey his voiceHere "voice" is referring to what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "obey what he says"
Deu 30:2with all your heart and with all your soulHere "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 30:6with all your heart and with all your soulHere "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 30:8obey the voice of YahwehHere "voice" means what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "obey what Yahweh says"
Deu 30:10with all your heart and all your soulHere "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 30:14in your mouth and your heartThis means that the people already know God's commands and can tell them to others.
Deu 30:19I call heaven and earth to witnessPossible meanings are 1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says, or 2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says
Deu 30:20obey his voiceHere "voice" refers to what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "obey what he says"
Deu 31:7in the sight of all IsraelThis means that all of the people of Israel were present. Alternate Translation: "in the presence of all the Israelites"
Deu 31:28call heaven and earth to witness against themPossible meanings are 1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says or 2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says. A similar phrase appears in [Deuteronomy 30:19](../30/19.md).
Deu 32:25Outside the sword will bereaveHere "sword" represents the army of the enemy. Alternate Translation: "When the Israelites are outside, the enemy army will kill them"
Deu 32:27Our hand is exaltedHere "hand" represents the strength or power of a person. To be exalted is an idiom for defeating an enemy. Alternate Translation: "We have defeated them because we are more powerful"
Deu 32:41When I sharpen my glittering swordWhen I sharpen my shining sword. This means God is preparing to judge and punish his enemies. Alternate Translation: "When I am ready to judge my enemies"
Deu 32:43Rejoice, you nationsMoses addresses the peoples of all the nations as if they were there listening.
Deu 32:43for he will avenge the blood of his servants; he will render vengeance on his enemiesHere "blood of his servants" represents the lives of his innocent servants who were killed. Alternate Translation: "for he will take revenge on his enemies, who killed his servants"
Deu 32:47because it is your lifeThe abstract noun "life" can be translated as the verb "live." You may need to make explicit the metonymy of obeying the law, which represents the law itself. Alternate Translation: "because you will live if you obey it"
Deu 33:3all his holy ones are in your handThe hand is a metonym for power and protection. Alternate Translation: "you protect all his holy people"
Deu 33:7to the voice of JudahHere "voice of Judah" refers to the cries and prayers of the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "when the people of Judah pray to you"
Deu 33:11Shatter the loins ofThe loins were considered the center of strength, and are here represent strength. Alternate Translation: "Take away the strength of" or "Utterly destroy"
Deu 33:13May his land be blessed by YahwehThe word "his" refers to Joseph which represents the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "May Yahweh bless their land"
Deu 33:28Jacob's springPossible meanings are 1) Jacob's home or 2) Jacob's descendants.
Jos 2:19blood will be upon their own headsHere "blood" represents a person's death. To be responsible for their own death is spoken of as if their blood would be on their heads. Alternate Translation: "their death will be their own fault"
Jos 3:3peopleThis is the nation of Israel.
Jos 4:10the peopleThis refers to the nation of Israel.
Jos 4:24the hand of Yahweh is mightyThis refers to the power of Yahweh being strong. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh is mighty"
Jos 5:1their hearts meltedHere "hearts" refers to their courage. They were so afraid that it was as if their courage melted away like wax in a fire. Alternate Translation: "they lost all their courage"
Jos 5:1there was no longer any spirit in themHere "spirit" refers to their will to fight. Alternate Translation: "they no longer had any will to fight"
Jos 5:6obey the voice of YahwehHere "voice" refers to the things that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "obey the things that Yahweh commanded them"
Jos 6:2into your handThe word "hand" is a metonym for the control that the hand exercises. Alternate Translation: "so that you can control it"
Jos 6:8before YahwehPossible meanings are 1) "in obedience to Yahweh" or 2) "in front of Yahweh's ark"
Jos 6:10No sound must leave your mouthsSound leaving someone's mouth refers to that person's speaking or shouting. Alternate Translation: "Do not yell or speak"
Jos 6:25She lives in IsraelThe word "She" refers to Rahab and represents her descendants. Alternate Translation: "Her descendants live in Israel"
Jos 7:7To give us into the hands of the Amorites to destroy us?The hands of the Amorites represents their control and power. Giving the Israelites into their hands to destroy them represents allowing the Amorites to have control of the Israelites and destroy them. Alternate Translation: "To allow the Amorites to destroy us?
Jos 7:8Israel has turned their backs before their enemiesDoing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate Translation: "Israel has run away from their enemies"
Jos 7:9They will surround us and make the people of the earth forget our nameMaking people forget the name of the Israelites represents making them forget the Israelites. In this case they would do it by killing the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "They will surround us and kill us, and the people of the earth will forget about us"
Jos 7:9for your great nameThe phrase "your great name" here represents God's reputation and power. Alternate Translation: "And so what will you do so that people will know that you are great"
Jos 7:12cannot stand before their enemiesStanding before their enemies represents fighting successfully against their enemies. Alternate Translation: "cannot fight successfully against their enemies" or "cannot defeat their enemies"
Jos 7:12They turned their backs from their enemiesDoing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate Translation: "They ran away from their enemies"
Jos 7:12I will not be with you any moreBeing with Israel represents helping Israel. Alternate Translation: "I will not help you any more"
Jos 7:13You cannot stand against your enemiesStanding before their enemies represents fighting successfully against them. Alternate Translation: "You cannot fight successfully against your enemies" or "You cannot defeat your enemies"
Jos 8:1I have given into your hand the king of Ai ... and his landGiving them into Israel's hand represents giving Israel victory and control over them. Alternate Translation: "I have given you victory over the king of Ai and his people, and I have given you control over his city and his land"
Jos 8:7will give it into your handHere "hand" symbolizes the control and power the people have over their enemies.
Jos 8:15let themselves be defeated before themlet themselves be defeated before the people of Ai. The phrase "before them" represents what the people of Ai would see and think. Alternate Translation: "let the people of Ai think that the Israelites were defeated"
Jos 8:18I will give Ai into your handGiving Ai into Israel's hand represents giving Israel victory and control over Ai. Alternate Translation: "I will give you victory over Ai" or "I will cause you to capture Ai"
Jos 8:35IsraelThis refers to the nation of Israel.
Jos 9:2under one commandHere "command" represents the one who commanded them. Being under him represents obeying his commands. Alternate Translation: "obeying the commands of one leader"
Jos 9:15the peopleHere this refers to the people of Israel.
Jos 9:23house of my GodHere this phrase refers to the dwelling place of Yahweh, the Tabernacle.
Jos 10:6your handsThe word "hands" here refers to the people of Israel's strength. Alternate Translation: "your strength"
Jos 10:8I have given them into your handHere "hand" represents the people of Israel's strength and their ability to defeat their enemy. The word "them" refers to the attacking army.
Jos 10:13the nationThis refers to the people of Israel.
Jos 10:19into your handThe phrase "your hand" here means "your control."
Jos 10:32into the hand of IsraelHere their "hand" represents their control. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh gave Lachish into the control of the nation of Israel"
Jos 10:37They captured it and struck it with the edge of the swordThe sword represents the army of Israel and striking expresses the idea of slaughter and destruction. Alternate Translation: "They captured and killed and destroyed"
Jos 10:39They struck them with the edge of the swordThe sword represents the army of Israel and striking expresses the idea of slaughter and destruction. Alternate Translation: "They killed and destroyed them"
Jos 17:17the house of JosephHere the word "house" refers to the descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Joseph"
Jos 18:5the house of JosephHere the word "house" represents the descendants of Joseph. The phrase refers to the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. Alternate Translation: "the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh"
Jos 20:2by the hand of MosesHere "hand of Moses" refers to the scriptures that Moses wrote down. Alternate Translation: "through the things that Moses wrote"
Jos 20:3avenge the blood of a person who was killedHere the shed blood of a person represents their death. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "avenge a person's death"
Jos 20:5avenge the blood of the person who was killedHere the shed blood of a person represents their death. This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Joshua 20:3](./03.md). Alternate Translation: "avenge a person's death"
Jos 20:9avenge the blood that was shedThis can be stated in active form. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Joshua 20:3](./03.md). Alternate Translation: "avenge a person's death"
Jos 21:8Yahweh had commanded by the hand of MosesThe phrase "by the hand of" here means that Yahweh used Moses as the agent to deliver his command. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh had told Moses to command"
Jos 21:44gave all their enemies into their handHere "into their hand" means "into their power." Alternate Translation: "gave them power to defeat all their enemies"
Jos 22:2obeyed my voiceHere "my voice" refers to the things that Joshua had said. Alternate Translation: "obeyed everything I said"
Jos 22:31you have rescued the people of Israel out of the hand of YahwehHere "the hand of Yahweh" refers to his punishment. Protecting the people is spoken of as rescuing them from his hand. Alternate Translation: "you have kept Yahweh from punishing us"
Jos 23:9to stand before youHere "stand" represents holding ground in a battle. The word "you" refers to the entire nation of Israel.
Jos 24:8gave them into your handHere "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "enabled you to conquer them"
Jos 24:10rescued you out of his handHere "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "enabled you to overcome him"
Jos 24:15my houseThis represents his family that lives in his house. Alternate Translation: "my family"
Jos 24:24We will listen to his voiceHere "listen" means to obey. Alternate Translation: "We will obey everything he tells us to do"
Jdg 1:7gathered their food from under my tableForcing these kings to eat scraps of food represents all the ways that Adoni-Bezek humiliated these kings. Here "gathering" food represents eating it. Alternate Translation: "ate scraps of food from under my table"
Jdg 1:8the city of Jerusalem and took itHere "city" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the people who lived in Jerusalem and defeated them"
Jdg 1:8They attacked itHere "it" refers to the city which represents the people of the city. Alternate Translation: "They attacked the people of the city"
Jdg 1:12Whoever attacks Kiriath Sepher and takes itHere "Kiriath Sepher" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "Whoever attacks and defeats the people of Kiriath Sepher and takes their city"
Jdg 1:22The house of JosephHere "house" represents descendants. Manasseh and Ephraim were sons of Joseph, and the "house of Joseph" can refer to the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim" or "The men of the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim"
Jdg 1:22to attack BethelHere "Bethel" represents the people who live in Bethel.
Jdg 1:25they attacked the cityHere "city" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "they attacked the people of the city"
Jdg 1:28When Israel became strongHere "Israel" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "When the people of Israel became stronger"
Jdg 1:29Ephraim did notHere "Ephraim" the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Ephraim.
Jdg 1:30Zebulun did not drive outHere "Zebulun" represents the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Zebulun.
Jdg 1:30but Zebulun forcedHere "Zebulun" represents the people of the tribe of Zebulun.
Jdg 1:31Asher did not driveHere "Asher" represents the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Asher.
Jdg 1:35house of JosephHere "house" represents descendants. Manasseh and Ephraim were sons of Joseph, and the "house of Joseph" can refer to the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim" or "the men of the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim"
Jdg 2:2you have not listened to my voiceHere "voice" represents what Yahweh said. Alternate Translation: "you have not obeyed my commands"
Jdg 2:15Yahweh's hand was against them to defeat themHere "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh helped their enemies defeat them"
Jdg 2:16out of the hand of thoseHere "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "from the power of the enemies"
Jdg 2:18the hand of their enemiesHere "hand" refers to power of the enemies to hurt Israel. Alternate Translation: "the power of their enemies"
Jdg 2:18as they groanedThe sound made by a person who suffers is used to describe the pain of the Israelites as they suffer. Alternate Translation: "as they suffered"
Jdg 2:20this nation has brokenHere "nation" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "these people have broken" or "the Israelites have broken"
Jdg 2:21any of the nationsHere "nations" represents the people groups that lived in Canaan before the Israelites.
Jdg 2:23into the hand of JoshuaHere "hand" is a metonym for power, and "Joshua" represents himself and his army. Alternate Translation: "into the power of Joshua and his army"
Jdg 3:8into the hand of Cushan-RishathaimHere "hand" is a metonym that represents power or control. Also, "Cushan-Rishathaim" is a synechdoche that represents himself and his army.
Jdg 3:10The hand of OthnielHere "hand" is a metonym for army. Alternate Translation: "The army of Othniel"
Jdg 3:11The land had peaceThe land is used to refer to the people who lived in the land. Alternate Translation: "The people lived peacefully"
Jdg 3:30the strength of IsraelHere "strength" represents the Israelite army.
Jdg 3:30the land had restHere "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites lived peacefully"
Jdg 3:31He also delivered Israel from dangerThe word "danger" refers to enemies that tried to harm the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "He also delivered the people of Israel from their enemies"
Jdg 4:2Yahweh sold them into the hand of Jabin king of CanaanHere "hand" refers to Jabin's power over Israel. Yahweh's decision to give Jabin power over them is spoken of as if Yahweh had sold them to Jabin. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh allowed them to be defeated by the power of Jabin king of Canaan"
Jdg 4:9for Yahweh will sell Sisera into the hand of a womanHere "hand" refers to her power to kill him. Alternate Translation: "for Yahweh will cause a woman to defeat Sisera"
Jdg 4:13Sisera called out all his chariotsHere "chariots" represents the soldiers who drove the chariots.
Jdg 4:15all his chariotsHere the word "chariots" is a metonym for the soldiers driving the chariots. Alternate Translation: "all the men driving chariots"
Jdg 5:5before the face of YahwehHere "face" refers Yahweh's presence. Alternate Translation: "in the presence of Yahweh"
Jdg 5:9My heart goes out to the commanders of IsraelThe word "heart" represents a person's emotions. The phrase "My heart goes out to" is a way of saying that Deborah feels gratitude or appreciation. Alternate Translation: "I appreciate the commanders of Israel"
Jdg 5:14from Zebulun those who carry an officer's staffMilitary leaders are described by the staff, a symbol of their authority. Alternate Translation: "military leaders from Zebulun"
Jdg 5:15Issachar was with BarakHere "Issachar" refers to the tribe of Issachar. Alternate Translation: "the tribe of Issachar was with Barak"
Jdg 5:15there were great searchings of heartHere "heart" represents thoughts. The people discussing with each other but being unable to decide what they should do is spoken of as if they were searching their heart. Alternate Translation: "there was a lot of discussing about what they should do"
Jdg 5:16there were great searchings of heartHere "heart" represents thoughts. The people discussing with each other but being unable to decide what they should do is spoken of as if they were searching their heart. See how you translated this in [Judges 5:15](./15.md).
Jdg 5:17Gilead stayedHere "Gilead" the men from Gilead who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate Translation: "The men of Gilead stayed"
Jdg 5:17Dan, why did heHere "Dan" represents the men from Dan who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate Translation: "the men of Dan, why did they"
Jdg 5:17Asher remainedHere "Asher" represents the men who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate Translation: "The men of Asher remained"
Jdg 5:23Curse MerozHere "Meroz" represents the people who lived there. Alternate Translation: "Curse the people of Meroz"
Jdg 5:28taken his chariot ... Why have the hoofbeats of the horses that pull his chariotsBoth of these represent Sisera. Alternate Translation: "taken Sisera ... Why has he"
Jdg 5:31the land had peaceHere "the land" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "and the people of Israel lived peacefully"
Jdg 6:1the hand of MidianHere "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Also, "hand" represents control. Alternate Translation: "the control of the people of Midian" or "the control of the Midianites"
Jdg 6:2The power of Midian oppressed IsraelHere "the power of Midian" refers to the people of Midian. Alternate Translation: "The people of Midian were more powerful than the people of Israel and they oppressed them"
Jdg 6:6Midian weakenedHere "Midian" represents the people of Midian.
Jdg 6:7because of MidianHere "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate Translation: "because of the Midianites"
Jdg 6:9from the handIn this phrase "hand" represents power or control.
Jdg 6:10obeyed my voice- Here "my voice" represents what Yahweh commanded. Alternate Translation: "obeyed my command" or "obeyed me"
Jdg 6:13gave us into the handHere "hand" represents power or control.
Jdg 6:13of MidianHere "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate Translation: "of the Midianites"
Jdg 6:14from the handHere "hand" represents power or control.
Jdg 6:14of MidianHere "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate Translation: "of the Midianites"
Jdg 6:15in my father's houseHere "house" represents a family. Alternate Translation: "in my father's family" or "in my family"
Jdg 6:35to Asher, Zebulun, and NaphtaliThese all represent the people of each tribe. Alternate Translation: "to the tribes of Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali"
Jdg 7:1The camp of Midian was to their northHere "Midian" represents the Midianite army. Alternate Translation: "The Midianite army set up their camp to the north of the Israelite army"
Jdg 7:2Our own power has saved usHere "power" represents the people themselves. Alternate Translation: "We have saved ourselves without God's help"
Jdg 7:4I will make their number smaller for you thereHere "number" represents the army. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate Translation: "there, I will show you who to send home so the army will have less men"
Jdg 7:9Attack the camp, for I am going to give you victory over itHere "camp" refers to the whole Midianite army. The word "victory" is an abstract noun that can be translated as a verb or an adjective. Alternate Translation: "Attack the Midianites at their camp, for I am going to help you defeat them" or "Attack the Midianites at their camp, for I am going to cause you to be victorious over them"
Jdg 7:14This is nothing other than the sword of GideonHere "the sword of Gideon" refers to Gideon's army attacking. Alternate Translation: "The loaf of barley bread in your dream must be the army of Gideon"
Jdg 7:20The sword of Yahweh and of GideonHere "sword" refers to their fighting. Alternate Translation: "We fight for Yahweh and for Gideon"
Jdg 7:22Yahweh set every Midianite man's sword against his comradesHere "sword" refers to their attack with the use of the sword. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh caused every Midianite man to fight against his fellow soldiers"
Jdg 8:1against MidianHere "Midian" represents the Midianite army.
Jdg 8:2AbiezerThis is the name of one of Gideon's ancestors. Gideon used his name to refer to Abiezer's descendants and their land.
Jdg 8:6now in your handHere "hand" represents power or control.
Jdg 8:10men who drew the swordHere drawing the sword represents using the sword in battle. Possible meanings are 1) this phrase refers to soldiers who use swords in battle. Alternate Translation: "swordsmen" or "men who fought with swords" or 2) this phrase refers to any soldiers. Alternate Translation: "soldiers"
Jdg 8:22out of the hand of MidianHere "hand" represents the power of Midian over Israel. Alternate Translation: "from the power of Midian" or "from Midian"
Jdg 8:22of MidianHere "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate Translation: "of the Midianites"
Jdg 8:27for those in his houseHere "his house" represents Gideon's family. Alternate Translation: "for his family"
Jdg 8:28So the land had peaceHere "land" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "So the Israelites lived peacefully"
Jdg 8:34from the hand of all their enemiesHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from the power of all their enemies" or "from all their enemies"
Jdg 8:35the house of Jerub BaalHere "the house of" represents a person's family. Alternate Translation: "the family of Jerub Baal"
Jdg 9:2I am your bone and your fleshHere "your bone and your flesh" represents being someone's relative. Alternate Translation: "I am a member of your family"
Jdg 9:4the houseHere "house" represents a temple.
Jdg 9:16his houseHere "house" represents Gideon's family.
Jdg 9:17out of the hand of MidianHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from the power of the Midianites" or "from the Midianites"
Jdg 9:18my father's houseHere "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "my father's family"
Jdg 9:19his houseHere "house" refers to family. Alternate Translation: "his family"
Jdg 9:27in the houseHere "house" represents a temple.
Jdg 9:30the cityHere "city" represents the people of the city.
Jdg 9:45against the cityHere "city" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "against the people of Shechem"
Jdg 9:46the houseHere this represents a temple.
Jdg 10:1deliver IsraelHere "Israel" represents the people of Israel.
Jdg 10:3IsraelHere "Israel" represents the people of Israel.
Jdg 10:7into the handHere "hand" represents power or control.
Jdg 10:9Judah ... BenjaminJudah and "Benjamin" refer to the people belonging to those tribes. Alternate Translation: "the people of the tribe of Judah ... the people of the tribe of Benjamin"
Jdg 10:9house of EphraimThe "house" refers to the people of the tribe of Ephraim. Alternate Translation: "the people of the tribe of Ephraim"
Jdg 10:9so that Israel was greatly distressedIsrael refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "so that the people of Israel suffered much"
Jdg 10:12from their powerHere "power" represents the Amalekites and the Maonites. Alternate Translation: "from them"
Jdg 10:16Yahweh could bear Israel's misery no longerHere Israel refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "And Yahweh did not want the people of Israel to suffer any longer"
Jdg 11:7my father's houseHere "house" refers to people living in the house. Alternate Translation: "my family"
Jdg 11:21gave Sihon and all his people into the hand of IsraelHere "hand" refers to power to defeat in battle. Alternate Translation: "gave Israel power over Sihon and all his people"
Jdg 12:14They rode on seventy donkeysThese men owned seventy donkeys, which they did ride. Here the word "rode" is used instead of "owned." Alternate Translation: "They owned seventy donkeys"
Jdg 13:1he gave them into the hand of the PhilistinesHere "hand" refers to power to gain victory in battle. Alternate Translation: "he allowed the Philistines to defeat them" or "he allowed them to be oppressed by the Philistines"
Jdg 13:5No razor will be used upon his headHere the word "head" refers to his hair. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "No one should ever cut his hair"
Jdg 13:5from the wombHere the word "womb" refers to the time before the child is born. Alternate Translation: "from before he is born"
Jdg 13:5the hand of the PhilistinesHere the word "hand" means control. Alternate Translation: "the control of the Philistines" or "being under the Philistine's control"
Jdg 13:14anything that comes from the vinesHere the angel refers to any food that grow on a vine as "coming" from the vine. Alternate Translation: "anything that grows on a vine"
Jdg 14:15your father's housePossible meanings are 1) this refers to the actual house. Alternate Translation: "the house your father and his family live in" or 2) "house" refers to the people who live in it. Alternate Translation: "your family"
Jdg 15:12the hands of the PhilistinesHere "hands" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "the Philistine's control"
Jdg 16:17from my mother's wombHere "from my mother's womb" refers to to when he was born. This means that he has been a Nazirite since he was born. Alternate Translation: "my entire life"
Jdg 16:31all the house of his fatherHere the word "house" refers to his family. Alternate Translation: "all of his father's family"
Jdg 17:10a father and a priestThe word "father" is here used in the sense of an advisor, and not to a literal father. Alternate Translation: "an advisor and a priest"
Jdg 17:12was in Micah's houseHere living in Micah's house is spoken of as "being" in his house. Alternate Translation: "lived in Micah's house"
Jdg 18:2from the whole number of their tribeThe phrase "the whole number" refers to all of the men in the tribe. Alternate Translation: "from among all of the men in their tribe"
Jdg 18:3they recognized the speech of the young LeviteThey recognized the man by the sound of his voice. Here "speech" refers to his "voice." Alternate Translation: "they heard the young Levite talking, and they recognized his voice"
Jdg 18:24the gods that I madeMicah did not make his gods, rather the craftsman made them. Alternate Translation: "the gods which I had made for me" or "the gods which a craftsman made for me"
Jdg 18:25let us hear you say anythingThe phrase "us hear you say" refers to the Danites hearing Micah speaking about what had happened, but it also includes if they are told by others that Micah had spoken about what had happened. Alternate Translation: "let us find out that you have said anything" or "say anything about this"
Jdg 18:27what Micah had madeMicah did not make his gods, rather a craftsman made them for him. Also, this can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the things that had been made for Micah" or "Micah's things"
Jdg 18:31that he madeMicah did not make his gods, rather the craftsman made them for him. Alternate Translation: "that had been made for him" or "that his craftsman made for him"
Jdg 19:8Strengthen yourself, and wait until the afternoonThe father-in-law is suggesting that he strengthen himself by eating. He is also asking him to wait until the afternoon to leave. This can be stated clearly. Alternate Translation: "Eat some food so you will be strong enough to travel, and wait until afternoon to leave"
Jdg 20:13the voice of their brothersHere "voice" refers to the message that they spoke. Alternate Translation: "what their brother said"
Jdg 20:29Israel set menHere "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites"
Jdg 20:48the cityHere "the city" refers to the people in that city. Alternate Translation: "everyone who was in the city"
Rut 1:9in the house of another husbandwith their new husbands, not someone else's husband. This refers to both a physical house that belongs to the husband, and to the protection from shame by being married.
Rut 1:13the hand of Yahweh has gone out against meThe word "hand" refers to Yahweh's power or influence. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has caused terrible things to happen to me"
Rut 1:19the entire townThe "town" refer to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "everyone in the town"
Rut 2:9Keep your eyes only on the fieldThe eyes represent watching something or paying attention to something. Alternate Translation: "Watch only the field" or "Pay attention only to the field"
Rut 2:11to come to a peopleBoaz is referring to Ruth coming to dwell with Naomi in a village and community, a country, and religion she did not know.
1Sa 1:18find favor in your eyesHere "find favor" is an idiom that means be approved of or that he is pleased with her. Here the eyes are a metonym for sight, and seeing represents judging or deciding the value of something. Alternate Translation: "evaluated me and approve"
1Sa 1:21his houseThe word "house" is a metonym for the people who lived in the house. Alternate Translation: "his family"
1Sa 2:9guard the feet of his faithful peopleHere "feet" is a metonym for the way a person walks, which in turn is a metaphor for the way a person decides how to live his life. Alternate Translation: "keep his faithful people from making foolish decisions" or "enable his faithful people to make wise decisions"
1Sa 2:27the house of your ancestorThe word "house" is a metonym for the people who lived in the house. Alternate Translation: "the family of your ancestor"
1Sa 2:28to wear an ephod before meThe words "wear an ephod" are a metonym for the work of the priests who wear the ephod. Alternate Translation: "to do what I had commanded the priests to do"
1Sa 2:30the house of your ancestorThe word "house" is a metonym for the people who lived in the house. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 2:27](./27.md). Alternate Translation: "the family of your ancestor"
1Sa 4:13the whole cityThis is a metonym for "all the people in the city."
1Sa 5:6both Ashdod and its territoriesThe name of the town is a metonym for the people living in the town. "both the people of Ashdod and the people in the land surrounding Ashdod"
1Sa 5:11the hand of God was very heavy thereThe hand is a metonym for God punishing the people. "Yahweh was punishing the people there very severely"
1Sa 5:12the cry of the city went up to the heavensThe word "city" is a metonym for the people of the city. Possible meanings are 1) the words "went up to the heavens" is an idiom for "was very great." Alternate Translation: "the people of the city cried out very loudly" or 2) the words "the heavens" is a metonym for the people's gods. Alternate Translation: "the people of the city cried out to their gods"
1Sa 6:3why his hand has not been lifted off of youHere "hand" is a metonym used to represent God's power to afflict or discipline. Alternate Translation: "why he has not relieved your suffering"
1Sa 6:5lift his hand from you, from your gods, and from your landHere "hand" is a metonym used to represent God's power to afflict or discipline. Alternate Translation: "stop punishing you, your gods and your land"
1Sa 7:3the entire house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the people who live in the house and their descendants. Alternate Translation: "all of the descendants of Israel" or "all of the Israelite people"
1Sa 7:8save us from the hand of the PhilistinesThe "hand" is a metonym for the power of the person. Alternate Translation: "save us from the Philistine army" or "keep the Philistine army from harming us"
1Sa 7:13The hand of Yahweh was against the PhilistinesThe word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh used his power against the Philistines"
1Sa 8:7Obey the voice of the peopleHere "the voice" is a metonym for the will or the desire of the people. Alternate Translation: "Do what the people say"
1Sa 8:22Obey their voiceHere the metonym "their voice" refers to the will of the people. Alternate Translation: "Obey the people"
1Sa 9:16from the hand of the PhilistinesHere the word "hand" is a metonym for control. Alternate Translation: "from the control of the Philistines" or "so the Philistines will no longer control them"
1Sa 10:18I brought up Israel out of EgyptThe name "Israel" is a metonym for the people of Israel. "I brought the people of Israel out of Egypt"
1Sa 10:18the hand of the Egyptians ... the hand of all the kingdomsThe word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "the power of the Egyptians ... the power of all the kingdoms"
1Sa 12:10have served the Baals and the AshtorethsServing here is referring to acting worshipful towards the false gods. Alternate Translation: "have worshiped false gods and goddesses"
1Sa 12:10the hand of our enemiesThis statement is using "hand" to refer to power. Alternate Translation: "the power or control of our enemies"
1Sa 12:15Yahweh's hand will be against you, as it was against your ancestorsThis speaks of Yahweh punishing the people as his "hand" being against them. The word "hand" here represents Yahweh's power and control. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will punish you, just as he punished your ancestors"
1Sa 12:22For the sake of his great nameHere "name" refers to the reputation of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "So that people will continue to honor and respect Yahweh"
1Sa 13:14a man after his own heartHere "heart" represents Yahweh's desire or will. The phrase "man after his own heart" is an idiom that means to be a person who does what Yahweh desires. Alternate Translation: "a man who is the kind of person he wants" or "a man who will obey him"
1Sa 14:7everything that is in your heartHere "heart" refers to Jonathan's desires. Alternate Translation: "everything that you desire to do"
1Sa 14:10has given them into our handHere "hand" refers to the power to defeat them. Alternate Translation: "will enable us to defeat them"
1Sa 14:12has given them into the hand of IsraelHere "hand" refers to power to defeat the Philistines. Alternate Translation: "will enable Israel to defeat them"
1Sa 14:26no one put his hand to his mouthHere putting one's "hand to his mouth" is a metonym that means to eat. Alternate Translation: "no one ate any"
1Sa 14:26the people feared the oathThe people were not afraid of the oath, but of the punishment that was associated with breaking the oath. Alternate Translation: "the people were afraid of what Saul would do to them if they broke his oath"
1Sa 14:27He raised his hand to his mouthHere "hand to his mouth" is a metonym that means to eat. Alternate Translation: "He ate some honey"
1Sa 14:29for the landThis is a metonym that represents the nation of Israel. Alternate Translation: "for Israel"
1Sa 14:36Let us approach God hereHere "approaching God" is associated with asking him counsel. Alternate Translation: "Let us ask God what we should do"
1Sa 14:37give them into the hand of IsraelHere "hand" refers to the power to defeat them. Alternate Translation: "enable us to defeat them"
1Sa 14:47IsraelThis is a metonym that represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites"
1Sa 14:47MoabThis refers to the people of Moab. Alternate Translation: "the Moabites"
1Sa 14:47EdomThis refers to the people of Edom. Alternate Translation: "the Edomites"
1Sa 14:48out of the handsThe word "hand" represents control. Alternate Translation: "out of the control"
1Sa 15:19the voice of YahwehHere "voice" refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "the things that Yahweh commanded"
1Sa 15:20the voice of YahwehHere "voice" refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "the things that Yahweh commanded"
1Sa 15:22the voice of YahwehHere "voice" refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "the things that Yahweh commanded"
1Sa 15:24obeyed their voiceHere "voice" refers to what the soldiers asked Saul to do. Alternate Translation: "did what they asked"
1Sa 15:29his mindThis refers to his thoughts and decisions. Alternate Translation: "what he has decided to do"
1Sa 15:30before the elders of my people and before IsraelHere "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "before the people of Israel and the elders who lead them"
1Sa 16:7on the heartHere "heart" represents a person's inner being.
1Sa 16:22he has found favor in my eyesHere "eyes" are a metonym for sight, and "my sight" represents how Saul judges or evaluates David. Alternate Translation: "he has found favor in my judgment" or "I am pleased with him"
1Sa 17:25will make his father's house free from taxation in IsraelThe word "house" refers to the household or family. Alternate Translation: "will no longer require his family to pay taxes"
1Sa 17:32Let no man's heart failThe heart failing represents being terrified and losing confidence. Alternate Translation: "Do not let anyone be terrified" or "Do not let anyone lose their confidence"
1Sa 17:37from the paw of the lion and from the paw of the bearBears and lions use their paws when they attack, so the word "paw" represents the attack. Alternate Translation: "from the attack of the lion and from the attack of the bear" or "from the lion and the bear"
1Sa 17:37the hand of this PhilistineThe Philistine's hand represents his power in fighting. Alternate Translation: "the power of this Philistine" or "the Philistine"
1Sa 17:45in the name of YahwehHere "name" represents God's power or authority. Alternate Translation: "with the power of Yahweh" or "with the authority of Yahweh"
1Sa 17:46all the earth may knowThe word "earth" refers to the people on earth. Alternate Translation: "all the people of the earth may know"
1Sa 17:47Yahweh does not give victory with sword or spearSwords and spears are examples of battle weapons. They represent human ways of fighting. Alternate Translation: "The victory that Yahweh gives does not depend on sword and spear" or "when Yahweh gives us victory, he does not depend on how we fight"
1Sa 17:47the battle is Yahweh'sWinning the battle is spoken of as owning the battle. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh always wins the battle" or "the victory belongs to Yahweh"
1Sa 17:47he will give you into our handGiving the Philistines into Israel's hand represents helping Israel to defeat the Philistines in battle. Alternate Translation: "he will help us defeat you"
1Sa 18:16all Israel and Judah loved DavidHere "Israel and Judah" represent the people of all of the tribes. Alternate Translation: "all the people in Israel and Judah loved David"
1Sa 18:30so that his name was highly regardedHere "name" is a metonym for David. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "so that people greatly respected David"
1Sa 19:5sin against innocent bloodHere "blood" is a metonym for the life of an innocent person. Alternate Translation: "commit the sin of murder"
1Sa 19:20standing as head over themHere "head" refers to a position of authority. Alternate Translation: "acting as their leader"
1Sa 20:16house of DavidThe word "house" is a metonym for the people who live in the house. Alternate Translation: "David's family"
1Sa 20:30Saul's anger burned against JonathanHere "anger burned" is a metonym that refers to becoming very angry. Alternate Translation: "Saul became very angry with Jonathan"
1Sa 21:3what do you have on hand?Here "on hand" is a metonym meaning "available." Alternate Translation: "What food do you have that you can give me?"
1Sa 21:8Now is there not here on hand any spear or sword?Here "on hand" is a metonym meaning "available." See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 21:3](./03.md). Alternate Translation: "Do you have a spear or sword that you can give me?"
1Sa 21:12David took these words to heartHere "took ... to heart" is a metonym to think seriously about what was said. Alternate Translation: "David thought seriously about what the servants said"
1Sa 22:14is honored in your houseThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "whom your family honors"
1Sa 22:15to all the house of my fatherHere "house" represents "family." Alternate Translation: "to all my father's family"
1Sa 22:16your father's houseThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Alternate Translation: "your father's family" or "your father's descendants"
1Sa 22:17would not put out their hand to killThe word "hand" is a metonym for the work done with the hand. Alternate Translation: "did not do anything to kill" or "refused to kill"
1Sa 23:11surrender me into his handHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "give me over to Saul"
1Sa 23:12surrender me and my men into the hand of SaulHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "give me and my men over to Saul"
1Sa 23:14did not give him into his handThe word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "did not allow Saul to have power over David" or "did not allow Saul to do as he desired with David" or "did not allow Saul to capture David"
1Sa 23:17For the hand of Saul my father will not find youHere "hand" is a metonym for Saul and his power. Alternate Translation: "For Saul my father will not find you" or "For Saul my father will never be able to have power over you"
1Sa 24:6to put out my hand against himThe hand is a metonym for the ability to cause harm. Alternate Translation: "to harm him in any way"
1Sa 24:10put you into my handThe word "hand" is a metonym for control. Alternate Translation: "put you where I could kill you or allow you to live"
1Sa 24:12my hand shall not be against youThe hand is a metonym for the ability to cause harm. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Samuel 24:6](./05.md). Alternate Translation: "I will not harm you in any way"
1Sa 24:15from your handThe word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "so that you have no power over me"
1Sa 24:20in your handThe word "hand" is a metonym that represents power or control.
1Sa 24:21you will not destroy my name out of my father's houseIt is important for each family in Israel to have descendants from generation to generation carrying on the family name and land inheritance. Alternate Translation: "you will not destroy my family and descendants" or "you will allow my family to live"
1Sa 25:3He was a descendant of the house of CalebHere "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "He was a descendant of the family of Caleb" or "He was a descendant of Caleb"
1Sa 25:13Every man strap on his sword. So every man strapped on his sword. David also strapped on his swordIf swords are not known in your language, you can treat "strap on his sword" as a metonym meaning to prepare for war. Alternate Translation: "'Every man, prepare for war.' And every man prepared for war. David also prepared for war"
1Sa 25:26avenging yourself with your own handThe hand is a metonym for what a person does with the hand. Abigail assumes that David should allow Yahweh to take vengeance for him. Alternate Translation: "taking vengeance yourself instead of letting Yahweh do it"
1Sa 25:33with my own handThe word "hand" here is a metonym for the action taken by the hand. Alternate Translation: "by my own actions"
1Sa 25:35have listened to your voiceThe word "voice" is a metonym for the message the person speaks and a synecdoche for the person who speaks. Alternate Translation: "have listened to what you have told me" or "will do as you have advised me"
1Sa 25:41She arose, bowed herselfAbigail responded by bowing. The reader should understand that she was probably already standing when the men were talking to her in [1 Samuel 25:40](./39.md), and so the word "arose" is a metonym for deciding to bow down.
1Sa 26:8God has put your enemy into your handAbishai speaks as if the enemy were a small object that God had put into David's hand. The word "hand" is a metonym for the power the hand can wield. Alternate Translation: "God has given you complete control over your enemy"
1Sa 26:8pin him to the ground with the spearThis is a metonym that refers to "kill with a spear"
1Sa 26:11extend my hand againstThe hand is a metonym for the harm a hand can do. Alternate Translation: "do anything to harm"
1Sa 26:18What evil is in my hand?This speaks of evil as if it were an object that is held in the hand. Here "hand" represents a person acting or doing something. Possible meanings are 1) David really does want Saul to answer the question. Alternate Translation: "What have I done wrong?" or 2) this rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate Translation: "I have done nothing wrong!"
1Sa 26:23Yahweh put you into my hand todayThe word "hand" is a metonym for the person's power. "Yahweh gave me an opportunity to attack you today" or "Yahweh placed me where I could easily have killed you"
1Sa 27:5let them give me a placeSince Achish was the one who would "give," this is a metonym for "please give me a place."
1Sa 30:15you will not ... betray me up into the hands of my masterHere "hands" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "you will not ... violate the trust I have in you by allowing my master to control me again"
1Sa 31:1against IsraelIsrael refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "against the people of Israel"
2Sa 1:14with your own handThis phrase refers to doing something yourself. Alternate Translation: "yourself" or "personally"
2Sa 1:16Your blood is on your headHere "blood" is a metonym that implies "shed blood" and is associated with death. Here "your head" is a synecdoche referring to the man and means that he is responsible. Alternate Translation: "You are responsible for your own death" or "You have caused your own death"
2Sa 1:19Your glory, Israel, is deadYour glory refers to Saul.
2Sa 1:19the mightyThe phrase "the mighty" refers to both Saul and Jonathan. This nominal adjective is plural, and can be stated as "the mighty ones."(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
2Sa 1:20the daughters of the uncircumcisedThis phrase refers to people who do not follow Yahweh, such as the Philistines.
2Sa 1:21the shield of the mighty was defiledThe "mighty" here refers to Saul. The shield was defiled because it fell on the ground, and because the king's blood was shed on it.
2Sa 2:31of BenjaminThis phrase means "from the tribe of Benjamin."
2Sa 3:8into the hand of DavidHere "hand" represents the power to defeat. Alternate Translation: "to be defeated by David"
2Sa 3:10throne of DavidThis phrase refers to the authority of David as king.
2Sa 3:12my hand is with youHere "hand" represents Abner's assistance that he is offering to David. Alternate Translation: "I will assist you"
2Sa 3:18By the hand of my servant DavidHere "hand" refers to David's power to defeat the Philistines. Alternate Translation: "I will empower my servant David and"
2Sa 3:18the hand of the PhilistinesHere "hand" refers to power over Israel. Alternate Translation: "the power of the Philistines"
2Sa 3:18the hand of all their enemiesHere "hand" refers to power over Israel. Alternate Translation: "the power of all of their enemies"
2Sa 3:19the people of Benjamin ... the whole house of BenjaminBoth of these statements refer to the descendants of Benjamin, who were one of the tribes of Israel.
2Sa 3:21all IsraelThis phrase means "all of the nation of Israel."
2Sa 3:27the blood of AsahelHere "blood" is associated with the death of Asahel. Alternate Translation: "the death of Asahel"
2Sa 3:28the blood of AbnerHere "blood" refers to the death of Abner. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Samuel 3:27](./27.md). Alternate Translation: "the death of Abner" or "the murder of Abner"
2Sa 3:29all his father's houseHere "house" refers to descendants. Alternate Translation: "all the descendants of Joab's father"
2Sa 3:29May there never fail to beThis double negative emphasizes that there will always be someone with the problems listed. Alternate Translation: "May there always be"
2Sa 3:29is killed by the swordHere "sword" refers to violent death. Alternate Translation: "dies violently"
2Sa 3:34the sons of injusticeThis refers to people who are unjust or wicked. Alternate Translation: "wicked men"
2Sa 4:11require his blood from your handThe phrase "his blood" represents the life of Ishbosheth. Here "from your hand" represents Rechab and Baanah, the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, introduced in [2 Samuel 4:5](./05.md). Alternate Translation: "hold you responsible for the death of Ishbosheth"
2Sa 5:8The 'blind and the lame'Possible meanings are 1) this refers to people who are truly lame and blind or 2) this is a metonym that speaks about the Jebusites inside the city of Jerusalem as if they were all weak and handicapped.
2Sa 6:1all the chosen men of IsraelThis metonym represents the army of the nation of Israel.
2Sa 6:5all the house of IsraelThis metonym represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "all the other Israelites with him"
2Sa 6:12Obed Edom's houseHere "house" represents a family. Alternate Translation: "Obed Edom and his family"
2Sa 6:15all the house of IsraelHere "house" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "all the other Israelites with him"
2Sa 6:16she despised him in her heartHere "heart" represents thoughts or emotions. Alternate Translation: "she looked at him with disdain" or "she sneered at him"
2Sa 6:18he blessed the people in the name of Yahweh of hostsTo bless "in the name of Yahweh of hosts" means to bless with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative.
2Sa 6:22I will be humiliated in my own eyesHere "in my own eyes" represents what a person considers or thinks about something. Alternate Translation: "I will consider myself humiliated" or "I will consider myself a fool"
2Sa 7:3do what is in your heartHere "heart" represents the mind. Alternate Translation: "do what you think you should"
2Sa 7:8I took you from the pastureDavid's job as a shepherd is referred to by the place he watched his sheep. Alternate Translation: "I took you from your job as a shepherd"
2Sa 7:9make your name greatHere "name" represents a person's reputation.
2Sa 7:11I will make you a houseHere the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In [2 Samuel 7:4](./03.md) Yahweh asked David if he would be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There "house" represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 7:4.
2Sa 7:12I will establish his kingdomHere "his kingdom" represents his power to rule. Alternate Translation: "I will make him to be a very powerful king"
2Sa 7:13a house for my nameHere "name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "a permanent dwelling for me"
2Sa 7:13I will establish the throne of his kingdom foreverHere "throne" represents the person's power to rule as king. Alternate Translation: "I will make his rule over Israel to last forever"
2Sa 7:23to make a name for yourselfHere "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "to make all people know who you are"
2Sa 7:23for your landHere "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "for your people"
2Sa 7:23You drove out nationsHere "nations" represents the people groups that were living in Canaan.
2Sa 7:26May your name be forever greatHere "name" represents Yahweh's reputation.
2Sa 7:26the house of me, David, your servantHere "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "my family"
2Sa 7:27that you will build him a houseHere the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In [2 Samuel 7:4](./03.md) Yahweh asked David if he would be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There "house" represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 7:4.
2Sa 7:27houseHere "house" represents David's family.
2Sa 8:7David took ... King David tookHere David represents his soldiers. Alternate Translation: "David's soldiers took ... King David's soldiers took"
2Sa 8:8David took ... King David tookHere David represents his soldiers. Alternate Translation: "David's soldiers took ... King David's soldiers took"
2Sa 8:13David's name was well knownHere "name" refers to David's reputation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "David was very famous"
2Sa 9:3who is lame in his feetwhose feet are damaged. The word "feet" here refers to the ability to walk. Alternate Translation: "who is unable to walk"
2Sa 9:7you will always eat at my tableHere "my table" represents being together with David or in his presence. Eating with the king at his table was a great honor. Alternate Translation: "you will always eat with me"
2Sa 9:10must always eat at my tableHere "my table" represents being together with David or in his presence. Eating with the king at his table was a great honor. Alternate Translation: "must always eat with me"
2Sa 9:12All who lived in the house of ZibaHere "house" represents Ziba's family. Alternate Translation: "All of Ziba's family"
2Sa 9:13he always ate at the king's tableHere "table" represents being together with David or in his presence. Eating with the king at his table was a great honor. Alternate Translation: "he always ate with the king at his table"
2Sa 9:13though he was lame in both his feetthouge both of his feet were damaged. Here "feet" represents the ability to walk. Alternate Translation: "though he was unable to walk"
2Sa 10:3in order to overthrow itHere "it" refers to the city which represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "in order to conquer us"
2Sa 10:17gathered all Israel togetherHere "Israel" represents the army of Israel. Alternate Translation: "assembled all the army of Israel together"
2Sa 11:3he asked people who would know about the womanDavid was trying to find out who the woman was. The word "he" refers to David, but is a metonym for the messenger that David sent. The messenger was to ask the people for information about her. Alternate Translation: "the messenger asked the people who knew her about who she was"
2Sa 11:4took herand he took her. Here it says that David took the woman, but it was actually the messengers whom he sent that took her and brought her to him. Alternate Translation: "they brought her to him"
2Sa 11:8wash your feetThis phrase is a metonym for returning home to rest for the night after working all day. Alternate Translation: "rest for the night"
2Sa 11:8the king sent a gift for UriahDavid sent someone to bring the gift to Uriah. This can be stated clearly. Alternate Translation: "the king sent someone to take a gift to Uriah"
2Sa 11:18Joab sent word to DavidThe phrase "sent word" means that he sent a messenger to give a report. Alternate Translation: "Joab sent a messenger to David to give a report"
2Sa 11:25for the sword devours one as well as anotherHere "the sword" refers to a person who kills someone with sword. Also, killing someone with a sword is spoken of as if the sword were "eating" the people. Alternate Translation: "for one man can be killed by a sword the same as another man" or "for any man can die in battle"
2Sa 12:7out of the hand of SaulHere the word "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "out of Saul's control" or "from Saul's control"
2Sa 12:9You have struck down Uriah the Hittite with the swordDavid did not kill Uriah himself, rather he arranged for him to be killed in battle. The phrase "with the sword" represents how Uriah died in battle. Alternate Translation: "You have arranged for Uriah the Hittite to die in battle"
2Sa 12:9You killed him with the sword of the army of AmmonDavid did not kill Uriah himself, rather he arranged for him to be killed in battle when Israel was fighting against Ammon. The phrase "with the sword" refers to how he died in battle. Alternate Translation: "You arranged for him to die in battle against the army of Ammon"
2Sa 12:10the sword will never leave your houseHere the word "sword" refers to people dying in war. Also, David's "house" refers to his descendants. Alternate Translation: "some of your descendants will always die in battle"
2Sa 12:11out of your own houseHere David's "house" refers to his family. Alternate Translation: "from among your own family"
2Sa 12:12before all IsraelThis phrase speaks of the people of Israel knowing about what has happened to his wives as if they all actually witnessed it happening. Alternate Translation: "before all the people of Israel" or "and all the people of Israel will know about it"
2Sa 12:25he sent word through Nathan the prophetHere "word" refers to a message that Yahweh told Nathan to tell David. Alternate Translation: "he sent Nathan to tell him"
2Sa 12:26RabbahFighting against this city literally means to fight against the people of Rabbah. Translate the name the same as you did in [2 Samuel 11:1](../11/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the people of Rabbah"
2Sa 12:30he brought outHere the author speaks of David when he is actually referring to David's soldiers. Alternate Translation: "they brought out"
2Sa 12:31He brought out the peopleDavid did not bring out the people himself; he commanded his soldiers to bring them out. Alternate Translation: "David commanded his soldiers to bring out the people"
2Sa 12:31all the cities of the people of AmmonThis refers to the people in the cities. Alternate Translation: "all the people of the cites of Ammon"
2Sa 13:6for my sickness in front of meThe food is not for his sickness, but rather it is for him, because he is sick. The phrase "in front of me" is a request for Tamar to prepare the food in his presence. Alternate Translation: "in front of me because I am sick"
2Sa 13:7David sent wordThis means that he sent a messenger to speak to Tamar. Alternate Translation: "David sent a messenger"
2Sa 13:30that the news came to David sayingHere it says that the news came, when really someone came and told David the news. Alternate Translation: "that someone came and reported the news to David saying"
2Sa 14:2sent word to Tekoa and had a wise woman broughtThis means that Joab sent someone with a message to Tekoa and had him bring back a woman to him. This can be written in active form. Alternate Translation: "sent someone with a message to Tokoa and had him bring a wise woman back"
2Sa 14:7neither name nor descendantThis refers to a son to carry on the family's name into the next generation. Alternate Translation: "no son to preserve our family's name"
2Sa 14:9The king and his throneHere the word "throne" refers to anyone who later becomes king in David's place. Alternate Translation: "The king and his descendants" or "The king and his family"
2Sa 14:16from the hand of the manThis phrase is an idiom. Also, "the hand" is a metonym referring to the man's control. Alternate Translation: "out of the control of the man"
2Sa 14:19Is not the hand of Joab with you in all thisHere the word "hand" refers to Joab's influence. Alternate Translation: "Has not Joab influenced you in all this" or "Did Joab send you here to speak these things"
2Sa 14:29Absalom sent word for JoabHere "word" is a metonym for "a message." This means that he sent a messenger to Joab with a request. Alternate Translation: "Absalom sent a messenger to Joab asking him"
2Sa 14:29So Absalom sent word a second timeHere "word" is a metonym for "a message." This means that he sent a messenger to Joab again with the same request. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate Translation: "So Absalom sent a messenger to Joab again with the same request"
2Sa 14:32I sent wordHere "word" is a metonym for "a message." This means that he sent a messenger. Alternate Translation: "I sent a messenger"
2Sa 15:3to hear your caseHearing a case means to listen to it and to make a judgement decision over it. Alternate Translation: "to judge your case" or "to oversee your case"
2Sa 15:10throughout all the tribes of IsraelHere the places where the tribes of Israel lived are referred to as the tribes themselves. Alternate Translation: "throughout the land of the tribes of Israel"
2Sa 15:14attack the city with the edge of the swordThe "city" is a metonym referring to the people in the city. The "edge of the sword" is a synecdoche referring to the Israelites' swords and emphasize that they killed the people in battle. Alternate Translation: "will attack the people of our city and kill them with their swords"
2Sa 15:25I find favor in the eyes of YahwehHere the "eyes of Yahweh" refer to Yahweh's thoughts and opinion. If you "find favor" with someone it means that they are pleased with you. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh is pleased with me"
2Sa 15:25where he liveswhere his presence is. The ark of the covenant symbolizes Yahweh's presence. This refers to the place where the ark is. Alternate Translation: "where it is kept"
2Sa 15:28until word comes from youThis refers to him sending a messenger to the king. Alternate Translation: "until you send a messenger to me to inform me"
2Sa 16:3house of IsraelThis refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
2Sa 16:7man of bloodHere "blood" refers to all of men he was responsible for killing in battle. Alternate Translation: "murderer"
2Sa 16:8for the blood you shed within the family of SaulHere "blood" refer to people who were killed from Saul's family. The king was responsible for them dying. Alternate Translation: "for killing many of Saul's family"
2Sa 16:8into the hand of AbsalomHere "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "into the control of Absalom"
2Sa 17:3under youThis refers to being under the king's authority. Alternate Translation: "under your authority"
2Sa 17:17When the message cameHere the "message" is spoken of as coming to them, when really it is the woman who came to then bringing the message. Alternate Translation: "When she brought them a message"
2Sa 17:21cross quickly over the waterHere "the water" refers to the Jordan River. Alternate Translation: "cross quickly over the river"
2Sa 18:1David counted the soldiers who were with him and appointedDavid did not count all of the people himself, rather other men counted them. Alternate Translation: "David commanded for the soldiers who were with him to be counted and he appointed" or "David arranged the soldiers who were with him and appointed"
2Sa 18:9his head was caught up in the tree branchesAbsalom had long hair that got caught in the tree branches. Alternate Translation: "his hair was caught in the tree branches"
2Sa 18:18to carry along the memory of my nameAbsalom uses the phrase "my name" to refer to himself and his family line. Alternate Translation: "to carry on my family name, by which people would remember me"
2Sa 18:19the hand of his enemiesHere "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "the control of his enemies"
2Sa 19:9out of the hand of our enemiesHere "hand" means control. Alternate Translation: "from under the control of our enemies" or "from our enemies' control"
2Sa 19:9out of the hand of the PhilistinesHere "hand" means control. Alternate Translation: "from under the control of the Philistines" or "from the Philistines' control"
2Sa 19:14he won the heartsHere the mens' loyalty is referred to as their "hearts." Alternate Translation: "he won the loyalty"
2Sa 19:28my father's houseThis refers to his father's relatives. Alternate Translation: "my father's relatives"
2Sa 20:6out of our sightHere David refers to his army by their sight to emphasize that Sheba and his men would be hidden and David's army would be unable to capture them. Alternate Translation: "from us"
2Sa 20:19the inheritance of YahwehHere the city is referred to as Yahweh's inheritance to emphasize that it belongs to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "a city that belongs to Yahweh"
2Sa 21:9He handed them over into the hands of the GibeonitesHere "the hands of the Gibeonites" represents the Gibeonite people's control. Alternate Translation: "He gave them to the Gibeonites"
2Sa 22:1out of the hand ofThis metonym means "out of the power of."
2Sa 22:7my call for help went into his earsHere the metonym "his ears" refers to Yahweh and his hearing of David's call for help. Alternate Translation: "he heard my prayer for help"
2Sa 22:31He is a shieldThe metaphor "a shield" emphasizes God's power to protect his people.
2Sa 22:39under my feetHere "feet" refers to the power and control of victory over his enemies.
2Sa 22:50to your nameHere the metonym "name" refers to Yahweh's reputation.
2Sa 23:2and his word was on my tongueHere "on my tongue" is a metonym for David speaking. Alternate Translation: "he gave me a message to speak"
2Sa 24:9who drew the swordThis metonym refers to the men who were ready to fight in the army.
2Sa 24:10David's heart afflicted himThe "heart" here is a metonym for David's emotions and conscience. Alternate Translation: "David felt guilty"
2Sa 24:14Let us fall into Yahweh's hands rather than into the hand of manHere "hands" refer to power or control. Alternate Translation: "Let Yahweh and not people punish us"
2Sa 24:16the angel reached out with his hand toward Jerusalem to destroy itHere the metonym "hand" stands for the angel's power. Alternate Translation: "the angel was about to destroy the people in Jerusalem"
2Sa 24:16Now draw back your handThe metonym "hand" stands for the angel's power. Alternate Translation: "Do not harm them any longer"
2Sa 24:17Please let your hand punish meHere the metonym "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "Please punish me"
2Sa 24:25on behalf of the landHere the metonym "land" stands for the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "on behalf of the people of Israel"
1Ki 1:13he will sit on my throneSitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. Alternate Translation: "he will be king just as I was"
1Ki 1:17he shall sit on my throneSitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 1:13](./13.md). Alternate Translation: "he will be king just as I was"
1Ki 1:27who should sit on the throneSitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:13](./13.md). Alternate Translation: "who would be king after him"
1Ki 1:30he will sit on my throne in my placeSitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:13](./13.md). Alternate Translation: "he will take my place and be king just as I was"
1Ki 1:37make his throne greater than the throne of my master King DavidThe word "throne" is a metonym for either 1) the person who sits on the throne. Alternate Translation: "make the one who sits on the throne greater than my master King David" or 2) the kingdom over which the one who sits on the throne rules. Alternate Translation: "make his kingdom greater than the kingdom of my master King David"
1Ki 1:46is sitting on the throne of the kingdomPossible meanings are 1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:35](./35.md). Alternate Translation: "is now king" or 2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne.
1Ki 1:48a person to sit on my throne this dayPossible meanings are 1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:35](./35.md). Alternate Translation: "a person to be king today as I was" or 2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne.
1Ki 2:4you will never cease to have a man on the throne of IsraelThe word "throne" is a metonym for the king who sits on the throne. The litotes "will never cease to have" can be stated positively. Alternate Translation: "your descendants will never cease to be kings of Israel" or "one of your descendants will always be the king of Israel"
1Ki 2:5shed the blood of war in peacePossible meanings are 1) "killed those men during a time of peace as if he were killing them in war" or 2) "took revenge on those men during a time of peace because they had killed people in war"
1Ki 2:5put the blood of war on the belt around his waist and on the shoes on his feetPossible meanings are 1) Joab was close enough to these men when he killed them that their blood spattered on his belt and on his sandals or 2) the word "blood" is a metonym for guilt of murder, and the belt and the shoes are metonyms for Joab's authority as commander, so David is saying that because Joab is guilty of murder, he should not be commander of the army. Either way, it is best to translate this literally.
1Ki 2:6do not let his gray head go down to the grave in peaceHere being old is represented by having gray hair, that is, a "gray head." Alternate Translation: "make sure Joab dies a violent death before he grows old"
1Ki 2:7let them be among those who eat at your tableThe table is a metonym for the home where the table is. Alternate Translation: "welcome them to eat at your home"
1Ki 2:9bring his gray head down to the grave with bloodBlood is a metonym for violent death, and the head is synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate Translation: "make sure he dies a violent death"
1Ki 2:12sat on the throne of his father DavidThe throne represents the authority of the king. Alternate Translation: "became king, as his father David had been"
1Ki 2:16do not turn away from my face ... he will not turn away from your faceTurning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate Translation: "do not refuse to do what I request ... he will not refuse to do what you request"
1Ki 2:17do not turn away from my face ... he will not turn away from your faceTurning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate Translation: "do not refuse to do what I request ... he will not refuse to do what you request"
1Ki 2:20you will not turn away from my face ... I will not turn away from your faceTurning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 2:16-17](./16.md). Alternate Translation: "you will not refuse to do what I request ... I will not refuse to do what you request"
1Ki 2:24set me on the throneThe word "throne" refers to Solomon's authority to rule that was given by Yahweh.
1Ki 2:24who has made me a houseHere "house" refers to descendants that Yahweh gave to King Solomon, who would continue to reign after him.
1Ki 2:28the horns of the altarThe horns of the altar symbolized Yahweh's power and protection.
1Ki 2:31bury him so that you may take away from me and from my father's house the blood that Joab shed without causeHere "house" stands for the descendants of David while "blood" represents guilt. Alternate Translation: "bury him and so remove from me and my family the guilt for the murders Joab committed without cause" or "bury him. Do that so Yahweh will not hold me and my father's house guilty because Joab murdered people for no reason"
1Ki 2:32May Yahweh return his blood on his own headThe word "his" refers to Joab. "Blood" is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom "his blood on his own head" means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate Translation: "Joab has murdered people, and I want Yahweh to hold him guilty for what he has done"
1Ki 2:33may their blood return on the head of Joab and on the head of his descendantsThe word "blood" is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom "blood return on the head of" means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate Translation: "I want Yahweh to hold Joab and his descendants guilty"
1Ki 2:33to his house, and to his throneThe words "house" and "throne" are metonyms for the family and the kingdom. Alternate Translation: "to David's descendants and to David's kingdom"
1Ki 2:34in his own houseThe house is a metonym for the land on which the house stood. The Israelites buried people out of doors in graves or tombs. Alternate Translation: "where his family lived"
1Ki 2:37Your blood will be on your own headHere "blood" is a metonym for guilt and the head is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "You will be responsible for your own death"
1Ki 2:45the throne of David will be established before Yahweh foreverHere "throne of David" represents the authority and rule of David and all his descendants forever.
1Ki 2:46in Solomon's handThis use of "hand" represents Solomon's power and authority.
1Ki 3:2for the name of YahwehThe word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for the name" refers to worshiping the person. Alternate Translation: "in which people would worship Yahweh"
1Ki 3:6to sit on his throneSitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "to rule in his place"
1Ki 3:11the life of your enemiesThe "life" is a metonym for the power to kill. Alternate Translation: "the power to kill your enemies"
1Ki 3:12I give you a wise and an understanding heartThe heart is a metonym for what a person thinks and desires. Alternate Translation: "I make you able to be wise and to understand many things"
1Ki 4:25Judah and IsraelThe words "Judah" and "Israel" are metonyms for the people of Judah and Israel.
1Ki 5:3for the name of YahwehThe word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for the name" refers to worshiping the person.See how you translated this in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "in which people would worship Yahweh"
1Ki 5:5for the name of Yahweh my God ... for my nameThe word "name" is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "where Yahweh my God will live ... where I will live"
1Ki 5:5set on your throne in your placeHere "throne" refers to ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "make to be the king after you"
1Ki 6:1Solomon began to buildSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "Solomon commanded his workers to begin building"
1Ki 6:4he made windowsSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "they made windows"
1Ki 6:5he built ... he madeSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "they built ... they made"
1Ki 6:6he built ... he madeSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "they built ... they made"
1Ki 6:9Solomon built ... he covered ... He builtSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers built ... they covered ... They built"
1Ki 6:10Solomon built ... he covered ... He builtSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers built ... they covered ... They built"
1Ki 6:10inner chambersThis phrase is a metonym for the walls that enclosed the chambers. Alternate Translation: "exterior walls that enclosed the inner chambers"
1Ki 6:12which you are buildingSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "which you are having your workers build"
1Ki 6:14Solomon ... he built ... he covered them ... he covered the floorSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers ... they built ... they covered them ... they covered the floor"
1Ki 6:15Solomon ... he built ... he covered them ... he covered the floorSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers ... they built ... they covered them ... they covered the floor"
1Ki 6:16He built twenty cubits ... He built this roomSolomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "He commanded them to build twenty cubits ... He had them build this room"
1Ki 6:19Solomon prepared ... Solomon overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They prepared ... They overlaid"
1Ki 6:20Solomon prepared ... Solomon overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They prepared ... They overlaid"
1Ki 6:21Solomon overlaid ... he placed ... He overlaid ... He also overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They overlaid ... they placed ... They overlaid ... They also overlaid"
1Ki 6:22Solomon overlaid ... he placed ... He overlaid ... He also overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They overlaid ... they placed ... They overlaid ... They also overlaid"
1Ki 6:23Solomon madeSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon commanded them to make"
1Ki 6:27Solomon placed ... Solomon overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They placed ... They overlaid"
1Ki 6:28Solomon placed ... Solomon overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They placed ... They overlaid"
1Ki 6:29He carved ... Solomon overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "He commanded them to carve ... He had them overlay"
1Ki 6:30He carved ... Solomon overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "He commanded them to carve ... He had them overlay"
1Ki 6:31Solomon made ... he made ... he made ... He overlaid ... he spreadSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They made ... they made ... they made ... They overlaid ... they spread"
1Ki 6:32Solomon made ... he made ... he made ... He overlaid ... he spreadSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They made ... they made ... they made ... They overlaid ... they spread"
1Ki 6:33Solomon also made ... He carved ... he evenly overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They also made ... They carved ... they evenly overlaid"
1Ki 6:35Solomon also made ... He carved ... he evenly overlaidSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They also made ... They carved ... they evenly overlaid"
1Ki 6:36He built the inner courtyardSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They built the inner courtyard"
1Ki 6:38Solomon tookSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "It took Solomon's workers"
1Ki 7:1Solomon took ... He builtSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "It took Solomon's workers ... He commanded them to build"
1Ki 7:2Solomon took ... He builtSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "It took Solomon's workers ... He commanded them to build"
1Ki 7:7Solomon builtSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon had them build"
1Ki 7:8He also builtSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "He also commanded them to build"
1Ki 7:18Huram madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Huram commanded his workers to make"
1Ki 7:21He raised upHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They raised up"
1Ki 7:23Huram madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Huram also commanded them to make"
1Ki 7:27Huram madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Huram also commanded them to make" or "They also made"
1Ki 7:36Huram engraved ... He madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "they engraved ... He commanded them to make"
1Ki 7:37Huram engraved ... He madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "they engraved ... He commanded them to make"
1Ki 7:38Huram made ten ... He made five ... He setHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Huram had them make ten ... Human had them make five ... Huram commanded them to set"
1Ki 7:39Huram made ten ... He made five ... He setHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Huram had them make ten ... Human had them make five ... Huram commanded them to set"
1Ki 7:40Huram made ... he finishedHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Huram had them make ... they finished"
1Ki 7:42He madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They made"
1Ki 7:44He made ... Huram madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They made ... They made"
1Ki 7:45He made ... Huram madeHuram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They made ... They made"
1Ki 7:46The king had cast them ... Solomon did not weighSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "The king had his workers cast them ... Solomon did not have them weigh"
1Ki 7:47The king had cast them ... Solomon did not weighSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "The king had his workers cast them ... Solomon did not have them weigh"
1Ki 7:48Solomon had madeSolomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers had made"
1Ki 8:15with his own handsThe hand is a metonym for the power in the hand. Alternate Translation: "by his own power"
1Ki 8:16in order for my name to beThe word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "so that people would worship me"
1Ki 8:17for the name of Yahweh ... for my nameThe word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "in which people would worship Yahweh ... in which people will worship me"
1Ki 8:18for the name of Yahweh ... for my nameThe word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "in which people would worship Yahweh ... in which people will worship me"
1Ki 8:20I sit on the throne of IsraelThe throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate Translation: "I rule over Israel"
1Ki 8:20for the name of YahwehThe word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "in which people will worship Yahweh"
1Ki 8:21is Yahweh's covenant, whichThe stone tablets on which Yahweh had written the terms of the covenant are spoken of as if they were the covenant itself. Alternate Translation: "are the tablets on which Yahweh wrote the terms of the covenant that"
1Ki 8:24fulfilled it with your handThe hand is a metonym for the power of the hand. Alternate Translation: "by your power fulfilled what you said"
1Ki 8:25to sit on the throne of IsraelThe throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate Translation: "to rule over Israel"
1Ki 8:29May your eyes be open towardThe eye is a metonym for what the eye does. Alternate Translation: "May you watch over"
1Ki 8:44for your nameThe word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "in which people will worship you"
1Ki 8:48for your nameThe word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "in which people will worship you"
1Ki 8:58incline our hearts to himHere their "hearts" refer to the people's desires and emotions. Desiring to please someone is spoken of as inclining the heart toward that person. Alternate Translation: "make us want to please him"
1Ki 9:3to put my name there foreverThe name is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "to dwell there and to claim possession of it forever"
1Ki 9:5the throne of your kingdomHere "throne" refers to his reign. Alternate Translation: "your dynasty" or "your reign"
1Ki 9:5will never fail to be on the throne of IsraelThe action of ruling a kingdom is spoken of as if it were a person sitting on a throne. This can be expressed positively. Alternate Translation: "will always rule over Israel"
1Ki 9:7set apart to my nameHere the word "name" is a metonym for the person who possesses something. Alternate Translation: "set apart for myself"
1Ki 9:16Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone upThe person is a metonym for the army he commands. Alternate Translation: "The army of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, had gone up"
1Ki 9:25So he completed the templeSolomon is a metonym for the workers he hired to do the work. Alternate Translation: "So his workers completed the temple"
1Ki 10:1Solomon's fame concerning the name of YahwehHere Yahweh is represented by his "name." Possible meanings are 1) Alternate Translation: "Solomon's fame, which glorified Yahweh" or 2) Alternate Translation: "Solomon's fame, which Yahweh had given him"
1Ki 10:7my eyes have seen itThe phrase "my eyes" emphasizes that she herself saw it. Alternate Translation: "I have seen it for myself"
1Ki 10:9who placed you on the throne of IsraelThe throne is a metonym for the king who sits on it. Alternate Translation: "who made you king of Israel"
1Ki 10:24sought the presence of SolomonThe presence of the person is a metonym for being able to speak and listen to the person. Alternate Translation: "sought an audience with Solomon" or "wanted to visit Solomon"
1Ki 10:24to hear his wisdom, which God had put in his heartThe heart is a metonym for what a person thinks and is spoken of as if it were a container. The abstract noun "wisdom" is spoken of as if it were an object that could be put in a container and can be translated as an adjective. It can be a metonym for either the person or the words the person speaks. Alternate Translation: "to hear his wisdom, which God had given him" or "to hear how wise God had enabled him to be" or "to hear him speak the wise words that God had enabled him to speak"
1Ki 11:2turn your heart to their godsTo "turn someone's heart" is to convince that person to change his affection. Alternate Translation: "persuade you to worship the gods that they worship"
1Ki 11:3his heart was not fully surrendered ... as was the heart of DavidTo "surrender" your heart refers to giving total allegiance and affection. Alternate Translation: "he was not fully devoted ... as was David"
1Ki 11:4his heart was not fully surrendered ... as was the heart of DavidTo "surrender" your heart refers to giving total allegiance and affection. Alternate Translation: "he was not fully devoted ... as was David"
1Ki 11:12the hand of your sonThe word "hand" refers to control, authority and power. Alternate Translation: "your son's control"
1Ki 11:26lifted up his hand against the kingThe word "hand" refers to authority, power and control. The phrase "lifted up against" refers to having opposed someone by using authority, power and control. This is a metonym used as a common idiom. Alternate Translation: "rebelled against the king"
1Ki 11:28all the laborThe word "labor" refers to the work that Solomon commanded the people to do for his government. This is a metonym.
1Ki 11:28the house of JosephThis refers to the descendants of Joseph who were the people groups of Ephraim and Manasseh. This is a metonym.
1Ki 11:31the hand of SolomonHere "hand" is a metonym that refers to a person's authority, control and power. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's control"
1Ki 11:32Solomon will haveThe name "Solomon" here is a metonym referring to his descendants. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's sons will have" or "Solomon's descendants will have"
1Ki 11:33what is right in my eyesEyes here is a metonym for someone's opinion or idea. This is a commonly used idiom. Alternate Translation: "what I consider to be right"
1Ki 11:34out of Solomon's handHere the word "hand" is a metonym that refers to a person's authority, control and power. Alternate Translation: "out of Solomon's control"
1Ki 11:36may always have a lamp before meThe word "lamp" is a metonym that refers to a person's influence and guidance. Alternate Translation: "will always have a descendant to rule as an influence and a guide for obeying my covenant with David's family"
1Ki 11:38what is right in my eyesThe word "eyes" here is a metonym for someone's opinion or idea. This is a commonly used idiom. See how you translated this phrase in [1 Kings 11:33](./31.md).
1Ki 12:16We have no inheritance in the son of JesseSon of Jesse here is a metonym for David, a son of Jesse. "Inheritance" is a metonym for the part left for these people from David's successes. Alternate Translation: "We will have nothing to do with the descendants of Jesse"
1Ki 12:16Go to your tents, IsraelTents here is a metonym representing a person's place of residence. Alternate Translation: "Go to your homes, people of Israel"
1Ki 12:16Now see to your own house, DavidHouse here is a metonym for David's lineage of power and prestige. Alternate Translation: "Now take care of your own kingdom, descendant of David"
1Ki 12:18all IsraelHere "Israel" is a metonym for the people of Israel. "All Israel" is a generalization which means almost all the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Israel who were there"
1Ki 12:19the house of DavidHere "house" is a metonym that represents family or descendants. Alternate Translation: "the kings descended from David"
1Ki 12:21all the house of Judah and the tribe of BenjaminHere "house" is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants. And, here "tribe" refers specifically to the soldiers from those tribes. Alternate Translation: "all the soldiers from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin"
1Ki 12:21the house of IsraelHere "house" represents the kingdom made up of the 10 northern tribes of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of the northern tribes of Israel"
1Ki 12:23all the house of Judah and BenjaminHere "house" is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants. Alternate Translation: "all the people from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin"
1Ki 12:26thought in his heartHeart here is a metonym for a person's inner consciousness, thoughts, motivation, or feelings. Alternate Translation: "thought to himself"
1Ki 12:26the house of DavidHere "house" is a metonym representing family or descendants. Alternate Translation: "the kings descended from David"
1Ki 12:27the heart of these peopleHeart here is a metonym for the people's allegiance and affection. Alternate Translation: "the allegiance of these people"
1Ki 12:28brought you upYou here is a metonym for the ancestors of the people. Alternate Translation: "brought your ancestors up"
1Ki 12:31Jeroboam made houses on high placesThe workers who did this at Jeroboam's commands are represented by the metonym of the name of Jeroboam himself. Alternate Translation: "Jeroboam's workers made houses on high places"
1Ki 13:2a son named Josiah will be born to the family of DavidHere the "family of David" refers to the descendants of David. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "a descendant of David will have a son named Josiah"
1Ki 14:8with all his heartHere the "heart" refers to a person's will and desire. Alternate Translation: "with all his will" or "with complete commitment"
1Ki 14:13out of Jeroboam's houseThe word "house" here is a metonym for "family." Alternate Translation: "in all of Jeroboam's family"
1Ki 14:21in which to put his nameHere "put his name" is a metonym for "dwell" and refers to the temple where Yahweh was to be worshiped. Alternate Translation: "in which to dwell" or "in which to be worshiped"
1Ki 14:22Judah didHere "Judah" represents the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "The people of Judah did"
1Ki 14:23built for themselvesThe words "for themselves" are a metonym for what they will do with the high places. Alternate Translation: "built for their own use"
1Ki 14:24the same despicable practices as the nations thatHere the word "nations" represents the people in those nations. Alternate Translation: "the same disgusting things that the people did, whom"
1Ki 14:26that Solomon had madeHere "Solomon" refers to the craftsmen who worked for Solomon to make the shields. Alternate Translation: "that Solomon had his workers make"
1Ki 14:27King Rehoboam made shieldsHere "King Rehoboam" represents the persons who worked for him to make the shields. Alternate Translation: "King Rehoboam's workers made shields"
1Ki 14:27entrusted them into the hands of the commandersHere "hands" represents care or responsibility. Alternate Translation: "made them the responsibility of the commanders"
1Ki 14:27who guarded the doors to the king's houseHere "doors" represents the entrance. Alternate Translation: "who guarded the entrance to the king's house"
1Ki 15:13Asa cut down the disgusting figureSince Asa was king, he may have told his officials to cut down the figure. Alternate Translation: "Asa caused the disgusting figure to be cut down" or "Asa made them cut down the disgusting figure"
1Ki 15:18He put it into the hands of his servantsPutting things in their hands represents giving those things to them. It is implied that they would do with it what he wanted them to do. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate Translation: "He entrusted it to his servants"
1Ki 15:18He saidThis means he spoke by means of his servants. Asa told his servants what to say to Ben Hadad and they did. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate Translation: "Asa told his servants to say to Ben Hadad" or "Through his servants, Asa said to Ben Hadad"
1Ki 15:21he stopped building up RamahKing Baasha did this by telling his workers to do this. Alternate Translation: "he had his workers stop building up Ramah"
1Ki 15:29He left none of Jeroboam's descendants breathingBreathing represents being alive. Alternate Translation: "He left none of Jeroboam's descendants living"
1Ki 16:9captain of half his chariotsThe word "chariots" here represents the soldiers who drove the chariots. Alternate Translation: "captain of half his chariot drivers"
1Ki 16:24He built a cityThe word "He" refers to Omri. He commanded people to build the city. Alternate Translation: "Omri had his people build a city" or "Omri commanded and his workers built a city"
1Ki 16:34which he spoke by Joshua son of NunSpeaking "by" someone represents both telling someone to speak and the person doing it. Alternate Translation: "which Yahweh caused Joshua son of Nun to speak"
1Ki 17:5as the word of Yahweh commandedHere "the word" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "as Yahweh commanded"
1Ki 17:16just as the word of Yahweh had saidHere "word" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "just as Yahweh had said"
1Ki 17:22Yahweh listened to the voice of ElijahHere "voice" represents what Elijah prayed. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh answered Elijah's prayer"
1Ki 17:24the word of Yahweh in your mouth is truethe message of Yahweh in your mouth is true. The word "mouth" represents what Elijah said. Alternate Translation: "the message that you spoke from Yahweh is true"
1Ki 18:9give your servant into the hand of AhabHand is metonymy for power and control. Alternate Translation: "deliver your servant to Ahab"
1Ki 18:24call on the name of your god ... call on the name of YahwehName is metonymy for the reputation and honor of someone and "calling on" him represents an appeal. Alternate Translation: "call to your god ... call to Yahweh"
1Ki 18:32in the name of YahwehName here is a metonym for honor and reputation. Possible meanings are 1) "to honor Yahweh" or 2) "with the authority of Yahweh."
1Ki 18:37turned their heart back again to yourselfThe people's "heart" is a metonym for the affection and loyalty of the people. Alternate Translation: "caused them to be loyal to you again"
1Ki 18:46the hand of Yahweh was on ElijahHere the word "hand" is a metonym for strength. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh gave his power to Elijah"
1Ki 19:17whoever escapes from the sword of HazaelSword is metonymy for for killing as in battle. Alternate Translation: "whomever Hazael does not kill with the sword"
1Ki 19:18whose knees have not bent down to Baal, and whose mouths have not kissed himBending down and "kissing" are metonymies for actions people did to worship idols. They are combined for emphasis. Alternate Translation: "who have not bowed down and kissed Baal" or "who have not worshiped Baal"
1Ki 20:7of the landThe land represents all the people living there. Alternate Translation: "of the people of Israel"
1Ki 20:13place it into your handHere the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "give you victory over that army"
1Ki 20:22strengthen yourselfYourself represents by metonymy the army of the king. Alternate Translation: "strengthen your forces"
1Ki 20:28place this great army into your handHere the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "give you victory over this great army"
1Ki 20:33for any sign from AhabSign is metonymy for an action that gives a meaning. Alternate Translation: "for any action from Ahab that would show them that Ahab wanted to be merciful"
1Ki 20:36you have not obeyed the voice of YahwehThe voice is metonymy for what Yahweh commanded. Alternate Translation: "you have not obeyed Yahweh"
1Ki 20:42let go from your handHere the word "hand" is metonymy for power. Alternate Translation: "released" or "spared the life of"
1Ki 21:8wrote letters in Ahab's namePossible meanings are 1) she wrote Ahab's name on the letters. Alternate Translation: "wrote letters and signed them with Ahab's name" or 2) the word "name" is a metonym for authority. Alternate Translation: "wrote letters on behalf of Ahab"
1Ki 22:3to take it from the hand of the king of AramHere the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "to take it from the control of the king of Aram"
1Ki 22:6for the Lord will give it into the hand of the kingHere the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "for the Lord will allow the king to capture Ramoth Gilead"
1Ki 22:12given it into the hand of the kingHere the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "allowed the king to capture it"
1Ki 22:15will give it into the hand of the kingHere the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "will allow the king to capture it"
1Ki 22:16in the name of YahwehHere the word "name" refers to authority. Alternate Translation: "as the representative of Yahweh"
1Ki 22:22be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophetsHere the word "spirit" refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words "the mouth" represents what they will say. Alternate Translation: "cause all his prophets to speak lies"
1Ki 22:23has put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these prophets of yoursHere the word "spirit" refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words "the mouth" represents what they will say. Alternate Translation: "has caused all of your prophets to speak lies"
1Ki 22:36a cry went upHere "a cry" represents the soldiers who were shouting. Alternate Translation: "soldiers began to shout"
1Ki 22:38just as the word of Yahweh had declaredHere "the word of Yahweh" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "just as Yahweh had declared"
2Ki 2:9a double portion of your spiritHere Elijah's spirit refers to his spiritual power. Alternate Translation: "twice as much of your spiritual power"
2Ki 2:15The spirit of Elijah does rest on ElishaHere Elijah's "spirit" refers to his spiritual power. This speaks of Elisha having this spiritual power as if it were something that physically rested upon him. Alternate Translation: "Elisha does have the same spiritual power that Elijah did" or "The spiritual power Elijah had is now with Elisha"
2Ki 3:13to give them into the hand of MoabHere the "hand of Moab" refers the Moab's "control." Alternate Translation: "to give them over to the control of Moab" or "to allow them to be captured by the Moabite army"
2Ki 3:14I honor the presence of JehoshaphatHere Jehoshaphat is referred to by his presence. Alternate Translation: "I honor Jehoshaphat"
2Ki 3:15the hand of Yahweh came upon ElishaHere Yahweh's "hand" refers to his "power." Alternate Translation: "the power of Yahweh came upon Elisha"
2Ki 3:21all who were able to put on armorHere "armor" represents ability to fight. Alternate Translation: "all the men who could fight"
2Ki 4:15the doorThis refers to the doorway. Alternate Translation: "the doorway"
2Ki 4:24she saddled a donkeyThe woman did not saddle the donkey, rather the servant would have saddled it for her. Alternate Translation: "she had her servant saddle a donkey"
2Ki 4:40there is death in the potThis means that there was something in the pot that could kill them, not that there is something dead in the pot. Alternate Translation: "there is something in the pot that will kill us"
2Ki 4:44the word of YahwehHere Yahweh is referred to by what he said. This phrase is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh"
2Ki 5:1in his master's viewsight. The king's "view" represents what he thinks about something. Alternate Translation: "in the king's opinion"
2Ki 5:11the name of YahwehHere Yahweh is referred to by his name. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh"
2Ki 6:13I may send men and capture himThe king plans to send the men to capture Elisha for him. The king does not plan to capture him himself. Alternate Translation: "I may send men to capture him"
2Ki 6:17around ElishaThis refers to the city where Elisha is. Alternate Translation: "around the city where Elisha was"
2Ki 6:21should I kill them? Should I kill them?Here the king of Israel is referring to his army as himself. Alternate Translation: "Should I order my army to kill these enemy soldiers?"
2Ki 6:23So the king prepared much food for themThe king ordered his servants to prepare the food. He did not prepare the food himself. Alternate Translation: "Then the king ordered his servants to prepare a lot of food for them"
2Ki 6:30heard the words of the womanThe words "the words" are a metonym for what the woman said. Alternate Translation: "heard the woman tell what she and the other woman had done"
2Ki 7:9tell the king's householdHere the word "household" represents the people who live in the king's palace. Alternate Translation: "tell the king and his people"
2Ki 7:16just as the word of Yahweh had saidHere "word" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "just as Yahweh had said"
2Ki 8:6all the harvests of her fieldsThis metonym refers to the amount of money that the harvests of her fields were worth while she was away. Alternate Translation: "all the profit from the harvests of her fields"
2Ki 8:10You will set ... you will killThe word "you" represents Hazel but here refers to his soldiers and not to Hazael personally. Alternate Translation: "You soldiers will set ... your soldiers will kill"
2Ki 8:12You will set ... you will killThe word "you" represents Hazel but here refers to his soldiers and not to Hazael personally. Alternate Translation: "You soldiers will set ... your soldiers will kill"
2Ki 8:12kill their young men with the swordThis means that the men will be killed in battle. The sword was the main weapon used in battle. Alternate Translation: "kill their young men in battle"
2Ki 8:18as the house of Ahab was doingHere the "house" of Ahab refers to the members of Ahab's family and his recent descendants. Ahab is Jehoram father-in-law. Alternate Translation: "the same as the rest of the family of Ahab was doing"
2Ki 8:19destroy JudahHere "Judah" is a metonym for the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "destroy the people of Judah"
2Ki 8:20the hand of JudahHere the word "hand" refers to the control of Judah, and "Judah" refers specifically to the king of Judah. Alternate Translation: "the control of the king of Judah"
2Ki 8:22the rule of JudahHere "Judah" refers to the king of Judah. Alternate Translation: "the rule of the king of Judah" or "the authority of the king of Judah"
2Ki 8:27the house of AhabHere the "house" of Ahab refers to his family. Alternate Translation: "the family of Ahab"
2Ki 9:7I may avenge the blood of my servants the prophets, and the blood of all the servants of YahwehHere the "blood" of the prophets and the servants refers to their deaths. Alternate Translation: "I may avenge the deaths of my servants the prophets and all the servants of Yahweh" or "so that I may punish them for murdering my servants the prophets and all the servants of Yahweh"
2Ki 9:7by the hand of JezebelThis means that Jezebel commanded the people to be killed. Alternate Translation: "by an order from Jezebel" or "by Jezebel's command"
2Ki 9:9the house ofThis phrase is used in this verse three times. Each time, the word "house" refers to the "family" of the man specified. Alternate Translation: "the family of"
2Ki 10:1Jehu wrote letters and sent them to SamariaThis means that Jehu sent a messenger to deliver the letters. Alternate Translation: "Jehu wrote letters and sent a messenger to deliver them in Samaria"
2Ki 10:3set him on his father's throneHere, sitting on the king's throne means to be appointed as king. Alternate Translation: "make him king in his father's place"
2Ki 10:6to my voiceHere Jehu's "voice" refer to what he says. Alternate Translation: "to what I say"
2Ki 10:7sent them to JehuThis means that they sent people to deliver the baskets to Jehu. Alternate Translation: "sent people to take them to Jehu"
2Ki 10:11So Jehu killed all ... and his priestsJehu did not kill all of these people personally, rather he commanded for them to be killed. Alternate Translation: "So Jehu commanded for all ... to be killed" or "So Jehu commanded for all ... to die"
2Ki 10:15Is your heart with me, as my heart is with yours? ... "It is."Here a person's "heart" refers to their loyality. If a person's loyalty is "with someone," it means that they are loyal to that person. Alternate Translation: "Will you be loyal to me, as I will be loyal to you? ... 'I will.'"
2Ki 10:24If any of the men whom I bring into your hands escapesHere the "hands" of the men refer to their "control." By being stationed around the temple they were in control of the situation and it was up to them whether people were able to escape or not. Alternate Translation: "If any of these men that I brought into your control escapes" or "If any of the men that are inside gets away"
2Ki 10:24for the life of the onein exchange for the life of the man. Here this man is referred to by his "life" to emphasize that he did not die. Alternate Translation: "for the man"
2Ki 10:30the house of AhabHere Ahab's "house" refers to his "family." Alternate Translation: "the family of Ahab"
2Ki 10:30all that was in my heartHere the "heart" represents "desire." Alternate Translation: "all that I desired for you to do" or "all that I wanted you to do"
2Ki 10:30sit on the throneSitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "be the kings"
2Ki 10:31with all his heartHere the "heart" refers to a person's will and desire. Alternate Translation: "in everything that he did" or "with all of his will"
2Ki 11:3landThis is a metonym for the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "people of Judah"
2Ki 13:3gave them continually into the hand of Hazael king of Aram and into the hand of Ben Hadad son of HazaelHere "them" refers to Israel and "hand" refers to the power to control them. Alternate Translation: "allowed Hazael the king of Aram, and Ben Hadad, his son, to repeatedly defeat the Israelites in battle"
2Ki 13:5they escaped from the hand of the ArameansHere "hand" refers to the power to control them. Alternate Translation: "he enabled them to be free from Aram's power"
2Ki 13:12his might by which he fought against Amaziah king of JudahHere the strength of Jehoash's army is spoken of as Jehoash's "might." Alternate Translation: "the power that his army showed when they fought against the army of Amaziah king of Judah"
2Ki 13:13Jeroboam sat on his throneHere "sat on his throne" refers to ruling as king. At: "Jeroboam became king after him" or "Jeroboam began to rule after him"
2Ki 14:11But Amaziah would not listenHere "listen" refers to obeying the warning. Alternate Translation: "However, Amaziah would not obey Jehoash's warning"
2Ki 14:25He restored the borderThis means his army restored the land up to the border. Alternate Translation: "His soldiers conquered again some of the territory that had previously belonged to Israel"
2Ki 14:27the name of IsraelHere "the name of Israel" represents all of Israel and its inhabitants. Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people"
2Ki 14:27he saved them by the hand of Jeroboam son of JehoashHere "hand" is a metonym for power. Also, "Jehoash" is a synecdoche representing Jehoash and his army. Alternate Translation: "he enabled King Jeroboam and his army to rescue them"
2Ki 15:9who had caused Israel to sinHere the word "Israel" represents the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "who had caused the people of Israel to sin"
2Ki 15:12Your descendants will sit on the throne of Israel to the fourth generationSitting on the throne represents being the king. Alternate Translation: "Your descendants will be the kings of Israel for four generations"
2Ki 15:18who had caused Israel to sinHere the word "Israel" represents the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "who had caused the people of Israel to sin"
2Ki 15:24he had caused Israel to sinHere the word "Israel" represents the people of the kingdom of Israel.
2Ki 15:35Jotham built the upper gateJotham built represents Jotham making his workers build it. Alternate Translation: "Jotham had his workers build the upper gate"
2Ki 16:3the nationsThe word "nations" represents the people of other nations. Here it refers to the people of the nations who had lived in that land. Alternate Translation: "the people of other nations"
2Ki 16:6recovered Elath for AramHere "Aram" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "took back control of the city of Elath for the people of Aram"
2Ki 16:7from the hand of the king of Aram and from the hand of the king of IsraelThe hand is a metonym that represents power. Alternate Translation: "from the power of the king of Aram and from the power of the king of Israel"
2Ki 17:6carried Israel away to AssyriaThe name "Israel" is metonymy for the people living there. Alternate Translation: "took the Israelite people to Assyria"
2Ki 17:7the hand ofHand is metonymy for control, authority or power. Alternate Translation: "the control of"
2Ki 17:18removed them out of his sightSight is metonymy for being within the attention of Yahweh so he no longer cared for them. Alternate Translation: "removed them from his attention"
2Ki 17:19JudahThe location "Judah" is metonymy for the people that live there. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah"
2Ki 17:20gave them into the hand of those who would take the possession as spoilHand is metonymy for control, power or authority. Alternate Translation: "handed them over to those who robbed them of their property"
2Ki 17:36with great power and a raised armThe phrase "raised arm" is metonymy for displaying power and means basically the same thing as "great power." Alternate Translation: "with very great power"
2Ki 18:12the voice of YahwehVoice is metonymy for the message about the command of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "the command of Yahweh"
2Ki 18:26in the ears of the people who are on the wallIn the ears is metonymy for being able to listen. Alternate Translation: "because the people standing on the city wall will hear it and be afraid"
2Ki 18:29from my powermy power is metonymy for the ability of the king himself. Alternate Translation: "from me" or "from the power of my army"
2Ki 18:30the handHand is metonymy for control, authority and power.
2Ki 18:34out of my handHand is metonymy for control, power, or authority. Alternate Translation: "out from my control"
2Ki 18:35from my powerMy power is metonymy for the person whose has the power. Alternate Translation: "from me"
2Ki 19:7I will cause him to fall by the swordFall by the sword is metonymy for being killed. Alternate Translation: "I will cause him to die by the sword" or "I will cause some men to kill him with a sword"
2Ki 19:10the hand of the king of AssyriaHand is metonymy for control, authority or power. Alternate Translation: "the control of the government of Assyria"
2Ki 19:22lifted up your eyes in pridelifted up your eyes in pride is metonymy for a haughty or arrogant facial expression. Alternate Translation: "looked at very proudly"
2Ki 19:28because your arrogance has reached my earsEars are metonymy for listening or hearing. Alternate Translation: "because I have heard your proud words"
2Ki 19:32nor shoot an arrow hereArrow is metonymy representing all tools of warfare and destruction. Alternate Translation: "nor do any fighting here"
2Ki 20:1Set your house in orderHouse is metonymy for what was under Hezekiah's control. Alternate Translation: "Give final instructions to your household and government"
2Ki 20:4the word of Yahweh cameWord represents the message Yahweh revealed to Isaiah. This is a common way of speaking, an idiom. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh spoke his word"
2Ki 20:6from the hand of the king of AssyriaHand is metonymy for power, authority and control. Alternate Translation: "from the control of the king of Assyria"
2Ki 21:3he rebuilt the high places ... he built altars for Baal, made an Asherah poleManasseh would have commanded his workers to do the building for him. Alternate Translation: "he had the high places rebuilt ... he had altars built for Baal, had an Asherah pole made" or "he had his workers rebuild the high places ... he had them build altars for Baal, make an Asherah pole"
2Ki 21:4It is in Jerusalem that my name will be foreverThe name is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "Jerusalem is where I will forever make known who I am"
2Ki 21:7that he had madeManasseh probably did not do the work. His servants would have done the work. Alternate Translation: "that Manasseh had ordered his servants to make"
2Ki 21:7that I will put my name foreverHere Yahweh putting his "name" on the temple represents him designating it as the place to worship him. Alternate Translation: "where I want people to worship me forever"
2Ki 21:9even more than the nations that Yahweh had destroyed before the people of IsraelHere "nations" refers to the people who had lived in the land of Canaan before the Israelites had arrived. Alternate Translation: "even more than the people whom Yahweh had destroyed as the people of Israel advanced through the land"
2Ki 21:12whoever hears of it, both his ears will tingleThe physical feeling is a metonym for the emotional feeling that causes it. Alternate Translation: "those who hear what Yahweh does, will be shocked"
2Ki 21:13against SamariaSamaria is the capital city and it represents all the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "against the people of Israel"
2Ki 21:13the house of AhabHere "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "the family of Ahab"
2Ki 21:16Manasseh shed much innocent bloodThe words "shed much innocent blood" are a metonym for killing people violently. It might be best to translate this so the reader understands that other people helped Manasseh do this. Alternate Translation: "Manasseh ordered his soldiers to kill many innocent people"
2Ki 22:2He did what was right in the eyes of YahwehHere "eyes" represents Yahweh's thoughts or what he considered about something. Alternate Translation: "He did what Yahweh considered to be right" or "He did what was right according to Yahweh"
2Ki 22:11had heard the words of the lawHere "words" represents the message of the law. Alternate Translation: "had heard the laws that were written in the book" or "had heard the laws that were written in the scroll"
2Ki 22:17this placeHere "place" represents the people who live in Jerusalem and Judah. Alternate Translation: "these people"
2Ki 22:18About the words that you heardHere "words" represents the message that Huldah just spoke. Alternate Translation: "About the message that you heard"
2Ki 22:19because your heart was tenderHere "heart" represents a person's inner being. Feeling sorry is spoken of as if the heart were tender. Alternate Translation: "because you felt sorry" or "because you repented"
2Ki 22:20Your eyes will not seeHere "will not see" represents not experiencing something. Alternate Translation: "You will not experience"
2Ki 23:4He burned ... and carried ... He got ridThe word "he" refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "he had them burn them ... and carry them ... He had them get rid"
2Ki 23:5He burned ... and carried ... He got ridThe word "he" refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "he had them burn them ... and carry them ... He had them get rid"
2Ki 23:6He brought out ... and burned it ... He beat it ... and threw ... He clearedThe word "he" refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "He had them bring out ... and burn it ... He had them beat it ... and throw ... He had them clear"
2Ki 23:7He brought out ... and burned it ... He beat it ... and threw ... He clearedThe word "he" refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "He had them bring out ... and burn it ... He had them beat it ... and throw ... He had them clear"
2Ki 23:8Josiah brought ... and defiled ... He destroyedJosiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "He commanded them to bring ... and to defile ... He had them destroy"
2Ki 23:11had given to the sunHere "given" represents being dedicated for worship. Alternate Translation: "had used to worship the sun"
2Ki 23:12Josiah the king destroyed ... Josiah smashed ... The king ruined ... He broke ... he filledJosiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "Josiah the king commanded them to destroy ... They smashed ... He had them ruin ... He had them break ... they filled"
2Ki 23:13Josiah the king destroyed ... Josiah smashed ... The king ruined ... He broke ... he filledJosiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "Josiah the king commanded them to destroy ... They smashed ... He had them ruin ... He had them break ... they filled"
2Ki 23:14Josiah the king destroyed ... Josiah smashed ... The king ruined ... He broke ... he filledJosiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "Josiah the king commanded them to destroy ... They smashed ... He had them ruin ... He had them break ... they filled"
2Ki 23:22ruled IsraelThe name "Israel" is a metonym for "the descendants of Israel."
2Ki 23:27My name will be thereThe name is a metonym for the honor that people should give to the person. Alternate Translation: "People should worship me there"
2Ki 23:33put him in chainsBeing put "in chains" represents being captured and imprisoned. Alternate Translation: "put him in prison"
2Ki 24:3at the mouth of YahwehHere "mouth" represents Yahweh's command. Alternate Translation: "as Yahweh had commanded"
2Ki 24:4innocent blood that he shedBlood is a metonym for innocent life, and shedding blood is a metonym for killing innocent people. Alternate Translation: "innocent people whom he killed"
2Ki 24:4he filled Jerusalem with innocent bloodBlood is a metonym for innocent life, and shedding blood is a metonym for killing innocent people. Alternate Translation: "he killed many innocent people in Jerusalem"
2Ki 24:14He took into exile all JerusalemHere "Jerusalem" is a metonym for the people who lived there. And, "all" is a generalization. It means all the most important people Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar took all the important people away from Jerusalem"
2Ki 25:1came with all his army against JerusalemThe name "Jerusalem" is a metonym for the people who lived in it. Alternate Translation: "came with his whole army to fight against the people of Jerusalem" or "came with his whole army to conquer Jerusalem"
2Ki 25:21Judah went out of its landJudah, the name of the people group, is a metonym for the people themselves. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah went out of their land"
2Ki 25:28a seat more honorable than that of the other kingsGiving a good place at the dining table is a metonym for honoring him. Alternate Translation: "more honor than the other kings"
2Ki 25:29removed Jehoiachin's prison clothesThe act of removing Jehoiachins' prison clothes represents making him a free man.
1Ch 2:3Yahweh killed himThe reader should understand that Yahweh probably had a person kill Er.
1Ch 4:10your hand will be with mePossible meanings are that God's hand is 1) a metonym for his guidance, his power, or his protection. Alternate Translation: "you will guide me" or "you will make me prosper" or "you will protect me" or 2) a synecdoche for himself. Alternate Translation: "you will be with me"
1Ch 4:10granted him his prayerThe words "his prayer" are a metonym for what Jabez asked in the prayer. Alternate Translation: "did what Jabez had asked him to do"
1Ch 4:38their clans increased greatlyThe clan is a metonym for the people in the clan. Alternate Translation: "the number of people in their clans increased greatly"
1Ch 5:18who carried shield and sword, and who drew the bowThe soldiers are described as skilled in warfare by the weapons they carried. Alternate Translation: "who were all trained to fight well in battles"
1Ch 6:10Solomon builtThe reader should understand that Solomon probably hired workers to do the work.
1Ch 6:39who stood at his right handThe authority of a person is described by where they stand. The right side of a person is the place where the person with the most authority stands.
1Ch 9:19the tentThis is a metonym for the second temple, which the people built after they returned from Babylon.
1Ch 10:4thrust me through with itThe action of stabbing is a metonym for the result, death. Alternate Translation: "kill me with it"
1Ch 10:4these uncircumcisedHere "uncircumcised" represents people who do not belong to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "these people who do not belong to Yahweh" or "these heathen Philistines"
1Ch 10:4fell on itSaul probably stuck the handle into the ground and leaned on the point so the sword would go through his body as he fell down. The action is a metonym for the result, death. Alternate Translation: "killed himself with it"
1Ch 10:5fell on his swordHe probably stuck the handle into the ground and leaned on the point so the sword would go through his body as he fell down. The action is a metonym for the result, death. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 10:4](./04.md). Alternate Translation: "killed himself with his sword"
1Ch 11:4David and all IsraelHere the phrase "all Israel" represents the entire Israelite army. Alternate Translation: "David and all the Israelite army"
1Ch 11:8He built the city all around ... Joab restored the rest of the cityThe word "he" refers to David. The reader should understand that David and Joab were probably in charge of other men who made the fortifications.
1Ch 13:14Yahweh blessed his houseHere the word "house" is a metonym for his family. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh blessed his family"
1Ch 14:11by my handThis refers to David's resources. Alternate Translation: "using my army"
1Ch 15:1David built houses for himself ... He preparedIt might be best to translate this so that the reader understands that David had other people do this for him. Alternate Translation: "David had workers build houses for him ... He had them prepare"
1Ch 15:13we did not seek himHere seeking Yahweh means to seek his counsel. Alternate Translation: "we did not ask him for instructions"
1Ch 15:29she despised him in her heartHere "heart" represents thoughts or emotions. Alternate Translation: "she despised him" or "she hated him"
1Ch 16:2When David had finished sacrificing the burnt offering and the fellowship offeringsThis is a metonym for David directing the priests, who performed the actual sacrifices.
1Ch 16:2he blessed the people in the name of YahwehTo bless "in the name of Yahweh" means to bless with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative.
1Ch 16:3He distributed to every IsraeliteThis was done under David's authority and direction.
1Ch 16:8call on his nameHere "his name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "call on Yahweh"
1Ch 16:8the nationsThis refers to the people in the nations. Alternate Translation: "the people of the nations"
1Ch 16:10Boast in his holy nameHere "his holy name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "Boast in who Yahweh is" or "Boast in Yahweh"
1Ch 16:12decrees from his mouthHere "mouth" refers to the things that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "decrees that he has spoken"
1Ch 16:14His decrees are on all the earthHere "all the earth" refers to all the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "His laws are for all the people of the earth"
1Ch 16:23all the earthThis refers to the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "all you people who live on the earth"
1Ch 16:29his name deservesHere "his name" refers to the person of God. Alternate Translation: "due to him" or "he deserves" or "he is worthy to receive"
1Ch 16:30all the earthThis is a metonym for all the people who live on the earth. Alternate Translation: "all the people of the earth"
1Ch 16:35from the other nationsHere "the other nations" represents the people in those nations. Alternate Translation: "from the people of other nations" or "from the armies of other nations"
1Ch 16:35give thanks to your holy nameHere Yahweh is referred to by his "holy name." Alternate Translation: "give thanks to you" or "give thanks to Yahweh"
1Ch 17:2do what is in your heartHere "heart" represents the mind. Alternate Translation: "do what you think you should"
1Ch 17:7I took you from the pastureDavid's job as a shepherd is referred to by the place he watched his sheep. Alternate Translation: "I took you from your job as a shepherd"
1Ch 17:8I will make you a nameHere "name" represents a person's reputation. Alternate Translation: "I will make your name to be great and well known"
1Ch 17:10from the daysHere "days" represents a longer period of time. Alternate Translation: "from the time"
1Ch 17:10build you a houseHere the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In [1 Chronicles 17:4](./03.md) God told David he would not be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There "house" represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 17:4.
1Ch 17:12I will establish his throne foreverThe right to rule as king is described by the place where a king sits. Alternate Translation: "I will make his rule over Israel to last forever"
1Ch 17:14his throneA king's right to rule is referred to by the place a king sits. Alternate Translation: "his right to rule"
1Ch 17:15all these wordsHere "words" represents what Yahweh said.
1Ch 17:21to make a name for yourselfHere "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "to make all people know who you are"
1Ch 17:21You drove out nationsHere "nations" represents the people groups that were living in Canaan.
1Ch 17:24May your nameHere "name" represents Yahweh's reputation.
1Ch 17:24the house of me, David, your servantHere "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "my family"
1Ch 17:25that you will build him a houseHere the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In [1 Chronicles 17:4](./03.md) Yahweh tells David he would not be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There "house" represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 17:4.
1Ch 18:3David then defeated HadadezerHere David and Hadadezer are spoken of as if they were alone, but the reader should understand that these kings represent their armies that were with them. Alternate Translation: "David and his army then defeated the army of Hadadezer"
1Ch 19:4So Hanun seizedHanun did not do this personally, but ordered his men to do it. Alternate Translation: "So Hanun's men seized"
1Ch 19:16the Arameans sawWhat the Arameans understood is spoken of as what they saw. Alternate Translation: "the Arameans understood"
1Ch 20:1kings normally go to war ... Joab led the army into battleHere "kings" is a metonym that means the kings sent their armies into battle. Joab was the commander of David's army. Alternate Translation: "kings normally send their armies to war ... Joab led David's army into battle"
1Ch 20:1He went and besieged RabbahHe refers to the soldiers as well as Joab. Alternate Translation: "Joab and his soldiers surrounded Rabbah"
1Ch 20:3David required all the cities of the peopleThe people are referred to by their city. Alternate Translation: "David required all the peoples of the cities"
1Ch 21:5men who drew the swordThe soldiers in Israel are described by the action of pulling out a sword to fight with it. Alternate Translation: "men who were prepared to serve as soldiers"
1Ch 21:12being caught by their swordsHere "their swords" represents death in battle. Alternate Translation: "being killed by them in battle"
1Ch 21:12Yahweh's sword, that is, a plague in the landHere the plague is spoken of as Yahweh's sword because the "sword" is a metonym for death.
1Ch 21:13Let me fall into the hand of Yahweh rather than into the hand of manHere "hand" represents power to harm or punish Israel. Alternate Translation: "Let me be punished by Yahweh, rather than be punished by people"
1Ch 21:14on IsraelHere Israel is a metonym that represents the people of Israel.
1Ch 21:15changed his mind about the harmHere "mind" represents his decision. Alternate Translation: "decided not to destroy Jerusalem"
1Ch 21:17Let your hand strike me and my familyHere "hand" represents Yahweh's power to punish. Alternate Translation: "Punish me and my family"
1Ch 21:19as Gad instructed him to do in the name of YahwehSpeaking "in the name of Yahweh" means speaking with his power and authority, or as his representative. Alternate Translation: "as Gad, speaking for Yahweh, instructed David to do"
1Ch 21:23what is good in your sightDavid's understanding is described as his sight. Alternate Translation: "whatever you decide to do with it"
1Ch 21:30afraid of the sword of the angel of YahwehHere "sword" represents being killed by the angel of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "afraid he would be killed by the angel of Yahweh"
1Ch 22:5so that it will be famous and glorious in all other landsHere the word "lands" refers to the people who lived there. Alternate Translation: "so that people in every other land will know about it and think that it is glorious"
1Ch 22:6commanded him to build ... my intention to buildThe readers should understand that David intended for laborers to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "commanded him to oversee the building of a house for Yahweh ... my plan to oversee the building of the house myself"
1Ch 22:7commanded him to build ... my intention to buildThe readers should understand that David intended for laborers to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "commanded him to oversee the building of a house for Yahweh ... my plan to oversee the building of the house myself"
1Ch 22:7for the name of Yahweh my GodHere "name" represents God's honor. Alternate Translation: "in order to honor Yahweh my God"
1Ch 22:8shed much bloodHere the killing of people is spoken of as shedding their blood, where "blood" represents their lives. Alternate Translation: "killed many people"
1Ch 22:8for my nameHere "name" represents God's honor. Alternate Translation: "to honor me"
1Ch 22:8you have shed ... in my sightHere "sight" refers to what God has seen. Alternate Translation: "I have seen that you have shed much blood on the earth"
1Ch 22:10a house for my nameHere "name" refers to honor. Alternate Translation: "a temple to honor me"
1Ch 22:10I will establish the throne of his kingdom over Israel foreverHere "throne" refers to the authority to rule as king. Alternate Translation: "I will make his descendants rule over Israel forever"
1Ch 22:11May you buildSolomon would not personally do the building, but he would direct others to do it. Alternate Translation: "May you direct people to build"
1Ch 22:18He has given the region's inhabitants into my handHere "hand" refers to power to defeat his enemies. Alternate Translation: "He has given me power over everyone who lives around us"
1Ch 22:19Get up and build the holy placeIt is understood that Solomon will not do the work personally, but he will direct others to do it. Alternate Translation: "Get up and direct the workers as they build the holy place"
1Ch 22:19the house built for Yahweh's nameHere "name" refers to honor. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the temple you will build to honor Yahweh"
1Ch 23:13to give blessings in his name foreverHere "in his name" refers to the authority to speak as his representative. Alternate Translation: "to bless the people as representatives of God forever"
1Ch 27:23increase IsraelHere "Israel" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "increase the population of Israel"
1Ch 27:24Wrath fell on IsraelThis speaks of God punishing the people as if his "wrath" were something that fell upon them. Alternate Translation: "God punished the people of Israel"
1Ch 28:3a temple for my nameHere God refers to himself by his "name." Alternate Translation: "a temple for me"
1Ch 28:4chose me ... to be king over Israel foreverOne possible meaning is that here David is a metonym for David and his descendants who will rule Israel forever. Alternate Translation: "chose me and my descendants ... to be kings over Israel forever" Another is that David will continue to be the king of Israel after he is resurrected from the dead.
1Ch 28:5to sit on the throne ofHere "to sit on the throne" means to rule as king. Alternate Translation: "to rule over" or "to be the king of"
1Ch 28:9all heartsHere people's "hearts" represent their feelings and desires. Alternate Translation: "searches everyone's emotions and desires"
1Ch 29:13your glorious nameHere Yahweh is represented by his name. Alternate Translation: "you who are glorious" or "you because you are glorious"
1Ch 29:17you examine the heartHere the "heart" represents a person's thoughts and feelings. Alternate Translation: "you examine people's thoughts"
1Ch 29:17in the uprightness of my heartHere the "heart" represents a person's thoughts and feelings. Alternate Translation: "because I want to be honest and honorable in everything I do for you"
1Ch 29:18Direct their hearts toward youHere the people's "hearts" represent their thoughts and desires. Alternate Translation: "Direct them to be loyal to you" or "Keep them loyal to you"
1Ch 29:21they made sacrifices to Yahweh and offered burnt offerings to himThe people offered animals to be sacrificed to Yahweh by the priests. Most of the people did not actually kill and sacrifice the animals themselves.
1Ch 29:23Then Solomon sat on Yahweh's throne as king instead of David his fatherHere the throne of Israel is referred to as "Yahweh's throne," to emphasize that the people of Israel are Yahweh's people. Sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "So Solomon sat on the throne, instead of his father David, as king over Yahweh's people"
2Ch 1:11Because this was in your heartHere "heart" represents desire. Alternate Translation: "Because this was your desire" or "Because this is what you wanted"
2Ch 2:1commanded the building of a house for Yahweh's nameThe word "name" is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "commanded his people to build a house where Yahweh may live" or "commanded his people to build a house where they could worship Yahweh"
2Ch 2:4I am about to build a house for the name of Yahweh my GodHere "name" represents the person. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Chronicles 2:1](./01.md). Alternate Translation: "I am about to build a house where Yahweh my God may live" or "I am about to build a house where people may worship Yahweh my God"
2Ch 2:4I am about to buildSolomon would command his people to build the house. Alternate Translation: "I am about to command my people to build"
2Ch 2:16you will carry it up to JerusalemHere "you" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "you will command your people to take the wood to Jerusalem"
2Ch 2:17Solomon countedThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon had his servants count"
2Ch 3:1Then Solomon began to build ... He prepared ... He began ... that Solomon laidThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Then Solomon's workers began to build ... They prepared ... They began ... that Solomon's workers laid"
2Ch 3:2Then Solomon began to build ... He prepared ... He began ... that Solomon laidThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Then Solomon's workers began to build ... They prepared ... They began ... that Solomon's workers laid"
2Ch 3:3Then Solomon began to build ... He prepared ... He began ... that Solomon laidThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Then Solomon's workers began to build ... They prepared ... They began ... that Solomon's workers laid"
2Ch 3:4Solomon overlaid ... He fashioned ... which he carvedThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers overlaid ... They fashioned ... which they carved"
2Ch 3:5Solomon overlaid ... He fashioned ... which he carvedThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers overlaid ... They fashioned ... which they carved"
2Ch 3:6He decorated ... He also overlaid ... he carvedThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers decorated ... They also overlaid ... they carved"
2Ch 3:7He decorated ... He also overlaid ... he carvedThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers decorated ... They also overlaid ... they carved"
2Ch 3:8He built ... He overlaidThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers built ... They overlaid"
2Ch 3:10He madeThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made"
2Ch 3:14He made ... he fashionedThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made ... they fashioned"
2Ch 3:15Solomon also made ... He made ... he also made ... He set upThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers also made ... They made ... they also made ... They set up"
2Ch 3:16Solomon also made ... He made ... he also made ... He set upThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers also made ... They made ... they also made ... They set up"
2Ch 3:17Solomon also made ... He made ... he also made ... He set upThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers also made ... They made ... they also made ... They set up"
2Ch 4:1he madeHere "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made"
2Ch 4:6He made ... he putHere "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made ... they put"
2Ch 4:7He made ... he placed ... He made ... He madeHere "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made ... they placed ... They made ... They made"
2Ch 4:8He made ... he placed ... He made ... He madeHere "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made ... they placed ... They made ... They made"
2Ch 4:9he made the courtyard ... and overlaid ... He placedHere "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made ... they overlaid ... They placed"
2Ch 4:10he made the courtyard ... and overlaid ... He placedHere "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made ... they overlaid ... They placed"
2Ch 4:17The king had cast them ... Solomon madeThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "The king commanded his workers to cast them ... Solomon's workers made"
2Ch 4:18The king had cast them ... Solomon madeThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "The king commanded his workers to cast them ... Solomon's workers made"
2Ch 4:19Solomon madeThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made"
2Ch 5:1When all the work that Solomon did for the house of Yahweh was completed, Solomon broughtThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "When Solomon's workers completed all of the work for the house of Yahweh, they brought"
2Ch 6:4with his own handsThe hand is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "by his own power"
2Ch 6:5in order for my name to be thereHere the metonym "my name" represents Yahweh's reputation, and his name being there represents people recognizing his greatness and worshiping him there. Alternate Translation: "for people to worship me there"
2Ch 6:6so that my name might be thereHere the metonym "my name" represents Yahweh's reputation, and his name being there represents people recognizing his greatness and worshiping him there. Alternate Translation: "so that people might worship me there"
2Ch 6:7for the name of Yahweh ... for my namePossible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "for Yahweh ... for me" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for Yahweh's reputation ... for my reputation"
2Ch 6:8for the name of Yahweh ... for my namePossible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "for Yahweh ... for me" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for Yahweh's reputation ... for my reputation"
2Ch 6:10I sit on the throne of IsraelThe throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate Translation: "I rule over Israel"
2Ch 6:10for the name of YahwehPossible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "for Yahweh" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for the reputation of Yahweh"
2Ch 6:11in which is Yahweh's covenant, whichThe stone tablets on which Yahweh had written the terms of the covenant are spoken of as if they were the covenant itself. Alternate Translation: "in which are the tablets on which Yahweh wrote the terms of the covenant that"
2Ch 6:15and have fulfilled it with your handThe hand is a metonym for the power of the hand. Alternate Translation: "and, by your power, have fulfilled what you said" or "and by your power have done what you said"
2Ch 6:16to sit on the throne of IsraelThe throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate Translation: "to rule over Israel"
2Ch 6:20where you promised to put your namePossible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "where you promised to be" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "where you promised to make people know you"
2Ch 6:32your great nameHere God's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "your great reputation" or "your greatness"
2Ch 6:33may know your nameHere God's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "may know your reputation" or "may know your greatness"
2Ch 6:34for your namePossible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "for you" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for your reputation"
2Ch 6:38for your namePossible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "for you" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for your reputation"
2Ch 6:40let your eyes be openThe eyes being open is a metonym for seeing. Here it represents looking attentively. Alternate Translation: "please pay attention to us" or "please look at us"
2Ch 6:40let your ears be attentive to the prayerThe ears being attentive is a metonym for listening attentively. Alternate Translation: "please listen to the prayer"
2Ch 6:42your anointedyour anointed one. Being anointed is a metonym for being chosen by God. King Solomon may have been speaking specifically about himself. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the one you anointed" or "me, the one you chose to be king"
2Ch 7:7the bronze altar that he had madeThe author speaks of Solomon commanding someone to make the bronze altar and telling him how to do it as if Solomon himself had made it. Alternate Translation: "the bronze altar that he had commanded someone to make" or "the bronze altar that he had caused to be made"
2Ch 7:11Solomon finished the house of Yahweh and his own houseThe readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "the workers whom Solomon commanded finished the house of Yahweh and Solomon's own house"
2Ch 7:13devour the landThe word "land" represents the plants and crops on the land.
2Ch 7:15my eyes will be openThe eyes being open is a metonym for seeing. Here it represents looking attentively. Alternate Translation: "I will pay attention to you" or "I will watch you"
2Ch 7:15my ears attentive to the prayersThe ears being attentive is a metonym for listening attentively. Alternate Translation: "I will listen to the prayers"
2Ch 7:16that my name may be there foreverPossible meanings are 1) God's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "that I may be there forever" or 2) God's name represents Yahweh's reputation, and his name being there represents people worshiping him there. Alternate Translation: "for people to worship me there forever"
2Ch 7:16My eyes and my heart will be there every dayHere "My eyes" represents God's careful attention, and "my heart" represents his love. These being at his temple implies that he will protect his temple. Alternate Translation: "I will watch and protect it forever"
2Ch 7:18I will establish the throne of your kingdomHere the throne represents ruling. Establishing the throne of Solomon's kingdom represents causing Solomon to have descendants who will rule over Israel. Alternate Translation: "I will make descendants of yours rule over your kingdom"
2Ch 7:20that I have set apart for my namePossible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "that I have set apart for myself" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "that I have set apart for my reputation"
2Ch 8:1Solomon had built the house of Yahweh and his own houseThe author writes of Solomon commanding the people to build the temple and palace and telling them how to do it as if he himself had built them. Alternate Translation: "Solomon caused the house of Yahweh and his own house to be built" or "Solomon directed the building of the temple and his house"
2Ch 8:2Solomon rebuilt the towns that Hiram had given to himThe author speaks of Solomon commanding the people to rebuild the towns as if he himself had rebuilt them. Alternate Translation: "Solomon caused the towns that Hiram had given to him to be rebuilt" or "Solomon commanded and the people rebuilt the towns that Hiram had given to him"
2Ch 8:11to the house that he had built for herThe author writes about Solomon having his workers build a house for his wife as if he himself had built it. Alternate Translation: "the house that he had his workers build for her" or "to the house he had commanded his workers to build for her"
2Ch 8:12his altar that he had builtThe author writes about Solomon having his workers build the altar as if he himself had built it. Alternate Translation: "on Yahweh's altar that Solomon had his workers build" or "the Yahweh's altar that he had commanded his workers to build"
2Ch 9:3the palace that he had builtThe author writes about Solomon having his workers build his palace as if he himself had built it. Alternate Translation: "the palace that Solomon had his workers build" or "the palace that he had commanded his workers to build"
2Ch 9:7they hear your wisdomHear "wisdom" represents the wise things that he says. Alternate Translation: "they hear the wise things that you say"
2Ch 9:8who placed you on his throne, to be king for Yahweh your GodThe idea of being on Yahweh's throne represents having the authority to rule as Yahweh does. Being king "for Yahweh" means to represent Yahweh as king. Alternate Translation: "who gave you authority to rule as he does, to represent Yahweh your God as king"
2Ch 9:11the king made steps ... well as harps and lyresThe author speaks of the king having his workers make these things as if he himself had made them. Alternate Translation: "the king had his workers make the steps .. as well as harps and lyres" or "the king's workers made steps ... well as harps and lyres"
2Ch 9:15King Solomon madeThe author writes about Solomon having his workers make the shields as if he himself had made them. Alternate Translation: "King Solomon had his workers make" or "King Solomon's workers made"
2Ch 9:16He also madeThe author writes about Solomon having his workers make the shields as if he himself had made them. Alternate Translation: "King Solomon had his workers also make" or "His workers also made"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2Ch 9:16the king put themThe author writes about Solomon having his workers put the shields in the palace as if he himself had put them there. Alternate Translation: "King Solomon had his workers put them" or "King Solomon's workers put them"
2Ch 9:17the king made a great throneThe author speaks of commanding his workers to build the throne as if he himself had built it. Alternate Translation: "the king had his workers make a great throne" or "the king's workers made"
2Ch 9:23sought the presence of SolomonThe presence of a person is a metonym for being able to speak and listen to the person. Alternate Translation: "wanted to visit Solomon" or "came to visit Solomon"
2Ch 9:23to hear his wisdom, which God had put in his heartThe heart is a metonym for what a person thinks, and here it is spoken of as if it were a container. The abstract noun "wisdom" is a metonym for the wise things a person thinks or says. Alternate Translation: "to hear how wise God had enabled him to be" or "to hear him speak the wise words that God had enabled him to speak"
2Ch 10:1all Israel was comingHere "Israel" is a metonym for the men of Israel. The word "all" is a generalization. Alternate Translation: "the men of Israel were coming"
2Ch 10:3all Israel cameHere "Israel" is a metonym for the men of Israel. The word "all" is a generalization. Alternate Translation: "the men of Israel came"
2Ch 10:15So the king did not listen to the peopleHere "listen to the people" represents not care about what they said or about actually doing what they asked. Alternate Translation: "So the king did not do what the people had asked him to do" or "So the king ignored the people"
2Ch 10:16all IsraelHere "Israel" is a metonym for the men of Israel. The word "all" is a generalization. Alternate Translation: "the men of Israel"
2Ch 10:16the king did not listen to themHere "listen to the people" represents not caring about what they said or about actually doing what they asked. Alternate Translation: "the king did not do what they had asked him to do" or "the king ignored them"
2Ch 10:16What share do we have in David?Having a share in someone represents being his descendants and receiving the good things that descendants receive. Alternate Translation: "We do not belong to the family of David"
2Ch 10:16We have no inheritance in the son of JesseSon of Jesse here is a metonym for David, a son of Jesse. Having an inheritance in someone represents being his descendants and receiving the good things that descendants receive. Alternate Translation: "We will not receive any inheritance from the son of Jesse" or "We will have nothing to do with the his descendants"
2Ch 10:16Each of you should go back to his tentTent here is a metonym representing people's homes. Alternate Translation: "Go to your homes, people of Israel"
2Ch 10:19against the house of DavidHere "the house of David" represents the kings who were descendants of David. Alternate Translation: "against the kings descended from David"
2Ch 11:1the house of Judah and BenjaminHere "house" is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants and refers specifically to the soldiers from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "all the soldiers from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin"
2Ch 11:3all Israel in Judah and BenjaminHere the word "Israel" refers to the Israelite people who live in the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "all of the Israelites in the tribes of Judah and Benjamin"
2Ch 11:5Rehoboam lived in Jerusalem and built citiesIt might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Rehoboam build these cities. Alternate Translation: "Rehoboam lived in Jerusalem and had his workers build cities"
2Ch 11:15the goat and calf idols he had madeIt might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Jeroboam make these idols. Alternate Translation: "the goat idols and calf idols that he had his craftsmen make"
2Ch 11:16those who set their hearts to seek YahwehHere the word "hearts" represents the thoughts and desires. The idiom "set their hearts" means to determine to do something. Alternate Translation: "those who had determined to seek Yahweh"
2Ch 12:1all Israel with himHere the words "all Israel" refer specifically to the people of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin, over which Rehoboam was king. The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate Translation: "all the Israelite people whom he ruled also abandoned the law of Yahweh"
2Ch 12:2Shishak, king of Egypt, came up against JerusalemShishak, king of Egypt here is a metonym for Shishak along with the Egyptian army. Alternate Translation: "Shishak, king of Egypt, and his army with him, came up against Jerusalem"
2Ch 12:5so I have also given you over into Shishak's handHere the word "hand" represents power. Yahweh speaks of enabling Shishak's army to defeat the king and the others in Jerusalem as if he were placing them into Shishak's hand. Alternate Translation: "so I have enabled Shishak to defeat you" or "so I have given you to Shishak as captives"
2Ch 12:9Shishak, king of Egypt came up against JerusalemShishak, king of Egypt here is a metonym for Shishak along with the Egyptian army. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 12:2](./02.md). Alternate Translation: "Shishak, king of Egypt, and his army with him, came up against Jerusalem"
2Ch 12:9the house of YahwehHere the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 12:9the shields of gold that Solomon had madeIt might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon make these shields. Alternate Translation: "the shields of gold that Solomon had his craftsmen make"
2Ch 12:10King Rehoboam made shields of bronzeIt might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Rehoboam make these shields. Alternate Translation: "King Rehoboam had his craftsmen make shields of bronze"
2Ch 12:10entrusted them into the hands of the commandersHere the word "hands" represents care or responsibility. Alternate Translation: "made them the responsibility of the commanders"
2Ch 12:10who guarded the doors to the king's houseHere the word "doors" represents the entrance. Alternate Translation: "who guarded the entrance to the king's house"
2Ch 12:13so that he might put his name therePossible meanings for the phrase "put his name" are 1) a metonym for "dwell." Alternate Translation: "so that he might dwell there" or 2) an idiom that refers to ownership. Alternate Translation: "so that it might belong to him"
2Ch 12:14he did not fix his heart to seek YahwehHere the word "heart" represents the thoughts and desires. The idiom "fix his heart" means to determine to do something. Alternate Translation: "he was not committed to seeking Yahweh"
2Ch 13:8that is held within the hand of the descendants of DavidHere the word "hand" represents authority and possession. Abijah is claiming that only the descendants of David have the rightful authority to rule Yahweh's kingdom. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "that the descendants of David hold within their hand" or "which only the descendants of David have the authority to rule"
2Ch 13:8the golden calves that Jeroboam madeIt might be best to translate so that the reader understands that Jeroboam had others make the golden calves. Alternate Translation: "the golden calves that Jeroboam had his craftsmen make"
2Ch 13:14When Judah looked backHere "Judah" represents the soldiers in the army of Judah. Alternate Translation: "When the soldiers of Judah looked back"
2Ch 13:15all IsraelHere the word "Israel" refers to the army. Alternate Translation: "the entire army of Israel"
2Ch 13:16fled before JudahHere the word "Judah" represents the army of Judah. Alternate Translation: "fled before the army of Judah"
2Ch 13:16God gave them into the hand of JudahHere the word "hand" represents power. God enabling the army of Judah to defeat the army of Israel is spoken of as if God had put the army of Israel in the hand of the army of Judah. Alternate Translation: "God enabled Judah to defeat the people of Israel"
2Ch 14:3He broke down the stone pillars and cut down the Asherah polesSince Asa was king, he may have told his officials to do these things. Alternate Translation: "He had his people break down the stone pillars and cut down the Asherah poles"
2Ch 14:4He commanded Judah to seek YahwehHere the word "Judah" represents the people of Judah. Worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if it were seeking him. Alternate Translation: "He commanded the people of Judah to worship Yahweh"
2Ch 14:5he took away the high places ... He built fortified citiesSince Asa was king, he may have told his officials to do these things. Alternate Translation: "he had his people take away the high places ... He had his workers build fortified cities"
2Ch 14:6he took away the high places ... He built fortified citiesSince Asa was king, he may have told his officials to do these things. Alternate Translation: "he had his people take away the high places ... He had his workers build fortified cities"
2Ch 14:7Asa said to JudahHere "Judah" refers to the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "Asa said to the people of Judah"
2Ch 14:10Asa went out to meet himHere "Asa" represents both the king and the army that he led into battle. It is implicit that he went out to meet him in battle. Alternate Translation: "Asa led his army out to meet him in battle"
2Ch 14:11in your nameHere "name" represents Yahweh's authority. Alternate Translation: "on your behalf" or "by your authority"
2Ch 15:3Israel was without the true GodHere "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. This refers to a time when the people of Israel did not worship the true God. Alternate Translation: "The people of Israel did not worship the true God"
2Ch 15:6They were broken in pieces, nation against nation, and city against cityHere "nation" and "city" are metonyms for the people who live there. You may also supply a connecting word to clarify the relationship between these two phrases. Alternate Translation: "Nations and cities destroyed each other, as the people of one nation fought against the people of another nation, and the people of one city fought against the people of another city"
2Ch 15:16Asa cut down the disgusting figure, ground it ... and burned itSince Asa was king, he may have told his officials to cut down the figure. Alternate Translation: "Asa made his workers cut down the disgusting figure, grind it ... and burn it"
2Ch 15:18the house of GodHere the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of God"
2Ch 16:2Then Asa brought the silver ... of the king's house, and sent itAsa would have had his workers gather the gold and silver for him. Alternate Translation: "Then Asa told his workers to take the silver ... of the king's house, and to take it"
2Ch 16:2He saidThis means he spoke by means of his servants. Asa told his servants what to say to Ben Hadad and they did. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate Translation: "Asa told his servants to say to Ben Hadad" or "Through his servants, Asa said to Ben Hadad"
2Ch 16:6took all JudahThis refers to all the men who live in Judah. Alternate Translation: "took all the men of Judah"
2Ch 16:6Baasha had beenHere "Baasha" refers to his workers. Alternate Translation: "Baasha's workers had been"
2Ch 16:6Then King Asa usedHere "King Asa" represents his workers. Alternate Translation: "Then King Asa had his workers use"
2Ch 16:7out of your handHere the king's "hand" refers to his control. This means that his army was unable to conquer the king of Aram's army. Alternate Translation: "from you" or "from your control"
2Ch 16:9those whose hearts are perfect toward himThis speaks of a people's will and desires as their "hearts." To be "perfect toward" something means to be completely devoted to that person or thing. Alternate Translation: "those who are completely committed to following him" or "those who are completely devoted to following him"
2Ch 16:14which he had dug out for himselfAsa would have had his workers prepare his tomb for him. Alternate Translation: "which his workers had dug out for him"
2Ch 17:5Yahweh established the rule in his handThe phrase "his hand" represents Jehoshaphat's control. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh enabled him to completely control his kingdom"
2Ch 17:12He built fortresses and store citiesJehoshaphat did not build these things himself, rather he commanded his workers to build them. Alternate Translation: "His workers built fortresses and store cities"
2Ch 18:5will give it into the hand of the kingHere the king's "hand" refers to his control. This means that God will enable them to defeat the people at Ramoth Gilead. Alternate Translation: "will enable your army to defeat them"
2Ch 18:11has given it into the hand of the kingHere the king's "hand" refers to his control. This means that God will enable them to defeat the people at Ramoth Gilead. Alternate Translation: "has allowed the king to capture it" or "will allow your armies to capture it"
2Ch 18:15in the name of YahwehHere the word "name" refers to authority. Alternate Translation: "as the representative of Yahweh"
2Ch 18:16I saw all IsraelHere "all Israel" refers to the army of Israel. Alternate Translation: "I saw the entire army of Israel"
2Ch 18:21become a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophetsHere the word "spirit" refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words "the mouth" represents what they will say. Alternate Translation: "cause all his prophets to speak lies"
2Ch 18:22has put a lying spirit in the mouth of these prophets of yoursHere the word "spirit" refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words "the mouth" represents what they will say. Alternate Translation: "has caused your prophets to speak lies"
2Ch 19:3you have taken the Asherah poles out of the landSince Jehoshaphat was king, he may have told his officials to do these things for him. Alternate Translation: "you have had your people take the Asherah poles out of the land"
2Ch 19:9with your whole heartHere "heart" represents the whole person. Alternate Translation: "with your whole being"
2Ch 19:10bloodshedHere the killing of people is spoken of as shedding their blood, where "blood" represents their lives. Alternate Translation: "the killing of people" or "murder"
2Ch 20:3to seek YahwehThis speaks of seeking Yahweh's advice as if he were looking for Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "to seek Yahweh's advice"
2Ch 20:4Judah gatheredThis refers to the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "The people of Judah gathered"
2Ch 20:5of Judah and JerusalemThis refers to the people from these places. Alternate Translation: "of the people from Judah and Jerusalem"
2Ch 20:8for your nameHere Yahweh is represented by his "name." Alternate Translation: "for you" or "to honor you"
2Ch 20:9the swordThe "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "war" or "battle"
2Ch 20:15all Judah and you inhabitants of JerusalemHere "Judah" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "all you who live in Judah and Jerusalem"
2Ch 20:17Judah and JerusalemHere these places represent the people from them. Alternate Translation: "people of Judah and Jerusalem"
2Ch 20:18All JudahHere "Judah" refers to the people from Judah. Alternate Translation: "All the people of Judah"
2Ch 20:33The people still had not directed their hearts to the GodThis means that the people did not desire to obey God and were not devoted to him. Here people's "hearts" represent their will and their desires. Alternate Translation: "The people were still not devoted to the God" or "The people still were not committed to following the God"
2Ch 20:36They built the shipsJehoshaphat and Ahaziah did not build the ships, rather, their workers built them. Alternate Translation: "Their workers built the ships"
2Ch 21:4he killed all his brothers with the swordJehoram probably did not kill them personally, but had other people do it for him. Alternate Translation: "he caused all of his younger brothers to be killed"
2Ch 21:6the house of Ahab was doingThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the descendants of Ahab. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Ahab were doing"
2Ch 21:7the house of DavidThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../../2ch/03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Israel"
2Ch 21:13the house of AhabThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the descendants of Ahab. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 21:6](./06.md). Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Ahab"
2Ch 21:16stirred up against Jehoram the spirit of the Philistines and of the ArabiansStirring the spirit is a metonym for making someone want to act. Here "spirit" is singular and refers to the Philistines as a group and to the Arabians as a group. Alternate Translation: "provoked against Jehoram the Philistines and the Arabians"
2Ch 22:3the house of AhabThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the descendants of Ahab. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 21:6](../21/06.md). Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Ahab"
2Ch 22:4the house of Ahab was doingThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the descendants of Ahab. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 21:6](../21/06.md). Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Ahab were doing"
2Ch 22:7the house of AhabThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the descendants of Ahab. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 21:6](../21/06.md). Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Ahab"
2Ch 22:9the house of Ahaziah had no more power to rule the kingdomHere "house of Ahaziah" is a metonym that refers to Ahaziah's descendants. Here "power to rule" is a metonym for a king. Since all the adult descendants of Ahaziah were dead, there was no one left to rule Judah.
2Ch 22:10she arose and killed all the royal childrenHere the writer speaks of Athaliah as if she killed the children herself, but the reader should understand that she would have ordered her servants to kill them. Alternate Translation: "she commanded her servants to kill all the royal children"
2Ch 22:10the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case, it refers to the kingdom of Judah. Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah"
2Ch 23:18under the hand of the priestsHere "hand" represents control. Alternate Translation: "under the direction of the priests"
2Ch 23:21the city was quietHere "the city" represents the people of the city, and "quiet" represents peace, since no one opposed Joash after Athaliah died. Alternate Translation: "the people of the city were at peace"
2Ch 24:13went forward in their handsHere the word "forward" represents progress, and the word "hands" represents their control. Alternate Translation: "made progress under their supervision"
2Ch 25:5gathered Judah togetherHere "Judah" refers to the people who lived in Judah. Alternate Translation: "gathered the people of Judah together"
2Ch 25:5by their ancestors' housesHere the word "houses" is a metonym for the families that lived in them. Alternate Translation: "by their ancestors' families"
2Ch 25:5all of Judah and BenjaminHere "Judah" and "Benjamin" refer to the people who lived in the wider kingdom of Judah. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Judah and Benjamin"
2Ch 25:18JudahHere "Judah" is a metonym for the people who lived in Judah. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah"
2Ch 25:20into the hand of their enemiesHere "hand" refers to power to defeat. Alternate Translation: "into the power of their enemies" or "so their enemies could defeat them"
2Ch 25:22Judah was struck down before IsraelHere "Judah" and "Israel" are metonyms for the soldiers of Judah and Israel, and "struck down" is an idiom that means "defeated." This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The soldiers of Israel defeated the soldiers of Judah"
2Ch 25:24with Obed EdomHere "Obed Edom" refers to this man's descendants. Alternate Translation: "under the care of the descendants of Obed Edom"
2Ch 26:5in the days of ZechariahHere "the days of Zechariah" is a metonym referring to the time period during which Zechariah was priest. Alternate Translation: "when Zechariah was priest"
2Ch 26:9Uzziah built towersHere "Uzziah" represents the workers he had commanded to build the towers. Alternate Translation: "Uzziah had his workers build towers" or "Uzziah's workers built towers"
2Ch 26:10He built watchtowers ... and dug many cisternsUzziah commanded his workers, and they did these things. Alternate Translation: "He had his workers build watchtowers ... and dig many cisterns" or "They built watchtowers ... and dug many cisterns"
2Ch 26:13Under their hand was an armyHere "their hand" represents their authority. Alternate Translation: "Under their authority was an army" or "They commanded an army"
2Ch 26:15he built machines that were designed by skillful menHere "he built machines" represents Uzziah commanding his workers to build them. Alternate Translation: "his workers built machines that were designed by skillful men"
2Ch 26:18the sons of AaronHere "sons" represents descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Aaron"
2Ch 27:3He built the upper gate ... he built much ... he built cities ... he built castles and towersSince Jotham was king, he may have had his workers build these things. Alternate Translation: "He had his workers build the upper gate ... he had his workers build many things ... he had his workers build cities ... he had his workers build castles and towers"
2Ch 27:4He built the upper gate ... he built much ... he built cities ... he built castles and towersSince Jotham was king, he may have had his workers build these things. Alternate Translation: "He had his workers build the upper gate ... he had his workers build many things ... he had his workers build cities ... he had his workers build castles and towers"
2Ch 28:5Yahweh the God of Ahaz gave him into the hand of the king of AramHere the metonym "hand" represents power. God enabling the army of the king of Aram to defeat Ahaz and his army is spoken of as if God had put Ahaz in the hand of the king of Aram. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh the God of Ahaz enabled the king of Aram to defeat Ahaz"
2Ch 28:5carried away from himcarried away from Ahaz. Here "him" represents Ahaz's army. Alternate Translation: "carried away from Ahaz's army"
2Ch 28:5Ahaz was also given into the hand of the king of Israel who defeated himHere the metonym "hand" represents power. God enabling the army of the king of Israel to defeat Ahaz and his army is spoken of as if God had put Ahaz in the hand of the king of Israel. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh also enabled the king of Israel to defeat Ahaz"
2Ch 28:9he gave them into your handHere the word "hand" represents power. God enabling the army of Israel to defeat the army of Judah is spoken of as if God had put the army of Judah in the hand of the army of Israel. Alternate Translation: "God enabled you to defeat them"
2Ch 28:19Yahweh brought Judah low because of AhazThe metonym "Judah" represents the people of Judah. Yahweh humiliating the people is spoken of as if he physically brought Judah low to the ground. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh humiliated the people of Judah because of Ahaz"
2Ch 28:24the house of God ... the house of YahwehHere the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of God ... the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 28:24he made for himself altars ... he made high places to burn sacrificesSince Ahaz was king, he may have had his workers make these high places. Alternate Translation: "he had his workers make altars for him ... he had his workers make high places to burn sacrifices"
2Ch 28:25he made for himself altars ... he made high places to burn sacrificesSince Ahaz was king, he may have had his workers make these high places. Alternate Translation: "he had his workers make altars for him ... he had his workers make high places to burn sacrifices"
2Ch 29:3the house of YahwehHere the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 29:3Hezekiah opened the doors ... and repaired themSince Hezekiah was king, he may have had his workers do these things. Alternate Translation: "Hezekiah ordered his workers to open the doors ... and to repair them"
2Ch 29:8the wrath of Yahweh had fallen on Judah and JerusalemHere the words "Judah and Jerusalem" refer to the people who live there. Hezekiah speaks of Yahweh being angry with the people and punishing them as if his wrath were an object that fell upon them. Alternate Translation: "because Yahweh was angry, he had punished the people of Judah and Jerusalem"
2Ch 29:10it is in my heartHere the word "heart" represents the thoughts and intentions. Hezekiah speaks of deciding to do something as if that thing were in his heart. Alternate Translation: "it is my intention" or "I have decided"
2Ch 29:15the house of Yahweh ... the courtyard of the houseHere the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh ... the courtyard of the temple"
2Ch 29:16the house of Yahweh ... the courtyard of the houseHere the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh ... the courtyard of the temple"
2Ch 29:17they reached the porch of YahwehThe phrase "the porch of Yahweh" refers to the porch of the temple. "They reached" means that they began to cleanse this section. Alternate Translation: "they had begun to cleanse the porch of Yahweh's temple"
2Ch 29:20the house of YahwehThe word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 29:25the house of YahwehThe word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 29:31the house of YahwehThe word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 29:35the house of YahwehThe word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 30:6who have escaped from the hand of the kings of AssyriaThe word "hand" often represents power or authority. Here it represents the kings' cruel authority to force people to go to other countries. Alternate Translation: "who have escaped from the power of the kings of Assyria"
2Ch 30:8come into his holy placeHere "his holy place" refers to God's temple in Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "come to his temple in Jerusalem for it is holy" or "come to his temple in Jerusalem"
2Ch 31:10of the house of ZadokHere "house" represents a family or descendants. Alternate Translation: "a descendant of Zadok"
2Ch 31:13were managers under the hand of Konaniah and Shimei his brotherHere "hand" represents power or control. The phrase "under the hand" is an idiom that means to be under someone's authority. Alternate Translation: "were managers whom Konaniah and Shimei his brother supervised"
2Ch 31:21he performed it with all his heartHere the word "heart" refers to a person's will and desire. Alternate Translation: "he performed it with all his will" or "he was completely committed to what he did"
2Ch 32:2to fight against JerusalemHere "Jerusalem" represents the people there. Alternate Translation: "to fight against the people of Jerusalem" or "to fight against the army of Jerusalem"
2Ch 32:8is only an arm of fleshHere "arm" represents strength, and "flesh" represents humanity. Alternate Translation: "are only those with human power"
2Ch 32:11from the hand of the king of AssyriaHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from the power of the king of Assyria" or "from the king of Assyria"
2Ch 32:12commanded Judah and JerusalemHere "Judah" and "Jerusalem" represent the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "commanded the people of Judah and Jerusalem"
2Ch 32:14out of my handHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from my power" or "from me"
2Ch 32:17out of my handHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from my power" or "from me"
2Ch 32:19which are merely the work of men's handsThis emphasizes that humans made these idols with their own hands and are therefore worthless. Alternate Translation: "which are merely idols that men have made"
2Ch 32:20cried out to heavenHere "heaven" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "cried to Yahweh for help" or "pleaded to Yahweh"
2Ch 32:22from the hand of Sennacherib ... from the hand of all othersHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from the power of Sennacherib ... from the power of all others" or "from Sennacherib ... from all others"
2Ch 32:25his heart was lifted upHere "heart" is a metonym that represents a person's inner being. Here "heart was lifted up" is an idiom that means to become proud. Alternate Translation: "he became proud"
2Ch 32:30Hezekiah who also stopped up ... and who brought them straight downThe readers should understand that Hezekiah probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Hezekiah who ordered his workers to stop up ... and to build a tunnel so that the water would flow down"
2Ch 32:31to know all that was in his heartHere "heart" represents a person's inner being. Alternate Translation: "to reveal Hezekiah's true character"
2Ch 33:3he rebuilt the high places ... he built altars ... he made Asherah polesManasseh would have commanded his workers to do the building for him. Alternate Translation: "he had the high places rebuilt ... he had altars built ... he had Asherah poles made" or "he had his workers rebuild the high places ... he had them build altars ... he had them make Asherah poles"
2Ch 33:4It is in Jerusalem that my name will be foreverThe name is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "Jerusalem is where I will forever make known who I am"
2Ch 33:7he had madeManasseh probably did not do the work. His servants would have done the work. Alternate Translation: "Manasseh had ordered his servants to make"
2Ch 33:7that I will put my name foreverHere God is represented by his "name." Alternate Translation: "where I want people to worship me forever"
2Ch 33:9even more than the nations that Yahweh had destroyed before the people of IsraelHere "nations" refers to the people who had lived in the land of Canaan before the Israelites had arrived. Alternate Translation: "even more than the people whom Yahweh had destroyed as the people of Israel advanced through the land"
2Ch 33:11took Manasseh in chains, bound him with fetters, and took him off to BabylonHere Manasseh being taken as a prisoner is represented by him being bound by chains and fetters. Fetters were chains placed around the feet. Alternate Translation: "seized Manasseh, bound him in chains, and took him as a prisoner to Babylon"
2Ch 33:14Manasseh built ... He surrounded ... He took away ... he had built on the mountManasseh did not do the building and construction himself, rather, he commanded his workers to do it. Alternate Translation: "Manasseh commanded his workers to build ... They surrounded ... He commanded his workers to take away ... they had previously built on the mount"
2Ch 33:15Manasseh built ... He surrounded ... He took away ... he had built on the mountManasseh did not do the building and construction himself, rather, he commanded his workers to do it. Alternate Translation: "Manasseh commanded his workers to build ... They surrounded ... He commanded his workers to take away ... they had previously built on the mount"
2Ch 33:16He rebuiltManasseh did not do the building and construction himself, rather, he commanded his workers to do it. Alternate Translation: "He commanded them to rebuild"
2Ch 33:16he commanded JudahHere "Judah" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "he commanded the people of Judah"
2Ch 33:19the places where he had built high places and set up the Asherah poles and the carved figuresManasseh did not do the building and construction himself, rather, he commanded his workers to do it. Alternate Translation: "the place where he had the high places built and the Asherah poles and the carved figures set up" or "the places where he commanded his workers to build the high places and to set up the Asherah poles and carved figures"
2Ch 34:4he cut apart ... He broke ... He scattered ... He burnedJosiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. Alternate Translation: "he had them cut apart ... He commanded them to break ... He had them scatter ... He commanded them to burn"
2Ch 34:5he cut apart ... He broke ... He scattered ... He burnedJosiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. Alternate Translation: "he had them cut apart ... He commanded them to break ... He had them scatter ... He commanded them to burn"
2Ch 34:7He broke down the altars, beat ... cut apartJosiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. Alternate Translation: "He commanded his workers to break down the altars, to beat ... to cut apart"
2Ch 34:10They entrustedThe word "they" refers to the men that Josiah had sent to Hilkiah the high priest. They first gave the money to him and then he distributed it to the men who supervised the building. Alternate Translation: "Then Hilkiah entrusted"
2Ch 34:21the words of the book that has been foundHere "words" represents the laws. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the laws in the book that Hilkiah has found"
2Ch 34:24on this placeHere "this place" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "on these people"
2Ch 34:27because your heart was tenderHere "heart" represents a person's inner being. Feeling sorry is spoken of as if the heart were tender. Alternate Translation: "because you felt sorry" or "because you repented"
2Ch 34:33Josiah took away allJosiah would have commanded his workers to do this. Alternate Translation: "Josiah commanded his workers to take away all"
2Ch 35:4your ancestral housesThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Alternate Translation: "the families that are descendants of your ancestors"
2Ch 35:12ancestral houses of the peopleThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Alternate Translation: "the families that were the descendants of their ancestors"
2Ch 35:21against the house with whichHere the word "house" refers to the house of Babylon, where "house" is a metonym for the kingdom. The kingdom is a synechdoche representing the Babylonian army. Alternate Translation: "against the house of Babylon, with whom"
2Ch 35:24All Judah and JerusalemJudah and "Jerusalem" represent the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "All the people of Judah and Jerusalem"
2Ch 36:3fined the landHere the word "land" represents the people who lived there. Alternate Translation: "fined the people of the land"
2Ch 36:6attacked himThe word "him" refers to Jehoiakim. Jehoiakim represents either Jerusalem or the nation of Judah. Alternate Translation: "attacked Jerusalem" or "attacked Judah"
2Ch 36:7Nebuchadnezzar also carriedSince Nebuchadnezzar was king, he may have had his soldiers do this. Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar also had his soldiers carry"
2Ch 36:7the house of YahwehHere the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 36:10the house of YahwehHere "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 36:12who spoke from the mouth of YahwehHere the word "mouth" represents the words that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "who spoke the words that Yahweh spoke to him"
2Ch 36:17who killed their young men with the swordThe king probably did not personally kill their young men. Rather, his army killed them. Alternate Translation: "whose army killed their young men with swords"
2Ch 36:17God gave them all into his handHere "hand" is a metonym for the power to defeat them. Alternate Translation: "God allowed the Chaldean army to defeat them"
2Ch 36:18the house of God ... the house of YahwehThe word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of God ... the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 36:20The king carried away to BabylonHere "the king" refers to his soldiers whom he ordered to do the work. The phrase "carried away" is an idiom that means to forcefully bring them to Babylon. Alternate Translation: "The king had his army forcefully take to Babylon"
2Ch 36:23to build a house for himHere the word "house" represents a temple. Alternate Translation: "to build a temple for him"
Ezr 1:1Yahweh fulfilled his word that came from the mouth of JeremiahHere "mouth" represents speaking. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh did what Jeremiah prophesied that Yahweh would do"
Ezr 1:1Cyrus' voice went out over his entire kingdomThe voice is a metonym for the message the voice speaks, and the kingdom is a metonym for the people whom a king rules. Alternate Translation: "Cyrus sent a message to everyone over whom he ruled"
Ezr 1:5everyone whose spirit God stirred to goStirring the spirit is a metonym for making someone want to act. See how you translated these words in [Esra 1:1](./01.md). Alternate Translation: "everyone whom God had made want to go"
Ezr 3:10the hand of David ... had commandedThe hand of a king is a metonym for the power to give commands. Alternate Translation: "as David ... had commanded"
Ezr 3:12first houseThis refers to the first temple that Solomon built, the house of God.
Ezr 4:12a rebellious cityThe city is a metonym for the people who live in it. Alternate Translation: "a city that they plan to live in and rebel against you"
Ezr 4:14we have eaten the palace saltPossible meanings are that this refers to 1) the writers being loyal to the king or 2) the king giving the writers special honors. Alternate Translation: "we are loyal to you" or "you have honored us by making us your officials"
Ezr 4:15a rebellious cityThe city is a metonym for the people who live in it. Alternate Translation: "a city in which live people who have rebelled against your father"
Ezr 4:22cause more loss for the royal interestsThe words "the royal interests" are a metonym for the king himself. Alternate Translation: "cause more bad things to happen to the kings"
Ezr 5:12he gave them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, the Chaldean, who destroyed this house and took the peopleThe hand is a metonym for power or control. Also, "Nebuchadnezzar" represents his army. Alternate Translation: "allowed the army of Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, the Chaldean, to destroy this house and to take the people"
Ezr 6:4let the cost be paid by the king's houseThe phrase "the king's house" represents King Cyrus's own wealth in the royal treasury. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will pay for it with money from the royal treasury"
Ezr 6:12who lifts a hand to change ... or to destroyLifting the hand represents trying or daring to do something. Alternate Translation: "who tries to change ... or to destroy" or "who dares to change ... or to destroy"
Ezr 6:22turned the heart of Assyria's kingTurning the king's heart represents making him think differently about the work of the temple. Alternate Translation: "changed the attitude of Assyria's king" or "made Assyria's king willing"
Ezr 7:6the hand of Yahweh was with himThe "hand" of Yahweh represents Yahweh's blessing or help. Alternate Translation: "the blessing of Yahweh was with Ezra" or "Yahweh was blessing Ezra"
Ezr 7:9the good hand of GodHand represents the power or control that God uses for good results.
Ezr 7:23For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sonsGod's wrath represents God punishing them. Alternate Translation: "For why should God punish the kingdom of me and my sons" or "For if you do not do these things, God will punish the kingdom of me and my sons"
Ezr 7:28by the hand of Yahweh my GodHere Yahweh's hand represents what he did to help Ezra. Alternate Translation: "because Yahweh has helped me"
Ezr 8:18So they sent us by our God's good hand a manGod's "good hand" represents his kindness in providing for them. Alternate Translation: "Because God was kind to us, they sent us a man"
Ezr 8:22The hand of our God is on all who seek himThe hand of God being on people is a metonym for God helping people. Seeking God is a metaphor for serving him. Alternate Translation: "God helps all who serve him"
Ezr 8:22but his might and wrath are on all who forget himGod's might and wrath being on people is a metonym for him punishing people. Forgetting God is a metaphor for refusing to serve him. Alternate Translation: "but he punishes all who refuse to serve him"
Ezr 8:31The hand of our God was on usThe hand of God being on people is a metonym for God helping people. Alternate Translation: "God was helping us"
Ezr 8:31he protected us from the hand of the enemy and the ones ... roadThe hand represents what those people might do. It specifically refers to the enemy attacking the group that was traveling. Alternate Translation: "he protected us from the attack of the enemy and the ones who wished to ambush us along the road" or "He kept the enemy from attacking us and he kept robbers from ambushing us along the road"
Ezr 8:33the silver, gold, and objects were weighed out ... into the hand of MeremothHere "the hand of Meremoth" represents Meremoth's care of the silver, gold, and objects. The men weighed those things and gave them to Meremoth to take care of them.
Ezr 9:7were given into the hand of kings of this worldHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "were given into the control of the kings of this world" or "were given over to the kings of this world"
Ezr 9:7to the sword, to captivity, and to plunder and ashamed facesThe sword is a metonym for people killing other people. The abstract nouns "captivity" and "plunder" can be stated as verb phrases. And, "faces" is a synecdoche representing the whole person. Alternate Translation: "to our enemies to kill us, to capture us, to steal from us, and to cause us shame"
Ezr 9:9in the sight of the king of PersiaThe king could not literally see the temple, but he did know about what was happening in Jerusalem. Here "sight" is a metonym for what a person knows. Alternate Translation: "so that the king of Persia knows about it"
Neh 1:6Both I and my father's houseHere the word "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "Both I and my family"
Neh 1:9where I have chosen to make my name remainHere the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "where I have chosen to dwell"
Neh 1:10by your great power and by your strong handHere "hand" represents strength or power. Together, these two phrases form a doublet that emphasizes the intensity of Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "by your great power and by your mighty strength" or "by your very powerful strength"
Neh 1:11who delight to honor your nameHere "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "who delight to honor you"
Neh 2:8the good hand of God was on meGod's "good hand" represents his "favor." Alternate Translation: "God's favor was upon me"
Neh 2:12had put into my heartHere Nehemiah's "heart" refers to his thoughts and will. Alternate Translation: "had inspired me" or "had led me"
Neh 2:18the good hand of my God was on meGod's "good hand" represents his "favor." Alternate Translation: "my God's favor was upon me"
Neh 4:8against JerusalemHere "Jerusalem" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "against the people of Jerusalem"
Neh 4:12spoke to us ten timesHere the number 10 is used to represent "many." Alternate Translation: "spoke to us many times"
Neh 4:20the trumpet soundThis refers to someone blowing a trumpet. Alternate Translation: "someone blowing a trumpet"
Neh 4:21the rising of the dawnIt is the point in time that the sun rises that is "dawn." Here the sun rising is spoken of as if the "dawn" rose. Alternate Translation: "the rising of the sun" or "dawn"
Neh 6:5in his handThis means he had the letter in his possession, but he did not necessarily carry it in his hand at all times. Alternate Translation: "in his possession"
Neh 6:8for within your heart you invented themHere the "heart" refers to the "mind," that is, to one's desires and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "for within your mind you invented them" or "for you have made this up in your own imagination"
Neh 6:17sent many lettersThe nobles sent messengers to bring these letters to Tobiah. Alternate Translation: "sent many messengers with letters"
Neh 7:5put into my heartHere Nehemiah's "heart" refers to his thoughts and will. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 2:12](../02/12.md). Alternate Translation: "inspired me" or "led me"
Neh 7:6whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon took into exilewhom Nebuchadnezzar, ruler of Babylon, took away from their home country. The army of Babylon did this under the command of Nebuchadnezzar.
Neh 7:39of the house of JeshuaThe word "house" is a metonym for family. Alternate Translation: "from the family of Jeshua"
Neh 9:10you made a name for yourself which stands to this dayHere "name" represents a reputation. Alternate Translation: "you made yourself famous and even now people still remember"
Neh 9:27you gave them into the hand of their enemies, who made them sufferHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "you allowed their enemies to defeat them and cause them to suffer"
Neh 9:27you sent them rescuers who rescued them out of the hand of their enemiesHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "you sent people to stop their enemies from harming them"
Neh 9:28you abandoned them to the hand of their enemiesHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "you abandoned them and allow their enemies to defeat them"
Neh 9:29your decrees which give life to anyone who obeys themYahweh himself is spoken of as if he were the decrees themselves. Alternate Translation: "you even though you give life to everyone who obeys your decrees"
Neh 9:30you gave them into the hand of the neighboring peoplesHere "hand" represents power or control. See how you translated these words in [Nehemiah 9:27](./27.md). Alternate Translation: "you allowed the neighboring peoples to defeat them"
Neh 12:43So the joy of Jerusalem could be heard far awayThe joy of Jerusalem here is a metonym for "the sound that the people of Jerusalem made." This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "people far away from Jerusalem could hear the sound that the people of Jerusalem made as they celebrated"
Neh 13:12all JudahThe name of the land is a metonym for the people of the land. This is probably a generalization. Alternate Translation: "all the people who lived in Judah"
Neh 13:15treading winepressesThe word "winepresses" is a metonym for the grapes that were in the winepresses. The people were walking on grapes to get the juice out of them to make wine. Alternate Translation: "walking on grapes in winepresses"
Neh 13:21I will lay hands on you!The word "hands" is a metonym for forceful action. Alternate Translation: "I will send you away by force!" or "I will remove you by force!"
Est 1:2sat on his royal throneHere "royal throne" may refer to his rule over the kingdom. Alternate Translation: "ruled the empire"
Est 3:12in the name ofHere "name" represents the authority of the king. Alternate Translation: "in the authority of"
Est 7:8As soon as this sentence came out of the king's mouthSpeech coming out of the mouth is a metonym that represents speaking. Alternate Translation: "As soon as the king said this"
Est 8:5I am pleasing in your eyesHere "your eyes" is a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. Alternate Translation: "if you evaluate me and I please you" or "if you are pleased with me"
Est 8:8Write ... in the name of the kingWriting something in the king's name represents writing it with his authority, or writing it as his representative.
Est 8:8decree that has already been written in the king's nameWriting something in the king's name represents writing it with his authority, or writing it as his representative.
Est 8:10wrote in the name of King AhasuerusWriting something in the king's name represents writing it with his authority, or writing it as his representative.
Est 8:15the city of Susa shouted and rejoicedThe "city" represents the people living in it. Alternate Translation: "the people of the city of Susa shouted and rejoiced"
Est 9:2to lay hands on those who tried to bring disaster on themLaying hands on people is a metonym for fighting against them. Alternate Translation: "to fight their enemies"
Est 9:2No one could stand against themStanding against people represents resisting their attack. Alternate Translation: "No one could resist the attack of the Jews" or "No one could successfully fight against the Jews"
Est 9:15laid no hands on the plunderLaying their hands on things represents taking them. Alternate Translation: "took none of the plunder" or "did not take any of the plunder"
Est 9:16they did not lay their hands on the valuables of those they killedLaying their hands on things represents taking them. Alternate Translation: "they did not take any of the valuables of the people they killed"
Est 10:1imposed a tax on the land and on the coastlands along the seaTo impose a tax means to make people pay a tax. The land and coastlands represent the people living there. Alternate Translation: "made the people living in the land and on the coastlands along the sea pay a tax"
Job 1:5cursed God in their heartsTheir "hearts" represent their thoughts. Often such thoughts could come unintentionally, without the person wanting to think them. Alternate Translation: "cursed God in their thoughts"
Job 1:11But now stretch out your handHere "hand" refers to God's power to act. "But now use your power"
Job 1:11touch all that he hasHere "touch" represents the action of harming or destroying. Alternate Translation: "attack all that he has" or "destroy all that he has"
Job 1:12all that he has is in your handHere "hand" represents someone's power to control something. Alternate Translation: "you have power over all that he has"
Job 1:15have struckHere striking represents killing.
Job 2:4Skin for skin, indeedSkin here is a metonym for Job's life. Alternate Translation: "A person will do anything to save his own life, even accept the loss of possessions and loved ones"
Job 2:5stretch out your handHere "hand" refers to God's power to act. "But now use your power." See how you translated this in [Job 01:11](../01/11.md).
Job 2:5touchHere "touch" represents the action of harming. Alternate Translation: "attack"
Job 2:10sin with his lipsHere "lips" represents the act of speaking. Alternate Translation: "sin by speaking against God"
Job 3:10from my eyesHere "eyes" represents the person who sees with them. Alternate Translation: "from me"
Job 3:18the voice of the slave driverHere "voice" is a metonym for the power that the slave drivers have over the slaves. Alternate Translation: "They are no longer under the control of the slave drivers"
Job 3:22the graveHere the grave represents death.
Job 4:3you have strengthened weak handsHere "weak hands" represents people who need help. Alternate Translation: "you have helped others when they needed help"
Job 6:30on my tongueHere Job's speech is represented by his "tongue." Alternate Translation: "in my speech"
Job 7:10his placeThe words "his place" represent those who live in his place. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in his place" or "his family"
Job 7:11I will not restrain my mouthHere the mouth represents speech. Alternate Translation: "I will not restrain my speech"
Job 7:13My bed will comfort me, and my couch will ease my complaintHere "bed" and "couch" are metonyms for "sleep." In lying down to sleep, Job would hope to be comforted. The metonyms also have human attributes; they have the ability to comfort and ease a person. Alternate Translation: "My bed, my couch, will be like someone who can comfort me"
Job 7:17set your mind on himHere the mind represents thoughts and attention. To "set your mind on" means to give attention to. Alternate Translation: "direct your attention to him"
Job 7:21now will I lie down in the dustThe phrase "lie down in the dust" is a metonym that represents dying. Alternate Translation: "now I will die"
Job 8:4for he gave them into the hand of their sinsHere "hand" represents the power or results of sin. Bildad implies that God killed Job's children because of their sin. Alternate Translation: "for God caused the consequences of your children's sins to kill them"
Job 8:10from their heartsHere the word "hearts" represents their inner beliefs. Alternate Translation: "that they sincerely believe"
Job 8:13So also are the paths of all who forget GodHere "the paths" represents a person's future and the events that will happen to them. Alternate Translation: "The same thing will happen to everyone who forgets God"
Job 8:20neither will he take the hand of evildoersHere "take the hand" refers to help or support. Alternate Translation: "God will not support people who do evil things"
Job 9:4wise in heartHere the heart represents the inner being or thoughts. Alternate Translation: "wise in what he decides"
Job 9:20my own mouth would condemn meHere "mouth" represents Job's words. Alternate Translation: "my own words would accuse me" or "what I say would condemn me"
Job 9:23the despair of the innocentThe word "despair" is an abstract noun that can be translated by the verb "despair." Here it is a metonym for the innocent who are despairing. Alternate Translation: "the innocent who are despairing" or "the innocent who have lost all hope"
Job 9:24The earth isHere "the earth" is used to represent the people on the earth. Alternate Translation: "The people of the world are"
Job 9:24into the hand ofHere "hand" is a metonym for "control." Alternate Translation: "into the control of"
Job 9:32come together in courtcome together to trial. Here "court" is a place where people can come and a judge will settle disputes. "Coming together in court" is a metonym for going against each other in a court of law. Alternate Translation: "confront each other before a judge"
Job 9:34take God's rod off meHere "God's rod" is a metonym for God punishing or correcting Job. Alternate Translation: "stop God from punishing me"
Job 11:5that God would speak ... open his lips against youThe words "open his lips" are a metonym that means speak. These two phrases mean the same thing and are used together to emphasize Zophar's desire that God would speak harshly against Job.
Job 11:14suppose that iniquity were in your handThe hand represents what a person does. Alternate Translation: "even if you had done some evil things in the past"
Job 11:15lift up your face without a sign of shameLifting up your face represents the attitude of a person who is confident and brave.
Job 12:6The tents of robbers prosperTheir tents prospering represents the robbers prospering in their tents. Alternate Translation: "Robbers live in prosperity in their own tents"
Job 12:6their own hands are their godsHere "their own hands" is a metonym for strength, and "their gods" is a metaphor for their pride. Alternate Translation: "they are extremely proud of their own abilities"
Job 12:9the hand of Yahweh has done thisYahweh's hand represents his power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has done this by his power"
Job 12:10In his hand is the life ... and the breath of all mankindYahweh's hand represents his control or power. Alternate Translation: "God controls the life of every living thing and gives breath to all mankind"
Job 12:10the breath of all mankindHere "breath" represents life or the ability to live.
Job 12:18He takes off the chain of authority from kingsPossible meanings are that 1) this is a metonym for causing kings to no longer have authority. Alternate Translation: "He takes away the authority of kings" or 2) this is a metonym for setting people free from the chains that kings have put on them. Alternate Translation: "He takes off the bonds that kings have put on people"
Job 12:18he wraps a cloth about their waistsThis cloth is probably what a slave wears. To put these cloths on kings represents making the kings slaves. Alternate Translation: "he makes kings wear the clothing of slaves" or "he makes them slaves"
Job 12:20He removes the speech of those who had been trustedRemoving their speech represents making them unable to speak. Alternate Translation: "He makes those who were trusted unable to speak" or "He silences people whom others trusted"
Job 12:20takes away the understanding of the eldersTaking away their understanding represents making them unable to understand or make good decisions. Alternate Translation: "makes the elders unable to understand" or "makes the elders unable to make good decisions"
Job 12:23he also leads them along as prisonersGod leading nations represents God causing enemy nations to lead them. The word "them" represents nations, which here represents the people of those nations. Alternate Translation: "he also causes their enemies to lead them along as prisoners"
Job 13:14I will take my own flesh ... in my handsFlesh here is a metonym for life. "Teeth" and "hands" are metonyms for his own control. These two phrases together emphasize that Job is willing to risk his life by arguing his case with God. Alternate Translation: "I am ready to risk my life"
Job 13:21withdraw your oppressive handAn oppressive hand is a metonym for doing things that oppress someone. Withdrawing the hand is a metaphor for stopping doing those things. Alternate Translation: "stop oppressing me"
Job 13:21do not let your terrors make me afraidThe phrase "your terrors" refers to what causes people to be terrified of God. Alternate Translation: "do not terrify me"
Job 14:5The number of his months is with youThe number of man's months being with God represents God deciding the number of months that the man will live. "You decide how many months he will live"
Job 14:15for the work of your handsHere God's hands represent him making things. Job refers to himself as the work of God's hands. Alternate Translation: "for me, whom you have made"
Job 14:16my footstepsFootsteps represent his life or what he does. Alternate Translation: "my life" or "the things I do"
Job 15:5to have the tongue of a crafty manThis refers to the way a crafty man speaks as his "tongue." Alternate Translation: "to speak in the way of a crafty man"
Job 15:12Why does your heart carry you away?Here the "heart" represents a person's emotions. Alternate Translation: "Why do your emotions take you away?" or "Why do you allow your emotions to guide your decisions?"
Job 15:22the sword waits for himHere "the sword" is a metonym that represents an enemy who is waiting to kill the evil man. Possible meanings are 1) he is worried that someone will murder him. Alternate Translation: "he worries that someone is about to murder him" or 2) it is certain that he is going to be murdered. Alternate Translation: "someone is waiting to murder him"
Job 15:30out of darknessDarkness here represents death. Alternate Translation: "out of the darkness of death"
Job 15:30the breath of God's mouthHere God's "breath" represents his judgement. Alternate Translation: "God's breath" or "God's judgment"
Job 16:5I would strengthen you with my mouth, and the quivering of my lips will bring you relief!The words "mouth" and "lips" are metonyms for the words or messages that a person speaks using his mouth and lips. Here Job is speaking sarcastically and means the opposite of what he says. Alternate Translation: "My words would surely not be encouraging to you! They would surely not lighten your grief" or "By speaking to you as you spoke to me earlier, I would not encourage you or lighten your grief!"
Job 16:5with my mouthHere Job's "mouth" represents what he says. Alternate Translation: "with what I say"
Job 16:5the quivering of my lipsThis is a metonym for the words or message that he speaks. Alternate Translation: "my comforting words"
Job 16:11throws me into the handsHere a person's "hands" refer to his "control." Alternate Translation: "delivers me to the control"
Job 16:17there is no violence in my handsHands refers to a person's ability and activity. Alternate Translation: "I have not acted violently"
Job 16:18Earth, do not cover up my bloodJob speaks of himself dying as if he would be murdered. Here his "blood" is a metonym referring to his death. Alternate Translation: "Earth, when I die, do not hide how I died unfairly" or "Let it not be hidden how I died unfairly"
Job 17:7My eye is also dim because of sorrowJob speaks of his vision as his "eyes." Alternate Translation: "My vision has become weak because I am so sad" or "I am almost blind because of my sorrow"
Job 17:11my plans are shattered, and so are the desires of my heartHere Job's "heart" represents his inner being. Alternate Translation: "my plans will never happen, nor will the things that I have desired most"
Job 18:3regardedRegarding, looking, is a metonym here for thinking well or badly of someone.
Job 18:18from light into darknessThe word "light" refers to life, and the word "darkness" refers to death. Alternate Translation: "from the light of life to the darkness of death"
Job 19:16although I entreat him with my mouthThe phrase "my mouth" is a metonym which refers to Job speaking. Alternate Translation: "even though I speak to him and plead with him"
Job 19:17My breath is offensive to my wifeHere "breath" represents the smell of his breath. If something is offensive to someone, it means that he hates it. Alternate Translation: "My wife hates the smell of my breath"
Job 19:21for the hand of God has touched meHere "touched me" is a metonym for "hit me." And, "hand" represents God's power. Causing Job to suffer is spoken of as if Yahweh were physically hitting him with his hand. Alternate Translation: "because God has afflicted me"
Job 19:25at last he will stand on the earthThis refers to standing to speak in court. Possible meanings are 1) the Redeemer will be the last one to speak in the court. Alternate Translation: "he will judge whether or not I am guilty" or 2) the Redeemer will stand in this final court to defend Job. Alternate Translation: "at last he will defend me in court"
Job 19:26in my flesh I will see GodHis flesh represents his body, and "in my flesh" represents being alive. Alternate Translation: "while I live in my body, I will see God"
Job 19:29then be afraid of the swordPossible meanings are that the sword represents 1) God judging them. Alternate Translation: "then be afraid that God will judge you" or 2) God killing them. Alternate Translation: "then be afraid that God will kill you"
Job 20:9his placeThe phrase "his place" represents those who live in his place. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in his place" or "his family"
Job 20:10his hands will have to give back his wealthHere the word "hands" refers to the wicked man's children. When he dies, his children will have to return everything that he took from others.
Job 20:11but it will lie down with him in the dustThe word "it" refers to his youthful strength. The metonym "lie down ... in the dust" represents dying. The strength dying is a metaphor for disappearing. Alternate Translation: "but his youthful strength will die with him" or "but his youthful strength will disappear when he dies"
Job 20:15God will cast them out of his stomachHere "cast them out of his stomach" is a metonym for causing the man to vomit them. This is a metaphor for causing the man to lose his riches.
Job 20:16the viper's tongue will kill himThe viper is a poisonous snake. Its tongue represents its poisonous bite. Alternate Translation: "the viper's poisonous bite will kill him" or "the viper will bite him and he will die"
Job 20:22the hand of everyone who is in poverty will come against himHere "hand" represents power, and "hand ... will come against him" represents people attacking him. The abstract noun "poverty" can be expressed with the adjective "poor." Alternate Translation: "everyone who is in poverty will attack him" or "everyone who is poor will attack him"
Job 20:23to fill his stomachHere "fill his stomach" is a metonym meaning eat a lot.
Job 20:24will flee from the iron weaponThe iron weapon represents the person carrying it. Alternate Translation: "will flee from the person carrying an iron weapon"
Job 20:24a bow of bronze will shoot himThe bow represents the person who shoots an arrow with it. Alternate Translation: "someone with a bronze bow will shoot him"
Job 20:27The heavens ... the earthPossible meanings are: 1) those who live in the heavens and the earth or 2) Zophar is describing the heavens and the earth as if they are humans who will testify in court against the wicked person.
Job 20:28the day of God's wrathHere "wrath" represents punishment. The abstract noun "wrath" can be expressed with the verb punish. Alternate Translation: "the day when God punishes people"
Job 21:9Their housesHere "houses" refers to the family members that lives in them. Alternate Translation: "Their families"
Job 21:9rod of GodThis refers to God's punishment.
Job 21:16See, is not their prosperity in their own hands?Here "hands" refers to their power or control. Job uses this question to challenge his friends. Alternate Translation: "Look, these wicked people claim that they make themselves prosper!"
Job 22:9the arms of the fatherless have been brokenHere "arms" refer to power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "you even oppressed orphans"
Job 22:22instruction from his mouthHere "from his mouth" represents what God has spoken. Alternate Translation: "the instruction that God has spoken"
Job 22:22your heartHere "heart" refers to Job's thoughts. Alternate Translation: "your mind"
Job 23:2my hand ... heavy because of my groaningPossible meanings are 1) "I can barely lift my hand because of my groaning" or 2) "God's hand continues to make me suffer in spite of my groaning" where "hand" refers to God's power to punish.
Job 23:4fill my mouth with argumentsHere "fill my mouth" refers to speaking. Alternate Translation: "I would speak all of my arguments"
Job 23:12of his lipsThis phrase refers to the message that God spoke. Alternate Translation: "that he spoke"
Job 25:6a son of manThis is another way of referring to a person. Alternate Translation: "a person"
Job 27:2made my life bitterJob's "life" being bitter represents Job feeling resentful toward God. Alternate Translation: "has caused me to become resentful" or "has made me feel angry because of the unfair way he has treated me"
Job 27:3the breath from God is in my nostrilsBreath ... in my nostrils represents being able to breathe. "Breath from God" represents God making him able to breathe. Alternate Translation: "God enables me to breathe"
Job 27:6my thoughts will not reproach meHere the phrase "my thoughts" represents Job. Alternate Translation: "even in my thoughts, I will not reproach myself"
Job 27:9Will God hear his cryHere "hear his cry" represents responding to the godless man's cry and helping him. Alternate Translation: "Will God respond to his cry"
Job 27:11the hand of GodGod's "hand" represents his power. Alternate Translation: "the power of God"
Job 27:14it is for the swordHere "the sword" represents dying in battle. Alternate Translation: "they will die in battle"
Job 27:15will be buried by plagueHere "be buried" represents dying. Alternate Translation: "will die by plague"
Job 27:19he opens his eyesOpening his eyes represents waking up in the morning. Alternate Translation: "he wakes up"
Job 28:3A man sets an end to darknessHere "sets an end to darkness" represents shining a light in the darkness. People used a lantern or a torch for light. Alternate Translation: "A man carries light into dark places"
Job 28:9lays his hand on the flinty rockThis represents breaking up the rock. Alternate Translation: "digs into the flinty rock"
Job 29:10their tongue clung to the roof of their mouthsThis represents them having so much respect for Job that they had nothing to say. Alternate Translation: "they felt that they were unable to speak" or "they had nothing to say"
Job 29:25sat as their chiefHere "sat" represents ruling or leading. Chiefs sat down when they made important decisions. Alternate Translation: "led them as their chief"
Job 29:25sat as their chiefJob was their chief. Alternate Translation: "led them because I was their chief"
Job 30:3they gnawed at the dry groundPossible meanings are that 1) "dry ground" is a metonym for the dry roots that grow in the ground. Alternate Translation: "they chewed on the dry roots they found in the ground" or 2) "gnawed at the dried ground" is a metonym for eating whatever they could find in the dry ground.
Job 30:8They were driven out of the land with whipsThis can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) the idea of whips implies that they were being treated like criminals. Alternate Translation: "People treated them like criminals and forced them to leave the land" or 2) people actually used whips to force them out. Alternate Translation: "People whipped them and forced them to leave the land"
Job 30:9I have become a byword for themHere "byword" is a metonym for the person about whom people make cruel jokes. Alternate Translation: "I am now one whom they make cruel jokes about" or "They joke and say cruel things about me"
Job 30:12Upon my right hand rise the rabblethe rabble rise upon my right hand. Possible meanings are 1) rising upon Job's right hand represents attacking his strength. Alternate Translation: "Gangs of young people attack my strength" or 2) rising upon Job's right hand represents attacking his honor. Alternate Translation: "Mobs attack my honor"
Job 30:18God's great force has seized my clothingJob speaks of God using his force as if God's force were actually doing something. Here "God's ... force" stands for "God." Alternate Translation: "God has seized my clothing by his great force"
Job 30:21with the strength of your hand you persecute meThe word "hand" represents God's power. Alternate Translation: "you persecute me with your power"
Job 30:31my harp is tuned for songs of mourningHere "my harp" represents Job himself, and also represents his desire to sing only songs of mourning. Alternate Translation: "I play only songs of mourning on my harp"
Job 30:31my flute for the singing of those who wailHere "my flute" represents Job himself, and also his desire to sing only songs of crying. Alternate Translation: "I play only songs of wailing on my flute"
Job 31:7if my heart has gone after my eyesHere "my heart" and "my eyes" are metonyms for what Job desires and sees. The heart going after the eyes is a metaphor for desiring to do what he sees. It is implied that this refers to sinful things that Job sees. Alternate Translation: "if I have have wanted to do any sinful things that I see"
Job 31:12it would burn all my harvest to the rootThe word "it" here refers to the action sleeping with another man's wife. This action is a metonym for the punishment that Job would suffer as a result of the action. A fire burning up his harvest is a synecdoche for losing everything he has worked for. Alternate Translation: "those who punish me would take away everything I have worked for"
Job 31:20because he has not been warmed with the wool of my sheepHere "the wool of my sheep" represents blankets or clothing made from the wool of Job's sheep. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "because the wool of my sheep has not warmed him" or "because I have not given him clothing made from the wool of my sheep"
Job 31:21if I have lifted up my hand against fatherless peopleLifting up the hand against someone represents threatening to harm him. Alternate Translation: "if I have threatened to harm fatherless people"
Job 31:25my hand had gotten many possessionsHere "my hand" represents Job's ability to do things. Alternate Translation: "I have gained many possessions by my own ability"
Job 31:30by asking for his life with a curseHere "asking for his life with a curse" represents cursing someone's life so that he will die. Alternate Translation: "by cursing him so that he would die" or "by cursing his life"
Job 31:31the men of my tentThe tent represents Job's household. The men of his tent includes family members and servants. All of these knew Job well. Alternate Translation: "the men of my household" or "my family members and servants"
Job 31:32even the foreigner has never had to stay in the city squareJob is explaining how he truly treated foreigners. Here "stay in the city square" represents sleeping overnight in the city square. Alternate Translation: "foreigners have never had to sleep in the city square" or "foreigners have never had to sleep outside"
Job 31:32I have always opened my doors to the travelerHere "opened my doors to the traveler" represents welcoming the traveler into his home. Alternate Translation: "I have always welcomed the traveler into my home"
Job 31:39to lose their livesThis represents dying. Alternate Translation: "to die"
Job 32:7Length of days should speak; a multitude of years should teach wisdomThese two lines mean the same thing. Elihu emphasizes that since older people are wiser than younger people, they should be the first to speak of what they know. Alternate Translation: "He who has lived many years should speak; He would is older should teach wisdom"
Job 32:8the breath of the AlmightyHere the spirit is represented by "breath." Alternate Translation: "the spirit of the Almighty"
Job 33:11my pathsThese words refer to where he goes. Here where he goes represents what he does. Alternate Translation: "everything that I do"
Job 33:18from crossing over to deathHere "death" represents the place where people go when they die, that is, sheol. Alternate Translation: "from going to sheol"
Job 33:28my life will continue to see lightHere the person is represented by his "life." Also, living is spoken of as seeing the light. Alternate Translation: "I will continue to live and see the daylight" or "I will continue to live"
Job 34:19for they all are the work of his handsHere "hands" refer to power. Alternate Translation: "for God made them all"
Job 34:21For God's eyes are upon a person's waysGod's "eyes" represent his sight. The phrase "a person's ways" is an idiom for what he does and how he lives. Alternate Translation: "For God watches everything a person does"
Job 34:32teach me what I cannot seeHere to "see" means to know. Alternate Translation: "teach me what I have done wrong that I am not aware of"
Job 34:33that person's sinHere punishing the person because of his sin is referred to as punishing the "person's sin." Alternate Translation: "that person because of his sin"
Job 35:9they call for help from the arms of mighty menHere "arms" refers to power or strength. Alternate Translation: "they call for someone to deliver them from the power of mighty men"
Job 35:15his anger does not punishHere "his anger" is a metonym for "him." Alternate Translation: "he never punishes anyone because he is angry"
Job 36:13who are godless in heartHere the word "heart" refers to the thoughts and emotions. The phrase may indicate that the person stubbornly refuses to trust God. Alternate Translation: "who refuse to trust in God"
Job 37:24those who are wise in their own mindsHere "minds" represents the person's thoughts. Alternate Translation: "those who are wise in their own thinking" or "those who consider themselves to be wise"
Job 39:3then they finish their labor painsPossible meanings are 1) their labor pains are over when the birth is finished or 2) "labor pains" is a metonym that refers to the offspring of the goats and deer because they are the result of the mother's labor and pain. Alternate Translation: "send out their offspring from their womb"
Job 39:19clothe his neck with his flowing maneThe horse's "mane" is spoken of as if it was clothing for the neck of the horse. Alternate Translation: "made his flowing main to cover his neck like clothes"
Job 39:21to meet the weaponsHere "the weapons" represent the battle in which they are used. Alternate Translation: "to join in the battle"
Job 39:26stretches out his wings for the southHere the stretching out of his wings refers to flying. Alternate Translation: "flies to the south"
Job 42:6despise myselfJob's self is a metonym for what he said. Alternate Translation: "I despise the things I said"
Job 42:9Yahweh accepted JobThe person is a metonym for the prayer he prays. Alternate Translation: "God accepted Job's prayer for his three friends"
Psa 1:1or sit in the assembly of mockersSitting with people who mock God represents joining people who mock God. Alternate Translation: "or join those who mock God" or "or mock God with others who mock him"
Psa 1:5nor sinners in the assembly of the righteousBeing accepted by God as righteous is spoken of as standing with the group of righteous people. Alternate Translation: "and God will not accept sinners along with the righteous people"
Psa 2:1the nationsThis represents either the leaders or the people of the nations.
Psa 3:3my gloryyou are my glory. By calling God his glory, David says that God is the one who gives him glory. Since David has just spoken about his enemies and God being his protector, he probably meant that God gives him glory by giving him victory over his enemies. Alternate Translation: "you are the one who gives me glory" or "you are the one who gives me victory"
Psa 3:4I lift up my voiceUsing one's voice to cry out is spoken as as lifting up his voice. Alternate Translation: "I cry out"
Psa 3:7Rise upDavid speaks of starting to do something as getting up. Alternate Translation: "Take action" or "Do something"
Psa 4:4Meditate in your heartThe heart represents a person's thoughts. Thinking carefully is spoken of as meditating in one's heart. Alternate Translation: "Think carefully"
Psa 4:6Who will show us anything good?Possible meanings are 1) showing something good represents bringing good things. Alternate Translation: "Who will bring good things to us?" or 2) showing something good represents saying that good things have happened. Alternate Translation: "Who will say that anything good has happened?"
Psa 4:7when their grain and new wine aboundNew wine may represent grapes. Alternate Translation: "when they reap plentiful harvests of grain and grapes"
Psa 5:9For there is no truth in their mouthTruth being in the mouth represents speaking truthfully. Alternate Translation: "For they never say what is true"
Psa 5:9their inward being is wickedThe inward being represents people's thoughts and desires. Alternate Translation: "their thoughts and desires are wicked"
Psa 5:9their throatThe throat represents people's speech. Alternate Translation: "their speech" or "what they say"
Psa 5:9their tongueThe tongue represents what people say.
Psa 5:11those who love your nameGod's name represents him. At: "those who love you"
Psa 6:5For in death there is no remembrance of youThe abstract noun "remembrance" represents praise. Alternate Translation: "For when people die, they no longer praise you"
Psa 6:6I am weary with my groaningHis groaning represents the pain or distress that he feels. Alternate Translation: "I am very tired because of my pain"
Psa 6:7My eyes grow dimThe ability to see is spoken of in terms of the eyes. Alternate Translation: "My vision is blurry" or "I cannot see clearly"
Psa 6:7from griefGrief here represents crying. Alternate Translation: "from crying" or "because I cry so much"
Psa 7:5my lifeThe life represents the person. Alternate Translation: "me"
Psa 7:5overtake meThis represents capturing him. Alternate Translation: "capture me"
Psa 7:5let him trample my life to the groundHere "my life" represents the writer. Alternate Translation: "allow him to destroy me"
Psa 7:6Arise, Yahweh, in your angerArising represents doing something or taking action. Alternate Translation: "Do something in your anger" or "Be angry at my enemies and take action:
Psa 7:6stand up against the rage of my enemiesFighting against people is spoken of as standing up against them. Alternate Translation: "fight against the rage of my enemies" or "attack my enemies who rage against me"
Psa 7:6the rage of my enemiesTheir rage represents their attacks. Alternate Translation: "the attacks of my enemies" or "my enemies who attack me"
Psa 7:9you who examine hearts and mindsThe hearts and minds represent people's desires and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "you who know our inner thoughts"
Psa 8:1how magnificent is your name in all the earthGod's "name" represents his whole being. Alternate Translation: "people all over the world know that you are very great"
Psa 8:6the works of your handsThe hands represent what God has done. Alternate Translation: "the things that you made"
Psa 8:9your nameGod's "name" represents him or his reputation. Alternate Translation: "your reputation"
Psa 9:2I will sing praise to your nameHere God's name represents God. Alternate Translation: "I will sing praise to you"
Psa 9:4you sit on your throne, a righteous judgeKings had authority to judge people, and they would sit on their throne when they judged. David speaks as if God were an earthly king. Alternate Translation: "you judge like a king who sits on his throne, and you are righteous"
Psa 9:7Yahweh remains foreverRemain probably represents sitting on the throne as king. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh sits on his throne forever" or "Yahweh rules forever"
Psa 9:7he has established his throne for justiceThe phrase "his throne" represents God's rule. Possible meanings are 1) "He rules in order to judge people" or "He rules over people justly"
Psa 9:8He will judge the world with righteousnessHere "the world" refers to all the people in the world. Alternate Translation: "He will judge all the people of the world righteously"
Psa 9:10Those who know your nameHere the words "your name" represent God. Alternate Translation: "Those who know you"
Psa 9:11tell the nationsHere "the nations" represents the people of the nations.
Psa 9:19AriseGetting up represents starting to do something. Alternate Translation: "Do something" or "Take action"
Psa 9:19be judgedHere judging represents punishing. Alternate Translation: "be punished"
Psa 9:19in your sightHere sight represents presence. Alternate Translation: "in your presence"
Psa 10:7His mouth is full of cursing and deceptive, harmful wordsWhat people say is spoken of as being in their mouth. Alternate Translation: "He always curses people and says things that are deceptive and harmful" or "He always curses people, tells lies, and threatens to harm people"
Psa 10:7his tongue injures and destroysHere the tongue represents speaking. Alternate Translation: or "what he says injures and destroys people" or "he speaks words that threaten and hurt people"
Psa 10:12Lift up your handHere lifting the hand to hit someone represents punishing him. Alternate Translation: "Hit him hard" or "Punish the wicked person"
Psa 10:13You will not hold me accountableYou will not require me to tell you why I do what I do. Holding someone accountable here represents punishing him. Alternate Translation: "You will not punish me"
Psa 10:15Break the arm of the wicked and evil manHere "arm" represents power. Alternate Translation: "Destroy the power of the wicked and evil man" or "Make the wicked and evil man weak"
Psa 10:15Make him account for his evil deedsMaking someone account for his evil deeds represents punishing him. Alternate Translation: "Punish him for the evil things he has done"
Psa 10:17you strengthen their heartA strong heart represents courage, and making people's hearts strong represents encouraging them. Alternate Translation: "you encourage them" or "you make them confident"
Psa 12:2everyone speaks with flattering lips and a double heartHere "lips" is a metonym for what people say, and "a double heart" is a metaphor for deception. Alternate Translation: "everyone speaks with flattering words and deception" or "everyone praises people falsely and tells lies"
Psa 12:4With our tongues will we prevailHere the word "tongues" represents what people say. Alternate Translation: "We will prevail because of what we say"
Psa 14:7Oh, that the salvation of Israel would come from Zion!Here "the salvation of Israel" is a metonym for Yahweh, the one who saves Israel. Alternate Translation: "Oh, that Yahweh would come from Zion and save Israel!" or "I wish that Yahweh would come from Zion and rescue his people Israel!"
Psa 15:1Who may live on your holy hill?God's "holy hill" represents God's temple, which was on Mount Zion. Alternate Translation: "Who may live in your holy place?"
Psa 15:3He does not slander with his tongueHere "tongue" represents what a person says. The word "he" refers to the "righeous person" ([Psalms 15:02](./002.md)). Alternate Translation: "He does not slander people with his speech" or "He does not say evil things about innocent people"
Psa 16:6Measuring lines ... in pleasant placesHere laying down measuring lines is a metonym for measuring land and giving it to someone, and here this is a metaphor for God blessing David in many great ways. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "You have measured off land for me in pleasant places" or "You have given me land in pleasant places" or "You bless me like one who gives land in pleasant places"
Psa 16:9my heart is gladHere the "heart" represents the speaker's thoughts and emotions. Alternate Translation: "Therefore I am glad"
Psa 17:4it is at the word of your lips that I have kept myself from the ways of the lawlessHere "the word of your lips" is a metonym for God's instruction, and "the ways of the lawless" is a metaphor for the things that lawless people do. Alternate Translation: "it is by obeying your instruction that I have kept myself from doing the things that lawless people do" or "your instruction has caused me to avoid doing wicked things"
Psa 17:7your right handThe "right hand" refers to God's power. Alternate Translation: "your mighty power"
Psa 17:11They have surrounded my stepsHere "surrounded my steps" represents how David's enemies have followed him everywhere he goes in order to capture him. Alternate Translation: "My enemies have surrounded me"
Psa 17:13by your sword ... by your handHere "sword" and "hand" both represent the power of Yahweh.
Psa 17:14by your sword ... by your handHere "sword" and "hand" both represent the power of Yahweh.
Psa 18:1from the hand of SaulHere "hand" stands for the power of Saul. Alternate Translation: "from Saul's power"
Psa 18:20my hands were cleanHere having clean hands represents being innocent of wrongdoing. Alternate Translation: "I was innocent" or "my actions were right"
Psa 18:24my hands were cleanTo have "clean hands" means that one is innocent of wrongdoing. See how you translated this in [Psalms 18:20](./020.md): Alternate Translation: "I was innocent" or "my actions were right"
Psa 18:35Your right hand has supported meHere God's right hand represents his power. Alternate Translation: "Your power has supported me" or "You have supported me by your power"
Psa 18:35your favor has made me greatHere God's favor represents him acting according to his favor. Alternate Translation: "You have made me great according to your favor" or "By your kindness, you have made me great"
Psa 18:40You gave me the back of my enemies' necksThis represents God giving David victory over his enemies. Alternate Translation: "You gave me victory over my enemies"
Psa 18:40You gave me the back of my enemies' necksThis represents God giving David victory over his enemies. Possible images are 1) David could cut his enemies' heads off at the neck or 2) David could put his foot down on his enemies' necks or 3) David could see his enemies' backs when they ran away from him.
Psa 18:43have made me the head over nationsHere "head" represents the ruler. Alternate Translation: "appointed me to be the ruler over many nations"
Psa 18:49to your nameHere "name" represents God himself. Alternate Translation: "in honor of your name" or "to you"
Psa 19:14the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heartThese expressions taken together describe everything a person says and thinks. Alternate Translation: "the things I say and the things I think about"
Psa 20:1may the name of the God of Jacob protect youPossible meanings are 1) here "name" is a metonym for God's power. Alternate Translation: "may the power of the God of Jacob protect you" or "may the God of Jacob protect you by his power" or 2) here "name" is a metonym for God himself. Alternate Translation: "may the God of Jacob protect you"
Psa 20:5in the name of our GodHere "name" represents honor or reputation. Alternate Translation: "in honor of our God" or "for the reputation of our God"
Psa 20:6with the strength of his right hand that can rescue himGod's right hand represents his power. Alternate Translation: "with his great strength he will rescue him"
Psa 20:7Some trust in chariots and others in horsesHere "chariots" and "horses" represent a king's army.
Psa 21:8Your hand will seizeHere "hand" represents power. Alternate Translation: "Your power will seize" or "You will powerfully seize"
Psa 22:3of IsraelHere "Israel" represents the people of Israel.
Psa 22:19my strengthHere "strength" represents Yahweh who gives him strength. Alternate Translation: "you who give me strength"
Psa 22:20the swordThe sword is a common way of referring to a violent enemy. Alternate Translation: "those who want to kill me" or "my enemies"
Psa 22:22I will declare your nameI will make known your name. Here "name" stands for God's character or reputation. Alternate Translation: "I will talk about your character"
Psa 22:24he has not ... abhorred the suffering of the afflicted oneHere, suffering is a metonym for the person who suffers. To abhor something is to think of it as horrible. Alternate Translation: "he has not ... thought of the afflicted one who suffers as horrible"
Psa 22:28For the kingdom is Yahweh'sFor the kingdom belongs to Yahweh. Here "kingdom" represents God's rule as king. Alternate Translation: "For Yahweh is king"
Psa 22:28he is the ruler over the nationsHere "nations" represents the people of the nations. Alternate Translation: "he rules the people of the nations"
Psa 22:29those who are descending into the dustHere "dust" represents the grave. The phrase "descending into the dust" is a way of referring to someone dying. Alternate Translation: "those who are dying" or "those who die"
Psa 22:30A generation to comeHere "A generation" represents the people of a generation. The phrase "to come" speaks about a future time as if it were something that travels and arrives somewhere. Alternate Translation: "People in the future generations"
Psa 22:30the next generationHere "generation" represents the people of that generation. Alternate Translation: "the people of the next generation" or "their children"
Psa 23:3for his name's sakeThe phrase "his name" here refers to his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for his reputation" or "so that people will honor him"
Psa 23:4your rod and your staff comfort meThe rod and staff represent protection because shepherds use them to protect their sheep from danger. Alternate Translation: "I am not afraid because you protect me like a shepherd who protects his sheep with his rod and staff"
Psa 23:5You prepare a tableA table represents a feast because people would put all the food on a table.
Psa 24:4who has clean handsThe word "hands" represents what a person does. For his "hands" to be clean means he does what is right. Alternate Translation: "who does what is right"
Psa 24:4a pure heartHere "heart" represents a person's thoughts or motives. Alternate Translation: "thinks good thoughts" or "does not think about doing what is wrong"
Psa 24:4who has not lifted up a falsehoodHere "falsehood" represents a false idol. To "lift up" means to worship. Alternate Translation: "who has not worshiped an idol"
Psa 24:6Such is the generation of those who seek himHere "generation" represents people in general. Alternate Translation: "The people who seek him are like this"
Psa 25:11For your name's sakeThe phrase "your name" here refers to Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "For your reputation" or "So that people will honor you"
Psa 25:15My eyes are always on YahwehHere "eyes" represents looking. It is implied that he looks to Yahweh for help. Alternate Translation: "I always look to Yahweh to help me" or "I always depend on Yahweh to help me"
Psa 25:17The troubles of my heart are enlargedHere "heart" represents a person's emotions. Alternate Translation: "I feel more and more troubled"
Psa 25:22Israel ... his troublesHere "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel ... our troubles"
Psa 26:8the place where your glory livesHere "glory" represents the presence and power of God, which is similar to a very bright light. Alternate Translation: "the place where people can see the glorious light of your presence"
Psa 26:9people who are bloodthirstyThe word "bloodthirsty" represents wanting to kill people. Alternate Translation: "people who are eager to shed others' blood" or "murderers"
Psa 27:1Yahweh is my lightHere "light" represents life. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh is the source of my life"
Psa 27:6my head will be lifted up above my enemiesThis represents the writer receiving pride or honor when he defeats his enemies. It can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "people will honor me when I win the fight against my enemies" or "God will honor me by enabling me to defeat my enemies"
Psa 27:7Hear, Yahweh, my voiceThe "voice" often represents a person who speak or calls out. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh, hear me"
Psa 27:8My heart saysHere "heart" represents a person's mind or thoughts. Alternate Translation: "In my heart I say" or "I say to myself"
Psa 27:9Do not hide your face from meThe face here represents Yahweh's attention, and hiding the face represents rejecting someone. Alternate Translation: "Do not reject me" or "Do not stop taking care of me"
Psa 28:2Hear the sound of my pleadingHere "sound" refers to the content of his request. Alternate Translation: "Hear my strong request"
Psa 28:3but have evil in their heartsHere "hearts" represents a person's mind or thoughts. Alternate Translation: "but are thinking something evil about them"
Psa 28:4the work of their handsHere "hands" represent what the person has done. Alternate Translation: "the things they have done"
Psa 28:5the work of his handsHere "hands" represents what Yahweh has done or created. Alternate Translation: "what he has created"
Psa 28:6he has heard the sound of my pleadingHere "sound" represents what the writer said. Alternate Translation: "has heard what I said when I pleaded to him"
Psa 28:8his anointed oneThe represents the king.
Psa 29:2his name deservesThe phrase "his name" refers to Yahweh or his reputation. Alternate Translation: "as is proper because of who he is"
Psa 29:3The voice of YahwehAll occurrences of "voice" here represent Yahweh speaking. The writer is emphasizing that when Yahweh speaks, the sound is so loud it is heard over the waters, and it is so powerful it can destroy the largest trees. Alternate Translation: "When Yahweh speaks, his voice"
Psa 29:7The voice of Yahweh sends out flames of fireAll occurrences of "voice" here represent Yahweh speaking. Alternate Translation: "When Yahweh speaks he causes lightning to flash in the sky"
Psa 29:9The voice of Yahweh causesHere "voice" represents Yahweh speaking. Alternate Translation: "When Yahweh speaks, the sound causes"
Psa 29:10Yahweh sits as kingThis means that Yahweh rules. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh rules" or "Yahweh is king"
Psa 29:11Yahweh blesses his people with peaceThe word "peace" is an abstract noun. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh blesses his people by causing them to prosper and to live peacefully"
Psa 30:3brought up my soul from SheolSince "Sheol" was the place where dead people go, it refers to death. Alternate Translation: "kept me from dying"
Psa 30:3from going down to the graveThe "grave" represents death. Alternate Translation: "from dying"
Psa 30:5a momentHere "moment" represents a short amount of time. Alternate Translation: "a short time"
Psa 30:9the dustThis refers to the body of the writer which will decay and become dust when he is dead. Alternate Translation: "my decayed body"
Psa 30:11you have removed my sackclothSackcloth was associated with mourning and sorrow. Alternate Translation: "You have caused me to no longer be sad"
Psa 31:3for your name's sakeIn this phrase "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "so that your name may be honored" or "so that I may worship you"
Psa 31:10For my life is wearyHere "my life" refers to the writer. Alternate Translation: "I have become very weak"
Psa 31:10My strength failsHere "My strength" refers to the writer. Alternate Translation: "I have become weak"
Psa 31:10my bones are wasting awayHere "my bones" refers to the physical health of the writer. Alternate Translation: "my health is failing"
Psa 31:15My times are in your handHere "your hand" refers to Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "You have the power to decide my future"
Psa 31:17May they be silent in SheolHere "in Sheol" represents death. Alternate Translation: "Let them die so they cannot speak"
Psa 31:18lying lipsThese represent lying people. Alternate Translation: "people who lie"
Psa 31:20You hide them in a shelterHere a "shelter" represents a safe place. Alternate Translation: "You provide a safe place for them"
Psa 31:20from the violence of tonguesHere "tongues" refer to the people who are speaking violent things against the writer. Alternate Translation: "where their enemies cannot speak evil at them"
Psa 32:8with my eye upon youHere "my eye" refers to Yahweh's attention. Alternate Translation: "and direct my attention to you" or "and watch over you"
Psa 33:6by the breath of his mouthThis refers to Yahweh's word. Alternate Translation: "by his word"
Psa 33:8Let the whole earthThis refers to the people on the earth. Alternate Translation: "Let everyone on earth"
Psa 33:10the alliances of nationsHere "nations" refers to the people of these nations. Alternate Translation: "the alliances of the people of different nations"
Psa 33:12Blessed is the nationHere "the nation" refers to the people of the nation. Alternate Translation: "Blessed are the people of the nation"
Psa 33:15shapes the hearts of them allHere "hearts" refers to the thinking of these people. The writer speaks of Yahweh guiding the thinking of the people as if he were a potter who was shaping a bowl. Alternate Translation: "guides their thinking as a potter shapes a bowl"
Psa 33:18Yahweh's eyeHere "eye" refers to Yahweh's attention. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh's attention"
Psa 33:21in his holy nameHere "holy name" refers to Yahweh's holy character. Alternate Translation: "in his holy character" or "in him because he is holy"
Psa 34:1his praise will always be in my mouthHere "in my mouth" refers to David speaking about Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "I will always praise him out loud"
Psa 34:3his nameHere "his name" refers to Yahweh's character. Alternate Translation: "his character"
Psa 34:15The eyes of Yahweh are on the righteousHere "the eyes of Yahweh" refer to his careful watching. "The righteous" is a reference to righteous people. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh carefully watches over the righteous people"
Psa 35:6their wayHere "their way" refers to their lives. Alternate Translation: "their lives"
Psa 35:10All my bonesHere "bones" refers to the deepest inner being of a person. Alternate Translation: "My whole inner being"
Psa 35:23my causeThis refers to the writer. Alternate Translation: "me"
Psa 36:1from deep in his heartHere "heart" refers to the inner being of a person. Alternate Translation: "from his inner being"
Psa 37:4the desires of your heartHere "heart" represents the person's inner being and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "your deepest, inner desires" or "the things that you desire the most"
Psa 37:17For the arms of the wicked people will be brokenHere "arms" represent the strength of the wicked people. Breaking their arms represents taking away their power. This could be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "For Yahweh will remove the strength of the wicked people"
Psa 37:23a man's stepsSteps represent the way a person lives. Alternate Translation: "the way a man lives"
Psa 37:24holding him with his handHere "his hand" refers to Yahweh's power, and "holding him" refers to protecting him. Alternate Translation: "protecting him with his power"
Psa 37:31The law of his God is in his heartHere "in his heart" refers to his deepest inner being. Alternate Translation: "He treasures the commands of his God in his inner being"
Psa 37:33the evil person's handHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "the power of the evil person"
Psa 37:38the futureThis refers to his descendants. Alternate Translation: "his descendants"
Psa 39:1so that I do not sin with my tongueHere "tongue" refers to the writer's speech. Alternate Translation: "so that I do not speak an offense against Yahweh"
Psa 39:13Turn your gaze from meHere "your gaze" represents Yahweh's punishment. Alternate Translation: "Please stop punishing me"
Psa 39:13so that I may smile againHere "smile" is associated with being happy. Alternate Translation: "so that I can be happy again"
Psa 40:3Many will see itHere "see it" refers to hearing the writer sing his song about what God has done for him. Alternate Translation: "Many people will hear me tell what Yahweh has done"
Psa 40:6you have opened my earsHere "ears" refers to the ability to hear. Alternate Translation: "you have enabled me to hear your commands"
Psa 40:8your laws are in my heartHere "my heart" refers to the inner being of the writer. Alternate Translation: "I am always thinking about your laws within my inner being"
Psa 40:9my lips have not kept back from doing thisHere "my lips" represents the writer, emphasizing his speech. Alternate Translation: "I have not stopped myself from proclaiming these things"
Psa 40:10in my heartHere this refers to the writer's inner being.
Psa 40:12my iniquitiesThis refers to the consequences of his sin. Alternate Translation: "the consequences of my iniquities"
Psa 40:12my heart has failed meHere "heart" refers to the writer's inner confidence. Alternate Translation: "I am very discouraged"
Psa 41:3Yahweh will support him on the bed of sufferingThe phrase "the bed of suffering" refers to when a person lies in bed because he is sick. Alternate Translation: "When he is sick and in bed, Yahweh will support him"
Psa 41:3you will make his bed of sickness into a bed of healingThe phrase "a bed of healing" refers to when a person rests in bed and recovers from his sickness. Alternate Translation: "you, Yahweh, will heal him of his sickness"
Psa 42:4I pour out my soulHere the word "soul" refers to the emotions. The author speaks of his soul as if it is a liquid that he pours out. The phrase means that he is expressing his emotional grief. Alternate Translation: "I express my sorrow"
Psa 43:3holy hillThis refers to the hill in Jerusalem where the temple is located and thus to the temple itself.
Psa 44:2with your handHere the word "hand" refers to God's power. Alternate Translation: "by your power"
Psa 44:3by their own swordThe word "sword" refers to military power. Alternate Translation: "by fighting with their own swords" or "by their own army's strength"
Psa 44:3their own armHere the word "arm" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "their own power"
Psa 44:3your right hand, your armHere the words "hand" and "arm" both refer to God's power. Combined, they emphasize the greatness of God's power. Alternate Translation: "your great power"
Psa 44:4victory for JacobThe people of Israel are referred to by the name of their ancestor "Jacob."
Psa 44:5through your nameHere the word "name" refers to God's power and authority. Alternate Translation: "by your power"
Psa 44:8we will give thanks to your nameHere the word "name" refers to God, himself. Alternate Translation: "we will give thanks to you"
Psa 44:18Our heart has not turned backHere the word "heart" refers to the emotions, and specifically to loyalty and devotion. Alternate Translation: "We have not stopped being loyal to you"
Psa 44:20If we have forgotten the name of our GodHere the word "name" refers to God, himself. To forget God is to stop worshiping him. This is something that did not happen. Alternate Translation: "If we had forgotten our God" or "If we had stopped worshiping our God"
Psa 44:21he knows the secrets of the heartHere the word "heart" refers to the mind and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "he knows what a person secretly thinks"
Psa 45:4your right hand will teach you fearful thingsMost soldiers held their swords with their right hands when they fought. Here, the phrase "right hand" refers to his ability to fight, which the writer speaks of as if it were a person who can teach the king through the experience he gains in battle. Alternate Translation: "You will learn to accomplish great military feats by fighting in many battles"
Psa 45:6Your throne ... is forever and everThe word "throne" represents the kingdom and rule of the king. Alternate Translation: "Your kingdom ... is forever and ever" or "You will reign ... forever and ever"
Psa 45:6a scepter of justice is the scepter of your kingdomThe word "scepter" represents the king's authority to rule his kingdom. Alternate Translation: "you rule your kingdom with justice"
Psa 45:8stringed instruments have made you gladThe words "stringed instruments" refers to the music that people make by playing the stringed instruments. Alternate Translation: "the music of stringed instruments has made you glad"
Psa 45:10your father's houseHere the word "house" refers to family. Alternate Translation: "your relatives"
Psa 45:17I will make your name to be remembered in all generationsHere the word "I" refers to the writer. The word "name" refers to the king's character and reputation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will cause people in every generation to know about your greatness"
Psa 46:4make the city of God happyThe phrase "the city of God" refers to Jerusalem, and represents the people who live in that city. Alternate Translation: "make the people who live in Jerusalem happy"
Psa 46:6the earth meltedThe writer speaks of the earth as an object, such as ice, that can melt. Here "the earth" represents mankind, and to melt represents fear. Alternate Translation: "the people of the earth tremble with fear"
Psa 46:7the God of JacobPossible meanings are 1) "the God whom Jacob worshiped" or 2) "Jacob" is a metonym for the nation of Israel and means "the God of Israel."
Psa 47:4the glory of JacobHere the word "glory" refers to a source of pride and represents the land that God has given to his people as an inheritance. Alternate Translation: "the land in which Jacob takes pride"
Psa 47:4Jacob whom he lovedThe word "Jacob" refers to the nation of Israel.
Psa 48:2the joy of the whole earth, is Mount ZionHere the word "earth" refers to everyone living on the earth. The word "joy" may be translated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "Mount Zion gives joy to everyone on earth" or "everyone on earth rejoices because of Mount Zion"
Psa 48:4assembled themselvesHere the kings represent their armies. Alternate Translation: "assembled their armies"
Psa 48:10As your name is ... so is your praise to the ends of the earthHere the word "name" represents God's character and reputation. The two phrases compare the greatness of God's reputation with how greatly people praise him. Alternate Translation: "Your name is very great ... and so people throughout the world praise you greatly" or "People all throughout the world have heard of you ... so people throughout the world praise you"
Psa 49:3the meditation of my heart will be of understandingHere the word "heart" represents the mind and thoughts. The abstract nouns "meditation" and "understanding" can be translated as verbs. Alternate Translation: "the thoughts upon which I meditate will help you to understand"
Psa 50:1called the earthHere the word "earth" refers to the people who live on the earth. Alternate Translation: "called all people"
Psa 50:4He calls to the heavens above and to the earthPossible meanings are 1) God is calling on all who live in heaven and on earth to be witnesses as he judges his people or 2) God is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses as he judges his people.
Psa 50:6The heavens will declarePossible meanings are 1) the writer uses the word "heavens" to refer to the angels who live there or 2) the writer speaks of "the heavens" as if they are a person who testifies about God's righteousness.
Psa 51:6you desire trustworthiness in my inner selfThe "inner self" represents either 1) the person's desires or 2) the whole person. Alternate Translation: "you want me to desire trustworthiness" or "you want me to be trustworthy"
Psa 51:10Create in me a clean heartHere the "heart" represents the feelings and desires. Being completely devoted and obedient to God is spoken of as having a clean heart. Alternate Translation: "Make me completely devoted to you" or "Make me want to obey you always"
Psa 51:10renew a right spirit within meHere "spirit" represents the attitude and desires of a David. Alternate Translation: "make my attitude right" or "make me always want to do what is right"
Psa 51:14shedding bloodThis phrase refers to killing another person.
Psa 51:17a broken and a contrite heartBeing humble and sorry for one's sin is spoken of as having a broken and contrite heart. The heart represents the emotions and will. Alternate Translation: "sorrow and humility" or "a person who is sorry for his sin and humble"
Psa 52:7did not make God his refugeHere "refuge" represents a protector. Alternate Translation: "did not make God his protector" or "did not ask God to protect him"
Psa 52:9I will wait for your name, because it is goodGod's name represents God himself. Waiting for God represents waiting for God to help him. Alternate Translation: "I will wait for you, because you are good" or "I will wait for you to help me, because you are good"
Psa 53:5God will scatter the bones of whoever will camp against youScattering people's bones represents killing them and allowing their bones to remain wherever they have died and not be buried properly. "God will completely destroy whoever will camp against you, and their bones will lie scattered on the ground"
Psa 53:5whoever will camp against youCamping against people represents attacking them. Enemy armies would travel and set up camps to live in temporarily near the people they wanted to attack. Alternate Translation: "whoever will attack you"
Psa 53:6the salvation of Israel would come from ZionThe salvation represents God, the savior, whose temple is in Zion. Alternate Translation: "the savior of Israel would come from Zion" or "God would come from Zion and save Israel"
Psa 53:6JacobHere "Jacob" refers to the descendants of Jacob, the Israelites.
Psa 54:1Save me, God, by your nameHere God's name represents his character. It may represent specifically his power or his justice. Alternate Translation: "Save me, God, by your power"
Psa 54:1judge me in your mightJudging David here represents showing people that David is not guilty. When God uses his might to save David, people will know that God has judged him as not guilty. Alternate Translation: "In your might, show people that I am not guilty" or "Show people that I am not guilty by using your power to rescue me"
Psa 54:2give ear to the wordsGiving one's ear represents listening. Alternate Translation: "listen to the words"
Psa 54:3have risen up against meRising up against someone represents preparing to attack him or actually attacking him. Alternate Translation: "have prepared to attack me" or "are attacking me"
Psa 54:3have sought after my lifeSeeking after someone's life represents trying to kill him. Alternate Translation: "have tried to kill me" or "want to kill me"
Psa 54:3they have not set God before themSetting God before them represents paying attention to God. Alternate Translation: "they do not pay attention to God" or "they ignore God"
Psa 54:7my eye has looked in triumph on my enemiesPossible meanings are 1) seeing that his enemies have been defeated. Alternate Translation: "I have seen that my enemies have been defeated" or 2) defeating his enemies. Alternate Translation: "I have defeated my enemies"
Psa 55:1Give ear to my prayerGiving one's ear represents listening. Alternate Translation: "Listen to my prayer"
Psa 55:3because of the voice of my enemiesHere "voice" represents what they say. Alternate Translation: "because of what my enemies say"
Psa 55:4My heart trembles within meHere, "heart trembles" refers to his emotional pain and suffering. This suffering is because of fear. Alternate Translation: "I am suffering because I am so afraid"
Psa 55:9confuse their languageLanguage here represents what the people were saying to each other, and probably refers specifically to them talking about plans to do evil. Confusing it represents making the people unable to understand each other. Alternate Translation: "confuse them when they speak to each other" or "confuse their plans"
Psa 55:18my lifeHere "my life" represents the psalmist. Alternate Translation: "me"
Psa 55:20has raised his hands against thoseRaising the hand against people represents attacking them. This may be a metaphor for saying things that put people in danger or cause them trouble. Alternate Translation: "has attacked those" or "has betrayed those"
Psa 55:21His mouthSomeone's "mouth" represents what he says. Alternate Translation: "What my friend said"
Psa 55:23will bring the wicked down into the pit of destructionThis represents causing people to die. Alternate Translation: "will cause the wicked to die" or "will cause wicked people to die and go to the place where dead people are"
Psa 56:6just as they have waited for my lifeWaiting to kill someone is spoken of as waiting for his life. Alternate Translation: "as they wait to kill me"
Psa 56:13in the light of the livingHere "the light of the living" probably represents God's enabling people to live. Alternate Translation: "with the life that you give" or "because you enable me to live"
Psa 57:7My heart is fixed, God, my heart is fixedBeing confident is spoken of as one's heart being firm rather than shaken or easily moved. The phrase is repeated to show that he has complete confidence in God and will not change. Alternate Translation: "I am completely confident in you, God"
Psa 58:2you commit wickedness in your heartThe heart refers to the people's thoughts or plans. Alternate Translation: "you commit wickedness in your thoughts" or "you think about doing wicked things"
Psa 59:1set me on highA high place represents a safe place where his enemies cannot reach him. Alternate Translation: "put me in a safe place"
Psa 59:1rise up against meRising up against someone represents attacking him. Alternate Translation: "attack me"
Psa 59:5all the nationsThe word "nations" here represents the people of the nations that do not honor God. Alternate Translation: "the people of all the nations"
Psa 59:9my strengthGod's being the psalmist's strength represents God protecting him. Alternate Translation: "you are my strength" or "you are my protector"
Psa 59:11our shieldGod's protecting the righteous is spoken of as if God were a shield. Alternate Translation: "our protector" or "the one who protects us like a shield"
Psa 59:12For the sins of their mouths and the words of their lipsThe mouths and lips represent the things people say. Alternate Translation: "Because they sin by what they say" or "Because of the sinful things they say"
Psa 59:13in JacobJacob here refers to Israel. Alternate Translation: "in Israel"
Psa 59:13to the ends of the earthto even the most distance places on earth. This represents all places on earth. Alternate Translation: "everywhere on earth"
Psa 59:17my strengthGod's being the psalmist's strength represents God protecting him. Alternate Translation: "my protector"
Psa 60:1you have broken through our defensesGod's allowing Israel's enemies to break through their defenses is spoken of as God himself had done it. Alternate Translation: "you have allowed our enemies to break through our defenses"
Psa 60:3You have made your people see difficult thingsHere "see" represents "experience" or "suffer."
Psa 60:4to be displayed against those who carry the bowThe phrase "those who carry the bow" refers to the enemy soldiers in battle. Alternate Translation: "to display when he takes his army into battle against your enemies"
Psa 60:5with your right handGod's right hand represents his power. Alternate Translation: "by your power"
Psa 60:5answer meAnswering here represents responding to his request. Alternate Translation: "respond to my request" or "answer my prayer"
Psa 61:5who honor your nameHere "your name" means God himself. Alternate Translation: "who honor you" or "who have an awesome respect for you"
Psa 61:6his years will be like many generationsHere "years" refers to how long the king will live. Alternate Translation: "he will live for many generations"
Psa 61:8I will sing praise to your name foreverHere "name" stands for God himself. Alternate Translation: "I will always sing praise to you"
Psa 62:4with their mouthsThis refers to their speech or their words.
Psa 62:4in their heartsThis refers to their thoughts.
Psa 63:4I will lift up my hands in your nameHere "in your name" means "to you." Alternate Translation: "I will worship you and pray to you"
Psa 63:8your right hand supports meHere, the right hand is used as a symbol of strength and power. Alternate Translation: "you support me" or "you lift me up"
Psa 63:10they will be given over to those whose hands use the swordHere "the sword" represents death in battle, and "those whose hands use the sword" refers to enemies who kill them in battle. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "God will cause them to die in battle"
Psa 64:2Hide me from the secret plotting of evildoersHere "Hide" represents protecting, and "the secret plotting of evildoers represents" represents the harm that evildoers secretly plan to do to David. Alternate Translation: "Protect me from the harm that evil doers secretly plan to do to me"
Psa 64:8since their own tongues are against themHere "tongues" represents the words that they say. Alternate Translation: "since the words that they say are against them"
Psa 65:5of all the ends of the earthThis refers to the people who live all over the earth.
Psa 65:8you make the east and the west rejoiceThe phrase "the east and the west" refers to the people who live all over the earth. Alternate Translation: "you cause people everywhere to shout joyfully"
Psa 65:9the river of God is full of waterThis refers to the supply of water in the sky that God sends to water the earth and fill the streams. Alternate Translation: "you fill the streams with water"
Psa 66:1Make a joyful noise to God, all the earthA "joyful noise to God" represents singing and shouting praises to God. Alternate Translation: "Let all the earth sing and shout joyfully to God"
Psa 66:1all the earthThis refers to all the people who live on the earth. Alternate Translation: "everyone on earth"
Psa 66:2the glory of his nameGod's name here represents God himself. Alternate Translation: "his glory"
Psa 66:4All the earth will worship youThis refers to all of the people who live on the earth. Alternate Translation: "All the people on earth will worship you"
Psa 66:4they will sing to your nameHere "your name" refers to God himself. Alternate Translation: "they will praise and honor you"
Psa 67:3let the nations ... govern the nationsHere "nations" represents the people who live in all the nations on the earth.
Psa 67:4let the nations ... govern the nationsHere "nations" represents the people who live in all the nations on the earth.
Psa 67:7all the ends of the earth honor himThis means that people everywhere should honor God because of his blessings. Alternate Translation: "I desire that all people everywhere on the earth may have an awesome respect for him"
Psa 68:4to his nameThis refers to God. Alternate Translation: "to him"
Psa 68:31CushThis refers to the people of Cush. Alternate Translation: "The Cushites"
Psa 69:12Those who sit in the city gateHere "city gate" is associated with leadership of a town. Alternate Translation: "The important people of the city"
Psa 69:22their tableThis refers to food that was served on the tables, possibly at a feast. Alternate Translation: "their own food" or "sacrificial feasts"
Psa 69:26you struck downHere to be "struck down" refers to punishment. Alternate Translation: "you punished"
Psa 69:26those you have woundedHere to be "wounded" refers to causing them to suffer. Alternate Translation: "those you have caused to suffer"
Psa 69:28Let them be blotted out ofHere "them" refers to the names of the enemies. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Wipe out their names in"
Psa 69:30the name of GodHere "name" refers to God himself. Alternate Translation: "God"
Psa 69:33Yahweh hearsHere "hears" means to respond. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh answers"
Psa 69:35God will save ZionHere "Zion" refers to the people in Zion. Alternate Translation: "God will save the people of Zion"
Psa 69:36who love his nameHere "name" refers to God himself. Alternate Translation: "who love God"
Psa 71:2turn your ear to meHere "your ear" refers to God's willingness to hear someone who prays to him. See how this is translated in [Psalms 17:6](../017/006.md). Alternate Translation: "pay attention to me"
Psa 71:4out of the hand of the wicked, out of the hand of the unrighteousPossible meanings are 1) the word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "from the power of the wicked, from the power of the unrighteous" or 2) "hand" refers to the person himself. Alternate Translation: "from wicked people, from unrighteous ... people" or "so that wicked people and unrighteous ... people cannot harm me"
Psa 71:5you are my hopeHere "hope" is a metonym for the one in whom the psalmist hopes. Alternate Translation: "you are the one whom I confidently expect to help me"
Psa 71:8your praiseHere "praise" refer to the words that he will use to praise Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "words that tell people how great you are"
Psa 71:8your honorHere "honor" refer to the words that he will use to honor Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "words that cause people to honor you"
Psa 72:2May the mountains produce peace ... may the hills produce righteousnessThe psalmist speaks of the people of Israel as if they were the mountains and hills on which they live. He speaks of the mountains and the hills as if they were the entire land of Israel, as if that land were a garden that produces fruit, and of peace and righteousness as if they are that fruit. Alternate Translation: "May the people of the land live in peace ... may they do everything in a righteous way"
Psa 72:3May the mountains produce peace ... may the hills produce righteousnessThe psalmist speaks of the people of Israel as if they were the mountains and hills on which they live. He speaks of the mountains and the hills as if they were the entire land of Israel, as if that land were a garden that produces fruit, and of peace and righteousness as if they are that fruit. Alternate Translation: "May the people of the land live in peace ... may they do everything in a righteous way"
Psa 72:5while the sun endures, and as long as the moon lastsThe sun and the moon are metonyms for the day and the night, which together are a merism for all time. Alternate Translation: "forever, and without ending"
Psa 72:11all nationsHere the word "nations" represents the people who live in the nations. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in every nation"
Psa 72:14their blood is precious in his sightHere "their blood" is a metonym for their well-being. The sight of Yahweh represents his judgment or evaluation. Alternate Translation: "their well-being is very important to him" or "he wants them to live well"
Psa 72:17his nameHere "his name" refers to God's reputation. Alternate Translation: "the king's name" or "the king's reputation" or "the king's fame"
Psa 73:5the burdens of other menThe words "burdens" is a metonym for the struggles of daily life (need for food, shelter, clothing, and health).
Psa 73:9They set their mouth against the heavensHere "their mouth" is a metonym for their speech, and "heavens" is a metonym for God, who lives in the heavens. Alternate Translation: "They speak against God, who is in the heavens"
Psa 74:10blaspheme your nameThe word "name" is a metonym for God himself. Alternate Translation: "say that you are bad" or "insult you"
Psa 74:11hold back your handHere the word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "not show your power" or "not use your power to destroy your enemies"
Psa 74:11Take your right hand from your garmentThe psalmist speaks of God as if he had a physical body. "Stop hiding your power and take action"
Psa 74:23the voice of your adversariesThe word "voice" is a metonym for the words people use when they speak. Alternate Translation: "what your adversaries are saying"
Psa 75:6It is not from the east ... that lifting up comesAsaph speaks of the one who lifts up as if he were the action of lifting up. He also speaks of God giving strength and honor to a person as if God were physically lifting that person up. Alternate Translation: "The one who will lift you up will not be someone who comes from the east" or "The one who will make you strong and have people honor you will not be someone who comes from the east"
Psa 76:1his name is great in IsraelThe words "his name" are a metonym for his reputation. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel consider him good and powerful"
Psa 76:8the earth wasHere "the earth" is a metonym for the people living on the earth. Alternate Translation: "the people of the earth were"
Psa 77:4held my eyes openOpen eyes is a metonym for being unable to sleep. Alternate Translation: "kept me from sleeping"
Psa 77:10the changing of the right hand of the Most High toward usThe "right hand" is a metonym for power, authority or strength. Alternate Translation: "the Most High no longer uses his power to help us"
Psa 78:32did not believe his wonderful deedsThe word "deeds" is a metonym for God, who did the deeds. What they did not believe can be stated clearly. Alternate Translation: "did not believe that he would take care of them even though he had done such wonderful deeds"
Psa 78:36with their mouthThe word "mouth" is a metonym for the words they spoke using their mouths. Alternate Translation: "by saying what they said"
Psa 78:39they were made of fleshThe word "flesh," which is weak and then dies, is a metonym for human weakness and death. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites were weak and would someday die"
Psa 78:51in the tents of HamHere the word "tents" is a metonym for families. The word "Ham" refers to Egypt by the name of their ancestor. Alternate Translation: "among the families of Egypt"
Psa 78:54his right hand acquiredThe words "right hand" are a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "he won for himself using his own power"
Psa 78:61He allowed his strength to be captured and gave his glory into the enemy's handAsaph speaks of God's strength and glory as if they were physical objects that people could capture and hold. The words "strength" and "glory" are probably mentonyms for the ark of the covenant. The word "hand" is a metonym for the enemy's power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "He allowed his enemies to capture the glorious ark of his covenant; he simply gave it to them so they could do whatever they wanted with it"
Psa 78:64Their priests fell by the swordHere the word "sword" represents soldiers who fought with swords. The phrase "fell by the sword" is an idiom that means to die in battle. Alternate Translation: "Their priests died in battle" or "Enemies killed their priests with swords"
Psa 78:67the tent of JosephHere the word "tent" is a metonym for a family. In this phrase it refers to the descendants of Joseph. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Joseph"
Psa 79:3They have shed their blood like waterThe word "blood" is a metonym for innocent life. To shed blood is to kill innocent people. Most people saw water every day, so for blood to be as common as water, many innocent people would have to die. Alternate Translation: "They have killed so many innocent people that the blood is everywhere, like water after it rains"
Psa 79:4We have become a reproach for our neighbors, mocking and derision to those who are around usThe words "reproach," "mocking," and "derision" are metonyms for those whom others reproach, mock, and deride. Alternate Translation: "We have become people whom our neighbors reproach; those around us mock and deride us"
Psa 79:6do not call upon your nameThe word "name" is a metonym for the person's power and authority. Alternate Translation: "do not belong to you" or "do not ask you to help them"
Psa 79:7they have devoured JacobThe word "Jacob" is a mentonym for his descendants, the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "they have completely destroyed the people of Israel"
Psa 79:9for the sake of the glory of your nameThe word "name" is a metonym for his reputation, for what people know about him. Alternate Translation: "so that people will know about your glory"
Psa 79:9for your name's sakeGod's name here represents his whole being and the honor that he deserves. Alternate Translation: "so that people will honor you" or "for your own sake"
Psa 79:10May the blood of your servants that was shed be avenged on the nations before our eyesTo shed blood is a metonym for killing innocent people. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Avenge your innocent servants whom the nations killed where we can see you do it"
Psa 79:13your praisesThis represents the things that people will praise them the Lord for. Alternate Translation: "continue to praise you for the things that you have done"
Psa 80:1JosephHere Joseph represents the nation of Israel.
Psa 80:15This is the root that your right hand plantedThe right hand represents the Yahweh's power and control. Alternate Translation: "This is the root that you, Yahweh, planted"
Psa 80:17your handThis refers to Yahweh's power and control.
Psa 81:5the land of EgyptHere "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Egypt"
Psa 81:8IsraelHere "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Israelites" or "people of Israel"
Psa 81:14turn my hand againstHere "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "I would destroy" or "I would defeat"
Psa 82:4take them out of the hand of the wickedHere the word "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "stop the wicked people from harming them"
Psa 82:8judge the earthHere "earth" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "judge the people of the earth"
Psa 82:8all the nationsHere "nations" represents the people of the nations.
Psa 83:4the name of Israel will no longer be rememberedHere "name" represents a reputation or the memory of someone. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "no one will ever remember the Israelites existed"
Psa 83:6the tents of EdomThis refers to the people of Edom who lived in tents.
Psa 83:7Gebal, Ammon, Amalek ... PhilistiaThese all represent the people of each area or tribe. Alternate Translation: "the people of Gebal, the Ammonites, the Amalekites ... the Philistines"
Psa 83:8AssyriaThis represents the people of Assyria. Alternate Translation: "the people of Assyria"
Psa 83:9did to MidianHere "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate Translation: "did to the Midianites"
Psa 83:16they might seek your nameHere "name" represents God's power. God's enemies acknowledging that God is powerful is spoken of as if they are seeking to find Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "they might acknowledge that you are powerful"
Psa 84:6blessingsHere the word "blessings" is a metonym for the pools of water that make people who live in dry lands happy. Alternate Translation: "pools of water that make them happy"
Psa 85:1you have showed favor to your landHere "land" represents the nation and people of Israel.
Psa 85:9then glory will remain in our landHere "glory" represents God's presence. Alternate Translation: "then his glorious presence will remain in our land"
Psa 85:13his footstepsHere "footsteps" represents where God walks.
Psa 86:9All the nationsHere "the nations" represent the people. Alternate Translation: "The people from all nations"
Psa 86:9They will honor your nameHere "name" represents the whole person. Alternate Translation: "They will honor you"
Psa 86:11Unite my heart to reverence youHere "heart" represents a person's thoughts, emotions, and motives. Asking God to cause a person to respect him completely is spoken of as if the person's heart were in many pieces and that God unites them together. Alternate Translation: "Cause me to respect you sincerely with all my heart" or "Cause me to respect you sincerely"
Psa 86:12I will praise you with my whole heartHere "heart" represents a person's thoughts, emotions, and motives. Alternate Translation: "I will praise you completely and sincerely"
Psa 86:12I will glorify your nameHere "name" represents the whole person. Alternate Translation: "I will glorify you"
Psa 87:2all the tents of JacobThe people lived in tents while they wandered in the desert. Here the writer uses "tents of Jacob" to represent where the Israelites live now. Alternate Translation: "any of the other dwelling places of the Israelites"
Psa 87:4Rahab and BabylonHere "Rahab" is a poetic way of referring to Egypt. Both "Rahab" and "Babylon" represent the people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Egypt and Babylon"
Psa 88:3my life has reached SheolHere "life" represents the writer. And "Sheol" represents death. The writer speaks about himself possibly dying soon as if Sheol were a place and he has arrived at that place. Alternate Translation: "I am about to die"
Psa 88:4People treat me like those who go down into the pitThe word "pit" means the same as "Sheol." The phrase "go down into the pit" represents dying. Alternate Translation: "people treat me like I have already died"
Psa 88:9My eyes grow weary from troubleHere "eyes" represents a person's ability to see. For his eyes to grow weary from trouble is a way of saying that he his troubles cause him to cry so much that it is hard for him to see.
Psa 89:4I will establish your throne through all generationsHere "throne" represents the power to rule as king. The psalmist speaks of God promising that one of David's descendants will always rule as king as if God will build David's throne and make it firm. Alternate Translation: "I will make sure that one of your descendants will rule as king over every generation of my people"
Psa 89:5The heavens praiseHere "heavens" represents those who are in heaven.
Psa 89:10with your strong armHere "arm" represents power. Alternate Translation: "with your great power"
Psa 89:12in your nameHere "name" represents the whole person. Alternate Translation: "in you"
Psa 89:13You have a mighty arm and a strong hand, and your right hand is highThe words "mighty arm," "strong hand," and "right hand" all represent God's power.
Psa 89:14your throneThe throne represents God's rule as king.
Psa 89:16in your nameHere "name" represents the person. Alternate Translation: "in you"
Psa 89:21My hand will support him; my arm will strengthen himHere "hand" and "arm" both means the power and control of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "I will support him and make him strong"
Psa 89:22son of wickednessThe writer refers to those who have the nature or character of wickedness as "sons of wickedness." Alternate Translation: "wicked person"
Psa 89:24by my name he will be victoriousHere "name" represents God' power. Alternate Translation: "I, God, will cause him to be victorious"
Psa 89:25I will place his hand over the sea and his right hand over the riversHere "hand" and "right hand" represent power and authority. Here "the sea" seems to refer to the Mediterranean Sea west of Israel, and "rivers" refers to the Euphrates river in the east. This means David will have authority over everything from the sea to the river. Alternate Translation: "I will give him authority over everything from the Mediterranean sea to the Euphrates river"
Psa 89:29his throneHere "throne" represents the power to rule as king.
Psa 89:36his throneHere "throne" represents the power to rule as king. God is promising that one of David's descendants will always be king.
Psa 89:39his crownThis represents the king's power as king and his right to rule.
Psa 89:42raised the right hand of his enemiesHere "right hand" represents power. To "raise the right hand" means that Yahweh has made his enemies strong enough to defeat God's chosen king.
Psa 89:43turn back the edge of his swordHere "sword" represents the king's power in battle. To turn the sword back represents making the king unable to win in battle.
Psa 89:43have not made him stand when in battleHere "stand" represents being victorious in battle. Alternate Translation: "You have not helped him to be victorious in battle"
Psa 89:44you have brought down his throne to the groundHere "throne" represents the power to rule as king. Alternate Translation: "you, Yahweh, have ended his reign as king"
Psa 89:48rescue his own life from the hand of SheolHere "hand" refers to power. The writer speaks of Sheol as if it were a person who has power over those who die. Possible meanings are 1) a person cannot bring himself back to life after dying or 2) a person cannot keep himself from dying.
Psa 89:50how I bear in my heart so many insults from the nationsHere "heart" represents the person's emotions. Alternate Translation: "I endure so many insults from the people of the nations" or "I suffer because the people from the nations insult me"
Psa 89:50from the nationsHere "nations" represents the people of the nations.
Psa 89:51they mock the footsteps of your anointed oneHere "footsteps" represents where the king goes. Alternate Translation: "they mock your anointed one wherever he goes"
Psa 90:2the worldThis represents everything that is in the world.
Psa 91:5terror in the nightThe psalmist speaks of "terror" as if it were a spirit or fierce animal that could attack at night and so terrify people. Alternate Translation: "things attacking you at night"
Psa 91:5the arrow that flies by dayArrow here is a metonym for the people who shoot the arrows. Alternate Translation: "people attacking you with arrows during the day"
Psa 92:1to sing praises to your nameThe words "your name" are a metonym for "you." Alternate Translation: "to sing praises to you"
Psa 92:10You have lifted up my horn like the horn of the wild oxThe psalmist speaks of God as if he had made him as strong as a wild animal. Here his "horn" represents his strength. Alternate Translation: "You have made me as strong as a wild ox"
Psa 94:2Rise upThe psalmist speaks of starting to do something as getting up. If your language has a word for beginning to act, use it here. Alternate Translation: "Take action" or "Do something"
Psa 94:5afflict the nationHere the metonym "nation" refers to the people of the nation. Alternate Translation: "afflict the people of the nation"
Psa 94:15judgment will again be righteousThe psalmist speaks of those who judge as if they were the decisions they make. The abstract noun "judgment" can be translated with the verb "judge." Alternate Translation: "judges will again judge righteously" or "judges will again make righteous decisions"
Psa 94:20a throne of destructionHere the metonym "throne" refers to a king or ruler. Alternate Translation: "a wicked ruler" or "corrupt judge"
Psa 95:7the people of his pastureThe word "pasture" is a metonym for the food that animals eat in the pasture, which in turn is a synecdoche for everything that Yahweh provides for his people. Alternate Translation: "we are the people whose needs he meets"
Psa 95:7hear his voiceHere "his voice" represents God speaking or what he says. Alternate Translation: "listen to God speak" or "hear what God says"
Psa 96:1all the earthThis refers to the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "all you people who live on the earth"
Psa 96:2bless his nameThe word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "bless Yahweh" or "do what makes Yahweh happy" See how "may his glorious name be blessed" is translated in [Psalms 72:19](../072/019.md).
Psa 96:6Strength and beauty are in his sanctuaryThe words "strength" and "beauty" are metonyms for the ark of the covenant decrees, which is found in the sanctuary. Alternate Translation: "It is his sanctuary that contains the ark of the covenant decrees"
Psa 96:8his name deservesHere "name" refers to the person of God. Alternate Translation: "he deserves"
Psa 96:9all the earthHere "earth" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people of the earth"
Psa 96:13He will judge the world with righteousnessHere "the world" is a metonym for all the people in the world. See how these words are translated in [Psalms 9:8](../009/008.md). Alternate Translation: "He will judge all the people of the world righteously"
Psa 97:2Righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throneThe word "throne" is a metonym for the deeds and words of the one who sits on it. The psalmist speaks as if righteousness and justice were physical objects that made the throne secure. Alternate Translation: "He is righteous and just in everything he does" or "He is able to rule because he rules righteously and justly"
Psa 97:2the foundation of his throneHere "the foundation of his throne" refers to how Yahweh rules his kingdom.
Psa 97:8Zion heard ... the towns of JudahThis refers to the people who live in these lands. Alternate Translation: "The people of Zion heard ... the people of Judah"
Psa 97:10he takes them out of the hand of the wickedHere the word "hand" represents power. Yahweh rescuing people from the power of wicked people is spoken of as if he took them out of their hands. Alternate Translation: "he rescues them from the power of the wicked"
Psa 97:12when you remember his holinessPossible meanings are 1) "when you remember how holy he is" or 2) "to his holy name," a metonym for "to him."
Psa 98:1his right hand and his holy arm haveThe words "right hand" and "holy arm" refer to Yahweh's strength. Together they emphasize how great his strength is. Alternate Translation: "his very great power has"
Psa 98:1holy armHere "arm" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "the power that is his alone"
Psa 98:3all the ends of the earth ... all the earthThese are metonyms for the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "people from all over the world ... all people in the world"
Psa 98:4all the ends of the earth ... all the earthThese are metonyms for the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "people from all over the world ... all people in the world"
Psa 98:7the world ... the nationsThese phrases are metonyms for "the people in the world" and "the people who live in the nations."
Psa 98:8the world ... the nationsThese phrases are metonyms for "the people in the world" and "the people who live in the nations."
Psa 98:9the world ... the nationsThese phrases are metonyms for "the people in the world" and "the people who live in the nations."
Psa 99:1the nationsThis refers to the people of all nations. Alternate Translation: "the people of all nations"
Psa 100:1all the earthThis refers to all the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "everyone on the earth"
Psa 100:4bless his nameThe word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "bless Yahweh" or "do what makes Yahweh happy" See how "may his glorious name be blessed" is translated in [Psalms 72:19](../072/019.md).
Psa 102:13have mercy on ZionHere "Zion" refers to the people who live in Zion. Alternate Translation: "have mercy on the people of Zion"
Psa 102:15your nameHere "your name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "you"
Psa 103:1give praise to his holy nameThis refers to praising Yahweh's name as Yahweh.
Psa 103:5He satisfies your life with good thingsThe phrase "your life" refers to "you," but it emphasizes that Yahweh gives blessings throughout life. Alternate Translation: "He satisfies you with good things through your life"
Psa 103:5your youthThe word "youth" refers to the strength one had as a young adult.
Psa 103:19Yahweh has established his throne in the heavensHere Yahweh's reign as king is referred to as his "throne." Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has taken his seat in the heavens where he rules as king"
Psa 103:19his kingdom rulesHere Yahweh is referred to by "his kingdom" to emphasize his authority as king. Alternate Translation: "he rules"
Psa 103:22with all my lifeThis phrase means that he will praise Yahweh wholeheartedly and is used to emphasize his devotion to him. Alternate Translation: "with all of me" or "with all my soul"
Psa 104:1with all my lifeThis phrase means that he will praise Yahweh wholeheartedly and is used to emphasize his devotion to him. Alternate Translation: "with all of me" or "with all my soul"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
Psa 105:1call on his name ... Boast in his holy nameHere "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "call on him ... Boast in Yahweh"
Psa 105:1the nationsThis refers to the people in the nations. Alternate Translation: "the people of the nations"
Psa 105:3call on his name ... Boast in his holy nameHere "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "call on him ... Boast in Yahweh"
Psa 105:5the decrees from his mouthHere "mouth" refers to the things that he spoke. Alternate Translation: "the decrees that he has spoken"
Psa 105:33He destroyed ... he brokeGod caused the hail, rain, and lightning to ruin the vines and trees. Alternate Translation: "He caused it to destroy ... and to break"
Psa 105:38Egypt was gladHere "Egypt" refers to the people who live in Egypt. Alternate Translation: The people of Egypt were glad
Psa 106:5glory with your inheritanceHere the phrase "your inheritance" refers to the Isrealites, who are Yahweh's chosen people. Here "glory" means "to boast about" something; in this case they are boasting about Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "boast of your greatness with your people" or "boast with your people about you"
Psa 106:8for his name's sakeHere "his name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "for the sake of his own reputation"
Psa 106:10the hand of those who hated themHere "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate Translation: "the power of those who hated them" or "the control of those who hated them"
Psa 106:20the glory of GodHere God is referred to by his glory. Alternate Translation: "their glorious God" or "God who is glorious"
Psa 106:32suffered because of themMoses suffered because of the peoples' sin. Here the word "them" is a pronoun for the people and a metonym referring to their sin. Alternate Translation: "suffered because of their actions"
Psa 106:41He gave them into the hand of the nationsHere "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate Translation: "God allowed the nations to take control of them"
Psa 106:47to your holy nameHere Yahweh is referred to by his "holy name." Alternate Translation: "to you"
Psa 107:2from the hand of the enemyHere "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "from the power of the enemy"
Psa 107:42all wickednessHere wicked people are referred to as "wickedness." Alternate Translation: "all wicked people"
Psa 108:5may your glory be exaltedHere Yahweh is referred to by his "glory." Alternate Translation: "may you be exalted"
Psa 108:6with your right handHere Yahweh's "right hand" refers to his power. Alternate Translation: "by your power"
Psa 108:6answer meAnswering here represents responding to his request. Alternate Translation: "respond to my request" or "answer my prayer"
Psa 109:15may Yahweh cut off their memory from the earthDavid uses the word "earth" to refer to all the people that live on the earth. Also, the phrase "their memory" refers to people remembering them after they have died. Alternate Translation: "may Yahweh make it so that no one on earth remembers them"
Psa 110:5He will killThe word "He" refers to Yahweh. He will cause the kings to be defeated and die, but he will allow the king's armies to kill the enemy kings. Alternate Translation: "He will cause the kings to die" or "He will allow your armies to kill the kings"
Psa 110:6he will fill the battlegrounds with dead bodiesThis means that Yahweh will cause this to happen, not that he will personally kill all of the people who die on the battleground. Alternate Translation: "he will cause the battlegrounds to be filled with death bodies"
Psa 110:6he will kill the leaders in many countriesThis means that Yahweh will cause this to happen, not that he will personally kill the leaders. Alternate Translation: "he will cause the leaders in many countries to be killed" or "he will allow the leaders in many countries to die"
Psa 111:1with my whole heartHere the word "heart" represents the person's entire inner being and emotions. Alternate Translation: "with all that I am"
Psa 111:9holy and awesome is his nameHere the word "name" refers to Yahweh, himself. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh is holy and awesome"
Psa 112:3Wealth and riches are in his houseHere the word "house" represents the family. The words "Wealth" and "riches" mean basically the same thing and indicate an abundance of wealth. Alternate Translation: "His family is very wealthy"
Psa 112:10the desire of the wicked people will perishPossible meanings of "desire" are 1) the emotional desire that wicked people have. Alternate Translation: "the things that wicked people want to do will never happen" or 2) it is a metonym for the things that wicked people have desired. Alternate Translation: "wicked people will lose the things that they desired"
Psa 113:1the name of YahwehHere the word "name" represents Yahweh, himself. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh"
Psa 113:3Yahweh's name should be praisedHere the word "name" represents Yahweh, himself. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "people should praise Yahweh"
Psa 113:9He gives a home to the barren woman of the houseHere "home" refers to the children that live in a home. Alternate Translation: "He gives children to the woman who had none"
Psa 114:1the house of Jacob from a people who spoke a foreign languageThe word "house" here represents the family or descendents. The verb may be supplied to this phrase. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Jacob left people who spoke a language that the descendants of Jacob did not understand"
Psa 114:2Judah became his holy place, Israel his kingdomPossible meanings for "Judah" and "Israel" are 1) they refer to the land. Alternate Translation: "The land of Judah became Yahweh's holy place, the land of Israel became his kingdom" or 2) they are metonyms for the people of Judah and Israel. Alternate Translation: "The people of Judah became those among whom Yahweh lived, the people of Israel became those over whom he ruled"
Psa 115:1but to your name bring honorHere the word "name" represents Yahweh, himself. Alternate Translation: "but bring honor to yourself"
Psa 115:9Israel, trust in YahwehThe word "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "People of Israel, trust in Yahweh"
Psa 115:10House of AaronHere the word "House" represents the family or descendants. This phrase refers to the priests, who were descendants of Aaron. Alternate Translation: "Descendants of Aaron" or "Priests"
Psa 115:12the family of IsraelThis refers to the people of Israel, who are descendants of Jacob, who also called Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Psa 115:12the family of AaronThis refers to the priests, who are descendants of Aaron. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Aaron" or "the priests"
Psa 116:4called on the name of YahwehHere the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "called out to Yahweh"
Psa 116:8you rescued my life from deathHere the word "you" refers to Yahweh. The word "life" represents the person. Alternate Translation: "you have saved me from death" or "you have kept me from dying"
Psa 116:13call on the name of YahwehHere the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "call on Yahweh"
Psa 116:17will call on the name of YahwehHere the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "will call on Yahweh"
Psa 116:19in the courts of Yahweh's houseThe word "house" refers to Yahweh's temple. Alternate Translation: "in the courtyards of Yahweh's temple"
Psa 118:2Let Israel sayThe word "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Let the people of Israel say"
Psa 118:3Let the house of Aaron sayHere the word "house" represents the family and descendants of a person. This phrase refers to the priests, who were descendants of Aaron. Alternate Translation: "Let the descendants of Aaron say" or "Let the priests say"
Psa 118:10All the nationsHere the word "nations" represents the armies of those nations. The writer uses hyperbole to emphasize the great number of armies that surrounded him. Alternate Translation: "The armies of many nations"
Psa 118:10in Yahweh's nameHere the word "name" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "by Yahweh's power"
Psa 118:15the right hand of Yahweh conquersHere the word "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has conquered by his great strength"
Psa 118:26he who comes in the name of YahwehHere the word "name" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "the one who comes in the power of the Yahweh"
Psa 118:26the house of YahwehThe word "house" refers to the temple. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh's temple"
Psa 119:55I think about your nameHere the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "I think about you, Yahweh"
Psa 119:67I observe your wordHere "word" represents commandments. Alternate Translation: "I obey your commandments"
Psa 119:69with my whole heartHere "heart" represents a person's will. Alternate Translation: "with complete commitment" or "completely"
Psa 119:70Their hearts are hardenedHere "hearts" represents the people's wills. A person being stubborn is spoken of as if their hearts or wills were hard like a rock. Alternate Translation: "They are stubborn"
Psa 119:72Instruction from your mouth isHere "mouth" represents what God says. Alternate Translation: "The instructions you have spoken are" or "Your instructions are"
Psa 119:73Your handsHere "hands" represents God's power or action. Alternate Translation: "You"
Psa 119:80May my heart be blamelessHere "heart" represents a person's thoughts and motives. Alternate Translation: "May I be blameless"
Psa 119:112My heart is set on obeyingHere "heart" represents the writer's will. The phrase "heart is set" is an idiom. It is a way of saying the writer is determined. Alternate Translation: "I am determined to obey"
Psa 119:132love your nameHere the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "love you"
Psa 119:163falsehoodPossible meanings are this is a metonym for 1) "people who lie" or 2) "the false words that people say."
Psa 120:2Rescue my lifeHere the word "life" represents the person. Alternate Translation: "Rescue me"
Psa 120:5the tents of KedarThis phrase represents the people of Kedar who live in those tents. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in Kedar"
Psa 121:1lift up my eyesThis expression means "look at" or "focus my attention on."
Psa 121:3your foot to slipThe slipping of a foot is associated with falling. Alternate Translation: "you to fall"
Psa 121:3he who protects you will not slumberHere to "slumber" means he would stop protecting. The negative form strengthens the statement. Alternate Translation: "God will not fall asleep and stop protecting you" or "God will always protect you"
Psa 121:5Yahweh is the shade at your right handHere "shade" refers to protection. Alternate Translation: "God is beside you to protect you from things that would hurt you"
Psa 121:7your lifeThis refers to the writer. Alternate Translation: "you"
Psa 122:4the name of YahwehHere "name" refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh"
Psa 122:5the house of DavidHere "house" refers to the descendants of David. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of David"
Psa 123:1I lift up my eyesHere the author refers to his eyes because that is the part of the body used for seeing. Alternate Translation: "I look to you"
Psa 123:2master's hand ... mistress's handHere "hand" refers to the provision for needs. Alternate Translation: "master's provision ... mistress's provision"
Psa 124:3their anger raged against usHere "their anger" refers to the enemies who were angry. Alternate Translation: "they were very angry with us"
Psa 125:3The scepter of wickednessHere the scepter of wickedness represents the rule of wicked people. Alternate Translation: "Wicked people" or "Wicked rulers"
Psa 125:4are upright in their heartsHere, "hearts" refers to their desires. Alternate Translation: "desire to do the right"
Psa 130:3who could standStand often represents escaping or surviving when someone attacks. In this case, it would be to escape from being being punished. Alternate Translation: "no one could escape from your punishment" or "no one could survive your punishment"
Psa 130:6My soul waitsThe psalmist is spoken of as if he were waiting on something with expectation. Alternate Translation: "I hope" or "I trust" or "I desire for something"
Psa 131:2my soul within meThe soul represents the person or his emotions. Alternate Translation: "I"
Psa 132:5until I find a place for YahwehBuilding a place for Yahweh is spoken of as finding a place for him. Alternate Translation: "until I build a place for Yahweh"
Psa 132:13he has desired her for his seatHere "seat" represents either 1) his throne where he would rule, or 2) the place where he would stay.
Psa 132:18his crown will shineThe crown represents his rule, and greatness is spoken of as shining. Alternate Translation: "he will be a great king" or "his greatness will shine"
Psa 135:1Praise the name of YahwehYahweh's name represents him. "Praise Yahweh" or "Praise him"
Psa 135:2stand in Yahweh's houseThis represents serving Yahweh in his temple.
Psa 135:4Yahweh has chosen JacobJacob here refers to his descendants, the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has chosen Jacob's descendants"
Psa 135:13Your nameHis name here represents his fame or reputation. Alternate Translation: "Your fame" or "Your reputation"
Psa 135:21he who lives in JerusalemGod is spoken of as if he lived in Jerusalem because the temple where the Israelites worshiped him was there. Alternate Translation: "he whose temple is in Jerusalem"
Psa 136:15PharaohThat is, the army of Pharaoh.
Psa 137:2On the poplars therePoplar trees do not grow in Israel. "Poplars" may here stand for all the trees in Babylon. Alternate Translation: "On the trees in Babylon"
Psa 137:7Call to mind, Yahweh, what the Edomites didHere remembering what the Edomites did represents punishing them for what they did. Alternate Translation: "Punish the Edomites, Yahweh, for what they did"
Psa 137:8Daughter of BabylonThis represents the city of Babylon and its people.
Psa 138:1I will give you thanks with my whole heartThe heart here represents the emotions. Doing something sincerely or completely is spoken of as doing it with all one's heart. Alternate Translation: "I will sincerely thank you"
Psa 138:2give thanks to your nameHere the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "give thanks to you"
Psa 138:2your namePossible meanings are 1) "yourself" or 2) "your fame."
Psa 139:14My soul knows this very wellHere "soul" probably refers to the psalmist's innermost ability to be certain about God's love and guidance. The translator may, however, treat "soul" here as metonymy for the psalmist's mind and heart. Alternate Translation: "I know this with all my heart"
Psa 140:6listen to my criesThis is a call for help. Alternate Translation: "listen to me as I call to you now for help"
Psa 140:13to your nameThis represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "to you"
Psa 141:2my prayerThe psalmist wants Yahweh to be pleased with him because he is praying and because of the words of his prayer.
Psa 141:5my prayer is always against their wicked deedsThe words "wicked deeds" are a metonym for the people who do the wicked deeds. Alternate Translation: "I always pray that Yahweh will stop wicked people from doing evil deeds"
Psa 142:4my lifeThis is a metonym for "me."
Psa 142:5called out to youThis is a call for help. Alternate Translation: "called to you now for help"
Psa 142:6Listen to my callThis is a call for help. See how you translated this in [Psalms 5:1](../005/001.md). Alternate Translation: "Listen to me as I call to you now for help"
Psa 142:7give thanks to your nameThe word "name" is a metonym for the person. See how you translated this in [Psalms 5:11](../005/011.md). Alternate Translation: "give thanks to you"
Psa 143:1Hear my prayerThe words "my prayer" are a metonym for the person who is praying. See how these words are translated in [Psalms 39:12](../039/012.md). Alternate Translation: "Listen to me as I pray to you" or "Be willing to do what I ask you to do"
Psa 143:6spread my hands out to youWhat one does with one's body here is a metonym for the purpose of doing so. The Israelites would commonly pray while standing with their hands raised and spread out at their sides. Alternate Translation: "pray to you with my hands lifted up at my sides"
Psa 143:11for your name's sakeYahweh's name represents his reputation and character. Alternate Translation: "because of who you are"
Psa 143:12the enemies of my lifethe enemies of my soul. My "life" may be understood as representing the speaker. Alternate Translation: "my enemies"
Psa 144:7from the hand of foreignersHere "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "from the power of foreigners"
Psa 144:10from an evil swordDavid speaks of evil people as if they were the swords they use as weapons. Alternate Translation: "from evil people who were trying to kill him"
Psa 144:11from the hand of foreignersHere "hand" refers to power. See how you translated these words in [Psalms 144:7-8](./007.md). Alternate Translation: "from the power of foreigners"
Psa 144:14no outcryHere the outcry is associated with a severe problem that causes the person to cry out. Alternate Translation: "no one crying in pain" or "no one crying for help" or "no one calling out for justice"
Psa 145:1bless your nameThe word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. See how "may his glorious name be blessed" is translated in [Psalms 72:19](../072/019.md). Alternate Translation: "bless you" or "do what makes you happy"
Psa 145:2praise your nameThe word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "praise you" or "tell people how great you are"
Psa 145:21let all mankind bless his holy nameThe word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. See how "may his glorious name be blessed" is translated in [Psalms 72:19](../072/019.md). Alternate Translation: "let all people bless him" or "let all people do what makes him happy"
Psa 146:1Praise Yahweh, my soulHere "soul" represents the writer's inner being. The writer is commanding his inner being to praise Yahweh. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate Translation: "I will praise Yahweh with all my soul" or "I give praise to Yahweh with all my life"
Psa 146:10your God, ZionHere "Zion" represents all the people of Israel. The writer is speaking to the people of Israel as if they were there listening to him. Alternate Translation: "your God, people of Israel"
Psa 147:10the strong legs of a manPossible meanings are 1) "strong legs" is a metonym that represents how swiftly a man can run. Alternate Translation: "men who can run swiftly" or 2) "strong legs" represents the strength of the whole man. Alternate Translation: "how strong a man is"
Psa 148:5Let them praise the name of YahwehHere the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "Let them praise Yahweh"
Psa 148:7all ocean depthsThis phrase represents every creature that lives in the depths of the oceans. Alternate Translation: "all creatures in the ocean depths"
Psa 148:11all nationsThe word "nations" represents the people who live in those nations. Alternate Translation: "people of every nation"
Psa 148:13the name of Yahweh, for his name aloneHere the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh, for he alone"
Psa 149:3praise his nameThe word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "praise him" or "tell people how great he is"
Psa 149:7the nationsThe phrase "the nations" is a metonym for the people who live in the nations. Alternate Translation: "the people of the nations"
Pro 1:14we will all have one purse togetherHere "purse" represents everything that they steal. Alternate Translation: "we will equally share everything that we steal"
Pro 1:16to shed bloodHere "blood" represents a person's life. To "shed blood" means to murder someone.
Pro 1:18their own bloodHere "blood" is a metonym for a violent death. Alternate Translation: "to kill themselves violently"
Pro 1:18they set an ambush for their own livesHere "their own lives" is a metonym for themselves. Alternate Translation: "it is as if they are the ones who are waiting to suddenly attack and kill them"
Pro 2:2incline your heart to understandingHere "heart" represents a person's mind. The phrase "incline your heart" is an idiom that means to commit or fully dedicate one's mind to a task. Alternate Translation: "try hard to understand what is wise" or "fully dedicate yourself to understanding wise teachings"
Pro 2:10wisdom will come into your heartHere "heart" represents a person's inner being. A person becoming wise is spoken of as if wisdom would enter into a person's heart. Alternate Translation: "you will gain much wisdom" or "you will learn how to be truly wise"
Pro 2:18to those in the graveThis refers to the spirits of dead people and is a metonym for the place of the dead. Alternate Translation: "to the grave"
Pro 3:3write them on the tablet of your heartHere the heart represents a person's mind. The mind is spoken of as if it were a tablet upon which someone can write messages and commands. Alternate Translation: "always remember them, as if you had written them permanently on a tablet"
Pro 3:5all your heartHere the word "heart" represents the inner person. Alternate Translation: "your whole being"
Pro 3:33he blesses the home of righteous peopleThe word "home" represents the family. Alternate Translation: "he blesses the families of righteous people"
Pro 4:4Let your heart hold fast to my wordsHere the word "heart" represents the person's mind. The writer speaks of remembering words as if the heart were holding on tightly to them. Alternate Translation: "Always remember what I am teaching you"
Pro 4:13for it is your lifeThe writer speaks of discipline preserving a person's life as if it were that person's life. Alternate Translation: "for it will preserve your life"
Pro 4:22my words are lifeThe writer speaks of his words preserving a person's life as if they were that person's life. Alternate Translation: "my words give life" or "the things I say give life"
Pro 4:23Keep your heart safe and guard itHere the word "heart" represents a person's mind and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "Keep your mind safe and guard your thoughts"
Pro 4:23from it flow the springs of lifeThe word "it" refers to the heart, which is a metonym for the mind and thoughts. The writer speaks of a person's life as if it were a flowing spring that originates from the heart. Alternate Translation: "from your thoughts comes everything you say and do" or "your thoughts determine your course of life"
Pro 5:3the lips of an adulteress drip with honeyPossible meanings are 1) the word "lips" represents the words of the adulteress and the writer speaks of the attractiveness of her words as if her lips dripped with honey. Alternate Translation: "the words of an adulteress are sweet, as if dripping with honey" or 2) the writer speaks of the allure of kissing the adulteress as if her lips dripped with honey. Alternate Translation: "the kisses of an adulteress are sweet, as if her lips dripped with honey"
Pro 5:3her mouth is smoother than oilPossible meanings are 1) the word "mouth" represents the speech of the adulteress and the writer speaks of the persuasiveness of her speech as if her mouth were smoother than olive oil. Alternate Translation: "her speech is persuasive and smoother than olive oil" or 2) the writer speaks of the pleasure of kissing the adulteress as if her mouth were smoother than oil. Alternate Translation: "her kisses are smoother than olive oil"
Pro 5:8Keep your path far away from herHere the word "path" represents the person's daily conduct and circumstances. Alternate Translation: "Keep yourself far away from her" or "Stay away from her"
Pro 5:10what you have worked for will not go into the house of strangersHere the word "house" represents the person's family. Alternate Translation: "the things that you have obtained will not end up belonging to the families of strangers"
Pro 6:5from the hand of the hunterThe hand of the hunter refers to the hunter's control. Alternate Translation: "from the control of the hunter"
Pro 6:6consider her waysThis is a figure of speech using the "ways" of an ant to refer to the behavior of the ant. Alternate Translation: "consider how the ant behaves"
Pro 6:10folding of the hands to restPeople often fold their hands while reclining in order to rest more comfortably. Alternate Translation: "I will just cross my arms comfortably and rest a little"
Pro 6:25in your heartHere "heart" represents the mind. Alternate Translation: "in your thoughts"
Pro 6:25her beautywhat is beautiful about her. This can also be a metonym for the woman. Alternate Translation: "her"
Pro 6:27his clothesHis clothes stand for him as a whole person.
Pro 6:33his disgraceThis figure of speech is using the term "disgrace" to refer to the feeling of him acting shamefully. Alternate Translation: "the memory of his shameful act"
Pro 7:14I paid my vowsHere "vows" represents what the person promised to sacrifice to God. Alternate Translation: "I made the sacrifices I promised to God"
Pro 7:21smooth lipsHere "lips" represents what a person says. When a person flatters someone else by saying things that are not sincere, these words are spoken of as if they were a smooth object. Alternate Translation: "flattering, deceiving words"
Pro 7:26She has caused many people to fall down piercedBeing pierced by spears or arrows represents being killed. Alternate Translation: "She has caused many people to fall dead"
Pro 8:4my voice is for the sons of mankindHere "voice" represents the words that are spoken. Alternate Translation: "my words are for the sons of mankind"
Pro 8:4the sons of mankindThis is metonymy representing all human beings. Alternate Translation: "all people"
Pro 8:9my words are upright for those who find knowledgeThis probably means that those who find knowledge will easily understand that the speaker's words are upright. Here "words" represent a message or teaching. Alternate Translation: "those who know what is right and what is wrong consider what I teach to be right"
Pro 8:36his own lifeHere "life" represents the person's self.
Pro 9:2She has slaughtered her animalsThis refers to animals whose meat will be eaten in the dinner that Wisdom will give. Alternate Translation: "She has killed the animals for meat at dinner"
Pro 10:4A lazy handHand represents the strength and ability of a person. Alternate Translation: "A person unwilling to work"
Pro 10:4hand of the diligentHand represents the strength and ability of a person. Alternate Translation: "person who works hard"
Pro 10:6mouth of the wickedThe "mouth" represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "words the wicked speak"
Pro 10:7nameThe word "name" represents a person's reputation. Alternate Translation: "memory"
Pro 10:11The mouth of the righteousHere "mouth" represents what a persons says. Alternate Translation: "The speech of a righteous person"
Pro 10:11the mouth of the wickedHere "mouth" represents what a persons says. Alternate Translation: "the speech of a wicked person"
Pro 10:13on the lips of a discerning personLips represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "in what a sensible person says"
Pro 10:13a rod is for the backRod represents strong, physical punishment and "the back" represents the person who receives the punishment. Alternate Translation: "a person who has no sense needs forceful punishment"
Pro 10:14the mouth of a foolMouth represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "the words from a foolish person"
Pro 10:18has lying lipsLips represent what a person says. Alternate Translation: "tells lies"
Pro 10:20The tongue of the righteous personTongue represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "Whatever a righteous person says"
Pro 10:21The lips of the righteousLips represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "The sayings of a righteous man"
Pro 10:31Out of the mouth of the righteous personMouth represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "From the righteous man's words"
Pro 10:31the perverse tongue will be cut outTongue represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "God will shut the mouths of people who say what is false"
Pro 10:32lips of the righteous person know what is acceptableLips represent what a person says. Alternate Translation: "righteous person knows how to speak acceptably"
Pro 10:32mouth of the wickedMouth represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "the words of the wicked"
Pro 11:9With his mouth the godlessMouth represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "The words of the godless"
Pro 11:11the city becomes greatCity represents the community or people group. Alternate Translation: "the people group prospers" or "the community becomes prosperous"
Pro 11:11by the mouth of the wickedMouth represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "the words of evil people"
Pro 11:20whose hearts are perverseHeart represents the feelings, attitudes and motivations of a person. Alternate Translation: "who have wicked thoughts"
Pro 12:7houseThe term "house" is often used figuratively in the Bible to refer to a person's ancestors, descendants or other relatives. Alternate Translation: "family" or "descendants"
Pro 12:13An evil person is trapped by his wicked talkTrapped represents being caught in a snare or being tricked. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The wicked things an evil person says will trap him"
Pro 12:14just as the work of his hands rewards himThe phrase, "the work of his hands" represents work done by physical labor. Alternate Translation: "just as the good work he does rewards him"
Pro 12:18the tongue of the wiseTongue represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "what wise people say"
Pro 12:19Truthful lips last foreverLips represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "A truthful person endures forever"
Pro 12:19a lying tongue is only for a momentTongue represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "the one who lies lasts only for a moment"
Pro 12:22Yahweh hates lying lipsLips represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh detests those who tell lies"
Pro 12:24The hand of the diligentHand represents what a person does -- his works. Alternate Translation: "Diligent people"
Pro 12:24will be put to forced laborForced labor describes what a person must do who is not free to do what he wants. Alternate Translation: "will become a slave"
Pro 13:1A wise son hearsHere "hears" represents listening in order to do it. Alternate Translation: "A wise son obeys"
Pro 13:1will not listen to rebukeHere "listen" represents paying attention in order to do it. Alternate Translation: "will not learn from rebuke" or "will not obey, despite rebuke"
Pro 13:2From the fruit of his mouthHere "fruit" represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "From the words of his mouth" or "From what he says"
Pro 13:3his mouthHere "mouth" represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "what he says"
Pro 13:6who are faultless in their pathHere "path" represents how a person directs his life. Alternate Translation: "who are faultless in their way of living" or "who live lives of integrity"
Pro 13:11working with his handThe phrase "working with his hand" refers to physical work instead of only mental or other types of work. Many people give physical work a low value. Alternate Translation: "working with physical strength"
Pro 13:12When hope is postponedHere "hope" represents the thing a person hopes for. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "When a person hopes for something but does not receive it for a very long time"
Pro 13:25the stomach of the wicked is always hungryHere "stomach" represents the desires of a person. Alternate Translation: "the wicked person is always hungry for more"
Pro 14:3the mouth of ... the lips ofThe mouth and the lips both refer to what a person says.
Pro 14:4by the strength of an oxStrength represents the strong work an ox can do. Alternate Translation: "because of the work an ox does"
Pro 14:7on his lipsThe word "lips" represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "from his speech" or "with his comments"
Pro 14:8his own wayThe word "way" represents the conduct of life of a person. Alternate Translation: "his conduct" or "how he lives"
Pro 14:11the tentThe word "tent" represents everything that happens within it. Alternate Translation: "the household"
Pro 14:18inherit foolishnessHere "inherit" represents having permanent possession of something.
Pro 14:19at the gates of the righteousThe word "gates" represents an entrance to meet with another. This means the wicked will have to wait for the righteous person and beg to enter his presence. Alternate Translation: "to meet with the righteous person"
Pro 15:4A healing tongue is a tree of lifeThe word "tongue" refers to speech. The writer speaks of the words of a person who says things that help and encourage others as if they were a tree that provides life-giving nourishment. Alternate Translation: "Kind words are like a tree that gives life"
Pro 15:4a deceitful tongue crushes the spiritThe phrase "a deceitful tongue" refers to speech that is deceitful or hurtful. The writer speaks of a person being hurt or in despair as if that person's spirit were an object that words have crushed. Alternate Translation: "deceitful speech causes a person to despair"
Pro 15:11the hearts of the sons of mankindHere the word "hearts" represents the thoughts and motivations. The phrase "the sons of mankind" is an idiom for humanity. Alternate Translation: "the thoughts of humans"
Pro 15:14The heart of the discerningHere the word "heart" represents the mind and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "The mind of the discerning person" or "The discerning person"
Pro 15:17a meal with vegetablesThe vegetables represent a small meal with very little food. Alternate Translation: "a small meal" or "very little food"
Pro 15:17a fatted calfThis refers to a calf that has been fed a lot of food so that it will become fat. Here it represents a delicious meal or a feast. Alternate Translation: "a luxurious meal" or "a feast"
Pro 15:28The heart of the righteous person ponders before it answersHere the word "heart" is a metonym for the mind and thoughts. This represents the person who thinks. Alternate Translation: "The person who does right ponders what to say before he answers"
Pro 16:1The plans of the heart belong to a personHere the word "heart" represents the person's mind and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "A person makes plans in his mind"
Pro 16:2Yahweh weighs the spiritsHere the word "spirits" represents people's desires and motives. The writer speaks of Yahweh discerning and judging a person's desires and motives as if he were weighing that person's spirit. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh judges the person's motives"
Pro 16:9In his heart a person plans out his wayHere the word "heart" represents the mind and thoughts. The writer speaks of a person's actions as if the person were walking on a path. Alternate Translation: "A person plans in his mind what he will do"
Pro 16:10Insightful decisions are on the lips of a kingHere the word "lips" is a metonym for what the king says. Alternate Translation: "What a king says are insightful decisions"
Pro 16:12for a throne is established by doing what is rightHere the word "throne" represents the king's rule. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "for the king establishes his reign by doing what is right"
Pro 16:18a haughty spiritHere the word "spirit" represents the person's attitude and temperament. Alternate Translation: "an arrogant attitude"
Pro 16:21The one who is wise in heartHere the heart represents the mind and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "The one who is wise" or "The one who is wise in his thinking"
Pro 16:23The heart of a wise person givesHere the word "heart" represents the mind and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "The thoughts of a wise person gives"
Pro 16:23gives insight to his mouthHere the word "mouth" is a metonym for speech. Alternate Translation: "makes his speech wise"
Pro 16:23to his lipsHere the word "lips" is a metonym for speech. Alternate Translation: "to what he says"
Pro 16:24sweet to the soulPossible meanings for the word "soul" are 1) it represents a person's inward desires and pleasures. Alternate Translation: "sweet enough to make a person happy" or 2) it can mean "throat" and is a metonym for a person's tongue and ability to taste. Alternate Translation: "sweet to a person's taste"
Pro 16:25There is a way that seems right to a manThe writer speaks of a person's conduct or behavior as if it were a road on which the person is traveling. Alternate Translation: "A person thinks that the way he is living is right"
Pro 17:1to have quietHere "quiet" refers to "peace." Alternate Translation: "to have peace"
Pro 17:20who has a crooked heartThe "heart" represents a person's feelings, attitudes and motivations. Alternate Translation: "who is deceptive" or "who is dishonest"
Pro 17:20has a perverse tongueThe "tongue" represents a person's speech. Alternate Translation: "speaks perversely" or "speaks wickedly"
Pro 17:22A cheerful heartThe "heart" represents a person's feelings, attitudes and motivations. Alternate Translation: "Being cheerful"
Pro 17:22a broken spiritHere the "spirit" represents a person's feelings and emotional state. A broken spirit refers to a poor emotional state. Alternate Translation: "depression"
Pro 17:22dries up the bonesA person's bones represent their physical health and strength. If a person's bones dry up it means that they are very sick and unhealthy. Alternate Translation: "makes a person unhealthy and weak"
Pro 18:2what is in his own heartThe contents of a person's heart refers to the person's thoughts and feelings. Alternate Translation: "what he thinks"
Pro 18:6his mouthHere what the fool says is referred to as his "mouth." Alternate Translation: "what he says"
Pro 18:7A fool's mouth ... with his lipsBoth of these phrases refer to what a fool says. Alternate Translation: "What a fool says ... by what he says"
Pro 18:10The name of YahwehHere Yahweh is referred to by his name. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh"
Pro 18:15the hearing of the wise seeks it outHere the wise person is referred to by his hearing to emphasize what he desires to listen to. Alternate Translation: "the wise seeks to learn about it"
Pro 18:20the harvest of his lipsThis speaks of the good things that a person says as if they were fruit that is harvested. Alternate Translation: "his wise speech" or "his good words"
Pro 18:21by the tongue ... love the tongueHere the "tongue" refers to speech. Alternate Translation: "by what people say ... love speaking"
Pro 19:8loves his own lifeHere the person is referred to by his "life" to emphasize himself being alive. Alternate Translation: "loves himself"
Pro 19:21in a person's heartHere the "heart" is used to refer to the "mind" to emphasize a person's desire. Alternate Translation: "in a person's mind" or "that a person desires"
Pro 19:27If you cease to hear instructionHere "listening and obeying" is spoken of as if it were "hearing." Alternate Translation: "If you stop paying attention to instruction" or "If you stop obeying instruction"
Pro 20:1Wine is a mockerHere "wine" refers to the person who is drunk with wine. Alternate Translation: "A person who is drunk with wine mocks"
Pro 20:1strong drink is a brawlerHere "strong drink" refers to a person who is drunk with strong drink. Alternate Translation: "a person who is drunk with strong drink starts fights"
Pro 20:9my heartHere a person's "heart" refers to his thoughts and desires. Alternate Translation: "my thoughts"
Pro 20:13open your eyesHere "opening one's eyes" is spoken of as "being awake." Alternate Translation: "stay awake" or "be alert"
Pro 20:15lips of knowledgeHere "words" are referred to as "lips." Alternate Translation: "wise words" or "words of knowledge"
Pro 20:17BreadHere "bread" refers to food in general. Alternate Translation: "Food"
Pro 20:28his throne is made secure by loveHere "throne" represents the king's power to rule. The abstract noun "love" can be stated as a verb. Also, this can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "a king ensures that he will rule for a long time by loving others"
Pro 21:1The king's heartThe heart is a metaphor for what a person thinks and what he wants to do. Alternate Translation: "The king's thoughts and actions" or "What the king thinks and what he wants to do"
Pro 21:6a lying tongueThe tongue is a metonym for the words a person uses the tongue to speak. Alternate Translation: "speaking lies"
Pro 21:13he will not be answeredThe word "answered" is a metonym for a person hearing another person ask for help and acting to help. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "no one will do anything to help him"
Pro 21:24Mocker is his nameThe word "name" is a metonym for what people would call him. Alternate Translation: "a mocker is what you should call him"
Pro 22:8the rod of his fury will fade awayThe word "rod" is a metonym for power over other people. Possible meanings are 1) the unjust ruler will lose the power that he had that allowed him to treat other people unjustly or 2) when the people respond to the injustice he had done by harming him, he will have no power to stop them. Alternate Translation: "he will no longer have the power that he had used to harm people"
Pro 22:8rod of his furyThe word "rod" is a metonym for power over other people. The unjust man was harming innocent people as if he were very angry with them. Alternate Translation: "the rod he had used as if he were punishing people" or "the power he used to harm others"
Pro 22:9one who has a generous eyeThe eye is a metonym for seeing what other people need, and the "generous eye" not only sees but gives what the other people need. The eye is also a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate Translation: "generous person" or "person who is willing to give things to other people"
Pro 22:9breadSince bread was the main food for many people in biblical times, it is often used to refer to food in general.
Pro 22:12keep watch over knowledgeKeeping watch is s metonym for protecting. Alternate Translation: "protect knowledge"
Pro 22:14The mouth of an adulteress is a deep pitThe word "mouth" is a metonym for the words that come out of the mouth. The writer speaks of a person being unable to escape having people punish him for evil deeds as if that person had fallen into a hole someone had dug in the ground from which he could not escape. Alternate Translation: "The words spoken by an adulteress will draw you in, and it will be as if you have fallen into a deep and dangerous pit"
Pro 22:15the rod of disciplineThe writer speaks of a parent using any form of discipline as if that parent were hitting the child with a wooden rod.
Pro 22:18all of them are ready on your lipsThe person being ready to speak is spoken of as if it were the words that were ready. Alternate Translation: "you are able to speak of them at any time"
Pro 22:22at the gateThe place where people bought and sold items and settled legal arguments is used as a metonym for business and legal activity. Alternate Translation: "in court"
Pro 22:25bait for your soulThe soul is a metonym for the person's life. Alternate Translation: "bait that someone has put out so he can kill you"
Pro 22:29stand beforeThis represents becoming a servant of the important person. Kings and other important people will think so highly of him that they will use his services.
Pro 23:14save his soul from SheolIf the hearer beats his children with the rod, they will not die young because they have done foolish or evil things. The word "soul" is a metonym for the person. Sheol is the world of the dead; going to the world of the dead is a euphemism for dying. Alternate Translation: "you will keep him from the world of the dead" or "you will keep him from dying"
Pro 23:26give me your heartThe word "heart" is a metonym for what a person thinks and decides to do. Possible meanings are 1) "pay careful attention" or 2) "trust me completely."
Pro 24:3it is establishedThe word "established" means made stable and strong. The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, and the house being physically stable and strong is a metaphor for a family that lives in peace.
Pro 24:7open his mouthThe mouth is a metonym for the words that come from the mouth. Alternate Translation: "speak"
Pro 24:12weighs the heartThe word "heart" is a metonym for what a person thinks and desires. The writer speaks as if what a person thinks and desires were a physical object that a person could weigh, and weighing an object is a metaphor for looking closely at something to see how good it is. Alternate Translation: "knows how good what people really think and desire is"
Pro 24:28with your lipsThe lips are a metonym for the words a person speaks. Alternate Translation: "by what you say"
Pro 25:5his throne will be established by doingThe throne is a metonym for the power to rule. These words can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the king will establish his throne by doing" or "he will have the power to rule because he does"
Pro 26:6Whoever sends a message by the hand of a foolHere the hand represents the fool's responsibility to deliver the message. Alternate Translation: "Whoever sends a fool to deliver a message"
Pro 26:7in the mouth of foolsHere "mouth" is a metonym for speaking. Alternate Translation: "in the speech of fools" or "that fools say"
Pro 26:9in the mouth of foolsHere "mouth" is a metonym for speaking. Alternate Translation: "in the speech of fools" or "that fools say"
Pro 26:23an evil heartThe heart represents a person's thoughts, attitudes, desires, or feelings. Alternate Translation: "evil thoughts" or "evil desires"
Pro 27:6Faithful are the wounds caused by a friendThe trustworthiness of a friend's rebuke is spoken of as if the sadness that his rebuke causes is trustworthy. Alternate Translation: "Though it causes sadness, a friend's rebuke is trustworthy"
Pro 27:9make the heart rejoiceHere "the heart" represents the feelings or emotions of a person. Alternate Translation: "make a person feel joyful" or "make a person glad"
Pro 27:11make my heart rejoiceHere the "heart" represents the person's feelings or emotions. Alternate Translation: "make me feel joyful" or "make me glad"
Pro 27:19a person's heartHere this means a person's thoughts. Alternate Translation: "what a person thinks"
Pro 27:20a man's eyesHere the "eyes" represent a man's desires. Alternate Translation: "a man's desires"
Pro 27:24a crownHere "crown" is a metonym for a king's rule over his kingdom. Alternate Translation: "a king's rule"
Pro 28:2the transgression of a landThis is a metonym for the sins of the people living in a land. Alternate Translation: "the transgression of the people of a land"
Pro 28:17he has shed someone's bloodHere "blood" represents a person's life. To "shed blood" means to murder someone. Alternate Translation: "he has killed someone" or "he has murdered someone"
Pro 28:23flatters him with his tongueThe tongue here represents speaking. Alternate Translation: "flatters him with words"
Pro 28:27closes his eyes toClosing the eyes represents not responding to the needs of the poor. Alternate Translation: "ignores" or "chooses not to help"
Pro 29:2the people sighThe people let out long, loud breaths that show that they are weary and sad. Alternate Translation: "the people will be weary and sad"
Pro 29:8set a city on fireHere the word "city" represents the people who live in the city. Mockers causing the people to experience turmoil and possibly to become violent is spoken of as if they set the city on fire. Alternate Translation: "create turmoil for the people of a city"
Pro 29:14his throneThe throne is a metonym for the kingdom he rules from his throne. Alternate Translation: "his kingdom"
Pro 29:15The rodParents in Israel used wooden rods as instruments to discipline children by striking them. Alternate Translation: "discipline"
Pro 29:26Many are those who seek the face of the rulerThe word "face" is a metonym for the ruler listening to people telling him what they want him to do and then doing it. Alternate Translation: "Many people want their ruler to pay attention to them"
Pro 30:13eyes are raised up ... their eyelids lifted upThis describes people who think that they are better than other people. Their eyes show that they are proud, and the way they look at others shows that they think they are better than those other people.
Pro 31:8for the causes of all who are perishingThe cause represents the person whose cause it is. Alternate Translation: "so that people will treat all who are perishing justly"
Pro 31:20reaches out with her hand to poorThe hand is a metonym for the help the woman uses her hand to give. Alternate Translation: "helps poor"
Pro 31:21are clothed in scarletHere "scarlet" does not refer to the color of the cloth, but that the clothing is expensive and warm. Alternate Translation: "have expensive, warm clothing"
Pro 31:26opens her mouth with wisdomThe act of opening her mouth is a metonym for speaking. The abstract noun "wisdom" can be translated as an adverb or an adjective. Alternate Translation: "she speaks wisely" or "she speaks wise words"
Pro 31:26the law of kindness is on her tongueThe phrase "on her tongue" refers to her speaking, as the tongue is part of the mouth. The phrase "the law of kindness" refers to her teaching people to be kind. Alternate Translation: "she teaches people to be kind"
Pro 31:28rise up andPossible meanings are 1) literally "stand up and" or 2) as a metonym, "actively."
Pro 31:31let her works praise her in the gatesShe will be praised for her works, not by her works. Those "in the gates" are the important people of the city who conduct business and legal affairs near the gates of the city. Alternate Translation: "may the important people of the city praise her because of the works she has done"
Ecc 2:4I built houses for myself and planted vineyards. I built for myself gardens and parks. I planted ... I createdThe writer probably told people to do the work. Alternate Translation: "I had people build houses and plant vineyards for me. I had them build gardens and parks for me ... I had them plant ... I had them create"
Ecc 2:5I built houses for myself and planted vineyards. I built for myself gardens and parks. I planted ... I createdThe writer probably told people to do the work. Alternate Translation: "I had people build houses and plant vineyards for me. I had them build gardens and parks for me ... I had them plant ... I had them create"
Ecc 2:6I built houses for myself and planted vineyards. I built for myself gardens and parks. I planted ... I createdThe writer probably told people to do the work. Alternate Translation: "I had people build houses and plant vineyards for me. I had them build gardens and parks for me ... I had them plant ... I had them create"
Ecc 2:8provincesHere "provinces" represents the rulers of the provinces. Alternate Translation: "the rulers of provinces"
Ecc 2:19that my work and wisdom have builtHere the author's "work" and "wisdom" represent himself and the things he did in his wisdom. He probably had help with the literal buildings. Alternate Translation: "that I worked very hard and wisely to build"
Ecc 2:24God's handHere God is represented by his "hand" to emphasize how he provides for people. Alternate Translation: "from God"
Ecc 3:11placed eternity in their heartsHere the word "their" refers to human beings. Here the "hearts" of the people represent their thoughts and desires. Alternate Translation: "placed eternity in the hearts of human beings" or "caused people to think about eternal things"
Ecc 4:1the tears of oppressed peopleHere "tears" represent weeping. Alternate Translation: "the oppressed people were weeping"
Ecc 4:1Power was in the hand of their oppressorsThis means that their oppressors were powerful. Here their "hand" represents what thet possess. Alternate Translation: "Their oppressors were powerful"
Ecc 4:13who no longer knows howHere knowing represents willingness. Alternate Translation: "who is no longer willing"
Ecc 5:1Guard your stepsHere "steps" are a metonym for a person's conduct. Alternate Translation: "Be careful how you conduct yourself"
Ecc 5:6Do not allow your mouth to cause your flesh to sinHere a person's "mouth" represents a person's speech, and the person himself is represented by his "flesh." Alternate Translation: "Do not let what you say cause you to sin"
Ecc 5:14his own son, one whom he has fathered, is left with nothing in his handsHere the phrase "in his hands" represents ownership. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "he leaves no possession for his own son" (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
Ecc 5:15He can take none of the fruits of his labor in his handHere a man's possessions are spoken of as if they are fruit that he grew with his labor. Alternate Translation: "He can not take any of his possessions with him"
Ecc 5:17his daysHere a person's "days" represent his life. Alternate Translation: "his life"
Ecc 6:7is for his mouthHere putting food in a man's mouth represents feeding him. Alternate Translation: "is to put food in his mouth" or "is to feed him"
Ecc 6:9what the eyes seeA person can see these things because he already has them. Alternate Translation: "what a person has"
Ecc 6:9to desire what a wandering appetite cravesThis refers to things that a person wants but does not have. Alternate Translation: "to want what he does not have"
Ecc 7:1A good nameHere a person's "name" is used to represent their reputation. Alternate Translation: "A good reputation"
Ecc 7:3gladness of heartHere the word "heart" refers to a person's thoughts and emotions. "Gladness" describes either 1) the state of the emotions of being happy and peaceful or 2) the ability to understand the truth. Alternate Translation: "right thinking"
Ecc 7:7corrupts the heartHere the word "heart" refers to the mind. Alternate Translation: "ruins a person's ability to think and judge rightly"
Ecc 7:8the people patient in spirit are better than the proud in spiritHere the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude. Alternate Translation: "patient people are better than proud people" or "a patient attitude is better than a prideful attitude"
Ecc 7:9Do not be quick to anger in your spiritHere the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude. Alternate Translation: "Do not become angry quickly" or "Do not have a bad temper"
Ecc 7:22in your own heartHere a person's thoughts are represented by their "heart." Alternate Translation: "in your own thoughts"
Ecc 7:25I turned my heartHere the word "heart" refers to the mind. Also, here the word "turned" is an idiom. Alternate Translation: "I directed my thoughts" or "I determined"
Ecc 9:1in God's handsHere the word "hands" refers to power and authority. Alternate Translation: "under God's control"
Ecc 9:3The hearts of human beings are full of evil, and madness is in their heartsHere the word "hearts" refers to the thoughts and emotions. Alternate Translation: "Human beings are full of evil, and their thoughts are of madness"
Ecc 9:7drink your wine with a happy heartHere the word "heart" refers to the emotions. Alternate Translation: "drink your wine joyfully"
Ecc 9:11BreadHere "Bread" refers to food in general. Alternate Translation: "Food"
Ecc 10:2The heart of a wise person ... the heart of a foolHere the word "heart" refers to the mind or will. Alternate Translation: "The way a wise person thinks ... the way a fool thinks"
Ecc 10:4If the emotions of a ruler rise up against youHere a ruler is represented by his "emotions" Alternate Translation: "If a ruler becomes angry with you"
Ecc 10:12The words of a wise man's mouth are graciousHere the wise man's speech is represented by his "mouth." Alternate Translation: "The things that a wise man says are gracious"
Ecc 10:12the lips of a fool consume himHere the fool's speech is represented by his "lips." This speaks of the fool destroying himself by his speech as if it were eating him. Alternate Translation: "The things that a foolish man says destroy him"
Ecc 10:13As words begin to flow from a fool's mouthA fool's speech is represented by his "mouth." Alternate Translation: "As a fool begins to speak"
Ecc 10:13at the end his mouth flows with wicked madnessA fool's speech is represented by his "mouth." Alternate Translation: "as he finishes talking, he speaks wicked madness"
Ecc 10:20not even in your mindA person's thoughts are represented by the person's "mind." Alternate Translation: "not even in your thoughts"
Ecc 11:7light is sweetHere the word "light" refers to being able to see the sun and therefore being alive. And, this speaks of the joy of being alive as if the light had a sweet taste. Alternate Translation: "it is a joy to be able to see the sun" or "being alive is delightful"
Ecc 11:9let your heart be joyfulHere the word "heart" represents the emotions. Alternate Translation: "be joyful"
Ecc 11:9Pursue the good desires of your heartHere the word "heart" may represent the mind or emotions. Alternate Translation: "Pursue the good things that you desire" or "Pursue the good things that you have determined to pursue"
Ecc 12:7dust returns to the earthHere the word "dust" refers to the human body that has decomposed.
Sng 1:7my soul lovesThe soul is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "I love"
Sng 1:15your eyes are dovesPossible meaning are 1) the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the man considers the woman's eyes beautiful because the way the woman looks at him makes him think she is gentle. Alternate Translation: "you are very gentle" or 2) the man is speaking of the woman's white eyeballs or the shape of her eyes as being like the shape of a dove.
Sng 2:4his banner over me was lovePossible meanings are 1) the banner is a metonym for a military escort. And, the military escort is a metaphor that represents the man's love which gives courage to the woman who was nervous to enter the large room where the king served many people. Alternate Translation: "but his loving protection guided me and gave me courage" or 2) the woman knew that the man wanted to make love to her from the way he looked at her. Alternate Translation: "he looked at me lovingly" or "when he looked at me, I knew he wanted to make love to me" or 3) they made love. Alternate Translation: "he lovingly covered me"
Sng 3:1him whom my soul lovesThe soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman's love for the man than "my beloved" ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)).
Sng 3:3him whom my soul lovesThe soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman's love for the man than "my beloved" ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)). See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 3:1](./01.md).
Sng 3:4the one who had conceived meThis is a metonym for her mother.
Sng 3:11the day of the joy of his heartThe word "heart" is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "the day on which he truly rejoiced" or "the happiest day of his life"
Sng 5:12His eyes are like dovesTranslate "eyes are like doves" as in [Song of Songs 1:15](../01/15.md). Possible meanings are 1) the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the woman considers the man's eyes beautiful because the way the man looks at her makes her think he is gentle. Alternate Translation: "His eyes are gentle like doves" or 2) the woman is speaking of the man's white eyeballs or the shape of his eyes, the shape of a dove.
Sng 5:16His mouth is most sweetThe mouth is a metonym for either 1) the man's sweet kisses or 2) the sweet words that he says.
Sng 7:4that looks toward DamascusThe tower looking is a metonym for people on the tower looking. Alternate Translation: "that allows people to look toward Damascus"
Sng 7:9May your palate be like the best wineThe palate is a metonym for the lips. Wine tastes good. The man wants to kiss the woman's lips.
Sng 8:10I am in his eyes as oneHere eyes are a metonym for judgment or value. Alternate Translation: "I am in his judgment as one" or "he thinks of me as one"
Sng 8:13listening for your voiceThe voice is a metonym for what the person says. If your language has a word for thinking only of what one is listening for, you could use it here. Alternate Translation: "waiting to hear you start speaking" or "waiting to hear what you have to say"
Isa 1:1Judah and JerusalemJudah refers to the southern kingdom of Israel. "Jerusalem" was its most important city. The names of the places represent the people who live in them. Alternate Translation: "those living in Judah and Jerusalem" or "the people of Judah and Jerusalem"
Isa 1:3IsraelThis is a metonym for the people of Israel. Judah is part of what had been the nation of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Isa 1:14your new moons and your appointed feastsThe words "new moons" are a metonym for the celebrations of the new moon. They are also a synecdoche for all regular celebrations. Alternate Translation: "your celebrations of the new moon and your other regular feasts"
Isa 1:15your hands are full of bloodThis is the reason that God will not listen to their prayers. The blood likely refers to violence that they have done against people. Alternate Translation: "because it is like your hands are covered with the blood of those you have harmed" or "because you are guilty of violence"
Isa 1:20the sword will devour youThe word "sword" refers to Judah's enemies. Also, the word "devour" compares Judah's enemies coming to kill them to a wild animal that attacks and eats other animals. Alternate Translation: "your enemies will kill you"
Isa 1:21How the faithful cityThis exclamation shows Isaiah's anger and sadness about the people of Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "See how the people of Jerusalem, who had been faithful to God"
Isa 1:25I will turn my hand against youHere "hand" refers to God's power which he would use to punish his people. Alternate Translation: "I will begin to use all my power against you"
Isa 1:26the city of righteousness, a faithful townHere "city" and "town" refer to the people living in Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "the city where the people are righteous and loyal to God"
Isa 1:27ZionThis is a metonym for the people who live on Mount Zion.
Isa 2:1Judah and JerusalemJudah and "Jerusalem" are metonyms for the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "those living in Judah and Jerusalem"
Isa 2:2all the nationsHere "nations" is a metonym for the people of those nations. Alternate Translation: "people from all the nations"
Isa 2:4nation will not lift up sword against nationno nation will lift up its sword against another nation. The sword is a metonym for war. Alternate Translation: "one nation will not fight wars against another nation"
Isa 2:5House of JacobYou descendants of Jacob. The word "house" is a metonym for the people who live in the house, the family. Here "Jacob" represents the nation of Judah, but it would be best to use "Jacob" here.
Isa 2:11the pride of men will be brought downThe pride of men here is a metonym for proud people, and being "brought down" is a metaphor for being humbled or ashamed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will bring down proud men" or "Yahweh will make proud people ashamed of themselves"
Isa 3:9For they have completed a catastrophe for themselvesThe catastrophe is still coming, but the people have finished doing what will cause it to come. The catastrophe's causes are spoken of here as if they were the catastrophe itself. Alternate Translation: "For they have done everything that will cause a catastrophe to happen"
Isa 3:11for the recompense of his hands will be done to himHere "hands" stands for the deeds that the person has done. Alternate Translation: "for what the wicked person has done to others will be done to him"
Isa 3:18the Lord will removeHere what the Lord causes others to do is spoken of as the Lord doing it himself. Alternate Translation: "the Lord will cause others to remove"
Isa 3:25Your men will fall by the sword, and your strong men will fall in warFalling represents being killed, and the sword represents battle. Alternate Translation: "Your men will be killed in battle, and your strong men will be killed in war" or "Enemies will kill your soldiers in battle"
Isa 3:26Jerusalem's gates will lament and mournHere the city gates represent the people who sit at the public places near the city gates. Alternate Translation: "The people of Jerusalem will sit at the city gates and cry and mourn" (See:- [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
Isa 4:4will have cleansed the blood stains from Jerusalem's midstBlood stains here represents violence and murder. Alternate Translation: "will have taken away those in Jerusalem who harm innocent people"
Isa 5:7the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of Israel"
Isa 5:15the eyes of the lofty will be cast downLooking down is often a sign of being ashamed. See how you translated similar words in [Isaiah 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate Translation: "the eyes of proud people will look down in shame" or "people who were proud are now ashamed"
Isa 5:21to those who are wise in their own eyesHere the metonym "eyes" refers to their thoughts. Alternate Translation: "to those who consider themselves to be wise"
Isa 5:25has reached out with his hand against themHere "hand" refers to God's power and control. Alternate Translation: "has shown his power against them"
Isa 5:25his hand is still stretched outHere "hand" represents God's power and control. Isaiah speaks as if Yahweh were a person about to hit another person with his fist. This is a metaphor for Yahweh punishing Israel. Alternate Translation: "he will still be ready to punish them"
Isa 5:29young lionsA young age is a metonym for strength. Alternate Translation: "the strongest lions"
Isa 6:5of unclean lipsHere "lips" represent what a person speaks. And, people saying things that are unacceptable to God is spoken of as if their lips were physically unclean.
Isa 6:10Make the heart of this people insensitiveHere "heart" represents a person's mind. A person who does not think clearly and is unable to understand and care about what is happening is spoken of as if his heart were insensitive. Alternate Translation: "Make these people unable to understand" or "Make the minds of these people dull"
Isa 6:10understand with their heartHere "heart" represents as person's mind. Truly understanding something and caring about what is happening is spoken of as if the people were to understand with their hearts.
Isa 7:1to war against itThe author speaks as if the city itself were the people who live in it. Alternate Translation: "to war against the people of Jerusalem"
Isa 7:2the house of DavidThe word "house" is a metonym for the family living in the house. Alternate Translation: "King Ahaz and his counselors"
Isa 7:2that Aram was allied with EphraimHere "Aram" and "Ephraim" refer to their kings. Here "Ephraim" represents the whole northern kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "that Rezin, the king of Aram was helping Pekah, the king of Israel"
Isa 7:5Aram, Ephraim, and the son of RemaliahThe words "Aram" and "Ephraim" refer to the kings of these lands. Also, "Ephraim" represents the northern kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Rezin the king of Aram and Pekah the son of Remaliah, king of Israel"
Isa 7:8the head of Damascus is RezinHere "head" is a metonym for the most important part. It is implied that Rezin is only a man, and therefore cannot stop Yahweh's plan. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate Translation: "the king of Damascus is Rezin, who is only a man"
Isa 7:13house of DavidThe word "house" is a metonym for the family living in the house. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 7:2](./02.md). Alternate Translation: "King Ahaz, you and your counselors"
Isa 7:20the headHere "the head" represents the hair that grows on it. Alternate Translation: "the hair on the head"
Isa 8:8The RiverThis refers to the Euphrates River in Assyria. This is a metonym for the Assyrian soldiers, who will come from their homes by the Euphrates River ([Isaiah 8:7](./07.md)).
Isa 8:17who hides his face from the house of JacobYahweh's "face" is a metonym for his blessing or favor. Alternate Translation: "who has taken away his blessing from the house of Jacob" or "who no longer looks with favor on the house of Jacob"
Isa 9:1In an earlier time he humiliated the land of Zebulun and the land of NaphtaliLand refers to the people who live in an area. Alternate Translation: "In the past, the Lord humbled those living in Zebulun and Naphtali"
Isa 9:1but in the later time he will make it glorious, the way to the sea, beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the nationsHere "it" refers to Galilee which represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "but in the future, the Lord will honor the people of Galilee of the nations, which is on the road between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River"
Isa 9:1Galilee of the nationsHere "nations" represents the people from other nations that live in Galilee. Alternate Translation: "Galilee, where many foreigners live"
Isa 9:7rules on the throne of DavidSitting on the "throne of David" is a metonym for having the right to rule; only David's descendants could be king over Israel. Alternate Translation: "has the right to rule as David's descendant"
Isa 9:20They will grab food on the right hand ... on the left handThis expression means that the people will grab food wherever they can find it.
Isa 10:10As my hand has overcomeHand here is a reference to military strength. Alternate Translation: "As my powerful army has defeated" or "As I have conquered"
Isa 10:11just as I did to Samaria and her worthless idolsThe word "Samaria" refers to the people who lived there, and "her" refers to the city of Samaria. Cities and nations were often spoken of as if they were women. Alternate Translation: "just as I did to the people of Samaria and their worthless idols"
Isa 10:13I have removed ... I have stolenHere the word "I" refers to the king of Assyria. He was the leader of the Assyrian army and took credit for what the army did at his command. Alternate Translation: "my army has removed ... They have stolen"
Isa 10:14My hand has seizedThe hand is a metonym for either the king's power or his army. Alternate Translation: "In my power I have seized" or "My army has seized"
Isa 10:29Ramah trembles and Gibeah of Saul has fledHere "Ramah" and "Gibeah of Saul" refer to the people who lived in those cities. Alternate Translation: "The people of Ramah tremble and the people of Gibeah of Saul have fled"
Isa 10:30Gallim ... Laishah ... Anathoth ... Madmenah ... Gebim ... NobThese are names of more cities and villages near Jerusalem that the Assyrian army traveled through causing fear among the people. All of these refer to the people who live in these places.
Isa 10:31Gallim ... Laishah ... Anathoth ... Madmenah ... Gebim ... NobThese are names of more cities and villages near Jerusalem that the Assyrian army traveled through causing fear among the people. All of these refer to the people who live in these places.
Isa 10:32Gallim ... Laishah ... Anathoth ... Madmenah ... Gebim ... NobThese are names of more cities and villages near Jerusalem that the Assyrian army traveled through causing fear among the people. All of these refer to the people who live in these places.
Isa 10:32the mountain of the daughter of Zion, the hill of JerusalemThe words "mount" and "hill" are metonyms for the people who live on them. The words "mount of the daughter of Zion" mean almost the same thing as the words "hill of Jerusalem." See how they are translated in [Isaiah 2:14](../02/14.md). Alternate Translation: "the people of Mount Zion and the people living on the hill in Jerusalem"
Isa 11:2the Spirit of wisdom ... the Spirit of instruction ... the Spirit of knowledge ... the fear of YahwehHere the word "Spirit" refers to an ability or quality that the Spirit of Yahweh would give him. Alternate Translation: "and he will cause him to have wisdom and understanding, instruction and might, knowledge and the fear of Yahweh"
Isa 11:4He will strike the earth with the rod of his mouthThe word "earth" here represents the people on earth. Striking them with the rod of his mouth represents judging them, and that judgement will lead to punishment. Alternate Translation: "He will judge the people of the earth, and they will be punished"
Isa 11:4with the breath of his lips he will slay the wickedThe "breath of his lips" represents him judging them. Alternate Translation: "he will judge wicked people, and they will be killed"
Isa 11:9the earth will be full of knowledge of YahwehThe phrase "knowledge of Yahweh" represents people who know Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "the earth will be full of those who know Yahweh" or "those who know Yahweh will cover the earth"
Isa 11:10the root of JesseThis refers to Jesse's and King David's descendant who would become the king that was told about in [Isaiah 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate Translation: "Jesse's descendant king" or "the king descended from Jesse"
Isa 11:11the Lord will again extend his hand to recover the remnant of his peopleThe hand is a reference to God's power. Alternate Translation: "the Lord will again use his power to bring back the remnant of his people"
Isa 12:4call upon his nameHere "his name" refers to Yahweh. Calling on him represents either praising him or asking him for help. Alternate Translation: "praise him loudly" or "call to him to help you"
Isa 12:4proclaim that his name is exaltedHere "his name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "proclaim that he is exalted" or "proclaim that he is great"
Isa 13:1about BabylonThe name of the city stands for the people of Babylon. Alternate Translation: "about the people of Babylon"
Isa 13:2the gates of the noblesPossible meanings are 1) "the gates of Babylon where the nobles live" or 2) "the gates of the nobles' large houses"
Isa 13:3I have called my mighty men to execute my angerExecuting God's anger represents punishing people because of God's anger. Alternate Translation: "I have called my mighty soldiers to punish the people of Babylon because they have made me angry"
Isa 13:11the worldThis refers to people. Alternate Translation: "the people of the world"
Isa 13:18Their bows will strike downHere "their bows" is a metonym for the soldiers who use the bows. Alternate Translation: "Their soldiers will use bows and arrows to kill"
Isa 14:1Yahweh will have compassion on JacobHere "Jacob" refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will have mercy on the descendants of Jacob"
Isa 14:1attach themselves to the house of JacobThe house of Jacob refers to the descendants of Jacob, the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "unite with the descendants of Jacob"
Isa 14:2the house of IsraelThis refers to the Israelites, the descendants of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Israel"
Isa 14:4the proud fury endedThe "proud fury" refers to the king of Babylon being proud and treating other nations cruelly. Alternate Translation: "his cruelty has ended" or "he can no longer oppress people"
Isa 14:5Yahweh has broken the staff of the wickedThe staff of the wicked probably refers to a stick that wicked people would hit other people with. Breaking that stick represents destroying their power to treat people cruelly. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has destroyed the power of the wicked"
Isa 14:5the scepter of those rulersA scepter represents a ruler's power to rule. Breaking the scepter represents destroying the ruler's power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has destroyed the power of the wicked rulers"
Isa 14:7The whole earthThis refers to everyone on earth. Alternate Translation: "everyone on earth"
Isa 14:16who made the earth tremblePossible meanings are 1) the earth trembled as the king's army marched to conquer people, or 2) this refers to the people of the earth trembling in fear of him.
Isa 14:19those pierced by the swordThis describes "the dead" spoken of at the beginning of this sentence. Being pierced by the sword represents being killed in battle. Alternate Translation: "those who were killed in battle"
Isa 14:21so they will not rise upHere "rise up" represents either becoming powerful or attacking. Alternate Translation: "so they will not become powerful" or "so they will not attack"
Isa 14:31Howl, gate; cry, cityHere "gate" and "city" represent the people at the city gates and in the cities. "Howl, you people at the city gates; cry, you people in the cities"
Isa 15:2Moab laments over Nebo and over MedebaThese place names refer to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "the people of Moab will weep because of what happened to the cities of Nebo and Medeba"
Isa 15:4Heshbon and Elealeh call outThese city names represent the people of these cities. "The people of Heshbon and Elealeh call out"
Isa 15:4they tremble within themselvesPhysical trembling is a symptom of fear and represents fear. Alternate Translation: "they will be completely filled with fear" or "they tremble with fear"
Isa 15:9but I will bring even more upon DimonHere "I" refers to Yahweh. Also, "Dimon" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "but I will cause even more trouble for the people of Dimon"
Isa 16:5A throne will be established in covenant faithfulnessHere "throne" refers to the power to rule as king. The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithful." This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will be faithful to the covenant and he will appoint a king"
Isa 16:5one from David's tent will faithfully sit thereHere "David's tent" represents David's family, including his descendants. Sitting on the throne represents ruling. Alternate Translation: "a descendant of David will rule faithfully"
Isa 16:6We have heard of Moab's pride, his arrogance, his boasting, and his angerThe words "Moab's" and "his" refer to the people of Moab. Alternate Translation: "We have heard that the people of Moab are proud and arrogant, boastful and angry"
Isa 16:7So Moab wails for Moab—they all wailMoab represents the people of Moab. "So all the people of Moab will cry out loud over what has happened to their cities"
Isa 16:9For on your fields of summer fruits and harvest I have ended the shouts of joyThe "shouts of joy" represent people shouting for joy about the harvest of their fruit trees. Alternate Translation: "Because of what I will do, you will no longer shout for joy when you harvest your fields of summer fruit"
Isa 16:10I have put an end to the shouts of the one who treadsHere "the shouts" refers to the joy of the people who tread the grapes to produce the wine. Alternate Translation: "therefore the people who tread the grapes do not shout with joy"
Isa 16:11Moab ... himself ... hisAll of these words refer to the people of Moab.
Isa 16:12Moab ... himself ... hisAll of these words refer to the people of Moab.
Isa 16:13concerning MoabThe word "Moab" refers to the people of Moab.
Isa 17:4the glory of Jacob will become thin, and the fatness of his flesh will become leanHere "Jacob" refers to the kingdom of Israel. Israel would no longer be glorious. Rather it would be weak and poor.
Isa 17:8They will not look to the altarsLooking to the altars represents worshiping idols with the hope that the idols will help them. Alternate Translation: "They will not worship idols at their altars" or "The people of Israel will not go to their altars and ask their idols to help them"
Isa 17:8what their fingers have made ... the Asherah poles or the sun imagesThe second phrase identifies the things that the people made. Speaking of the fingers here emphasizes that the people made them, so these things are not real gods. Alternate Translation: "the Asherah poles or the sun images, which they themselves made"
Isa 18:2a nation tall and smoothThe word "nation" here refers to the people of that nation. Alternate Translation: "a nation whose people are tall and have smooth skin"
Isa 18:2a nation strong and trampling downTrampling down represents conquering other nations. Alternate Translation: "a nation that is strong and conquers other nations"
Isa 18:7a nation strong and trampling downTrampling down represents conquering other nations. Alternate Translation: "a nation that is strong and conquers other nations"
Isa 18:7to the place of the name of Yahweh of hosts, to Mount ZionThe word "name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "to Mount Zion, where Yahweh of hosts dwells"
Isa 19:2city will be against cityThe word "city" represents the people of the city. Alternate Translation: "people of one city will fight against people of another city" or "people from different cities will fight against one another"
Isa 19:2kingdom against kingdomThe word "kingdom" refers to a smaller kingdom within Egypt. It may also be called a province. It represents the people of that kingdom or province. Alternate Translation: "the people of one province will be against the people of another province" or "people from different provinces will fight against one another"
Isa 19:4I will give the Egyptians into the hand of a harsh masterHere "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate Translation: "I will give the Egyptians over to the control of a harsh master"
Isa 19:13made Egypt go astrayThe word "Egypt" represents the people of Egypt. Going astray represents doing what is wrong. Alternate Translation: "made the people of Egypt go astray" or "made the people of Egypt do what is wrong"
Isa 19:14they have led Egypt astrayHere, "they" refers to the leaders described in the previous verses. The word "Egypt" represents the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "the princes have led the people of Egypt astray"
Isa 19:16because of the upraised hand of Yahweh of hosts that he raises over themHere "hand" refers to God's power, and raising the hand against them represents punishing them. Alternate Translation: "because Yahweh of hosts has raised his powerful hand to punish them"
Isa 19:17The land of Judah will become a cause of staggering to EgyptThe "land of Judah" and "Egypt" refer to the people in those places. The Egyptians will stagger because they are afraid. Alternate Translation: "The people of Judah will cause the Egyptians to stagger" or "The people of Judah will cause the Egyptians to be terribly afraid"
Isa 19:18there will be five cities in the land of Egypt that speakThis refers to the people of those cities. Alternate Translation: "the people in five Egyptian cities will speak"
Isa 19:18the language of CanaanThis refers to Hebrew, the language of the people of God living in the land of Canaan. Here Canaan represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "the language of the people of Canaan"
Isa 19:21Yahweh will become known to EgyptHere "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will make the people of Egypt know him"
Isa 19:22Yahweh will afflict EgyptHere, "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will afflict the people of Egypt"
Isa 19:24Israel will be the third with Egypt and AssyriaThe names of the three nations represent the people of those nations. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites will be the third with the Egyptians and Assyrians"
Isa 19:25Blessed be Egypt, my people; Assyria, the work of my hands; and Israel, my inheritanceThe names of the three nations refer to the people of those nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I have blessed you, people of Egypt, because you are my people; and I have blessed you, people of Assyria, because I created you; and I have blessed you, people of Israel, because I securely possess you"
Isa 19:25the work of my handsHere "hands" refers to God's power and action.
Isa 20:1he fought against Ashdod and took itAshdod refers to the army of Ashdod. Alternate Translation: "he fought against the army of Ashdod and defeated it"
Isa 20:4the king of Assyria will lead away the captivesThe king orders his army to do this task. Alternate Translation: "the king of Assyria will have his army lead away the captives"
Isa 20:4to the shame of EgyptEgypt refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "which will bring shame on the people of Egypt"
Isa 20:5because of Cush their hope and of Egypt their gloryHope and glory refer to their trust in the military power of these countries. Alternate Translation: "because they had trusted in the power of the armies of Cush and Egypt"
Isa 21:1about the desert by the seaThis refers to the people who live in Babylon as being a desert, even though God has not made it into a desert yet. This event will certainly happen. Alternate Translation: "about the people who live in a land that soon will be a desert"
Isa 21:2Elam ... MediaHere "Elam" and "Media" represent the soldiers from these places.
Isa 21:2I will stop all her groaningHere "her" represents all the people who are suffering because of the Babylonians. Yahweh will cause them to stop groaning when he sends the armies of Elam and Media to destroy the Babylonians.
Isa 21:5prepare the tableHere "table" represents the food that people will eat at the feast.
Isa 21:13about ArabiaArabia refers to the population of Arabia. Alternate Translation: "about the people of Arabia"
Isa 21:15from the sword, from the drawn sword, from the bent bowHere "sword" and "bow" represents the soldiers who attack the inhabitants of Tema. Alternate Translation: "from their enemies who attack them with swords and bows"
Isa 22:1about the Valley of VisionHere "Valley" refers to those who live in the valley, that is, Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "about those who live in the Valley of Vision" or "about those who live in Jerusalem"
Isa 22:2with the swordHere "sword" represents the soldiers who fight in battle.
Isa 22:4of the daughter of my peopleHere "daughter" represents the people and may imply Isaiah's feeling of love for them. Alternate Translation: "of my people whom I love" or "of my people"
Isa 22:6Elam takes up the quiverThe quiver is a bag to carry arrows and represents the archer's weapons. Alternate Translation: "The soldiers of Elam take their bows and arrows"
Isa 22:6Kir lays the shield bareHere "Kir" represents the soldiers. Alternate Translation: "the soldiers of Kir will take their shields out of their covers"
Isa 22:13let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we will dieHere "eat and drink" represents having a party and over indulging in food and wine. Alternate Translation: "we may as well have fun now by eating and drinking all we want, for we will die soon"
Isa 22:15who is over the houseHere "house" represents those in the king's palace. Alternate Translation: "who is in charge of all those who work in the palace"
Isa 22:18you will be the shame of your master's houseHere "house" represents the people who work in the king's palace. Alternate Translation: "you will cause shame for all those in your master's palace"
Isa 22:20I will place the key of the house of David on his shoulder ... none will openHere "key" represents authority. This speaks of Eliakim having authority that no one can oppose as if he had the key to the palace and no one else could lock or unlock the door. Alternate Translation: "I will put him in charge of those who work in the king's palace, and when he makes a decision no one will be able to oppose him"
Isa 22:21your tunic ... your sashHere the tunic and sash represent authority in the king's palace.
Isa 22:21into his handHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "to him"
Isa 22:21to the house of JudahHere "house" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "to the people of Judah"
Isa 22:22I will place the key of the house of David on his shoulder ... none will openHere "key" represents authority. This speaks of Eliakim having authority that no one can oppose as if he had the key to the palace and no one else could lock or unlock the door. Alternate Translation: "I will put him in charge of those who work in the king's palace, and when he makes a decision no one will be able to oppose him"
Isa 22:23he will become a seat of glory for his father's houseHere "seat of glory" represents a place of honor. Alternate Translation: "Eliakim will bring honor to his family"
Isa 22:23his father's houseHere "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "his father's family" or "his family"
Isa 22:25the weight that was on it will be cut offHere "weight" represents Shebna's power and authority. It is spoken of as if it were an object hanging on the peg that represents Shebna. Yahweh causing Shebna to lose his power and authority is spoken of as if someone were to cut off the object that was hanging on the peg.
Isa 23:1Howl, you ships of TarshishHere "ships" represents the men on the ships. Isaiah speaks to the men on the ships of Tarshish as if they could hear him. Alternate Translation: "Cry out in despair you men on the ships of Tarshish"
Isa 23:3it became the commerce of the nationsCommerce is the activity of buying and selling goods. Here "nations" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "you were where people from other nations came to buy and sell goods"
Isa 23:7the joyful cityHere "city" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the joyful people who live in the city of Tyre"
Isa 23:7her far awayHere "her" refers to the city of Tyre which represents the people of Tyre.
Isa 23:8the giver of crownsHere "crown" refers to the power a person has as a ruler over people. Alternate Translation: "who gives people power to rule over others"
Isa 23:9her pride ... her glory ... her honored onesHere "her" refers to the city of Tyre which represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "their pride ... their glory ... their honored one"
Isa 23:10daughter of TarshishThe "daughter" of a city represents the people of the city. Alternate Translation: "the people of Tarshish" or "the people who live in Tarshish"
Isa 23:11has reached out with his hand over the seaHere "hand" refers to God's power and control. Alternate Translation: "has shown his power over the sea"
Isa 23:12oppressed virgin daughter of SidonHere "virgin daughter" represents the people of Sidon. Alternate Translation: "people of Sidon, because other people will oppress you"
Isa 23:14Howl, you ships of TarshishHere "ships" represents the men on the ships. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 23:1](./01.md).
Isa 23:17Yahweh will help TyreHere "Tyre" represents the people who live in Tyre. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will help the people of Tyre"
Isa 24:3The earth ... the worldBoth of these represent everything that is on the earth.
Isa 24:4The earth ... the worldBoth of these represent everything that is on the earth.
Isa 24:11gladness of the landHere "land" represents the people of the earth.
Isa 24:15Therefore in the east glorify YahwehThe phrase "in the east" represents the people living east of Israel. Isaiah is commanding these people as if they were there with him. But, he is talking to the people in the future after God devastates the earth. Alternate Translation: "Therefore everyone from distant lands in the east will glorify Yahweh"
Isa 24:15in the isles of the sea give gloryIsaiah is commanding the people who live on the islands in the Mediterranean sea as if they were there with him. But, he is talking to the people in the future after God devastates the earth. Alternate Translation: "everyone in the islands will give glory"
Isa 24:15to the name of YahwehHere "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "to Yahweh"
Isa 25:1praise your nameHere "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "praise you"
Isa 25:3a city of ruthless nationsHere "city" and "nations" represent the people who live there.
Isa 25:10For on this mountain the hand of Yahweh will restThe "hand" represents God's power. For Yahweh's hand to rest on "this mountain" means he will protect his people Alternate Translation: "The power of Yahweh will be on this mountain" or "For on Mount Zion Yahweh will protect his people"
Isa 25:10Moab will be trampled down in his placeHere Moab represents the people of Moab. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will trample the people in the land of Moab"
Isa 25:11in spite of the skill of their handsHere "hands" represents the power to do or make something. Alternate Translation: "in spite of the great things they have built" or "in spite of the great things they have done"
Isa 25:12Your high fortress walls he will bring down to the ground, to the dustThis speaks of Yahweh causing armies to bring down the walls as if he himself were going to bring them down. Alternate Translation: "He will send an army to bring your high fortress walls to the ground, to the dust"
Isa 26:2the righteous nation that keeps faithHere "nation" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the righteous and faithful people"
Isa 26:3The mind that is stayed on youHere "mind" represents a person's thoughts. Also "you" refers to Yahweh. The phrase "stayed on you" is an idiom. Alternate Translation: "The person who continually thinks about you"
Isa 26:5he will lay low ... he will levelYahweh causing an army to destroy fortified cities is spoken of as if Yahweh would do it himself.
Isa 26:8your name and your reputation are our desireHere "name" and "reputation" represent Yahweh's character which represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "our only desire is to honor you"
Isa 26:10In the land of uprightnessHere "land" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "In the land where the people do what is right"
Isa 26:10does not see the majesty of YahwehHere "see" represents realizing something. Alternate Translation: "does not realize that Yahweh is great"
Isa 26:11they will see your zeal for the peopleHere "see" represents realizing something. Alternate Translation: "they will realize that you are eager to bless your people"
Isa 26:13but we praise your name aloneHere "name" represents the person of God. Alternate Translation: "but we praise you alone"
Isa 26:18We have not brought salvation to the earth, and the inhabitants of the world have not fallenHere "earth" represents the people who live on the earth. The meaning is unclear, but it seems to mean that the people of Israel have not been able to save themselves or other people by defeating their enemy in battle.
Isa 27:6Jacob ... IsraelHere "Jacob" and "Israel" are metonyms that represent the descendants of Jacob.
Isa 27:7Jacob ... IsraelThese represent the descendants of Jacob.
Isa 27:8sending Jacob and Israel awayThis represents the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "sending the Israelites away"
Isa 27:9iniquity of Jacob ... removal of his sinHere "Jacob" represents the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "iniquity of the Israelites ... removal of their sins"
Isa 27:9he will make all the altar stones as chalk and crushed to pieces, and no Asherah poles or incense altars will remain standingHere "he" refers to Jacob who represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "They will completely destroy all the altars on which they sacrifice to false gods, and they will remove all the Asherah idols and the altars on which they burn incense to false gods"
Isa 28:23to my voiceHere "voice" represents what Isaiah says. Alternate Translation: "to what I say"
Isa 29:1Woe to ArielHere "Ariel" represents the people who live in the city of Ariel. Alternate Translation: "How terrible it will be for the people of Ariel"
Isa 29:2But I will besiegeThe word "I" refers to Yahweh. This represents Yahweh causing an enemy army to besiege Jerusalem.
Isa 29:2she willHere "she" refers to Ariel, which represents the people of Ariel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Ariel will"
Isa 29:3I will encamp against youThe word "I" refers to Yahweh. This represents Yahweh causing an enemy army to surround Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "I will command the army of your enemies to surround you"
Isa 29:7fight against ArielThe name "Ariel" is another name for Jerusalem, and it represents the people who live there. See how you translated "Ariel" in [Isaiah 29:1](./01.md). Alternate Translation: "fight against the people of Ariel"
Isa 29:7her stronghold. They will attack her and her fortifications to press upon herThe word "her" refers to Ariel which represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "their stronghold. They will attack the city of Ariel and its defenses and cause the people to be in great distress"
Isa 29:8Yes, so will be the great number of nations that fights against Mount ZionHere "Mount Zion" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "Yes, this will be what happens to the armies from the nations who fight against the people who live on Mount Zion"
Isa 29:13This people comes close to me with their mouths and honors me with their lipsThe words "mouths" and "lips" represent what people say. Here it also represents saying something but not truly meaning it. Alternate Translation: "The people of Jerusalem pretend to worship me and honor me with what they say"
Isa 29:13but their heart is far from meHere "heart" is a metonym that represents a person's thoughts and emotions. The people not being truly devoted to Yahweh is spoken of as if their hearts were far away from him. Alternate Translation: "but they do not honor me in their thoughts" or "but they are not truly devoted to me"
Isa 29:17Lebanon will be turned into a fieldHere "Lebanon" represents the large cedar forests in Lebanon. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "God will turn the mighty forests of Lebanon into a field"
Isa 29:22Jacob will no longer ... his face ... he sees his childrenHere "Jacob" represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "Jacob's descendants will no longer ... their faces ... they see their children"
Isa 29:23Jacob will no longer ... his face ... he sees his childrenHere "Jacob" represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "Jacob's descendants will no longer ... their faces ... they see their children"
Isa 29:23But when he sees his children, the work of my handsHere "hands" represents Yahweh's power and action. Alternate Translation: "When they see all the children I have given them and all that I have done"
Isa 29:23they will make my name holyHere "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "they will honor me"
Isa 29:23They will make holy the name of the Holy One of JacobHere "name" represents Yahweh. Yahweh refers to himself as "the Holy One of Jacob." Alternate Translation: "They will honor me, the Holy One of Jacob"
Isa 29:24Those who err in spiritHere "spirit" represents a person's inner being. Alternate Translation: "Those who are wrong in what they think" or "Those who are wrong in their attitude"
Isa 30:12trust in oppression and deceit and lean on itPossible meanings are 1) the leaders of Judah are trusting in the Egyptian leaders who rule by oppressing and deceiving others or 2) the leaders of Judah have oppressed and deceived their own people in order to take their money and send it to the Egyptians leaders as payment for protection.
Isa 30:14fire from the hearthThe word "fire" here refers here to ashes. Alternate Translation: "ashes from the fireplace"
Isa 30:20the bread of adversity and the water of afflictionHere "bread" and "water" make up the diet of a very poor person. The whole phrase represents the hard times and poverty of the people.
Isa 30:27the name of Yahweh comesHere "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh comes"
Isa 30:29gladness of heartHere "heart" represents a person's inner being. Alternate Translation: "you will be glad"
Isa 30:30show the motion of his armHere "arm" represents the power of God. It is implied that Yahweh will show his power by destroying his people's enemies. Alternate Translation: "show that he is powerful by destroying your enemies"
Isa 30:31AssyriaHere this represents the soldiers of Assyria.
Isa 31:2evil houseThis refers to evil people who live there. Alternate Translation: "all who do evil things"
Isa 31:3Egypt is a manHere Egypt refers to the soldiers of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "The soldiers of Egypt are men"
Isa 31:3When Yahweh reaches out with his handThe term "hand" is often used in reference to God's power and action. Alternate Translation: "When Yahweh uses his power against them"
Isa 31:5JerusalemThis refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "the people of Jerusalem"
Isa 31:8Assyria will fall by the sword; a sword not wielded by man will consume himSword refers to military might. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "God's sword, and not a man's sword, will destroy the Assyrian army"
Isa 32:9my voiceIsaiah refers to himself by his voice to emphasize what he says. Alternate Translation: "me speak"
Isa 32:14the hillThis refers to the fort built on the top of the hill. Alternate Translation: "the fort on the hill"
Isa 32:15from on highHere heaven is referred to as "on high." Alternate Translation: "from heaven"
Isa 33:2be our armHere Yahweh's arm refers to his strength. This speaks of Yahweh strengthening them as if Yahweh would use his strength to act for them. Alternate Translation: "give us strength"
Isa 33:9Lebanon is ashamed and withers awayHere "Lebanon" represents Lebanon's trees. This speaks of the trees withering and decaying as if they were a person who is ashamed. Alternate Translation: "Lebanon's trees wither and decay"
Isa 33:11your breath is a fire that will consume youHere the Assyrians' plans are referred to as their "breath." This speaks of their plans causing them to die as if their plans would literally burn up their bodies. Alternate Translation: "your plans will cause you to die"
Isa 33:16the heightsThis refers to a high hill or mountainside. Alternate Translation: "the high hill" or "the mountainside"
Isa 33:17the king in his beautyThe king's royal robes are referred to as "his beauty." Alternate Translation: "the king in his beautiful robes"
Isa 34:5on EdomEdom refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "on the people of Edom"
Isa 36:5there is counsel and strength for waryou have the council and the strength to go to war. The phrase "strength for war" refers to having a large enough and strong enough army with weapons. Alternate Translation: "you have enough military council, strong men, and weapons to go to war"
Isa 36:6trusting in EgyptHere "Egypt" refers to the Egyptian army. Alternate Translation: "trusting in the Egyptian army"
Isa 36:10without YahwehHere "Yahweh" refers to Yahweh's orders. Alternate Translation: "without Yahweh's command"
Isa 36:10against this land and destroy it ... Attack this land and destroy itThis means to fight against the people and cause destruction in the place where they live. The land referred to here is Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "against this people and destroy their land ... Attack these people and destroy their land"
Isa 36:15the hand of the kingThe king's "hand" refers to his "control." Alternate Translation: "the control of the king"
Isa 36:17until I come and takeHere the king of Assyria is referring to his army as himself. Alternate Translation: "until my army comes and takes"
Isa 36:18the hand of the kingThe king's control is referred to as his "hand." Alternate Translation: "the control of the king"
Isa 36:20his landThis refers to the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "his people"
Isa 37:4for the remnant that is still hereThis refers to the people who are left in Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "for the few of us that are still here"
Isa 37:9to fight against himThe word "him" represents Sennacherib. Here Sennacherib represents his army. Alternate Translation: "to fight against the army of Sennacherib"
Isa 37:10Jerusalem will not be given into the hand of the king of AssyriaThis can be stated in active form. The word "hand" refers to the king's military power. Alternate Translation: "The king of Assyria and his army will not conquer you in Jerusalem"
Isa 37:20all the kingdomsThis refers to the people in the kingdoms. Alternate Translation: "all the people in the kingdoms"
Isa 37:21sent a messageThis means that he sent a messenger to give a message to the king. Alternate Translation: "sent someone to give a message"
Isa 37:29your arroganceHere the king's "arrogance" refers to his arrogant speech. Alternate Translation: "your arrogant speech"
Isa 37:31the house of JudahHere Judah's "house" refers to his descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Judah"
Isa 37:32The zeal of Yahweh of hosts will do thisThis speaks of Yahweh doing something because of his zeal as if his "zeal" were actually doing the action. Alternate Translation: "Because of his zeal, Yahweh of hosts will do this" or "Yahweh of hosts will do this because of his zeal"
Isa 38:3with my whole heartHere the "heart" refers to the inner-being which represents a person's complete devotion. Alternate Translation: "with all my inner being" or "with my complete devotion"
Isa 38:6the hand of the king of AssyriaHere the king's "hand" refers to his power. Alternate Translation: "the power of the king of Assyria"
Isa 38:18For Sheol does not thank you; death does not praise youHere "Sheol" and "death" refer to "dead people." Alternate Translation: "For those in Sheol do not thank you; dead people do not praise you"
Isa 40:9ZionThis refers to the people who live in Zion. Alternate Translation: "you people of Zion"
Isa 40:10his strong arm rules for himHere the word "arm" represents God's power. Alternate Translation: "he rules with great power"
Isa 41:1you coastlandsThis refers to the people who live on the islands and in the lands bordering or beyond the Mediterranean Sea.
Isa 41:5The isles ... the ends of the earthThese phrases represent the people who live in those places. Alternate Translation: "People who live on the isles ... people who live at the ends of the earth"
Isa 41:10my righteous right handHere "right hand" represents Yahweh's power. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's right hand is righteous in that he will always do the right thing. Alternate Translation: "my righteous power" or 2) Yahweh's right hand is victorious in that he will always succeed in what he does. Alternate Translation: "my victorious power"
Isa 42:4the coastlandsThis refers to the people who live on the islands and in the lands bordering or beyond the Mediterranean Sea. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 41:1](../41/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the people who live on the coastlands"
Isa 42:6I will ... set you as a covenant for the peopleHere the word "covenant" is a metonym for the one who establishes or mediates a covenant. Alternate Translation: "I will ... make you be the mediator of a covenant with the people"
Isa 42:11Let the desert and the cities cry outThis refers to the people who live in the desert and the cities.
Isa 43:7everyone who is called by my nameHere to be called by someone's name represents belonging to that person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "everyone whom I have called by my name" or "everyone who belongs to me"
Isa 43:13no one can rescue anyone from my handHere the word "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "no one can rescue anyone from my power"
Isa 43:28I will hand Jacob over to complete destructionHere to "hand over" represents putting someone under the power of another. The noun "destruction" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the enemy to completely destroy Jacob"
Isa 44:1Jacob my servantThis refers to Jacob's descendants. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob, my servants"
Isa 44:20his deceived heart misleads himThe heart represents the inner person. Alternate Translation: "he misleads himself because he is deceived"
Isa 44:21Jacob, and IsraelThis refers to people descended from Jacob, Israel. Alternate Translation: "you descendants of Israel"
Isa 45:22all the ends of the earthHere this phrase represents the people who live at "the ends of the earth." Alternate Translation: "you who live at the farthest places of the earth" or "all of you who live on the earth"
Isa 47:1without a throneHere "throne" refers to the power to rule. Alternate Translation: "without the power to rule"
Isa 47:6gave them over into your handHere the word "hand" represents Babylon's power or control. Alternate Translation: "I put them under your power"
Isa 47:10you say in your heartHere the word "heart" refers to the inner person. Alternate Translation: "you say to yourself"
Isa 47:14the hand of the flameHere the word "hand" represents strength. Alternate Translation: "the power of the flame"
Isa 48:1house of JacobHere "house" refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob"
Isa 48:9For the sake of my name I will defer my angerHere the word "name" refers to Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "For the sake of my reputation I will delay my anger"
Isa 48:19their name would not have been cut off nor blotted outThe people of Israel being destroyed is spoken of as if their name had been cut off, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree, or blotted out. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I would not have cut off nor blotted out their name"
Isa 48:19their nameHere the word "name" refers to the descendants who would carry on the name of Israel. Alternate Translation: "they"
Isa 48:20his servant JacobThis refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel, his servants"
Isa 49:1you coastlandsThis refers to the people who live on the coastlands. Alternate Translation: "you who live on the coastlands"
Isa 49:2He has made my mouth like a sharp swordHere the word "mouth" represents the words that he speaks. His words are compared to a sharp sword to emphasize that they will be effective. Alternate Translation: "He has made my words as effective as a sharp sword"
Isa 49:8give you as a covenant for the peopleHere the word "covenant" is a metonym for the one who establishes or mediates a covenant. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 42:6](../42/06.md). Alternate Translation: "make you be the mediator of a covenant with the people"
Isa 49:8to rebuild the landHere the word "land" represents the cities in the land that had been destroyed. Alternate Translation: "to rebuild the ruined places in the land"
Isa 50:2Was my hand too shortHere the word "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Yahweh not being strong enough is spoken of as if his hand were short. Alternate Translation: "Was I not strong enough"
Isa 50:4The Lord Yahweh has given me a tongue as one of those who are taughtThe word "tongue" represents what he says. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh has enabled him to speak as one who has learned to speak skillfully. Alternate Translation: "The Lord Yahweh has enabled me to be a skillful speaker" or 2) Yahweh has taught him what to say. Alternate Translation: "The Lord Yahweh has enabled me to speak what he has taught me"
Isa 50:10obeys the voice of his servantHere the word "voice" represents what the servant says. Alternate Translation: "obeys his servant"
Isa 51:2Abraham, your fatherGod speaks of their ancestor as if he were their father. Alternate Translation: "Abraham, your forefather" or "Abraham, your ancestor"
Isa 51:2Sarah, who bore youGod speaks of Abraham's wife as if she were their mother and had given birth to them. Alternate Translation: "Abraham's wife, Sarah, of whom you are all descendants"
Isa 51:2made him manyGod speaks of Abraham's descendants being many as if Abraham were many. Alternate Translation: "made his descendants many" or "made him have many descendants"
Isa 51:3Yahweh will comfort ZionThe city of Zion, which is also called Jerusalem, here represents the people of Zion. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will comfort the people of Zion"
Isa 51:3he will comfort all her waste placesHere "waste places" represents the people who live in those desolate areas. Alternate Translation: "he will comfort the people who live in all her waste places"
Isa 51:5my arm will judge the nationsHere God's arm represents his power, and judging represents ruling. Alternate Translation: "I will rule the nations with my power"
Isa 51:5the coastlandsThis refers to the people who live on the coasts of distant lands across the sea. Alternate Translation: "the people who live on the coastlands" or "the people who live in the lands across the sea"
Isa 51:5for my arm they will eagerly waitHere God's arm represents what he will do. Here it refers to him saving people. Alternate Translation: "they will eagerly wait for me to do something" or "they will eagerly wait for me to save them"
Isa 51:6my salvation will continue foreverGod's "salvation" here represents the result of his salvation, which is freedom. Alternate Translation: "I will save you, you will be free forever"
Isa 51:6my righteousness will never stop workingGod's "righteousness" here represents him ruling righteously. Alternate Translation: "my righteous rule will never end" or "I will rule righteously forever"
Isa 51:8my righteousness will be foreverGod's "righteousness" here represents him ruling righteously. Alternate Translation: "my righteous rule will be forever" or "I will rule righteously forever"
Isa 51:8and my salvation to all generationsGod's "salvation" here represents the result of his salvation, which is freedom. Being "to all generations" represents lasting forever. Alternate Translation: "I will save you, and you will be free forever"
Isa 51:14The one who is bent downThis refers to the people of Israel who are slaves of the Babylonians. This phrase describes how they work. Alternate Translation: "The slave"
Isa 51:14the pitThis refers to Sheol. Alternate Translation: "the pit of Sheol" or "the grave"
Isa 51:16I have covered you in the shadow of my handYahweh's "hand" refers to his power. This speaks of Yahweh protecting Isaiah as if his hand were covering him to protect him. Alternate Translation: "my power has kept you safe" or "I have protected you and kept you safe"
Isa 51:17Awake, awake, stand up, JerusalemHere "Jerusalem" represents the people who live there. Yahweh speaks to the people of Jerusalem as if they were there listening to him. Alternate Translation: "Awake, awake, stand up, you people of Jerusalem"
Isa 51:19the famine and the swordThe words "famine" and "sword" describe the trouble that will come upon the people. The "sword" refers to "war." Alternate Translation: "many of you have died from hunger and war"
Isa 51:22the cup of staggeringThe word "cup" refers to what is in the cup. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 51:17](./17.md). Alternate Translation: "the cup of the wine that makes people stagger"
Isa 52:1Zion ... JerusalemBoth of these refer to the people who live in Jerusalem. Isaiah is speaking to the people as if they were there listening to him. Alternate Translation: "people of Zion ... people of Jerusalem"
Isa 52:1enter youHere "you" refers to Jerusalem which represents the people who live there. It is understood that the uncircumcised and unclean people would enter the city to attack the people. Alternate Translation: "enter your city to attack you"
Isa 52:2Shake yourself off from the dust; arise and sit, JerusalemHere "Jerusalem" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "People of Jerusalem, sit up and shake the dirt off of yourself"
Isa 52:2take off the chain from your neck, captiveIt is implied that the people of Jerusalem were wearing chains because they were slaves while exiled in Babylon. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear.
Isa 52:4Assyria has oppressed themAssyria refers to the people of Assyria. Alternate Translation: "the people of Assyria have treated them badly"
Isa 52:5my name is blasphemed continually all day longHere "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "those who watch the enemy take away my people are continually saying evil things about me"
Isa 52:6Therefore my people will know my nameHere "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "Therefore my people will truly know who I am"
Isa 52:7to ZionHere "Zion" represents the people of Zion. Alternate Translation: "to the people of Zion"
Isa 52:9he has redeemed JerusalemHere "Jerusalem" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "he has redeemed the people of Jerusalem"
Isa 52:10bared his holy armHere "arm" represents Yahweh's power. Yahweh showing all the people of the nations that he is holy and powerful is spoken of as if Yahweh were a warrior who removed his cloak, baring his arms for battle. Alternate Translation: "showed his holiness and mighty power"
Isa 52:10all the nations; all the earthHere "nations" and "earth" represent the people of all the nations all over the earth.
Isa 52:15many nationsHere "nations" represents the people of the nations.
Isa 53:1to whom has the arm of Yahweh been revealed?Arm refers to God's power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has revealed his power to people."
Isa 53:3from whom men hide their facesFace represents a person's attention or fellowship. Hiding one's face means to turn away from someone. Alternate Translation: "from whom people turn away"
Isa 53:7he did not open his mouthMouth represents what a person says. Opening one's mouth means to speak. Alternate Translation: "he did not protest"
Isa 53:9nor had there been any deceit in his mouthMouth represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "nor did he deceive anyone when he spoke"
Isa 53:11After the suffering of his lifeHere "his life" refers to the servant. Alternate Translation: "After the servant has suffered"
Isa 53:12because he exposed himself to deathExposed means to be vulnerable or unprotected. The servant of Yahweh put himself in a situation where he would die. Alternate Translation: "he willingly accepted the possibility of death"
Isa 54:3will conquer nationsHere "nations" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "will conquer the people of other nations"
Isa 54:6grieved in spiritHere "spirit" represents a person's inner being. Alternate Translation: "grieved" or "made sad"
Isa 54:17No weapon that is formed against you will succeedEnemies not succeeding against Yahweh's people is spoken of as if their weapons would not succeed against Yahweh's people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Enemies may form weapons to attack you but they will not defeat you"
Isa 55:13for his nameHere the word "name" represents Yahweh's fame. Alternate Translation: "for his fame" or "for his honor"
Isa 56:6who love the name of YahwehYahweh's "name" represents himself. Alternate Translation: "who love Yahweh"
Isa 57:15spirit ... heartHere these refer to a person's thoughts and emotions, not the spirit and heart literally.
Isa 57:17he went backward in the way of his heartThis means the Israelites kept rejecting the true God for false ones. Here "backward" and "way" are location words representing motivations and feelings.
Isa 57:19I create the fruit of the lipsHere "fruit of the lips" refers to what a person says. Alternate Translation: "I cause them to praise and thank me"
Isa 58:4fist of wickednesswicked fist. This shows that they fight viciously. "Fist" represents anger that is physically violent.
Isa 58:6To release wicked bonds, to undo the ropes of the yoke, to set the crushed ones free, and to break every yokeAll of these phrases mean they should help those people whom the wicked are hurting and oppressing.
Isa 59:1Yahweh's hand is not so shortHand represents power and ability. A "short" hand does not have power and ability. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh is fully able"
Isa 59:3For your hands are stained with blood and your fingers with sinHere "hands" and "fingers" refers to their actions. This means they are guilty of doing violent and sinful things. "Your" is plural. Alternate Translation: "For you have committed violent sins"
Isa 59:3Your lips speak lies and your tongue speaks maliciouslyThe parts of the body that make speech represent what people say. Alternate Translation: "You speak lies and malicious things"
Isa 59:6deeds of violence are in their handsHands represents the ability and power to do these things and therefore their responsibility. Alternate Translation: "they are fully responsible for the violence they do"
Isa 59:16Therefore his own arm brought salvation for himYahweh's "arm" represents his ability and power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh used his own power to save the people"
Isa 59:19fear the name of YahwehHere "name" refers to Yahweh's reputation and character. Alternate Translation: "fear Yahweh"
Isa 60:9The coastlandsThis refers to the people who live on the coastlands and describes the area of coastlands as if it was people looking out. Alternate Translation: "The people from the coastlands"
Isa 60:13the place of my feetThis refers to Yahweh's temple.
Isa 60:18but you will call your walls Salvation, and your gates PraiseThe physical objects have the names of spiritual qualities. The city of Jerusalem will be a safe place, and the people there will praise Yahweh.
Isa 61:2the year of Yahweh's favor, the day of vengeanceBoth of these phrases refer to the same span of time. "Year" and "day" are both specific examples that represent the greater whole.
Isa 61:3oil of joy ... a mantle of praisePeople put oil on themselves and dressed in beautiful, long robes during times of celebration and joy.
Isa 62:8by his right hand and by the arm of his strengthThe right hand and arm represent power and authority. Alternate Translation: "by his power and authority"
Isa 62:10Build it, build the highwayThe word "build" is repeated to emphasize that Yahweh urgently wants the road prepared. The "highway" represents the way the people can return. This is similar to [Isaiah 40:3](../40/03.md) and [Isaiah 57:14](../57/14.md).
Isa 62:10Raise up a signal flag for the nationsA signal flag represents something to draw the attention of others. This means Yahweh is calling the people of the other nations to take notice of the land of Israel and to see what Yahweh has accomplished as he said he would.
Isa 63:4the year for my redemptionHere "year" refers to a specific time appointed by Yahweh for restoring Israel. Alternate Translation: "the time for my redemption"
Isa 63:5but my own armHere "arm" represents power.
Isa 63:12who made his glorious power go with the right hand of MosesHere "right hand" represents the power of Yahweh through Moses. This means it was God's power that enabled Moses to divide the water of the Reed Sea.
Isa 63:14to make yourself a name of praiseHere "name of praise" refers to honor and one's reputation. Alternate Translation: "to make sure you have an honored reputation for yourself"
Isa 66:6A sound of battle tumultThe sound represents the real fighting that is going on in the temple as Yahweh is carrying out the punishment.
Isa 66:24the worms that eat themThe worms represent the horror of decay and rot that are Yahweh's punishment on the wicked.
Isa 66:24the fire that consumesFire also represents Yahweh's judgment.
Isa 66:24all fleshThis expression represents all created living beings that shrink from the dead.
Jer 1:13whose surface is churningThe surface refers to the surface of the water in the pot. Jeremiah could see the water boiling. Alternate Translation: "whose water is boiling"
Jer 1:15against all the walls that surround itSetting their thrones "against all the walls that surround it" represents commanding their armies to destroy the walls surrounding Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "and they will command their armies to destroy the walls surrounding Judah"
Jer 1:15against all the cities of JudahSetting their thrones "against all the cities of Judah" represents commanding their armies to destroy all the cities of Judah.
Jer 1:18the whole landThis represents all the people of the land.
Jer 2:4house of JacobThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob"
Jer 2:4the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants, who had become the nation of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Jer 2:11their gloryThis expression refers to God himself, who is glorious. Alternate Translation: "their glorious God" or "me, your glorious God"
Jer 2:11for what cannot helpHere false gods are spoken of in terms of what they cannot do. Alternate Translation: "for false gods, which cannot help" or "for gods who cannot help"
Jer 2:14Was he born in his master's homeHere "born in his master's home" is metonym for being born into slavery. Alternate Translation: "Was he born a slave"
Jer 2:15made his land a horrorThis represents destroying the land in such a way that people will feel horror when they see it. Alternate Translation: "destroyed Israel's land"
Jer 2:26the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 2:4](./04.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Jer 2:27These are the ones who say to the tree, 'You are my father,' and to the stone, 'You gave birth to me.'Here "tree" and "stone" represent idols carved from wood and stone. These words emphasize that the idol was made of ordinary things and is not worthy of worship. Alternate Translation: "These people are the ones who say to a carved piece of wood, 'You are my father,' and to a carved stone, 'You gave birth to me.'"
Jer 2:35I will bring down judgment on youHere "judgment" represents punishment. Alternate Translation: "I will punish you"
Jer 3:2Lift up your eyesHere "your eyes" represents looking at something. Alternate Translation: "Look up"
Jer 3:3you have the forehead of a prostituteThe arrogance showing on a person's face is spoken of as if the face itself were arrogant. Alternate Translation: "But the expression on your face shows that you arrogant, like the face of a prostitute"
Jer 3:9she committed adultery with stones and treesHere "stones" and "trees" represent the stone and wood material that was used to create idols. The people's idol worship is spoken of as if they were committing adultery.
Jer 3:12Go and proclaim these words to the northHere the north represents the people of Israel who had been taken north to Assyria. Alternate Translation: "Go and proclaim these words to the people of Israel"
Jer 3:15shepherds after my heartHere "heart" represents Yahweh's desire or will. The phrase "after my heart" is an idiom that describes people who do God's will. Alternate Translation: "shepherds who do my will" or "shepherds who do what I want"
Jer 3:16This matter will no longer come up in their heartsHere "come up in their hearts" represents thinking about it. Alternate Translation: "They will no longer think of this matter"
Jer 3:17This is Yahweh's throneHere "Yahweh's throne" represents the place from where Yahweh rules. Alternate Translation: "This is from where Yahweh rules"
Jer 3:18the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Judah"
Jer 3:18the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of Israel"
Jer 3:20house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](./18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "kingdom of Israel" or "people of Israel"
Jer 3:23Surely lies come from the hillsHere "the hills" represent the people's worship of false gods on the hills. The people now realize that those false gods could not guide and help them. Alternate Translation: "The false gods that we worshiped on the hills could not guide us"
Jer 3:25have not listened to the voice of Yahweh our GodHere "listened" represents obeying, and "the voice of Yahweh" represents what Yahweh has said. Alternate Translation: "have not obeyed what Yahweh our God has said"
Jer 4:1then it should be to me that you returnPossible meanings are that 1) this is a command that emphasizes who they should return to. Alternate Translation: "then come back to me" or "then worship me" 1) this is a repetition of the first phrase, which expresses a condition. Alternate Translation: "if you will come back to me" or "if you will start worshiping me again"
Jer 4:1If you remove your detestable things from before meHere "detestable things" refers to idols, which God hates. Alternate Translation: "If you remove your disgusting idols from my presence"
Jer 4:2the nations will bless themselves in himHere "the nations" is a metonym for people of other nations. The word "him" refers to Yahweh. Since Yahweh is speaking, it can also be translated as "me." Alternate Translation: "people of other nations will bless themselves in me"
Jer 4:2the nations will bless themselves in himHere "bless themselves in him" is a metonym for asking Yahweh to bless them. Alternate Translation: "the people of the nations will ask Yahweh to bless them"
Jer 4:6from the northThis represents an enemy army that would come from the north.
Jer 4:7to bring horror to your landThis represents destroying the land, which would cause people who see it to be horrified. Alternate Translation: "to destroy your land"
Jer 4:9the hearts of the king and his officials will dieHere "hearts" represent courage. Also "the hearts ... will die" represents losing courage and being afraid. Alternate Translation: "the king and his officials will stop being courageous" or "the king and his officials will be terrified"
Jer 4:19My heart! My heart!Here "heart" represents painful emotions, such as grief and fear. The phrase is repeated to express the intensity of the pain.
Jer 4:29Every cityHere "city" represents the people living in the city. Alternate Translation: "The people of every city"
Jer 4:30you dress in scarletHere "scarlet" represents expensive, red clothing. Alternate Translation: "you wear expensive red clothing"
Jer 4:30they are trying to take away your lifeHere "trying to take your life away" represents trying to kill the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "They are trying to kill you"
Jer 5:3They make their faces harder than rockHard faces represents the expression on their faces that shows that they are stubborn. The simile "harder than rock" shows that the people are extremely stubborn. Alternate Translation: "They are extremely stubborn"
Jer 5:11For the houses of Israel and JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for a person's descendants. In this case it refers to the people of the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. Alternate Translation: "For the people of Israel and Judah"
Jer 5:13The prophets will become windHere "prophets" is a metonym that represents what the prophets say, and "wind" is a metaphor for something that does not do anything. Alternate Translation: "The prophets words are just noisy wind" or "The prophets make noise like the wind, but what they prophesy will not happen"
Jer 5:16Its quiver ... They are all soldiersHere "Its quiver" represents the enemy nation's army, and the arrows in the quiver represent the soldiers in the army.
Jer 5:20the house of JacobThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. Translate "house of Jacob" as in [Jeremiah 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob"
Jer 5:21you cannot seeHere "cannot see" is a metonym for not understanding. Alternate Translation: "you do not understand"
Jer 5:21you cannot hearHere "cannot hear" represents not understanding. "AT: "you do not understand"
Jer 6:1wickedness is appearing from the northHere "wickedness" represents disaster and the people who will cause it. Alternate Translation: "enemies will come from the north and cause disaster to happen to you" or "enemies coming from the north will destroy you"
Jer 6:3each man will shepherdGod speaks of kings leading their armies to destroy the land, as if they were shepherds leading their sheep to eat grass. Alternate Translation: "like a shepherd each king will lead his army" or "each king will lead his army"
Jer 6:4the daylight is fading awayThe end of the day is spoken of in terms of its light becoming dark. Alternate Translation: "the day is ending" or "it is beginning to get dark"
Jer 6:8Accept discipline, Jerusalem ... make you into a ruin, an uninhabited landHere God speaks to the people of Jerusalem as if he were speaking to the city itself. Alternate Translation: "Accept discipline, you people of Jerusalem ... make your land into a ruin, an uninhabited land"
Jer 6:8Accept disciplineAccept discipline here is a metaphor for learning from discipline. Alternate Translation: "Learn from your discipline" or "When I punish you, learn to do what is right"
Jer 6:19Hear, earthThe word "earth" represents the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "Hear, people that live on the earth"
Jer 6:25for the swords of the enemy and terror are all aroundThe phrase "swords of the enemy" represents the enemy with their swords ready to attack. The abstract noun "terror" refers to things that cause people to be frightened and can be translated with an adjective. Alternate Translation: "For the enemy is everywhere with their swords and everyone else is terrified"
Jer 7:6pour out innocent bloodHere pouring out innocent blood represents killing those not deserving death. Alternate Translation: "kill innocent people"
Jer 7:6walk after other godsHere walking after is a metonym for following after with the intent to serve and obey. Alternate Translation: "serve other gods"
Jer 7:9walk after other godsHere walking after is a metonym for following after with the intent to serve and obey. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:6](./06.md). Alternate Translation: "serve other gods"
Jer 7:10house that is called by my nameThis is a metonym for Yahweh's temple. It can be expressed in active form. Alternate Translation: "house that belongs to me" or "temple where you worship me"
Jer 7:14this house that is called by my nameThis is a metonym for Yahweh's temple. It can be expressed in active form. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:10](./10.md). Alternate Translation: "this house that belongs to me" or "this temple where you worship me"
Jer 7:23Listen to my voiceHere listening to Yahweh's voice means to both hear his words and obey what he says. Alternate Translation: "Hear and obey what I say"
Jer 7:28the voice of Yahweh its GodHere "the voice of Yahweh" represents what Yahweh has said. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:25](../03/25.md). Alternate Translation: "what Yahweh its God has said"
Jer 7:30sons of JudahThis refers to the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "people of Judah"
Jer 7:30their detestable thingsHere "detestable things" refers to idols, which God hates. Alternate Translation: "their disgusting idols"
Jer 7:30house that is called by my nameThis is a metonym for Yahweh's temple. It can be expressed in active form. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:10](./10.md). Alternate Translation: "house that belongs to me" or "temple where they worship me"
Jer 7:31nor did it enter my mindHere the word "mind" refers to Yahweh's thoughts. Alternate Translation: "nor did I ever think about it"
Jer 7:34the sound of the groom and the sound of the brideThis is a metonym for what happens at marriage ceremonies. Alternate Translation: "and people celebrating marriage"
Jer 8:8The deceitful pen of the scribesThe pen represents the words that the scribes write. Alternate Translation: "The false things that the scribes write"
Jer 9:8With their mouths they proclaim peace with their neighborsHere people's speech is represented by their "mouths." Alternate Translation: "They speak, saying that they want peace with their neighbors"
Jer 9:13they do not listen to my voiceHere Yahweh's "voice" represents what he says. Alternate Translation: "they do not pay attention to the things I tell them"
Jer 9:14they have walked by their stubborn heartsHere the people's "stubborn hearts" represent their stubborn desires and stubborn will. Also, here "walked" represents living. Alternate Translation: "they have been stubborn and lived the way they want to live"
Jer 9:16I will send out a sword after themHere the word "sword" refers to an enemy army. Alternate Translation: "I will send an army of soldiers to fight against them"
Jer 9:16I have completely destroyed themThis is a metonym for Yahweh causing the people's enemies to destroy them. Alternate Translation: "I have caused their enemies to completely destroy them"
Jer 9:17Send out for women skilled at lamentingThe phrase "send out for" is an idiom. Alternate Translation: "Send people out to get women who are skilled at mourning"
Jer 9:26For all these nations are uncircumcisedThe word "nations" refers to the people who live in these places. Foreigners being uncircumcised was a sign that they were not in Yahweh's covenant. Alternate Translation: "For the people of these nations did not enter into a covenant with Yahweh through circumcision"
Jer 9:26all the house of Israel has an uncircumcised heartThe "heart" represents a person's will and desires. An "uncircumcised heart" represents the character of a person that does not follow Yahweh and his laws. Also, the "house" of Israel refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Israel are only circumcised on the outside and have not changed their hearts"
Jer 10:1house of IsraelHere the "house" of Israel represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "people of Israel"
Jer 10:6your name is great in powerHere Yahweh's "name" refers to himself and his reputation. Alternate Translation: "you are very powerful"
Jer 10:13His voice makes the roar of waters in the heavensHere Yahweh is represented by his "voice" to emphasize his speech. The phrase "the roar of waters" refers to loud storms. Alternate Translation: "His voice causes the storms in the sky"
Jer 10:16the portion of JacobHere "Jacob" represents the people of Israel. God being their "portion" is an idiom that means that they worship him. Alternate Translation: "the portion of Israel" or "whom the people of Israel worship"
Jer 11:4Listen to my voiceThe word "voice" here is a metonym for what the speaker says with the voice, and "listen" is a metonym for "obey." Alternate Translation: "Obey what I say"
Jer 11:7Listen to my voiceThe word "voice" here is a metonym for what the speaker says with the voice, and "listen" is a metonym for "obey." Alternate Translation: "Obey what I say"
Jer 11:10The house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "The kingdom of Israel"
Jer 11:10the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah"
Jer 11:12The cities of Judah and the inhabitants of JerusalemHere the "cities of Judah" represents the people who live in them. Alternate Translation: "The people who live in the cities of Judah and in Jerusalem"
Jer 11:17the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel"
Jer 11:17the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah"
Jer 11:20the heart and the mindThe heart is a metonym for what a person feels and desires and "the mind" is a metonym for what a person thinks and decides. Alternate Translation: "a person's feelings and thoughts"
Jer 11:22will die by the swordHere the "sword" represents battle. Alternate Translation: "will die in battle"
Jer 12:2You are near to them in their mouths, but far away from their heartsHere "mouths" represents what a person says. And, "hearts" represents what a person thinks or feels. Also, being loyal is spoken of as if it were being near a person, and being disloyal is spoken of as if it were being far away from a person. Alternate Translation: "They always say good things about you, but they do not love or respect you"
Jer 12:3my heartHere the "heart" represents a person's thoughts and true feelings. Alternate Translation: "my thoughts" or "my inner feelings"
Jer 12:7into the hands of her enemiesHere the word "hands" represents control. Alternate Translation: "to be conquered by her enemies" or "over to the control of her enemies"
Jer 12:10Many shepherds have destroyedHere the word "shepherds" refers to their sheep. Alternate Translation: "Many shepherds have allowed their sheep to destroy"
Jer 12:14the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah"
Jer 13:9of Judah and JerusalemHere Judah and Jerusalem refer to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "of the people of Judah and Jerusalem"
Jer 13:11the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of Israel"
Jer 13:11the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Judah"
Jer 13:13the kings who sit on David's throneHere the throne that the king of Judah sits on is represented as "David's throne." Alternate Translation: "the kings who sit on Judah's throne" or "the kings of the nation of Judah"
Jer 13:19All Judah will be taken captive, completely taken captiveHere "Judah" represents the people who live there. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The enemies will take all of the people of Judah captive into exile"
Jer 14:2Let Judah mournHere "Judah" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "Let the people of Judah mourn"
Jer 14:7for the sake of your nameHere Yahweh's "name" refers to his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for the sake of your reputation" or "in order that everyone can see that you are very great and keep your promises"
Jer 14:12by swordHere war is represented by the "sword" which was the common weapon used in battle. Alternate Translation: "by war" or "by battle"
Jer 14:13You will not see the swordHere "sword" represents war, and to "see" represents experiencing. Alternate Translation: "You will not experience any war"
Jer 14:14in my nameThis phrase refers to speaking with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative.
Jer 14:15in my nameThis phrase refers to speaking with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 14:14](./14.md).
Jer 14:15there will be no sword ... and swordHere the "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "there will be no war ... and war"
Jer 14:16there will be no sword ... and swordHere the "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "there will be no war ... and war"
Jer 14:18there are the diseases that are caused by famineHere the "diseases" represent the people who have these diseases because of their starvation. Alternate Translation: "there are the ones who are sick because of famine"
Jer 14:21For the sake of your nameHere Yahweh's "name" refers to his reputation. Alternate Translation: "For the sake of your reputation" or "In order that everyone can see that you are very great and keep your promises"
Jer 14:21your glorious throneYahweh's "throne" is represented by Zion, that is Jerusalem. His "throne" also represents the place where he rules as king. Alternate Translation: "do disgrace Zion where you glorious throne is" or "do not disgrace Zion, where you rule as king"
Jer 15:2those who are for the sword should go to the swordHere the "sword" represents war. To be "for the sword" means that God has appointed them to die in war. Alternate Translation: "those whom I have appointed to die in war should go to die in war"
Jer 15:3the swordHere the "sword" refers to the enemy soldiers. Alternate Translation: "the enemy soldiers"
Jer 15:5for you, JerusalemHere "Jerusalem" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "for you people who live in Jerusalem"
Jer 15:6I will strike you with my handHere "hand" represents power. Alternate Translation: "I will use my power to strike you"
Jer 15:9I will give those who remain to the sword in the presence of their enemiesHere the "sword" represents the enemy soldiers. This means that Yahweh will allow the enemy solider to kill any of her children that remain. Alternate Translation: "I will allow the enemy soldiers to kill those of her children that remain alive"
Jer 15:16the delight of my heartHere the "heart" represents a person emotions and feelings. Alternate Translation: "what I love most"
Jer 15:21the hand of the wicked ... the hand of the tyrantHere the word "hand" represents control. Alternate Translation: "the control of the wicked ... the control of the tyrant"
Jer 16:7none must give a comforting cupHere the word "cup" represents the drink that the cup holds. Alternate Translation: "none must give a comforting drink"
Jer 16:19The nations will go to youHere the word "nations" represents the people from the nations. Alternate Translation: "The people from the nations will go to you" or "The people of the nations will come to you"
Jer 16:19our ancestors inherited deceitHere the word "deceit" refers to false gods. Alternate Translation: "our ancestors inherited nothing but false gods"
Jer 16:21my hand and my powerHere the word "hand" refers to power and authority. The two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize Yahweh's great power. Alternate Translation: "my great power"
Jer 16:21they will know that Yahweh is my nameHere the word "name" refers to Yahweh's entire person. Alternate Translation: "they will know that I am Yahweh, the true God"
Jer 17:5he makes flesh his strengthHere the word "flesh" represents humans. Alternate Translation: "he depends on mere humans for strength"
Jer 17:5turns his heart away from YahwehHere the word "heart" refers to the thoughts and emotions. Alternate Translation: "turns his devotion away from Yahweh"
Jer 17:9The heart is more deceitfulHere the word "heart" refers to the minds and thoughts of people. Alternate Translation: "The human mind is more deceitful"
Jer 17:10who tests the heartsHere the word "hearts" represents the emotions. Alternate Translation: "who tests the emotions"
Jer 17:25those who sit on David's throneHere the throne that the king of Judah sits on is represented as "David's throne." See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 13:13](../13/13.md). Alternate Translation: "those who sit on Judah's throne" or "the kings of the nation of Judah"
Jer 18:4that seemed good in his eyes to doHere the word "eyes" represents sight and sight represents one's opinion. Alternate Translation: "as he thought best to do"
Jer 18:6house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "kingdom of Israel" or "people of Israel"
Jer 18:10if it does evil in my eyesHere the word "it" refers to a nation or kingdom, which is a metonym for the people in that nation or kingdom. The word "eyes" represents seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate Translation: "if the people of that nation do things that I consider to be evil"
Jer 18:10not listening to my voiceHere the word "voice" represents the words that Yahweh speaks. Here, "not listening" is an idiom that means that they do not obey. Alternate Translation: "not obeying what I say"
Jer 18:12what his evil, stubborn heart desiresHere the word "heart" represents the person's mind or will. Alternate Translation: "what his evil, stubborn mind desires" or "whatever evil things that we stubbornly want to do"
Jer 18:20to cause your fury to turn away from themHere the word "fury" represents the punishment that Yahweh intended to inflict upon them. Jeremiah speaks of Yahweh not punishing them as if he were turning his fury away from them. Alternate Translation: "so that you would not punish them in your anger"
Jer 18:21give them to the hands of those who use the swordHere the word "hands" represents power. Alternate Translation: "cause those who use the sword to have power over them" or "cause them to die in battle"
Jer 19:4filled this place with innocent bloodHere "innocent blood" represents the murder of innocent people. Yahweh speaks of murdering many people as filling a place with blood. Alternate Translation: "murdered many innocent people in this place"
Jer 19:5nor did it enter my mindHere the word "mind" refers to Yahweh's thoughts. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:31](../07/31.md). Alternate Translation: "nor did I ever think about it"
Jer 20:2Pashhur beat JeremiahPossible meanings are 1) that Pashhur himself beat Jeremiah or 2) that Pashhur ordered other men to beat Jeremiah.
Jer 20:4I will give all of Judah into the hand of the king of BabylonHere the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "I will enable the king of Babylon to conquer all of Judah"
Jer 20:5I will place these things in the hand of your enemiesPlacing things in people's hands represents giving thing to the people or allowing the people to take the things. Alternate Translation: "I will give these things to your enemies" or "I will allow your enemies to take possession of these things"
Jer 20:8Yahweh's word has become for me reproach and mocking every dayHere "word" refers to the message of Yahweh. The words "reproach" and "mocking" can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate Translation: "people reproach and mock me every day because I proclaim Yahweh's message"
Jer 20:9I will not speak any longer in his namePossible meanings are 1) "I will never mention Yahweh or say anything about him" or 2) the word "name" represents authority. Alternate Translation: "I will no longer speak as his messenger"
Jer 20:12see the mind and the heartThe word "mind" is a metonym for what a person thinks and decides, and the word "heart" is a metonym for what a person feels and desires. Alternate Translation: "know every person's thoughts and feelings"
Jer 20:13those who are oppressed from the hand of evildoersHere the word "hand" represents power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "those whom evildoers oppress with their power"
Jer 21:4the instruments of war that are in your handPossible meanings are 1) the instruments of war refers to the soldiers who carry them and "hand" represents control. Alternate Translation: "the soldiers that you command" or 2) the instruments of war are literal weapons and "your hand" represent both the king and his soldiers. Alternate Translation: "the weapons that you and your soldiers carry"
Jer 21:7the swordHere this refers to the battle in which swords are used. Alternate Translation: "the war"
Jer 21:7into the handHere "hand" refers to the power of their enemies over them. Alternate Translation: "into the power"
Jer 21:7with the edge of the swordPossible meanings are 1) this is a metonym for death in battle. Alternate Translation: "in battle" or 2) they will be killed by literal swords.
Jer 21:9by the sword, famine, and plagueDeath by the sword refers to death in battle. Alternate Translation: "in battle and by famine and plague"
Jer 21:10into the hand of the kingHere "hand" represents the power of the king to destroy the city. Alternate Translation: "into the power of the king"
Jer 21:11the house of the king of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to king and his family. Alternate Translation: "the king of Judah and his family"
Jer 21:12House of DavidThis refers to the same people as "the house of the king of Judah." All of the kings of Judah were descendants of David. Alternate Translation: "Descendants of David"
Jer 21:12the hand of the oppressorHere "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "the power of the one who oppresses them"
Jer 22:3the hand of the oppressorHere "the hand" refers to power or control. Alternate Translation: "the power of the oppressor" or "the one who would harm him"
Jer 22:4kings sitting on David's throneThe metonym "throne" refers to kingly authority like David had. Alternate Translation: "kings, ruling like David before them"
Jer 22:4riding in a chariot and on horsesThis phrase is a metonym that describes the kings as powerful and wealthy.
Jer 22:6the house of the king of JudahPossible meanings are 1) this refers to the royal palace where the king lived or 2) "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, who were the royal line of the kings of Judah. Alternate Translation: "the royal dynasty of Judah"
Jer 22:13his houseThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to King Jehoiakim and his family.
Jer 22:17there is nothing in your eyes and heart except worry ... crushing of othersHere "eyes" is a metonym for seeing and "heart" is a metonym for thinking. Alternate Translation: "you never look for or think about anything except ... crushing of others" or "you only look for and think about ways to cheat others and pour out innocent blood, and to oppress and crush others"
Jer 22:21you have not listened to my voiceListening is a metonym for obeying. Alternate Translation: "you have not obeyed me"
Jer 22:24the signet on my right handA signet ring was used by a king to place his seal of authority on documents. The signet ring therefore represents authority to rule. The right hand also represents authority to rule. Alternate Translation: "the signet ring on my right hand that represented my authority to be king"
Jer 22:25to the hand ofHere the metonym "hand" represents power and control.
Jer 22:30sit on David's throneSitting on a throne is a metonym for ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "become king"
Jer 23:5in the landHere "land" refers to the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "for all the people in the nation"
Jer 23:6Judah will be rescuedHere "Judah" refers to the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah will be rescued"
Jer 23:6Israel will live in securityHere "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel will live in security"
Jer 23:8the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel"
Jer 23:9Regarding the prophets, my heart is broken in me, and all of my bones trembleThe prophet speaks of his heart being broken and his bones trembling because he is afraid of the judgment that will result from the lies of the false prophets. Alternate Translation: "I have great fear for what will happen because of the false prophets"
Jer 23:9all of my bones trembleHere trembling is associated with fear. Alternate Translation: "I am very afraid"
Jer 23:16visions from their own mindsHere "minds" refers to the thoughts of the false prophets. Alternate Translation: "visions that they imagined"
Jer 23:16not from Yahweh's mouthHere "mouth" refers to what Yahweh said. Alternate Translation: "not what Yahweh said"
Jer 23:20carried out and brought into being his heart's intentionsHere "heart's intentions" refers to the things that Yahweh wanted to happen. Alternate Translation: "completed and accomplished all the punishment that he had planned"
Jer 23:25in my nameThis phrase refers to speaking with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative. See how you translated this phrase in [Jeremiah 14:14](../14/14.md).
Jer 23:27forget my name ... forgot my nameHere the word "name" refers to the whole being of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "forget me ... forgot me" or "forget who I am ... forgot who I am"
Jer 23:27in favor of Baal's nameHere "Baal's name" refers to the god Baal. Alternate Translation: "leading my people to worship Baal instead of me"
Jer 23:31who use their tonguesHere "tongues" is a metonym for the ability to speak.
Jer 23:34his houseHere "house" is a metonym for the family that lives inside it. Alternate Translation: "his family"
Jer 24:6I will set my eyes on them for goodHere "set my eyes" means he will see them. Seeing them is a metonym for caring for them. Alternate Translation: "I will bless them"
Jer 24:7I will give them a heart to know meHere "a heart" refers to their desires. Alternate Translation: "I will cause them to desire to know me"
Jer 24:10I will send out swordHere "sword" refers to war or enemy armies. Alternate Translation: "I will send enemy armies" or "I will send out war"
Jer 25:15make all the nations ... drink itThe word "nations" represents the people of the nations. Yahweh speaks of people experiencing his fury as if they were to drink the wine that is in the cup. Alternate Translation: "make all the people of the nations ... drink the wine"
Jer 25:16before the sword that I am sending out among themHere the word "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "because of the wars that I am causing to happen among them"
Jer 25:17I made all the nations ... drink itThe word "nations" represents the people of the nations. Alternate Translation: "I made all the people of the nations ... drink the wine from the cup"
Jer 25:19Other nations also had to drink itThe word "nations" represents the people of the nations. Alternate Translation: "People from other nations also had to drink the wine from the cup"
Jer 25:26all of them had to drink the cup from Yahweh's handHere "the cup" is a metonym for the wine that it contains. Alternate Translation: "all of these people had to drink the wine from the cup in Yahweh's hand"
Jer 25:27before the sword that I am sending among youHere the word "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "before the wars that I am causing to happen among you"
Jer 25:29the city that is called by my nameThis refers to Jerusalem and can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the city that I have called by my name" or "Jerusalem, which I have called by my name"
Jer 25:29I am calling a sword against all the inhabitants of the landHere the word "sword" represents war. Yahweh speaks of declaring war against the people as if he were calling a sword against them. Alternate Translation: "I am declaring war against all the inhabitants of the land" or "I am bringing war against all the inhabitants of the land"
Jer 25:30from the heightsThis phrase is a metonym for heaven. Alternate Translation: "from heaven"
Jer 25:31on all fleshHere the word "flesh" represents humanity. Alternate Translation: "on all mankind" or "on all people"
Jer 26:6I will turn this city into a curseWhat Yahweh would turn the city into is a metonym for what people would use the city for. Alternate Translation: "I will make this city so that people will ask me to destroy others the way I have destroyed this city"
Jer 26:15you are bringing innocent blood on yourselves and on this city and its inhabitantsBlood is a metonym for violent death, and to bring blood on someone is to make them guilty of violent death. Alternate Translation: "you are making yourselves and this city and its inhabitants guilty of the violent death of an innocent person"
Jer 26:15for your earsThe ear is a metonym for what the ear hears. Alternate Translation: "for you to hear"
Jer 26:16in the name of Yahweh our GodThe person's name is a metonym for his authority. Alternate Translation: "with the authority of Yahweh our God"
Jer 26:19all of JudahThe land is a metonym for the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Judah"
Jer 26:20prophesied against this city and this landThe words "city" and "land" are metonyms for the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "prophesied that bad things would happen to the people who lived in this city and this land"
Jer 26:24the hand of Ahikam ... was with JeremiahThe hand is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises. Ahikam was not a soldier, so he probably was able to talk to people and change their minds. Alternate Translation: "Ahikam ... was able to help Jeremiah" or "Ahikam ... was able to keep the people from harming Jeremiah"
Jer 26:24he was not given into the hand of the people to be put to deathThe hand is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Ahikam did not allow the people to have the power to put Jeremiah to death" or "the people could not kill Jeremiah because Ahikam did not give them the power to"
Jer 27:5I ... am giving all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar ... servantThe hand is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises, and the word "lands" is a metonym for the people who live in those lands. Alternate Translation: "I ... am putting the people who live in all these lands under the power of Nebuchadnezzar ... servant"
Jer 27:6I ... am giving all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar ... servantThe hand is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises, and the word "lands" is a metonym for the people who live in those lands. Alternate Translation: "I ... am putting the people who live in all these lands under the power of Nebuchadnezzar ... servant"
Jer 27:7subdue himHere "him" refers to Nebuchadnezzar who represents the kingdom of Babylon. Alternate Translation: "will defeat Babylon"
Jer 27:8I have destroyed it by his handThe hand here could be a metonym for Nebuchadnezzar's power, or it could be a metonym for Nebuchadnezzar's armies. Alternate Translation: "I have used Nebuchadnezzar's power to destroy it" or "I have enabled Nebuchadnezzar's armies to destroy i"
Jer 27:15they are prophesying deceit in my nameThe phrase "in my name" represents speaking with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative. Here these prophets claim that they received their message from Yahweh, but that had not. The abstract noun "deceit" can be translated as the verb "deceiving." Alternate Translation: "they say they are speaking for me when they prophesy, but they are deceiving you"
Jer 28:11every nationThe word "nation" is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate Translation: "the people of every nation"
Jer 29:7Seek the peace of the cityThe peace of the city is a metonym for the people living in peace. Alternate Translation: "Do everything you can so the people of the city live in peace"
Jer 29:12you will call to mePraying is spoken of as calling out with a loud voice.
Jer 29:13you will seek meWanting to know what Yahweh requires is spoken of as trying to find where Yahweh is. Alternate Translation: "you will want to do what I require you to do"
Jer 29:16the king who sits on the throne of DavidSitting on the throne is a metonym for ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "the king who rules the Israelites as David did"
Jer 29:17I am about to send sword, famine, and disease on themThe word "sword" is a metonym for war. The sword, famine, and disease are spoken of as people who can obey Yahweh's command to harm the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "I am going to punish them by having them die in war, from hunger, and from illness"
Jer 29:21who prophesy falsely to you in my nameHere "name" is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "liars who tell you that they are speaking my words to you"
Jer 29:21I am about to put them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of BabylonHere "hand" is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises. Alternate Translation: "I will allow Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon to conquer them"
Jer 29:25in your own nameThe word "name" refers to a person's authority and reputation. Alternate Translation: "based on your own authority and reputation"
Jer 30:7for Jacob, but he will be rescued from itThe name Jacob is a metonym for the man's descendants. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "for the descendants of Jacob, but I will rescue them from it"
Jer 30:9David their kingThis is a metonym for one of David's descendants. Alternate Translation: "a man descended from their King David"
Jer 30:10my servant Jacob ... IsraelJacob and "Israel" are the two names of the ancestor of the Israelites, and these names are metonyms for the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob ... you Israelite people"
Jer 30:10Jacob will return ... he will be secureJacob's name is a metonym for his descendants. Yahweh speaks to Jacob as if he were speaking to another person. You may need to make explicit to where Jacob will return. Alternate Translation: "Jacob will return to his own land ... he will be secure" or "The descendants of Jacob will return ... they will be secure" or "You descendants of Jacob will return ... you will be secure"
Jer 30:17No one cares for this ZionThe place name "Zion" is a metonym for the people who live in Zion. Alternate Translation: "No one cares about the people of Zion"
Jer 30:18I am about to bring back the fortunes of Jacob's tents and have compassion on his homesThe places where people live are metonyms for the people who live in those places. Alternate Translation: "I am about bring back the fortunes of the descendants of Jacob, and I will have compassion on them"
Jer 31:2who have survived the swordThe word "sword" is a metonym for war. Alternate Translation: "who have survived the war"
Jer 31:3Yahweh appeared to meJeremiah speaks of himself as if he were the people of Israel.
Jer 31:15It is Rachel weeping for her childrenRachel was the wife of Jacob/Israel and was the mother of the tribes of Joseph and Benjamin. Her name is a metonym for the women of Israel who are crying because the Babylonians have killed their children or taken them away.
Jer 31:18I have certainly heard Ephraim sorrowingEphraim was the ancestor of the largest tribe in Israel. His name is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "I have certainly heard the descendants of Ephraim sorrowing" or "I have certainly heard the people of Israel sorrowing"
Jer 31:24Judah and all its cities will live together thereThe name of the man Judah is a metonym for the land on which his descendants, the people of the tribe of Judah, live, and the cities of Judah are spoken of as if they were the family of the man Judah, all of them living "there," in the land of Judah. Alternate Translation: "it will be as if the land were a house in which Judah lived with his family"
Jer 31:27I will sow the houses of Israel and Judah with the descendants of man and beastThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the people of Israel and the people of Judah. The house in turn is spoken of as if it were a field in which Yahweh would sow seed, and the people and the animals they raise for food, milk, and skins are spoken of as if they are that seed. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the people of Israel and Judah to become many people with many animals"
Jer 31:31the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of Israel"
Jer 31:31the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Judah"
Jer 31:33the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of Israel"
Jer 32:3Zedekiah king of Judah had imprisoned himIt might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Zedekiah do this.
Jer 32:4he will certainly be given into the hand of the king of BabylonThe word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will certainly put him under the control of the king of Babylon" or "I will certainly allow the king of Babylon to do whatever he wants with him"
Jer 32:17by your great strength and with your raised armThe phrase "raised arm" is a metonym for the strength of the arm, so the words "your great strength" and "your raised arm" form a doublet. Alternate Translation: "by your great power"
Jer 32:18pour the guilt of men into the laps of their children after themThe word "guilt" is a metonym for Yahweh punishing people because they are guilty of doing evil things. Yahweh punishing people is spoken of as if he were pouring a large container full of liquid or small objects into people's laps as they sit. Alternate Translation: "you punish children for the sins of their parents"
Jer 32:19for your eyes are open to all the ways of peopleOpen eyes are a metonym for what the person sees. How a person lives is spoken of as if he were walking on a path. Alternate Translation: "You see everything that people do"
Jer 32:20you have made your name famousHere "name" refers to God's reputation. Alternate Translation: "you have made yourself famous"
Jer 32:21with a strong hand, with a raised armThe phrase "strong hand" is a metonym for strength, and the phrase "raised arm" is a metonym for the strength of the arm, so the phrases "strong hand" and "raised arm" form a doublet. Alternate Translation: "by your great strength"
Jer 32:23But they did not obey your voiceThe voice is a metonym for the message the speaker gives. Alternate Translation: "But they did not obey what you said"
Jer 32:24because of swordThe word "sword" is a metonym for war, where soldiers use swords. Alternate Translation: "because soldiers will attack"
Jer 32:24the city has been given into the hand of the ChaldeansHere "hand" means power or control. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "you have given Jerusalem to the Chaldean army"
Jer 32:28give this city into the hand of the ChaldeansYahweh speaks of the city as if it were a small object that he could put into a person's hand. The word "hand" is a metonym for the power that the hand puts into action. Alternate Translation: "put this city under the power of the Chaldeans"
Jer 32:30doing evil before my eyesHere the metonym "eyes" represents what God sees. Possible meanings are 1) "doing what I consider evil" or 2) "doing evil knowing that I am watching"
Jer 32:31this city has been a provocation of my wrath and fury since the day that they built itHere "city" is a metonym for the people that live there. The words "wrath" and "fury" mean basically the same thing and emphasize how very angry he is. Alternate Translation: "the people of Jerusalem have made me very angry since the day they built their city"
Jer 32:35It never entered my mindHere "mind" refers to Yahweh's thoughts. Alternate Translation: "I never thought at all"
Jer 32:36It is given into the hand of the king of BabylonHere "hand" means power or control. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has given it to the king of Babylon" or "Yahweh has given the king of Babylon the power to rule it"
Jer 32:39one heart and one way to honor meThe people of Israel will want to work together to honor Yahweh.
Jer 32:43It has been given into the hand of the ChaldeansHere "hand" is a metonym for power or control. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has given it to the Chaldeans" or "Yahweh has given the Chaldeans power over it"
Jer 33:4the swordThis is a metonym for people dying violently when soldiers kill with swords.
Jer 33:9this city ... do for it ... give to itThe city is a metonym for the people who live in the city. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in this city ... do for the people who live there ... give to the people who live there"
Jer 33:9a song of praise and honor for all the nations of the earthThe word "song" is a metonym for the object about which people will sing the song. Alternate Translation: "something about which all the people groups of the earth will sing songs of praise and honor to me, Yahweh"
Jer 33:11I will restore the fortunes of the landThe word "land" is a metonym for the people who live on the land. Alternate Translation: "I will again cause things to go well for the people who live on the land" or "I will cause the people who live on the land to live well again" See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md).
Jer 33:14the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel"
Jer 33:14the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah"
Jer 33:14Judah ... JerusalemThese towns' names are metonyms for the people who live in the towns. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah ... the people of Jerusalem"
Jer 33:15the landthe nation of Israel
Jer 33:16Judah ... JerusalemThese towns' names are metonyms for the people who live in the towns. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah ... the people of Jerusalem"
Jer 33:17to sit on the throne of the house of IsraelThe throne is a metonym for the king. Alternate Translation: "to be king over the house of Israel"
Jer 33:17the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel"
Jer 33:21to sit on his throneThe throne is a metonym for the king who sits on the throne. Alternate Translation: "to rule the kingdom I have given to him"
Jer 33:24my people ... are no longer a nation in their sightSight is a metonym for thinking. Alternate Translation: "they no longer think of my people as a nation"
Jer 34:1all of her citiesThis refers to all the towns around Jerusalem.
Jer 34:2into the hand of the king of BabylonHere the word "hand" is a metonym for the control that the hand exercises. Alternate Translation: "under the control of the king of Babylon"
Jer 34:3You will not escape from his handHere the word "hand" is a metonym for the control that the hand exercises. Alternate Translation: "You will not escape from his control"
Jer 34:4You will not die by the sword.The word "sword" is a metonym for dying in war. Alternate Translation: "You will not die in battle"
Jer 34:14did not ... incline their ears to meTo incline the ear, to lean the head toward the speaker so as to hear better, is a metonym for paying attention to what the speaker is saying. Alternate Translation: "did not ... pay attention to what I said"
Jer 34:15right in my eyesEyes here is a metonym for someone's opinion or idea. Alternate Translation: "what I consider to be right"
Jer 34:16turned and polluted my nameA person's name is a metonym for what people think of him. Alternate Translation: "stopped doing what was right and did evil things that have made people think that I am evil"
Jer 34:17swordThis is a metonym for soldiers who carry swords. Alternate Translation: "enemy soldiers to kill you"
Jer 34:20I will give them into the hand of their enemiesThe word "hand" here is a metonym for the power or control that the enemies will exercise using their hands. AT; "I will allow their enemies to have complete control over them"
Jer 34:20into the hand of their enemiesHere the word "hands" represents control. Alternate Translation: "to be conquered by their enemies" or "over to the control of their enemies"
Jer 35:8the voice of JonadabThe word "voice" is a metonym for the command that Jonadab spoke. Alternate Translation: "the command of Jonadab"
Jer 36:3forgive their iniquity and their sinThe words "iniquity" and "sin" are metonyms for the persons who commit iniquity and sin. Alternate Translation: "forgive them for their iniquity and their sin"
Jer 36:30will ever sit on the throne of DavidSitting on the throne is a metonym for ruling as king. See how you translated "sits on the throne of David" in [Jeremiah 29:16](../29/16.md). Alternate Translation: "will ever rule the Israelites as David did"
Jer 37:17You will be given into the hand of the king of BabylonThe word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. This can be translated in active form. See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 32:4](../32/04.md). Alternate Translation: "I will certainly put you under the control of the king of Babylon" or "I will certainly allow the king of Babylon to do whatever he wants with you"
Jer 38:3This city will be given into the hand of the army of the king of BabylonThe word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will allow the army of the king of Babylon to conquer Jerusalem"
Jer 38:4he is weakening the hands of the fighting men who remain in this city, and the hands of all the peopleWeak hands are a metonym for a person who is afraid. Alternate Translation: "he is causing the soldiers and all the people in the city to lose courage"
Jer 38:5he is in your handThe hand is a metonym for the power that the hand has. Alternate Translation: "you are able do whatever you want with him"
Jer 38:15I will not ... give you into the hand of those menHere the word "hand" refers to the men's control or power. Alternate Translation: "I will not ... allow those men to capture you"
Jer 38:16I will not ... give you into the hand of those menHere the word "hand" refers to the men's control or power. Alternate Translation: "I will not ... allow those men to capture you"
Jer 38:17God of IsraelThe name of the people group is metonym for the people of that group. Alternate Translation: "God of the people of Israel"
Jer 38:18you will not escape from their handThe word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. Alternate Translation: "you will not escape from their power"
Jer 38:23will not escape from their handThe word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. Alternate Translation: "will not escape from their power"
Jer 38:23You will be captured by the hand of the king of Babylon, and this city will be burnedThe word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. This can be translated in active form. The reader should probably understand that many people will help the king do this. Alternate Translation: "The army of the king of Babylon will capture you and will burn the city"
Jer 39:17you will not be given into the hand of the men whom you fearHere "hand" refers to power or control. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the men you fear will not harm you" or "I will not allow anyone to put you under the control of the people whom you fear"
Jer 40:4it is good in your eyesEyes here is a metonym for what the person thinks. Alternate Translation: "it is what you consider to be right"
Jer 40:5it is good in your eyesEyes here is a metonym for what the person thinks. Alternate Translation: "it is what you consider to be right"
Jer 41:2in charge of the landHere "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "in charge of the people of Judah"
Jer 41:5in their handsHaving things in the hands here is probably a metaphor for carrying those things or having them in their possession. Alternate Translation: "in their possession"
Jer 41:9that King Asa dugHere King Asa represents his men. Alternate Translation: "that King Asa ordered his men to dig"
Jer 41:18in charge of the landHere "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "in charge of the people of Judah"
Jer 42:6the voice of Yahweh our GodHere "voice" represents what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "what Yahweh our God says" or "we will obey Yahweh our God"
Jer 42:11rescue you from his handHere the word "hand" refers to power and authority. Alternate Translation: "rescue you from his power" or "rescue you from him"
Jer 42:13if you do not listen to my voice, the voice of Yahweh your GodHere "voice" represents a command. To not obey is like the people did not hear Yahweh's command. Alternate Translation: "if you do not obey my commands, even though I am Yahweh, your God"
Jer 42:14we will not go hungry for foodBeing hungry for food is used to describe famine.
Jer 42:16the sword that you fear will overtake youHere "the sword" represents war. The Israelites experiencing war even if they go to Egypt is spoken of as if the sword would chase after the people catch up with them. Alternate Translation: "you will experience the terrible results of war"
Jer 42:21to the voice of Yahweh your GodHere "voice" represents what Yahweh commanded. Alternate Translation: "to what Yahweh your God commanded"
Jer 42:22you will die by swordHere "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "you will die in warfare"
Jer 43:3to deliver us into the hand of the ChaldeansHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "to give us over to the Chaldeans"
Jer 43:4refused to listen to Yahweh's voiceHere "voice" represents commands. And here "to listen" means "to obey." Alternate Translation: "would not obey Yahweh's command"
Jer 43:10I will place his throne over these stones that you, Jeremiah, have buried. Nebuchadnezzar will place his pavilion over themBoth the king's "throne" and "pavilion" are used to refer to his royal authority. Alternate Translation: "I will cause him to rule as king over the people of Egypt. He will place his throne and pavilion over these stones you have buried"
Jer 43:11he will comeHere "he" refers to Nebuchadnezzar who represents his whole army. Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar's army will come"
Jer 43:11Anyone who is assigned to the sword will be given to the swordHere "sword" represents battle. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Everyone will die in battle whom I have decided will die in battle"
Jer 43:12Then I will light a fireHere "I" refers to Yahweh. This represents Yahweh sending the Babylonian army to light a fire. Alternate Translation: "Then I will cause the Babylonian army to light a fire"
Jer 43:12Nebuchadnezzar will ... He willHere Nebuchadnezzar represents his army. Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar's army will ... They will"
Jer 44:8you will be a curse and a reproach among all the nations of the earthHere "nations" represent the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people of all the nations of the earth will curse you and hate you"
Jer 44:13I punished JerusalemHere "Jerusalem" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "I punished the people of Jerusalem"
Jer 44:13with the sword, with famine, and with the plagueHere "sword" represents enemies carrying weapons. Alternate Translation: "by causing enemies to kill some of them, others to starve to death, and others to die because of disease"
Jer 44:16About the word that you have told us in Yahweh's name—we will not listen to youHere "in Yahweh's name" means "in Yahweh's authority" or "as Yahweh's representative." Alternate Translation: "We will not obey this message that you say Yahweh told you to tell us"
Jer 44:18were dying by sword and famineHere "sword" represents enemies carrying weapons. Alternate Translation: "enemy soldiers were killing some of us and some of us were dying of hunger"
Jer 44:23you would not listen to his voiceHere "voice" refers to Yahweh's commands. Alternate Translation: "you would not obey his commands"
Jer 44:24all of JudahHere "Judah" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Judah"
Jer 44:26all of JudahHere "Judah" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Judah"
Jer 44:26My name will no longer be called upon by the mouths of any of the men of Judah in all the land of EgyptHere "name" represents the whole being of Yahweh. And, "mouth" represents the whole person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "No person of Judah living in the land of Egypt will ever call upon me again"
Jer 44:28Then the survivors of the swordHere "sword" represents enemies carrying weapons. Alternate Translation: "Then those whom the enemies do not kill"
Jer 44:30I am about to give Pharaoh Hophra king of Egypt into the hand of his enemies and into the hand of those who seek to kill himHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "I will allow the enemies who want to kill Pharaoh Hophra, the king of Egypt, to defeat him"
Jer 44:30when I gave Zedekiah king of Judah into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, his enemy who sought his lifeHere "hand" represents power or control. And, Nebuchadnezzar represents his whole army. The phrase "sought his life" is an idiom that means to want to kill someone. Alternate Translation: "when I allowed the army of Nebuchadnezzar to defeat Zedekiah king of Judah"
Jer 46:2that Nebuchadnezzar king of BabylonHere Nebuchadnezzar represents his army. Alternate Translation: "that the army of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon"
Jer 46:8Egypt rises ... Egypt says ... I willHere "Egypt" represents all the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "The Egyptians rise ... The Egyptians say ... We will"
Jer 46:9Go up, horses. Be angry, you chariotsHere "horses" and "chariots" represent the soldiers who use horses and chariots in battle. The leaders of Egypt are ordering their soldiers to start the battle. Alternate Translation: "Go up to battle, you soldiers on horses. Fight furiously, you soldiers in chariots"
Jer 46:12The earth is filled with your lamentsHere "earth" is a metonym for the people of the earth and a generalization for the people who know what has happened to Egypt. All the people of the earth hearing the Egyptians crying is spoken of as if their laments filled the earth. Alternate Translation: "All the people of the earth hear you crying"
Jer 46:13when Nebuchadnezzar king of BabylonHere Nebuchadnezzar represents his army. Alternate Translation: "when the army of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon"
Jer 46:13the land of EgyptHere "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Egypt" or "the Egyptians"
Jer 46:14the sword will devour those around youThe word "sword" here represents soldiers carrying weapons. The enemy soliders killing people is spoken of as if their swords were devouring people. Alternate Translation: "your enemies will kill people all around you"
Jer 46:16Let us leave this sword that is beating us downHere "sword" represents the enemy soldiers who are carrying weapons. Alternate Translation: "Let us run away from our enemies because they are killing us"
Jer 46:24She will be given into the hand of people from the northHere "hand" represents power or control. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I, Yahweh, will allow the people from the north to defeat the Egyptians"
Jer 46:25Egypt and her godsHere "Egypt" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Egypt and the gods they worship"
Jer 46:26I am giving them into the hand of the ones seeking their livesHere "hand" represents power or control. The phrase "seeking their lives" is an idiom that mean to want to kill someone. Alternate Translation: "I will allow those who are wanting to kill them to defeat them"
Jer 46:26and into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and his servantsHere "hand" represents power or control. "Nebuchadnezzar ... his servants" names specifically "the ones seeking their lives." Alternate Translation: "that is, I will allow Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and his servants to defeat the Egyptians"
Jer 47:1before PharaohHere "Pharaoh" represents the Egyptians army. Alternate Translation: "before Pharaoh's army"
Jer 48:1To MoabHere "Moab" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "To the people of Moab"
Jer 48:1Woe to Nebo, for it has been devastatedHere "Nebo" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "How terrible it is for the people of Nebo, for their city is devastated"
Jer 48:1Kiriathaim has been humiliatedHere "Kiriathaim has been humiliated" represents the people being humiliated. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The enemy has captured the city of Kiriathaim and humiliated the people who live there"
Jer 48:1Her fortress has been disgracedHere "fortress has been disgraced" represents the people being disgraced. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The enemy has destroyed the fortress in Kiriathaim and disgraced its people"
Jer 48:2a sword will go after youHere "sword" represents the enemy army carrying weapons. Alternate Translation: "your enemies will chase after you and kill you"
Jer 48:4Her childrenPossible meanings are 1) the children who lived in Moab or 2) "children" is a metonym that represents the people of Moab in general. Alternate Translation: "The people of Moab"
Jer 48:8no city will escapeHere "city" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "no people from any city will escape"
Jer 48:8So the valley will perish and the plain will be devastatedHere "valley" and "plain" represent the cities and the people in those places Alternate Translation: "So the enemy army will destroy everything in the valleys and on the plains"
Jer 48:10from shedding bloodHere "blood" represents a person's life. And "shedding blood" is an idiom that means to kill. Alternate Translation: "from killing people"
Jer 48:13Then MoabHere "Moab" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "Then the people of Moab"
Jer 48:13the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Jer 48:17the strong staff, the honored rod, has been brokenHere the words "staff" and "rod" represent the power and political support that Moab provided to other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Moab's enemies have ended her great power"
Jer 48:20Moab has been shamed, for it has been shatteredHere "Moab" represents the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The people are disgraced, for the enemy army has destroyed Moab"
Jer 48:27Israel ... Was he found ... at him ... about himHere "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel ... Were they found ... at them ... about them"
Jer 48:29the conceit in his heartHere "heart" represents a person's inner being. Alternate Translation: "his conceit"
Jer 48:30his defiant speech ... like his deedsHere "his" refers to Moab which represents the people of Moab. Alternate Translation: "their defiant speech ... like their deeds"
Jer 48:39Moab turns its back in shameHere Moab represents the people. To turn one's back is a sign of feeling ashamed. Alternate Translation: "The people of Moab turn their backs in shame" or "The people of Moab are ashamed and will not show their faces"
Jer 48:41the hearts of Moab's soldiers will be like the hearts of women in birth laborHere "hearts" represent a person's emotions. Alternate Translation: "Moab's soldiers will be afraid like a woman about to give birth"
Jer 48:45will stand in the shadow of HeshbonHere "in the shadow" represents protection or shelter. Alternate Translation: "will hide in Heshbon for protection" or "will go to Heshbon for shelter"
Jer 49:1Why does MolechHere "Molech" represents the people who worship Molech. Alternate Translation: "Why do the people who worship Molech"
Jer 49:2For Israel will possess those who possessed himHere "Israel" represents the people of Israel. "Those" refers to people of Ammon, who represent the land that they took from Israel. Alternate Translation: "Then the people of Israel will again possess the land that the people of Ammon took away from them"
Jer 49:8I am bringing the disaster of Esau on him at the time that I punish himHere "Esau" represents the people of Edom. The Edomites were descendants of Esau. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the people of Edom to experience disaster when I punish them"
Jer 49:10Esau ... his hiding ... he will not ... hide himself ... His children ... he is goneHere "Esau" represents the people of Edom. Alternate Translation: "the people of Edom ... their hiding ... they will not ... hide themselves ... Their children ... they are gone"
Jer 49:12must certainly drink some of the cup ... for you will certainly drinkHere "the cup" is a metonym that represents the contents in the cup that the people must drink. The people experiencing Yahweh's punishment is spoken of as if Yahweh's punishment were liquid in a cup and the people must drink it. Alternate Translation: "must certainly experience my punishment ... for you will certainly experience my punishment" or "I will certainly still punish ... for I will certainly punish you"
Jer 49:16your heart's pride has deceived youHere "heart" represents the whole person. People deceiving themselves is spoken of as if their pride deceived them. Alternate Translation: "you have become prideful, but you have deceived yourselves"
Jer 49:19Edom run from itHere "Edom" represents the people. "It" refers to the land. Alternate Translation: "the people of Edom will run from their land"
Jer 49:22the hearts of Edom's soldiers will become like the heart of a woman in birth laborHere "hearts" represent a person's emotions. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 48:41](../48/41.md). Alternate Translation: "Edom's soldiers will be afraid like a woman about to give birth"
Jer 49:23Hamath and Arpad will be ashamedHere "Hamath" and "Arpad" represent the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people who live in Hamath and Arpad will be ashamed"
Jer 49:23Damascus has become very weak. It turns ... seizes itHere "Damascus" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people of Damascus have become very weak. They turn ... seizes them"
Jer 49:24Damascus has become very weak. It turns ... seizes itHere "Damascus" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people of Damascus have become very weak. They turn ... seizes them"
Jer 49:27I will light a fireCausing the enemy army to light a fire is spoken of as if Yahweh will light the fire. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the enemy army to light a fire"
Jer 49:28Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon was going to attackHere "Nebuchadnezzar" represents his army. Alternate Translation: "the army of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon was going to attack"
Jer 49:31Attack the nation at ease, that lives in safetyHere "nation" represents the people living there. Alternate Translation: "Attack this nation, whose people feel safe and secure"
Jer 49:37I will shatter ElamThese words are a metonym for Yahweh causing enemies to destroy Elam. Alternate Translation: "I will cause Elam's enemies to destroy Elam"
Jer 49:37Elamthe people of Elam
Jer 49:37the sword after themHere "sword" represents the enemy army carrying their weapons. Alternate Translation: "the enemy army to pursue and kill them"
Jer 49:38I will put my throne in ElamHere "throne" represents Yahweh's right to rule and judge as the king. Alternate Translation: "I will judge the people of Elam"
Jer 50:14she has sinned ... She has surrendered ... she has doneThese instances of "she" are addressed to the city of Babylon, but refer to the people who live in the city. Alternate Translation: "her people have sinned ... Her people have surrendered ... her people have done"
Jer 50:15she has sinned ... She has surrendered ... she has doneThese instances of "she" are addressed to the city of Babylon, but refer to the people who live in the city. Alternate Translation: "her people have sinned ... Her people have surrendered ... her people have done"
Jer 50:16from the oppressor's swordHere the word "sword" refers to the armies that will attack Babylon.
Jer 50:17IsraelThis refers collectively to all the people of Israel.
Jer 50:17the king of AssyriaThis refers to the army of the king of Assyria.
Jer 50:17Nebuchadnezzar king of BabylonThis refers to the army of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon.
Jer 50:18his landHere "land" is a metonym for the people who live in the land of Babylon. Alternate Translation: "the Babylonian people"
Jer 50:19Israel to his homeland ... he will be satisfiedThis refers collectively to all the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel to their homeland ... they will be satisfied"
Jer 50:21Put them to the swordThis refers to having a sword come down on people to kill them. Alternate Translation: "Kill them"
Jer 50:21Put them to the swordHere the word "sword" represents war. Yahweh speaks of Babylon's enemies killing them in battle as if he were placing those people under the sword's power. Alternate Translation: "Kill them in battle"
Jer 50:22The sounds of battle and enormous destruction are in the landThese sounds are heard during battle and great destruction. They are spoken of in the present tense to indicate that this will certainly happen soon. Alternate Translation: "The sounds of fierce battle and terrible destruction are going to happen soon in the land"
Jer 50:25Yahweh has opened his armory and is bringing out the weapons for carrying out his angerYahweh's anger that causes him to send enemies against Babylon is spoken of as if Yahweh had an armory and weapons. To open an armory is a metonym for preparing for battle. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has prepared for war and is sending the nations to attack Babylon in his anger"
Jer 50:34in order to bring rest to the landHere "the land" is a metonym for the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "in order that the people who live in Israel might live in peace"
Jer 50:35A sword is against ... against ... A sword is coming againstHere "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "War will soon happen to ... to ... War will soon happen to"
Jer 50:36A sword is against ... against ... A sword is coming againstHere "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "War will soon happen to ... to ... War will soon happen to"
Jer 50:37A sword is against ... against ... A sword is coming againstHere "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "War will soon happen to ... to ... War will soon happen to"
Jer 50:42daughter of BabylonThis phrase refers to the Babylonian people.
Jer 51:5Israel and Judah are not forsaken by their God, by Yahweh of hostsThe words "Israel" and "Judah" are metonyms for the people of Israel and Judah. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh of hosts, the God of the people of Israel and Judah, has not forsaken them"
Jer 51:9Babylon ... she is not healed ... leave her ... her guiltThe name of the city is a metonym for the people who live there, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "the people of Babylon ... they are not healed ... leave them ... their guilt"
Jer 51:19the portion of JacobHere "Jacob" represents the people of Israel. God being their "portion" is an idiom that means that they worship him. Alternate Translation: "the portion of Israel" or "whom the people of Israel worship"
Jer 51:25I will stretch out my hand against youThe word "hand" is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises. See how "I will attack the inhabitants of the land with my hand" is translated in [Jeremiah 6:12](../06/12.md). Alternate Translation: "I will use my strength to attack you"
Jer 51:27attack herThe city of Babylon is a metonym for the people of Babylon, and it is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "attack the people of Babylon"
Jer 51:29the land will shake and be in anguishThe land is a metonym for the people who live on the land. Shaking and being in anguish are metonyms for being very afraid. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in Babylon will shake with fear and be in anguish"
Jer 51:29against BabylonThe city of Babylon is a metonym for the people of Babylon. Alternate Translation: "against the people of Babylon"
Jer 51:33The daughter of BabylonDaughter of Babylon here is another name for the people who live in Babylon.
Jer 51:41the praise of all the earth is seizedThe word "praise" is a metonym for the thing that people praised, and the word "earth" is a metonym for the people living on the earth. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "enemies have seized Babylon, the nation that everyone on earth praised"
Jer 51:44I will punish BelBel was the main god of the Babylonians and represents the whole country and the people that worshiped it.
Jer 51:46Ruler will be against rulerThe ruler is a metonym for the nations under his control. Alternate Translation: "Nations will fight against other nations"
Jer 51:47Babylon ... her land ... her slaughtered ones ... her midst ... over Babylon ... come for her ... Babylon has made ... her landThe people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "the people of Babylon ... their land ... their slaughtered ones ... their midst ... over the Babylonians ... come for them ... the Babylonians have made ... their land"
Jer 51:48Babylon ... her land ... her slaughtered ones ... her midst ... over Babylon ... come for her ... Babylon has made ... her landThe people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "the people of Babylon ... their land ... their slaughtered ones ... their midst ... over the Babylonians ... come for them ... the Babylonians have made ... their land"
Jer 51:49Babylon ... her land ... her slaughtered ones ... her midst ... over Babylon ... come for her ... Babylon has made ... her landThe people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "the people of Babylon ... their land ... their slaughtered ones ... their midst ... over the Babylonians ... come for them ... the Babylonians have made ... their land"
Jer 51:50Survivors of the swordThe sword is a metonym for war, in which soldiers use swords. Alternate Translation: "You who have survived the war"
Jer 51:52her carved idols ... her land ... Babylon ... her highest fortresses ... to herThe people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "their carved idols ... their land ... the Babylonians ... their highest fortresses ... to them"
Jer 51:53her carved idols ... her land ... Babylon ... her highest fortresses ... to herThe people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "their carved idols ... their land ... the Babylonians ... their highest fortresses ... to them"
Jer 51:55destroying Babylon ... her loud voiceThe people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "destroying the people of Babylon ... their loud voices"
Jer 51:56against her—against Babylon!—and her warriorsThe people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "against the people of Babylon—yes, against Babylon!—and their warriors"
Jer 51:57her princes, her sages, her officials, and her soldiers ... her high gates ... her aid ... for herThe people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "their princes, their sages, their officials, and their soldiers ... their high gates ... their aid ... for them"
Jer 51:58her princes, her sages, her officials, and her soldiers ... her high gates ... her aid ... for herThe people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "their princes, their sages, their officials, and their soldiers ... their high gates ... their aid ... for them"
Jer 52:33removed Jehoiachin's prison clothesThe reader should understand that removing his prison clothes represents making him a free man.
Lam 1:3Judah has gone into exileHere Judah refers to its inhabitants. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah have gone into exile" or "the people of Judah have been taken into a foreign land"
Lam 1:7Jerusalem will call to mindHere "Jerusalem" refers to the people who live there. The phrase "call to mind" is an idiom. Alternate Translation: "the people of Jerusalem will remember" or "Jerusalem will remember"
Lam 1:7When her people fell into the hand of the adversaryHere the word "hand" refers the control of the enemy army. Alternate Translation: "When the adversary conquered and captured her people"
Lam 1:13has sent fire into my bonesHere "fire" represents pain and "bones" represents one's inner being. Alternate Translation: "has sent pain into my bones" or "has sent pain into my inner being"
Lam 1:14given me over into their handsgiven me over into the hands of my enemies. Here their enemies' control is represented by their "hands." Alternate Translation: "given my over to the control of my enemies" or "let my enemies defeat me"
Lam 1:17around Jacob should be his adversariesHere "Jacob" refers to his descendants, that is Israel. Alternate Translation: "around Jacob's descendants should be their adversaries"
Lam 1:20the sword bereaves a motherThe "sword" represents the enemy. Alternate Translation: "the enemy kills a mother's children"
Lam 2:2all the towns of JacobHere "the towns of Jacob" refers to the towns where his descendants lived. Alternate Translation: "all the towns of Israel"
Lam 2:3withdrawn his right hand from before the enemyHere the Lord's protection is represented by his "right hand." Alternate Translation: "stopped protecting us from our enemies"
Lam 2:3JacobHere "Jacob" refers to the places where his descendants lived. Alternate Translation: "Israel"
Lam 2:6He has destroyed the place of the solemn assemblyThe Lord caused Israel's enemies to destroy it. He did not destroy it himself. Alternate Translation: "He has caused the place of the solemn assembly to be destroyed" or "He has caused their enemies to destroy the place of the solemn assembly"
Lam 2:7He has given over the walls of her palaces into the hand of the enemyHere the enemy's "hand" refers to the enemy's control. Alternate Translation: "He has allowed the enemy to capture the walls of her palaces"
Lam 2:8Yahweh decided to destroy the city wallYahweh chose to have the wall destroyed and caused Jerusalem's enemy to destroy it. He did not destroy it himself.
Lam 2:11the daughter of my peopleThis is a poetic name of Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "my people"
Lam 2:12Where is grain and wine?This rhetorical question is used as a request for something to eat. The children are telling their mother that they are hungry. The phrase "grain and wine" represents food and drink. This question may be written as a statement. Alternate Translation: "Give us something to eat and drink."
Lam 2:17he has lifted up the horn of your enemiesHere "horn" (that is, an animal horn) represents strength. Alternate Translation: "he has increased the power of your enemies"
Lam 2:21you have slaughtered themThis speaks of Yahweh allowing the poeple to be slaughtered as if he killed them himself. Alternate Translation: "you allowed them to be slaughtered" or "you allowed this to happen"
Lam 2:22my terrorsHere the people the author fears are referred to as his "terrors." Alternate Translation: "the attackers I was afraid of"
Lam 3:1under the rod of Yahweh's furyBeing "under the rod" represents being beaten with a rod. The author speaks of God's punishment as if God had beaten him with a rod. Alternate Translation: "because Yahweh was very angry and has beaten me with a rod" or "because Yahweh was very angry and has punished me severely"
Lam 3:3he turned his hand against meHere "turned his hand against me" represents attacking him. The author speaks of God causing bad things to happen to him as if God had attacked him. Alternate Translation: "he has attacked me" or "he has caused many bad things to happen to me, like someone who attacks a person"
Lam 3:33For he does not afflict from his heartHere the heart represents desire or pleasure, and afflicting from the heart represents afflicting with pleasure. Alternate Translation: "For it does not make him happy to afflict people" or "He does not take pleasure in afflicting people"
Lam 3:35in the presence of the Most HighDoing something "in the presence of the Most High" represents doing it while knowing that God sees it. Alternate Translation: "knowing that the Most High sees it"
Lam 3:38Is it not from the mouth of the Most High that both calamities and the good come?The author uses this rhetorical question to teach that both calamities and good things happen only because God has commanded them to happen. Alternate Translation: "It is only from the mouth of the Most High that both calamities and the good come." or "It is only because the Most High has commanded it that both calamities and good things happen."
Lam 3:38from the mouth of the Most HighHere "mouth" represents what God says or commands. Alternate Translation: "from the command of the Most High" or "because the Most High has commanded it"
Lam 3:51My eyes cause me griefThe phrase "My eyes" represents what he sees. Alternate Translation: "What I see causes me to grieve"
Lam 3:55I called on your nameGod's name represents his character, and here, "called on your name" represents trusting God's character and calling on him for help. Alternate Translation: "I called to you for help"
Lam 3:56You heard my voiceHere "voice" represents what he said. Alternate Translation: "You heard my words"
Lam 3:56Do not close your earHere "close your ear" represents refusing to listen. Alternate Translation: "Do not refuse to listen"
Lam 3:57You came nearPeople often come near to a person they help. Here "came near" represents helping the man. Alternate Translation: "you helped me"
Lam 3:62The lips ... of my enemiesHere the lips represent what his enemies say. Alternate Translation: "The words ... of my enemies"
Lam 3:65You will let their hearts be shamelessHere the "heart" is a metonym that represents their attitudes and emotions, and being "shameless" means not feeling ashamed of their sins even though they should. Their not being ashamed would give even more reason for God to punish them. Alternate Translation: "You will let them feel no shame for their sins"
Lam 3:66from under the heavensHere "from under the heavens" represents everywhere on earth. Alternate Translation: "wherever they are on earth"
Lam 4:3the daughter of my people hasThis is a poetic name for Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. See how you translated this in [Lamentations 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate Translation: "my people have"
Lam 4:5scarlet clothingHere this phrase is a metonym for luxurious, expensive, and comfortable clothing, at least some of which was probably scarlet. Alternate Translation: "luxurious clothing"
Lam 4:6the daughter of my peopleThis is a poetic name for Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. See how you translated this in [Lamentations 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate Translation: "my people"
Lam 4:6no hands were wrung for herPeople sometimes rub and twist their hands when they are worried and cannot fix something, so wringing the hands here represents worrying. The word "her" refers to Jerusalem, which was called "the daughter of my people." Alternate Translation: "no one was worried about her"
Lam 4:9Those who have been killed by the swordHere the "sword" represents an enemy's attack. It can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Those whom enemy soldiers have killed"
Lam 4:9those killed by hungerHere "hunger" represents starvation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "those who starved to death"
Lam 4:9pierced by the lack of any harvest from the fieldHere "harvest from the field" is a metonym that represents food to eat. Lack of food is spoken of here as if it were a sword that pierces people. Alternate Translation: "who died because there was not enough food to eat"
Lam 4:10the daughter of my people wasThis is a poetic name for Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. See how you translated this in [Lamentations 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate Translation: "my people were"
Lam 4:11He kindled a fire in ZionThis represents God causing Israel's enemies to start a fire in Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "He caused a fire to start in Zion"
Lam 4:13who have shed the blood of the righteousBoth the priests and the prophets were guilty of murder. Here "shed the blood" represents murder. Alternate Translation: "who have murdered the righteous"
Lam 4:14defiled by that blooddefiled by the blood that they shed. Possible meanings are 1) the blood was on their clothes or 2) "blood" is a metonym for murder.
Lam 4:16he does not watch over them anymoreHere "watch over them" represents being concerned about them and helping them. Alternate Translation: "he does not care about them anymore"
Lam 4:17Our eyes failed, looking in vain for helpTheir eyes failing represents their seeking and not being able to find what they were looking for. These two phrases together emphasize that they were trying hard to find help. Alternate Translation: "We continued looking, but we could not find anyone to help us"
Lam 4:18They followed our stepsHere "our steps" represents where they went. Alternate Translation: "Our enemies followed us everywhere we went"
Lam 5:7we bear their iniquitiesHere "iniquities" represents the punishment received because of their ancestors' sins. Alternate Translation: "we bear the punishment for their sins"
Lam 5:8to deliver us from their handHere the word "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "to rescue us from their control"
Lam 5:9breadHere "bread" refers to food in general. Alternate Translation: "food"
Lam 5:9because of the sword in the wildernessHere robbers with swords are represented by their "swords." Alternate Translation: "because there are robbers in the wilderness who kill others with swords"
Lam 5:16The crown has fallen from our headPossible meanings are 1) "We no longer wear flowers on our heads for celebrations" or 2) The "crown" represents their king and their "head" represents a place of authority over the people. Alternate Translation: "We no longer have a king"
Lam 5:17For this our heart has become sickThe "heart" represents a person's emotions. This speaks of a person being discouraged as if their emotions were sick. Alternate Translation: "Because of this we are discouraged"
Lam 5:19sit upon your throneHere sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "rule as king"
Ezk 1:3the hand of Yahweh was upon himThe word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. A person with his hand on another person has power over that other person. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh was controlling him"
Ezk 1:24Like the voice of the AlmightyThe Bible sometimes refers to thunder as "the voice of the Almighty." Alternate Translation: "It sounded like the voice of the Almighty God" or "It sounded like the thunder of the Almighty"
Ezk 1:28I heard a voice speakingThe word "voice" is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "I heard someone speaking" or "Someone spoke, and I heard his voice"
Ezk 2:5houseThis is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. Alternate Translation: "people group"
Ezk 2:6be dismayed by their facesThe words "their faces" are a metonym for the message the people express with their faces. Alternate Translation: "lose your desire to serve me because of the way they look at you"
Ezk 2:8houseThis is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](./05.md). Alternate Translation: "people group"
Ezk 3:1the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 3:4the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](./01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 3:8I have made ... your brow as hard as their browsThe "brow" is the forehead or eyebrow and is a metonym for what the person thinks. Alternate Translation: "I have made ... you strong so you will not stop doing what you are doing"
Ezk 3:9houseThis is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "people group"
Ezk 3:10take them into your heart and hear them with your earsHere "heart" represents a person's mind. Alternate Translation: "remember them and listen carefully"
Ezk 3:14the hand of YahwehPossible meanings are 1) the word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. Alternate Translation: "the power of Yahweh" or 2) Ezekiel knew that Yahweh was angry with him because he was not obeying Yahweh by speaking to the Israelite exiles.
Ezk 3:17the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](./01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 3:22the hand of YahwehThe word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. Alternate Translation: "the power of Yahweh"
Ezk 3:26houseThis is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "people group"
Ezk 4:3set your faceHere "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set your face" refers to literally staring at something.
Ezk 4:3the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 4:4the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 4:6the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Judah people group" or "the people of Judah"
Ezk 4:7Set your faceHere "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze. "Set your face" refers to literally staring at something.
Ezk 4:16rationing it in tremblingThe word "shaking" is a metaphor for being afraid and "trembling" represents fear. Alternate Translation: "rationing it while shaking" or "rationing it in fear"
Ezk 5:2I will draw out a sword to chase after the peopleThe word "sword" is a metonym for enemy soldiers who will attack with their swords, and to "draw out a sword" is to send the soldiers into battle. Alternate Translation: "I will cause their enemies to pursue them and attack them with swords"
Ezk 5:4the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 5:13I will cause my fury toward them to restThe word "fury" means violent anger, and here it is a metonym for punishment. "I will stop punishing them because I will have punished them fully."
Ezk 5:16will send out harsh arrows of famine against youThe word "arrows" is a metonym for the sharp pains that people feel when they have had no food for a long time. Alternate Translation: "will make you feel the pain of intense hunger"
Ezk 6:2set your faceHere "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze.
Ezk 6:3I am bringing a sword against youThe word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate Translation: "I am bringing soldiers to come and kill you"
Ezk 6:8some who escape the swordThe word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate Translation: "some whom the soldiers do not kill"
Ezk 6:11the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 7:2to the land of IsraelThe word "land" is a metonym for the people who live on the land. Alternate Translation: "to the people of Israel"
Ezk 7:7the mountains will no longer be joyfulThe word "mountains" is a metonym for the people who live on the mountains. Alternate Translation: "the people on the mountains will not have any more joy"
Ezk 7:21I will give those things into the hand of strangersThe word "hand" is used to refer to control. "I will give those idols into the control of people they do not know" or "I will give those idols to people they do not know"
Ezk 7:23the land is filled with the judgment of bloodPossible meanings are 1) "everywhere in the country God is judging people because they violently killed others" or 2) "the courts everywhere in the country are murdering people." The word "blood" here represents murder and death.
Ezk 8:6the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 8:10the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 8:12the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 8:17house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Judah people group" or "the people of Judah"
Ezk 9:7attacked the cityThe word "city" is a metonym for the people in the city. Alternate Translation: "attacked the people in the city"
Ezk 9:9the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 11:5house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "Israelites" or "Israelite people group"
Ezk 11:9put you into the hands of foreignersHere the metonym "hands" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "put you into the power of foreigners" or "enable foreigners to capture you"
Ezk 11:10You will fall by the swordThe word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate Translation: "They will kill you with their swords" or "You will die in battle"
Ezk 11:15the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family, in this case the Israelites who are the descendants of Jacob. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Ezk 11:19I will give them one heartHere the metonym "heart" represents the will and emotions. Yahweh speaks of causing all of the people to share the same new emotions as if he were giving them one heart.
Ezk 11:19I will put a new spirit within themHere the metonym "spirit" represents the thoughts and disposition. Yahweh speaks of causing the people to think new thoughts as if he were giving them a new spirit.
Ezk 11:21I will bring their conduct on their own headsHere the metonym "conduct" represents the consequences of their actions. The idiom "bring ... on their own heads" means they will experience these consequences. Alternate Translation: "I will cause them to suffer the consequences of their actions"
Ezk 12:2a rebellious houseThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "a rebellious people"
Ezk 12:3a rebellious houseThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "a rebellious people"
Ezk 12:6house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 12:9the house of Israel, that rebellious houseThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. Translate "rebellious house" as in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel, that rebellious people"
Ezk 12:14I will send out a sword after themThe word "sword" is a metonym for enemy armies who will attack with their swords. Alternate Translation: "I will send armies to pursue them with swords"
Ezk 12:14I will spare ... from the sword, famine, and plagueThe word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. You may need to make explicit that they will not die from famine or plague. Alternate Translation: "I will keep ... from dying in battle, from starving to death, and from dying of disease"
Ezk 12:16I will spare ... from the sword, famine, and plagueThe word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. You may need to make explicit that they will not die from famine or plague. Alternate Translation: "I will keep ... from dying in battle, from starving to death, and from dying of disease"
Ezk 12:24house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 12:25rebellious houseThis is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "rebellious people"
Ezk 12:27house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 13:5the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 13:9My hand will be against the prophetsHere the word "hand" represents Yahweh's power. That his hand will be against them is a metaphor that means that he will punish them with his power. Alternate Translation: "I will punish the prophets"
Ezk 13:9the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 13:17set your face againstHere "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set your face" represents staring. Alternate Translation: "stare at"
Ezk 13:21rescue my people from your handHere the word "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "rescue my people from your power"
Ezk 13:21they will no longer be trapped in your handsHere the word "hand" represents power or control. Yahweh speaks of the people being in the control of these women as if the women had trapped them with their hands. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "you will no longer trap them like prey in your hands" or "you will no longer control them with your power"
Ezk 13:23I will rescue my people out of your handHere the word "hand" represents power or control. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 13:21](./21.md). Alternate Translation: "I will rescue my people from your power"
Ezk 14:4the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 14:5I may take back the house of Israel in their heartsHere the word "hearts" represents the minds and affections of the people. Yahweh speaks of causing them to be devoted to him once again as if he were to capture their hearts. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the people of Israel to be devoted to me again"
Ezk 14:5their hearts that have been driven far from me through their idolsHere the word "hearts" represents the minds and affections of the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "who have all left me to worship their idols"
Ezk 14:6the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 14:7the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 14:8set my faceHere "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set my face" refers to staring. Alternate Translation: "stare"
Ezk 14:9I will reach out with my hand against himGod's "hand" refers to what he does. Alternate Translation: "I will work against him"
Ezk 14:10They will carry their own iniquityHere the word "iniquity" represents the guilt that people incur for committing iniquity. Yahweh speaks of people suffering the consequences of their iniquity as if they were carrying the iniquity. Alternate Translation: "They will suffer the consequences of their own iniquity"
Ezk 14:11house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 14:13when a land sins against meHere the word "land" represents the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "when the people who live in a land sin against me"
Ezk 14:17Sword, go through the landHere the word "sword" represents the soldiers of an enemy army who attack with swords. Alternate Translation: "Army, go through the land"
Ezk 15:7set my faceHere "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set my face" refers to staring. Alternate Translation: "stare"
Ezk 16:27I will strike you with my handHere "hand" represents power. Alternate Translation: "I will use my power to strike you"
Ezk 16:30How sick is your heartHere the word "heart" represents the will and emotions. Yahweh speaks of her inability to control her desires as if her heart were sick. Alternate Translation: "How weak-willed are you"
Ezk 16:38the shedding of bloodThis phrase represents murder in any form. Alternate Translation: "murder"
Ezk 16:38I will bring on you the bloodshed of my anger and passionHere "bloodshed" represents murder in any form. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh speaks of punishing her for murder as if he were bringing bloodshed upon her. Alternate Translation: "In my anger and passion, I will punish you for committing murder" or 2) Yahweh speaks of putting her to death as if he were bringing bloodshed upon her. Alternate Translation: "In my anger and passion, I will shed your blood"
Ezk 16:39I will give you into their handsHere "hands" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "I will place you in their control" or "I will allow them to have power over you"
Ezk 16:42I will calm my fury against you; my anger will leave youThe words "fury" and "anger" refer to the punishment that Yahweh inflicts because he is angry. The two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate Translation: "I will stop punishing you because I will no longer be angry with you"
Ezk 17:2the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 17:12the rebellious houseThis is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "the rebellious people"
Ezk 17:14the land will surviveHere the word "land" represents the kingdom of Judah and the people in it. Alternate Translation: "the kingdom will continue to exist"
Ezk 17:21All of his refugees ... armies will fall by the swordThe word "fall" is a euphemism for "die." Here the word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people with swords. Alternate Translation: "Soldiers will kill all his refugees ... armies"
Ezk 18:2land of IsraelThis refers to the people of Israel.
Ezk 18:6the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 18:10who sheds bloodThis phrase represents murder in any form. Alternate Translation: "who murders"
Ezk 18:13his blood will be on himHere the word "blood" represents death. For blood to be on a person is an idiom that means the person is responsible for that death. Alternate Translation: "he will be responsible for his own death"
Ezk 18:15the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 18:25house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 18:29house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 18:30stumbling blocks of iniquity against youPossible meanings are 1) the stumbling blocks cause the person to commit more iniquity. Alternate Translation: "stumbling blocks that cause you to commit more iniquity" or 2) The word "iniquity" is a metonym for the punishment that a person receives for his iniquity. Alternate Translation: "stumbling blocks that lead to your punishment"
Ezk 18:31make for yourselves a new heart and a new spiritHere the word "heart" represents the will and emotions and the word "spirit" represents the thoughts and disposition. Yahweh speaks of the people having new emotions and thoughts as if they were making a new heart and spirit for themselves. Alternate Translation: "get for yourselves new emotions and a new way of thinking"
Ezk 18:31house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 19:10a vine planted in your bloodPossible meanings are that "blood" represents 1) the violence of the kings of Judah who had murdered people. Alternate Translation: "a vine planted by means of violence" or 2) The plentiful wine of Judah which had become a symbol of prosperity. Alternate Translation: "a vine planted in your prosperity"
Ezk 20:5the house of JacobThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Jacob over many years. Translate "the house of" as in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Jacob"
Ezk 20:9for my name's sakeHere the word "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "for the sake of my reputation"
Ezk 20:9the nationsThe word "nations" is a metonym for the people who live in the nations. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in other nations"
Ezk 20:14I acted for my name's sakeHere the word "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:9](./09.md). Alternate Translation: "I acted for the sake of my reputation"
Ezk 20:14in the eyes of the nationsHere the "nations" refer to the people who live in those places. The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:9](./09.md). Alternate Translation: "in the thoughts of the people in other nations"
Ezk 20:16their hearts walked after their idolsHere the word "heart" represents the person's thoughts and emotions. Yahweh speaks of being dedicated to idols as if a person's heart walked after them. Alternate Translation: "they were dedicated to worshiping their idols"
Ezk 20:22for my name's sakeHere the word "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "for the sake of my reputation"
Ezk 20:22in the eyes of the nationsHere the "nations" refer to the people who live in those places. The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate Translation: "in the thoughts of the people in other nations"
Ezk 20:33with a mighty hand, a raised armThe words "hand" and "arm" both represent power. Alternate Translation: "with very great power"
Ezk 20:39house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 20:39profane my holy nameHere the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "dishonor me"
Ezk 20:44because of my name's sakeHere the word "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "because of my reputation"
Ezk 20:46set your faceHere "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set your face" represents staring. Alternate Translation: "stare"
Ezk 20:48all flesh will seeHere the word "flesh" represents all humans. The idiom to "see" means to understand. Alternate Translation: "all people will understand"
Ezk 21:4all fleshHere "flesh" is a metonym for "people." Alternate Translation: "all people"
Ezk 21:10in my son's scepterHere Yahweh refers to the king of Judah as his son. The king's scepter represents his rule as king. It is important to maintain the image of the king's scepter here, as the words "every such rod" refer to the scepter. Alternate Translation: "in the king's scepter" or "in the power that the king's scepter represents"
Ezk 21:13the scepterHere the king of Judah is represented by his scepter. Alternate Translation: "the king"
Ezk 21:15to multiply their fallenHere "fallen" refers to the people killed in battle. This means there will be a greater number of people killed. Alternate Translation: "to kill many people among them"
Ezk 21:19the sword of the king of BabylonThe word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate Translation: "the soldiers of the king of Babylon" or "the Babylonian army"
Ezk 21:22In his right hand will be an omen about JerusalemThis means the he will hold one of the articles of his divination that was read as an omen against Jerusalem in his right hand. Alternate Translation: "In his right hand will be an article of divination with an omen against Jerusalem"
Ezk 21:27It will not be restoredHere the crown represents the position of king. The kingship will not be restored until the Messiah comes. Alternate Translation: "There will no longer be a king"
Ezk 21:31the hand of cruel menThe "hand" of the men refers to their control. Alternate Translation: "the control of cruel men"
Ezk 22:2the city of bloodThe word "blood" is a metonym for murder. Alternate Translation: "the city where many people murder their neighbors"
Ezk 22:3This is a city that pours ... her midstHere the "city" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people who live in this city pour ... its midst"
Ezk 22:15the nationsHere the "nations" refer to the people who live in those places. Alternate Translation: "the people in other nations"
Ezk 22:18the house of Israel hasThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites have" or "the Israelite people group has"
Ezk 22:30for the land so I would not destroy itHere the "land" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "for the people so that I would not destroy them"
Ezk 23:9I gave her into the hand of her lovers, into the hand of the AssyriansThe word "hand" refers to power or control. The two phrases have the same meaning and the second phrase explains that "her lovers" were "the Assyrians." Alternate Translation: "I gave her over to her lovers, the Assyrians"
Ezk 23:24They will set large shields, small shields, and helmets against you all aroundThese defensive items are used to refer to various types of soldiers. Alternate Translation: "Soldiers will attack you on all sides carrying large shields, small shields, and wearing helmets"
Ezk 23:27you will think of Egypt no longerHere "Egypt" represents the shameful things that she did in Egypt. Alternate Translation: "you will think about the things you did in Egypt no longer" or "you will not think about what you did in Egypt any more"
Ezk 23:28into the handHere the word "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "into the control"
Ezk 23:30acting like a prostitute, lusting after nationsEzekiel speaks of Oholibah, who represents Judah ([Ezekiel 23:4](./04.md)), as if she were a prostitute sleeping with the men of many nations for money. He wants the people of Judah to understand that Yahweh to punish them because they were worshiping the idols of other nations so they could get those nations' wealth and power. Alternate Translation: "acting like a prostitute, lusting after men of other nations"
Ezk 23:32You will drink your sister's cupHere Yahweh speaks of punishment as if it were a cup of wine the woman drank. Alternate Translation: "You will drink the same cup of punishment as your sister"
Ezk 23:32your sister's cup that isHere the "cup" represents what is in the cup. Alternate Translation: "from your sister's cup that is" or "all that is in your sister's cup, and her cup is"
Ezk 23:42So the sound of a noisy crowd was around herThe sound of the crowd is used to refer to the crowd of people. Alternate Translation: "So there was a noisy crowd around her"
Ezk 24:2the king of Babylon has besiegedThe army of Babylon is referred to by its leader. Alternate Translation: "the army of the king of Babylon has besieged"
Ezk 24:3this rebellious houseThis is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "this rebellious people"
Ezk 24:6the city of bloodHere "blood" is a reference to "murder." Alternate Translation: "the city of murderers"
Ezk 24:9the city of bloodHere "blood" is a reference to "murder." Alternate Translation: "the city of murderers"
Ezk 24:13until I have satisfied my fury upon you.This speaks of Yahweh punishing the people in his anger as if it were his "fury" that were punishing them. Alternate Translation: "until I am finished punishing you and am no longer furious with you" or "until I have punished you and I am longer angry with you"
Ezk 24:21the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 24:21the pride of your powerThis describes the temple as the building that the people are proud of. This speaks of it as being their "pride" instead of the source of their pride. Alternate Translation: "the building that you are proud of" or "the source of your strong pride"
Ezk 24:21your sons and your daughters ... will fall by the swordThis refers to their enemies by their swords. Alternate Translation: "your sons and daughters ... will be killed in war" or "your enemies will kill your sons and your daughters ... with their swords"
Ezk 25:3the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Judah people group" or "the people of Judah"
Ezk 25:5the people of Ammon a field for flocksHere the phrase "the people of Ammon" refers to the land that belonged to the people of Ammon. Also, the understood information at the beginning of this phrase may be supplied. Alternate Translation: "I will make the rest of the land of Ammon a field for flocks"
Ezk 25:6all the contempt within you against the land of IsraelHere the phrase "the land of Israel" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "all of the hatred you feel towards the people who live in Israel"
Ezk 25:7give you as plunder to the nationsThe word "you" refers to the people of Ammon but is also a metonym for their land and their possessions. Alternate Translation: "I will allow enemies to defeat you and take you, your land, and your possessions as plunder"
Ezk 25:8Moab and SeirThese places refer to the people who live in them. Alternate Translation: "the people of Moab and Seir"
Ezk 25:8The house of Judah isThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "The Judah people group are" or "The people of Judah are"
Ezk 25:12Edom has takenHere "Edom" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people of Edom have taken"
Ezk 25:12the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Judah people group" or "the people of Judah"
Ezk 25:13They will fall by the swordThe word "fall" represents being killed and the word "sword" refers to their enemies who will kill them in battle. Alternate Translation: "Their enemies will kill them with their swords"
Ezk 25:14I will lay my vengeance upon Edom by the hand of my people IsraelHere the "hand" of Israel is a metonym for Israel's army. Yahweh speaks of taking revenge on the people of Edom as if his vengeance were like a sheet that he covered them with. The abstract noun "vengeance" can be translated with the verb "to punish." Alternate Translation: "I will use my people Israel to punish the people of Edom"
Ezk 25:15to destroy JudahHere "Judah" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "to destroy the people of Judah"
Ezk 25:16I will reach out with my hand against the PhilistinesHere Yahweh's power is represented by his "hand." Alternate Translation: "I will turn my powerful hand against the Philistines" or "I will turn my great power against the Philistines"
Ezk 26:2Tyre has said against JerusalemHere the city names "Tyre" and "Jerusalem" represent the people of those cities. Alternate Translation: "the people of Tyre have said against the people of Jerusalem"
Ezk 26:2I will be filled upHere to be "filled up" represents being prosperous. Alternate Translation: "I will become prosperous"
Ezk 26:3I will raise up many nations against you like the sea raises its wavesHere the word "nations" refers to their armies. Alternate Translation: "I will gather armies from many nations that will beat against you like the waves in the raging sea"
Ezk 26:5a place for nets to dry out in the midst of the seaPart of Tyre was an island. This expression is a metonym for the results of Tyre's destruction. Alternate Translation: "an empty island used for drying fishing nets" or "a deserted island where people dry out their fishing nets"
Ezk 26:5she will become plunder for the nationsPlunder means things that people steal or take by force. Here Tyre becoming plunder represents its wealth being carried off by other nations. Alternate Translation: "the armies of the nations will take away every valuable thing from Tyre"
Ezk 26:6Her daughters who are in the fieldsPossible meanings are 1) "Her daughters" were the young women of Tyre who were working in the fields or 2) "Her daughters" is a metonym for nearby towns and villages on the mainland that supported the main city of Tyre. Alternate Translation: "Her daughter communities who are on the mainland"
Ezk 26:8He will killHere the word "He" refers to Nebuchadnezzar and is a metonym for his army. Alternate Translation: "His army will kill"
Ezk 26:8your daughters in the fieldPossible meanings are 1) "your daughters" refers to the young women of Tyre who were working in the fields or 2) "your daughters" is a metonym for nearby towns and villages on the mainland that supported the main city of Tyre. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 26:6](./06.md). Alternate Translation: "your daughter communities who are on the mainland"
Ezk 26:9General Information:The words "he" and "his" in these verses refer to Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, and represent the soldiers in Nebuchadnezzar's army doing these actions. The word "your" refers to the city of Tyre.
Ezk 26:9He will place his battering rams to hit against your walls, and his tools will tear down your towersAlthough the battering rams and tools are spoken of as acting against the walls and towers of Tyre, they would have been used by the soldiers in Nebuchadnezzar's army against the walls and towers.
Ezk 26:15Will not the islands quakeHere "the islands" represents the people living on the islands. Alternate Translation: "Will not the people of the islands quake with fear"
Ezk 26:18Now the coasts trembleHere "the coasts" represents the people living there. Alternate Translation: "Now the people of the coastlands tremble"
Ezk 26:18The islands in the sea are terrifiedHere "the islands in the sea" represents the people living there. Alternate Translation: "The people of the islands are terrified"
Ezk 26:20the pitThis refers to the grave. Because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world.
Ezk 27:3say to TyreHere the word "Tyre" represents the people living in Tyre. Alternate Translation: "say to the people of Tyre"
Ezk 27:3Tyre, you have saidHere the word "Tyre" represents the people living in Tyre. Alternate Translation: "People of Tyre, you have said"
Ezk 27:15Merchandise was in your handHaving things in the hands here is probably a metaphor for carrying those things or having them in their possession. Alternate Translation: "You owned things that you sold to them"
Ezk 27:16Aram was a dealerHere "Aram" refers to the people of Aram. Alternate Translation: "The people of Aram were dealers"
Ezk 27:17Judah and the land of Israel were trading with youHere "Judah and the land of Israel" refers to the people of those places. Alternate Translation: "The people of Judah and Israel were trading with you"
Ezk 27:19Dan and JavanThis is a metonym for the people of Dan and Javan. Alternate Translation: "The people of Dan and Javan"
Ezk 27:20Dedan wasThis is a metonym for the people of Dedan. Alternate Translation: "The people of Dedan were"
Ezk 27:21ArabiaThis is a metonym for the people of Arabia. Alternate Translation: "The people of Arabia" or "The Arabians"
Ezk 27:23Haran, Kanneh, and Eden were traders with you, along with Sheba, Ashur, and KilmadThis refers to the people from these places. Alternate Translation: "The people of Haran, Kanneh, and Eden were traders with you, along with the people of Sheba, Ashur, and Kilmad"
Ezk 27:28Cities at the sea will trembleHere "Cities at the sea" represents the people in those cities. Alternate Translation: "The people of the cities by the sea will tremble"
Ezk 27:35Their faces trembledHere "faces" represents the whole person. Alternate Translation: "They appear to be trembling"
Ezk 28:2Your heart is arrogantHere "heart" represents the will or thoughts of the ruler of Tyre. Alternate Translation: "You are arrogant"
Ezk 28:2you make your heart like the heart of a godHere "heart" represents the mind or thinking. A god thinks of himself as better than people. Alternate Translation: "you think that you have the mind of a god" or "you have allowed yourself to think that you are better than other people"
Ezk 28:5your heart is arrogantHere "heart" represents the will or thoughts of the ruler of Tyre. Alternate Translation: "you are arrogant"
Ezk 28:6you have made your heart like the heart of a godHere "heart" represents the mind or thinking. A god thinks of himself as better than people. See how you translated the similar phrase in [Ezekiel 28:2](./02.md).
Ezk 28:8down to the pitHere "the pit" refers to the grave or to hell. Alternate Translation: "down to the grave"
Ezk 28:10by the hand of foreignersHere "hand" is a metonym for the actions of the foreigners' army. Alternate Translation: "by an army of foreigners"
Ezk 28:23When the sword comes against youHere "sword" is a metonym for an attacking enemy army. Alternate Translation: "When enemy armies attack you"
Ezk 28:24the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 28:25the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 28:25my servant JacobHere "Jacob" represents the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of my servant Jacob"
Ezk 29:8I will bring a sword against youHere "sword" is a metonym for battle, and "bring a sword against you" is a metaphor for causing an enemy army to come fight against Egypt. Alternate Translation: "I will cause your enemies to come fight against you"
Ezk 29:10you will become a wastelandHere "you" refers to Pharaoh and represents Egypt, the country he rules over. Alternate Translation: "your country will become a wasteland"
Ezk 29:12I will scatter Egypt among the nationsHere "Egypt" represents the people of Egypt, and "scatter" represents causing them to move to other places. Alternate Translation: "I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations" or "I will make the people of Egypt go and live among the nations"
Ezk 29:13I will gather EgyptHere "Egypt" is a metonym for the people of Egypt, and "gather" is a metaphor for causing them to return to Egypt. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the people of Egypt to return to Egypt"
Ezk 29:16the house of IsraelHere "house" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel" or "the nation of Israel"
Ezk 29:16when they turned to Egypt for helpHere "turn ... for help" is a metonym for "ask ... for help." Alternate Translation: "whenever they asked Egypt to help them"
Ezk 29:21I will make a horn sprout up for the house of IsraelAn animal horn represents the animal's strength, so horn is a metonym for strength. God speaks of making Israel strong as if Israel were an animal, and he were to cause its horn to grow. Alternate Translation: "I will make the people of Israel strong"
Ezk 29:21the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Here it refers to the people of Israel, the descendants of Jacob whom God called Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel" or "the nation of Israel"
Ezk 30:4Then a sword will come against EgyptThe word "sword" here represents war or an army that attacks. Alternate Translation: "There will be war against Egypt" or "An enemy army will attack Egypt"
Ezk 30:5Cush and Put, Lydia and all Arabia, and LibyaThese names refer to the people of these countries. Alternate Translation: "The people of Cush and Put, Libya, and all Arabia, and Lydia"
Ezk 30:5will all fall by the swordHere the sword represents battle. Alternate Translation: "will all die in battle" or "will all die in the war"
Ezk 30:8when I set fire in EgyptHere "set fire in Egypt" represents sending an army to attack Egypt and set fires. Alternate Translation: "when I send an army to burn Egypt with fire"
Ezk 30:11they will draw out their swords against EgyptHere "draw out their swords" represents fighting with their swords. Alternate Translation: "they will use their swords and fight against Egypt"
Ezk 30:16Pelusium will be in great agonyHere "Pelusium" is a metonym for the people of the city near Pelusium, and "be in great agony" can be translated with the verb "suffer." Alternate Translation: "The people of Pelusium will suffer terribly" or "The people of Pelusium will feel terrible pain"
Ezk 30:16Memphis will face enemies every dayHere "face enemies" represents seeing or having enemies. The name of the city is a metonym for the people who live in the city. Alternate Translation: "The people of Memphis will have enemies every day" or "Enemies will fight against the people of Memphis every day"
Ezk 30:17will fall by the swordThe word "sword" is used here to refer to a battle or war. Alternate Translation: "will die in battle" or "will die in the war"
Ezk 30:17their cities will go into captivityHere "cities" represents the people of the cities. The abstract noun "captivity" can be expressed with the more concrete noun "captive" or the verb "capture" Alternate Translation: "the people of their cities will become captives" or "their enemies will capture their people and take them away"
Ezk 30:25For I will strengthen the arms of the king of BabylonHere "arms" are a metonym for the army. Alternate Translation: "I will make the army of the king of Babylon strong"
Ezk 30:25while Pharaoh's arms will fallHere "Pharaoh's arms" is a metonym for his army, and "will fall" represents being weak. Alternate Translation: "but Pharaoh's army will be unable to defeat enemies"
Ezk 31:6All of the many nations lived under its shadeAll of the great nations lived in the shade of that tree. Here "nations" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people from all the nations lived in the shade of that tree"
Ezk 31:11I have given it into the hand of a mighty one of the nationsThe word "hand" represents control. Alternate Translation: "I put it in the power of the strongest nation" or "I gave the strongest nation power over it"
Ezk 31:14the pitThis refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 26:20](../26/20.md).
Ezk 31:17These were its strong armThese trees of Lebanon were its strong arm. The phrase "strong arm" represents "power." Alternate Translation: "These trees of Lebanon were the power of the cedar" or "These trees strengthened the cedar"
Ezk 32:9I will terrify the heart of many peoplesHere "heart" represents the people's emotions. Alternate Translation: "I will make the hearts of many peoples afraid" or "I will cause many people to be terrified"
Ezk 32:10when I swing my swordHere swinging a sword represents using the sword. Alternate Translation: "when I use my sword"
Ezk 32:11The sword of the king of Babylon will come against youHere "sword" represents an army. Alternate Translation: "The army of the king of Babylon will attack you"
Ezk 32:13the hooves of cattle stir themThe hoof is a synecdoche for cattle. Alternate Translation: "cattle stir them with their hooves"
Ezk 32:15when I attack all the inhabitants in herHere the idea of attacking represents destroying. Alternate Translation: "when I destroy all who live in her"
Ezk 32:18the pitThe pit refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 31:16](../31/16.md).
Ezk 32:20The sword has been drawn!The word "sword" here is a metonym for war that people fight with swords. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "War has begun"
Ezk 32:22all of them were killed by the swordThe word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who use swords to kill people. This can be put in active form. Alternate Translation: "Soldiers used swords to kill them all"
Ezk 32:23are set in the recesses of the pitThe pit refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:18](./18.md).
Ezk 32:23the land of the livingThis represents the people who were alive.
Ezk 32:24Elam is thereHere "Elam" refers to the people of that country. Alternate Translation: "The people of Elam are also there in Sheol"
Ezk 32:24by the swordHere "the sword" is a metonym for soldiers who use swords to kill people. Alternate Translation: "in battle"
Ezk 32:24the land of the livingThis represents the people who were alive. See how you translated "the land of the living" in [Ezekiel 32:23](./23.md).
Ezk 32:24the pitThe pit refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:23](./23.md).
Ezk 32:25pierced by the sword, becauseThe word "pierced" here is a metonym for "killed." This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "their enemies have killed them with swords because"
Ezk 32:26killed by the swordHere "the sword" represents warfare. Alternate Translation: "killed in battle"
Ezk 32:28those who were piercedThe word "pierced" here is a metonym for "killed." This can be translated in active form. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:25](./25.md). Alternate Translation: "those whose enemies have killed them"
Ezk 32:28by the swordThis represents being in warfare. Alternate Translation: "in battle"
Ezk 32:29Edom is there with her kings and all her leadersHere "Edom" represents all the people of Edom. Alternate Translation: "the people of Edom are in Sheol with their kings and all their leaders"
Ezk 32:29the pitThe pit refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:25](./25.md).
Ezk 32:30had been piercedThe word "pierced" here is a metonym for "killed." This can be translated in active form. See how you translated similar words in [Ezekiel 32:25](./25.md). Alternate Translation: "whom enemies had killed with swords"
Ezk 32:30by the swordThis represents being in warfare. Alternate Translation: "in battle"
Ezk 33:2a sword against any landThe word "sword" refers to an enemy army that attacks. Also, "land" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "an army to attack the people of any land"
Ezk 33:3He looks for the swordHere "sword" represents an enemy army. Alternate Translation: "He looks for an enemy army"
Ezk 33:4each one's blood is on his own headHere "blood" represents death. The phrase "on his own head" is an idiom that means the person will be held responsible. Alternate Translation: "it is their own fault if they die"
Ezk 33:6the sword as it is comingThe word "sword" refers to an enemy army. Alternate Translation: "the enemy army as it is coming"
Ezk 33:6the sword comes and takes anyone's lifeHere "sword" represents an enemy army. Alternate Translation: "the enemy army comes and kills anyone"
Ezk 33:6I will require his blood from the watchmanHere "blood" represents a person's death. The phrase "I will require his blood from" is an idiom that means to consider someone responsible. Alternate Translation: "I will consider that person's death to be the fault of the watchman"
Ezk 33:7the house of IsraelHere "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Ezk 33:7you will hear the words from my mouth and warn them on my behalfHere "mouth" represents what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "you will hear the message that I speak and you will warn them on my behalf"
Ezk 33:8I will require his blood from your handHere "blood" represents a person's death. The phrase "require ... from your hand" is an idiom that means to consider someone responsible. Alternate Translation: "I will consider you responsible for his death"
Ezk 33:10the house of IsraelHere "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Ezk 33:20house of IsraelHere "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "people of Israel"
Ezk 33:22The hand of Yahweh had been on meThe word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. A person with his hand on another person has power over that person. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate Translation: "Yahweh was controlling me"
Ezk 33:25you pour out people's bloodHere "blood" represents a person's life. To pour out blood is an idiom that means to murder. Alternate Translation: "you murder people"
Ezk 33:26You have depended on your swordsHere "swords" represent doing violent things. Alternate Translation: "You have committed violent acts with your swords to get what you want"
Ezk 33:28the pride of its might will endThe word "it" refers to the land, which refers to the people of the land. Alternate Translation: "the people of the land will not be proud anymore that they are strong"
Ezk 33:31Right words are in their mouths, but their hearts are going after unjust profitHere "mouths" represent speaking. Possible meanings are 1) Alternate Translation: "They speak about loving me, but their hearts are going after unjust profit" or 2) Alternate Translation: "They speak about the things they lust after, and their hearts are going after unjust profit"
Ezk 33:31their hearts are going after unjust profitHere "hearts" represents desire. Alternate Translation: "in their hearts they want to get their unjust profit" or "they desire to get things in ways that are not just"
Ezk 33:32you are like a lovely song to themHere "you" refers to Ezekiel, and here he represents the message he speaks. This compares Ezekiel's message to a lovely song, which means the people enjoy listening to him, but they do not think his message is important enough to obey. Alternate Translation: "they think that your words are like a lovely song"
Ezk 34:10from their mouthsHere "mouths" represent eating. Alternate Translation: "so they cannot eat them"
Ezk 34:23my servant DavidHere "David" refers to a descendant of David. Alternate Translation: "a descendant of my servant David"
Ezk 34:27from the hand of those who enslaved themHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from the control of those who made them slaves" or "from those who made them slaves"
Ezk 34:28They will no longer be plunder for the nationsHere "nations" represents the people of the nations. Alternate Translation: "The people of the nations will no longer steal from them"
Ezk 34:29they will not bear the scorn of the nationsHere "nations" represents the people of the nations. The abstract noun "scorn" can be stated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "they will no longer hear the people of the nations insult them"
Ezk 35:3I will strike you with my handHere "hand" represents power. Alternate Translation: "I will use my power to strike you"
Ezk 35:6I will prepare you for bloodshedHere "bloodshed" is a metonym for killing. Alternate Translation: "I will make it easy for your enemies to kill many of you"
Ezk 35:6Since you did not hate bloodshedHere "bloodshed" is a metonym for killing. Alternate Translation: "Since you did not hate it when enemies brutally killed the people of Israel"
Ezk 35:14the entire earth rejoicesHere "earth" represents the people of the earth. The word "entire" is a generalization that refers only to people near Mount Seir. Alternate Translation: "people who know that I have destroyed you rejoice"
Ezk 36:5had both joy in their heart and disdain in their spirit, as they seized my landHere "heart" and "spirit" represent a person's inner being. The ideas of having joy and disdain can be expressed with the verbs "rejoiced" and "despised." Alternate Translation: "who despised the people of Israel and rejoiced while they took my land"
Ezk 36:10even the whole house of IsraelHere "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "all of the people of Israel"
Ezk 36:17the house of IsraelHere "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Ezk 36:20they profaned my holy nameHere "name" represents Yahweh and his reputation. Alternate Translation: "they mocked me"
Ezk 36:21But I had compassion for my holy name that the house of Israel had defiled among the nations, when they went thereHere "name" represents Yahweh and his reputation. Alternate Translation: "When the house of Israel went among the nations, they caused me disgrace, but I wanted people to know that I am holy"
Ezk 36:21the house of IsraelHere "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Ezk 36:22the house of IsraelHere "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Ezk 36:22but for my holy name, which you have profaned among the nations everywhere you have goneHere "name" represents Yahweh and his reputation. Alternate Translation: "but so that the people of the nations, who mock me because of you, will know that I am holy"
Ezk 36:32house of IsraelHere "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "people of Israel"
Ezk 36:34before the eyes of all who pass byThe eyes represent sight. Alternate Translation: "to those who pass by and see it"
Ezk 36:37I will be asked by the house of IsraelHere "house" represents people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The people of Israel will ask me"
Ezk 37:1The hand of Yahweh was upon meThe word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. A person with his hand on another person has power over that other person. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate Translation: "Yahweh was controlling me"
Ezk 37:11the entire house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md).
Ezk 37:19the branch of Josephthe stick of Joseph. This represents the kingdom of Israel.
Ezk 37:19that is in the hand of EphraimThe word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "that is in the power of Ephraim" or "that the tribe of Ephraim rules over"
Ezk 37:19the branch of Judahthe stick of Judah. This represents the kingdom of Judah.
Ezk 37:24David my servantYahweh said "David" to refer to a descendant of David. See how you translated "my servant David" in [Ezekiel 34:23](../34/23.md). Alternate Translation: "A descendant of my servant David"
Ezk 38:2set your faceHere "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set your face" represents staring. Alternate Translation: "stare"
Ezk 38:8recovered from the swordHere the "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "recovered from war"
Ezk 38:10plans will form in your heartHere "heart" refers to his thinking. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "you will think of plans"
Ezk 38:12bring my handHere "hand" refers to Gog's military power.
Ezk 38:12against the ruinsHere "ruins" refers to the people who live in the destroyed cities. Alternate Translation: "against the people who live in the ruins"
Ezk 38:17by the hand of my servantsHere "hand" refers to the fact that these prophets wrote down Yahweh's message. Alternate Translation: "by means of my servants" or "through my servants"
Ezk 38:21I will summon a sword against himThe word "sword" here is a metonym for soldiers who use swords to kill people. Alternate Translation: "I will cause soldiers to attack him"
Ezk 38:21each man's sword will be against his brotherHere "sword" is a metonym for the person who uses the sword to fight. Alternate Translation: "all of his soldiers will fight each other"
Ezk 38:22I will judge him by plague and bloodHere "blood" is a metonym for injury and death. Alternate Translation: "I will judge him by causing him to be sick and by sending soldiers to kill him"
Ezk 38:23I will make myself known in the eyes of the many nationsHere "eyes" refers to sight, which is a metonym for understanding. Alternate Translation: "I will cause many nations to understand who I am"
Ezk 39:6I will send out fire on MagogPossible meanings are 1) Yahweh will send literal fire down on Gog and his army or 2) "fire" is a metonym for the destruction that it causes.
Ezk 39:7I will make my holy name known in the midst of my people IsraelHere the metonym "my holy name" refers to Yahweh's character. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will make my people, Israel, know that I am holy"
Ezk 39:12the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 39:20chariotThe metonym "chariot" refers to the men in the chariots. Alternate Translation: "chariot driver"
Ezk 39:21my handHere the metonym "hand" refers to Yahweh's power that he uses to bring punishment.
Ezk 39:22The house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 39:23the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 39:23gave them into the hand of their adversariesHere the metonym "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "gave their enemies power over them"
Ezk 39:23all of them fell by the swordHere falling represents being killed, and the sword represents battle. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md). Alternate Translation: "their enemies killed them all in battle"
Ezk 39:25the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 39:27I will show myself to be holy in the sight of many nationsHere "sight" is a metonym for understanding. Alternate Translation: "many nations will understand that I am holy because of what I did for the house of Israel"
Ezk 39:29the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 40:4the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 44:6the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 44:12the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 44:22the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 45:17the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 47:13Joseph will have two portionsThe person is a metonym for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Joseph will receive two areas of land"
Dan 1:5The king counted out for themThe king's officials did this task for him. Alternate Translation: "The king's officials counted out for them"
Dan 2:1His mind was troubledHere "mind" refers to his thoughts. Alternate Translation: "His thoughts disturbed him"
Dan 2:20Praise the name of GodHere "name" refers to God himself. Alternate Translation: "Praise God"
Dan 2:21places kings on their thronesHere being on the "throne" refers to ruling over a kingdom. Alternate Translation: "makes new kings rule over their kingdoms"
Dan 2:38He has given into your hand the placeHere "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "He has given you control over the place"
Dan 2:38the place where the human beings liveThe place is used to represent the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "the people of the land"
Dan 2:38He has given over the animals ... into your handHere "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "He has given you control over the animals of the fields and the birds of the heavens"
Dan 3:1Nebuchadnezzar made a gold statue ... He set it upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to make a gold statue ... They set it up"
Dan 3:3the statue that Nebuchadnezzar had set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "the statue that Nebuchadnezzar's men had set up"
Dan 3:4peoples, nations, and languagesHere "nations" and "languages" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. Alternate Translation: "people from different nations and who speak different languages"
Dan 3:7peoples, nations, and languagesHere "nations" and "languages" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](./04.md). Alternate Translation: "people from different nations and who spoke different languages"
Dan 3:7the golden statue that Nebuchadnezzar the king had set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "the golden statue that King Nebuchadnezzar's men had set up"
Dan 3:12the golden statue you have set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "the golden statue your men have set up"
Dan 3:14Have you made your minds upHere "mind" refers to deciding. To "make up your mind" is an idiom that means to firmly decide. Alternate Translation: "Have you firmly decided"
Dan 3:14the golden statue that I have set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "the golden statue that my men have set up"
Dan 3:15the statue that I have madeNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "the statue that my men have made"
Dan 3:15out of my handsHere "hands" refers to power to punish. Alternate Translation: "from my punishment"
Dan 3:17out of your handHere "hand" refers to power to punish. Alternate Translation: "from your punishment"
Dan 3:18the golden statue you set upNebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "the golden statue your men set up"
Dan 3:29any people, nation, or language that speaksHere "nations" and "language" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Daniel 3:4](./04.md). Alternate Translation: "any people from any nation, or those who speak any language that says"
Dan 4:1King Nebuchadnezzar sentThis phrase is referring to the king's messenger as the king himself. Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar sent his messengers with"
Dan 4:1peoples, nations, and languagesHere "nations" and "languages" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate Translation: "people from different nations and who speak different languages"
Dan 4:26heaven rulesHere "heaven" refers to God who lives in heaven. Alternate Translation: "God in heaven is the ruler of all"
Dan 4:36I was brought ... greatness was given to meHere "throne" refers to his authority to rule. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I returned to rule my kingdom again, and I received even more greatness"
Dan 5:2Nebuchadnezzar his father had takenHere "Nebuchadnezzar" refers to Nebuchadnezzar's army. Alternate Translation: "his father Nebuchadnezzar's army" or "the army of Nebuchadnezzar his father had taken"
Dan 5:13whom my father the king brought out of JudahIn this phrase "father" is being used to represent all of the soldiers. Alternate Translation: "whom my father's soldiers brought out of Judah"
Dan 5:19peoples, nations, and languagesHere "nations" and "languages" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate Translation: "people from different nations and who speak different languages"
Dan 5:19He put to death those he wanted to dieThis phrase does not mean King Nebuchadnezzar put people to death himself, but rather those he commanded. Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar commanded his soldiers to kill those he wanted to die"
Dan 5:20he was brought down from his kingly throneHere "throne" refers to his authority to rule. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the people took away his kingdom"
Dan 5:21he had the mind of an animalHere "mind" represents his thoughts. Alternate Translation: "he thought as an animal thinks"
Dan 5:23God who holds your breath in his handHere "breath" refers to life and "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate Translation: "God who gives you breath" or "God who has control over your entire life"
Dan 6:14he applied his mindHere "mind" refers to his thinking. Alternate Translation: "he thought very hard about how"
Dan 6:25peoples, nations, and languagesHere "nations" and "languages" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate Translation: "people from different nations and who spoke different languages"
Dan 7:4The mind of a man was given to itHere "mind" refers to thinking. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Someone gave it the ability to think like a human being"
Dan 7:8the hornsTranslators may write a footnote like this: "Horns are a symbol of power and represent powerful leaders."
Dan 7:14peoples, nations, and languagesHere "nations" and "languages" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate Translation: "people from different nations and who speak different languages"
Dan 7:25These things will be given into his handHere "his hand" refers to his control. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The newest king will control the religous festivals and laws"
Dan 8:4to rescue anyone out of his handRams do not have hands. Here "hand" refers to the ram's power. Alternate Translation: "to rescue anyone from him" or "to rescue anyone from his power"
Dan 8:20the kings of Media and PersiaPossible meanings are 1) this refers to the kings of Media and Persia or 2) this is a metonym in which the kings represents the kingdoms of Media and Persia. Alternate Translation: "the kingdoms of Media and Persia"
Dan 8:21the king of GreecePossible meanings are 1) this refers to the king of Greece or 2) this is a metonym in which the king represents the kingdom of Greece. Alternate Translation: "the kingdom of Greece"
Dan 8:25under his handHere "hand" refers to his rule. Alternate Translation: "under his rule"
Dan 8:25he will be brokenHere "he" refers to his power. Alternate Translation: "his rule will end"
Dan 8:25not by any human handHere "hand" refers to power. This can be also stated in positive form. Alternate Translation: "not by any human power" or "by divine power"
Dan 9:3I turned my face to the Lord GodHere "face" represents Daniel's attention. Alternate Translation: "I focused my attention on the Lord God" or "I directed my thoughts toward the Lord God"
Dan 9:6We have not listened to your servantsHere "not listened" means they did not obey their message. Alternate Translation: "We have not obeyed the message of your prophets"
Dan 9:6spoke in your nameHere "name" refers to God's authority. Alternate Translation: "spoke with your authority" or "spoke as your representative"
Dan 9:10We have not obeyed the voice of Yahweh our GodHere "voice" refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "We have not obeyed what Yahweh told us to do"
Dan 9:14we have not obeyed his voiceHere "voice" refers to the things that Yahweh commanded. Alternate Translation: "we have not done what he told us to do"
Dan 9:15with a mighty handHere "mighty hand" is a metonym for strength. Alternate Translation: "with great strength"
Dan 9:18is called by your nameHere "name" represents ownership. Alternate Translation: "is your city" or "belongs to you"
Dan 9:27the wing of abominationsThis may refer to the defensive structures on top of the walls of the temple, which are called "abominations" because they are full of idols. Alternate Translation: "the walls of the temple that are full of abominations"
Dan 11:12will make tens of thousands to fallHere falling represents dying in battle. Alternate Translation: "will have his army kill many thousands of his enemies" or "will kill many thousands of his enemies"
Dan 11:15will not be able to standHere standing represents the ability to fight. Alternate Translation: "will not be able to keep fighting against them"
Dan 11:16He will stand inHere standing represents ruling. Alternate Translation: "The king will begin to rule"
Dan 11:17come with the strength of his entire kingdomThis probably refers to military power. Alternate Translation: "come with the force of all his army"
Dan 11:26those who eat his fine foodThis refers to the king's advisers. It was usual for a king's most trusted advisers to eat meals with him. Alternate Translation: "the king's best advisers"
Dan 11:27will sit at the same tableSitting at the same table represents the act of talking to each other.
Dan 11:28riches, with his heart set against the holy covenantHere "heart" represents the mind or thoughts of a person. The idiom "his heart set against" means to be determined to oppose something. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate Translation: "riches. He will be determined to oppose the holy covenant"
Dan 11:28with his heart set against the holy covenantThe king's desire to act against the holy covenant represents his desire to stop the Israelites from obeying that covenant. Alternate Translation: "determined to stop the Israelites from obeying the holy covenant"
Dan 11:30ships of Kittim will come against himThe ships represent the army coming in those ships. Alternate Translation: "an army will come from Kittim in ships in order to fight his army"
Dan 11:32who know their GodHere "know" means "be faithful." Alternate Translation: "who are faithful to their God"
Dan 11:41will fallHere falling represents the action of dying. Alternate Translation: "will die"
Dan 11:41But these will escape from his handHere "hand" represents power. Alternate Translation: "But these will escape from his power" or "But he will not be able to destroy these nations"
Dan 11:44go outTo "go out" represents the action of attacking the enemy.
Dan 11:45the mountain of the beauty of holinessThis refers to the hill in Jerusalem where God's temple was. See how you translated somewhat similar phrases in [Daniel 9:16](../09/16.md) and [Daniel 9:20](../09/20.md).
Dan 12:4close up these words; keep the book sealedHere "words" represents the book. Alternate Translation: "close this book and keep it sealed"
Hos 1:5the bow of IsraelHere "bow" refers to the power of the army. Alternate Translation: "the military power of Israel"
Hos 2:5I will go after my lovers, for they give me my bread and water, my wool and flax, my oil and drinkHere "my lovers" refers to Baal and other false gods, whom Israel has chosen to worship instead of Yahweh. The list of things are essential items that allow the people to live.
Hos 2:9I will take back my wool and flax that were used to cover her nakednessThis probably means that Israel's harvests and flocks will fail. Yahweh will remove his blessings from Israel, and the people will be left alone and in danger of attack.
Hos 2:10no one will rescue her out of my handNo one will try to help Israel. Here "hand" refers to God's power to punish.
Hos 2:18I will drive away the bow, the sword, and the battle from the land, and I will make you lie down in safetyYahweh will keep Israel's enemies away from them, there will be no more war, the people will be safe. Here "the bow, the sword, and the battle" represent war.
Hos 2:18lie down in safetyThis expression refers to living in safety.
Hos 3:5David their kingHere "David" represents all the descendants of David. Alternate Translation: "a descendant of David to be their king"
Hos 3:5they will come trembling before Yahweh and his goodnessHere "trembling" represents feelings of awe and humility. Alternate Translation: "they will come back to Yahweh and will humble themselves, honor him, and ask for his blessings"
Hos 4:7They exchanged their honor for shamePossible meanings are 1) "honor" is a metonym that represents Yahweh, and "shame" is a metonym that represents idols. Alternate Translation: "They have stopped worshiping me, their honorable God, and now worship shameful idols" or 2) some Bible versions translate this as "I will exchange their honor for shame." This means Yahweh will take away the things which the priests honor and cause the priests to be ashamed.
Hos 6:7Like AdamPossible meanings are 1) this refers to Adam, the first man or 2) this is a metonym that represents the people who live in a city in Israel called Adam. Alternate Translation: "Like the people in the city of Adam" or 3) this refers to people in general. The word "Adam" means "man" or "humankind." Alternate Translation: "Like all of humankind"
Hos 6:8Gilead is a city ... with footprints of bloodFootprints of blood probably represents the evildoers and their acts of murder.
Hos 6:10Ephraim's prostitutionHere "prostitution" refers to Ephraim's worship of false gods.
Hos 7:9Gray hairs are sprinkled on himHere "gray hairs" represent old age.
Hos 7:16because of the insolence of their tonguesHere "tongue" refers to what the officials say. Alternate Translation: "because they insult me" or "because they curse me"
Hos 8:5Your calfThe people worshiped an idol that looked like a calf, so Yahweh is speaking of their worship as if it were the calf itself. Alternate Translation: "Because you worship your calf idol, your worship"
Hos 9:6Egypt will gather them, and Memphis will bury themEgypt and Memphis refer to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "the army of Egypt will capture you. You will die there, and the people in the city of Memphis will bury you"
Hos 9:6their tentsHere "tents" represents the Israelites' homes.
Hos 9:13but Ephraim will bring out his childrenThe word "children" are the people from that nation. Alternate Translation: "but the people of Israel will bring out their children"
Hos 9:15I will drive them out of my houseYahweh is stating that he will force Israel out of his land, the land of Canaan. Here "my house" represents Canaan.
Hos 10:2now they must bear their guiltHere "guilt" is a metonym for the punishment that is associated with it. This punishment is spoken of as if it was a heavy load for them to carry. Alternate Translation: "now is the time that Yahweh will punish them for their sins"
Hos 10:15So it will happen to you, Bethel, because of your great wickednessHere "Bethel" represents the people who live there. The prophet addresses the people of Bethel as if they were there listening to him.
Hos 11:6The sword will fall on their citiesHere "sword" represents the enemies of Israel who will destroy Israel's cities.
Hos 11:6destroy the bars of their gatesGates offered security to city inhabitants from their enemies, and the bars secured the closed gates. To destroy the bars meant to take away the people's security.
Hos 11:8My heart has changed within meHere "heart" represents God's will and decisions.
Hos 11:12But Judah is still going about with meHere "Judah" refers to the people who live there. This speaks of being loyal to God as "going about" with him. However, many versions have different interpretations of this difficult passage.
Hos 12:1follows after the east windEast winds were very hot and destructive to the land. Here it represents anything that is destructive. The people doing things that will destroy themselves is spoken of as if they are following the east wind.
Hos 12:9I will again make you live in tentsPossible meanings are 1) Yahweh is threatening to force the people of Israel from their homes and make them live in tents. So, here to "live in tents" would represent being sent into exile, or 2) it is a promise that after their exile the people will live in tents again, and Yahweh will take care of them as he did when the Israelites left Egypt. So, here "to live in tents" would represent a return to an ideal situation when Yahweh took care of his people.
Hos 12:14So his Lord will leave his blood on himHere "blood" refers to the guilt incurred by people who murder others. God will not forgive their sins.
Hos 13:16Samaria will be guilty, for she has rebelled against her GodHere "Samaria" refers to the people in the city of Samaria who are guilty of rebelling against God.
Hos 13:16by the swordHere the "sword" represents the enemy soldiers who used swords in battle.
Hos 14:2the fruit of our lipsWhat a person says is called the fruit of his lips. Modern versions have different translations of this difficult passage. Alternate Translation: "our words and songs of praise"
Jol 2:12Return to me with all your heartThe heart is a metonym for what the person thinks and loves. Alternate Translation: "Turn away from your sins and be totally devoted to me"
Jol 2:13Tear your heart and not only your garmentsThe heart is a metonym for what the person thinks and loves. Tearing one's clothes is an outward act of shame or repentance. Alternate Translation: "Change your way of thinking; do not just tear your garments"
Jol 2:22the pastures of the wilderness will sproutThe pastures are a metonym for the plants that grow in the pastures. Alternate Translation: "plants good for food will sprout in the pastures in the wilderness"
Jol 2:26praise the name of YahwehThe name is a metonym for the person, specifically his reputation. Alternate Translation: "praise Yahweh" or "praise Yahweh because everyone knows he is good"
Jol 2:30blood, fire, and pillars of smokeblood is symbolizing the death of people. Alternate Translation: "death, fire and pillars of smoke"
Jol 2:31the moon into bloodHere the word "blood" refers to the color red. You can supply the verb for this phrase. Alternate Translation: "the moon will turn red like blood"
Jol 2:32everyone who calls on the name of Yahweh will be savedThe name is a metonym for the person. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will save everyone who calls on his name"
Jol 3:8I will sell your sons and your daughters, by the hand of the people of JudahThe hand can be a metonym for the power the hand exercises or a synecdoche for the person. Alternate Translation: "I will have the people of Judah sell your sons and your daughters"
Jol 3:19because they shed innocent blood in their landThe word "they" refers to "Edom" and "Egypt" and is a metonym for the people of Egypt and Edom. The words "innocent blood" are a metonym for innocent people whom they have killed. Alternate Translation: "because the people of Egypt and the people of Edom killed innocent people in the land of the people of Judah"
Jol 3:21I will avenge their blood that I have not yet avengedBlood is a metonym for death. Alternate Translation: "I will punish the enemies who killed the people of Israel and still have not been punished"
Amo 1:3DamascusHere "Damascus" represents the people of the city of Damascus. Alternate Translation: "the people of Damascus"
Amo 1:3GileadHere "Gilead" represents the people of the region of Gilead. Alternate Translation: "the people of Gilead"
Amo 1:4the house of HazaelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Hazael's descendants, who were rulers of the country where Damascus was located.
Amo 1:5the man who holds the scepter inThis is a metonym for the ruler of that city or region. Alternate Translation: "the ruler of"
Amo 1:6GazaHere "Gaza" represents the people of the region of Gaza. Alternate Translation: "the people of Gaza"
Amo 1:6EdomHere "Edom" represents the people of the country of Edom. Alternate Translation: "the people of Edom"
Amo 1:8the man who holds the scepterThis is a metonym for the ruler of that city or region. Alternate Translation: "the ruler"
Amo 1:8I will turn my hand against EkronHere "hand" represents Yahweh's power that he would use against Ekron. Alternate Translation: "I will strike Ekron" or "I will destroy Ekron"
Amo 1:8EkronHere "Ekron" represents the people of the city of Ekron. Alternate Translation: "the people of Ekron"
Amo 1:9TyreHere "Tyre" represents the people of the city of Tyre. Alternate Translation: "the people of Tyre"
Amo 1:11EdomHere "Edom" represents the people of the country of Edom. Alternate Translation: "the people of Edom"
Amo 2:1MoabThis represents the Moabite people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Moab"
Amo 2:2Moab will dieHere "Moab" represents the people of Moab. Alternate Translation: "The people of Moab will die"
Amo 2:4JudahThis represents the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah"
Amo 2:6IsraelThis represents the Israelite people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Amo 2:16flee nakedPossible meanings are 1) this is a metonym for "run away without his weapons" or 2) this is meant literally as "run away wearing no clothes"
Amo 3:1the whole familyHere "the whole family" represents to the whole nation. The people of Israel were all descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "the whole nation" or "the whole clan"
Amo 3:2all the families of the earthHere "families" represents nations or people groups. Alternate Translation: "all the nations of the earth" or "all the clans on the earth"
Amo 3:10They store up violence and destructionHere "violence and destruction" represent things they have taken by being violent and destructive. Alternate Translation: "They store up things that they have violently stolen from others"
Amo 3:13the house of JacobThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. They were the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Jacob"
Amo 3:14I will also punish the altars of BethelPeople sinned against God by worshiping false gods at their altars. Here "punish the altars" represents punishing the people by destroying their altars. Alternate Translation: "I will also destroy the altars at Bethel"
Amo 4:6I gave you cleanness of teethHere having clean teeth represents having no food in the mouth to make the teeth dirty. Alternate Translation: "I caused you to starve"
Amo 4:6lack of breadGiving them "lack of bread" represents causing them to lack bread, and "bread" represents food in general. Alternate Translation: "I caused you not to have enough food"
Amo 4:8Two or three cities staggeredHere "cities" represents the people of those cities. Alternate Translation: "The people of two or three cities staggered"
Amo 4:9I afflicted you with blight and mildewHere "afflicted you" represents afflicting their crops. Alternate Translation: "I afflicted your crops with blight and mildew" or "I destroyed your crops with blight and mildew"
Amo 4:10I killed your young men with the swordHere "the sword" represents battle. God killed them by sending enemies to fight against them. Alternate Translation: "I made your enemies kill your men in battle"
Amo 4:10carried away your horsesGod speaks of causing the enemies to steal their horses as if he carried the horses away. Alternate Translation: "I made your enemies take away your horses"
Amo 4:10made the stench of your camp come up to your nostrilsA stench is a bad smell. The stench coming up to their nostrils represents them smelling something terrible. It can be stated clearly that the smell was from the dead bodies of those who were killed. Alternate Translation: "I made you smell the terrible odor of the dead bodies in your camp"
Amo 5:1house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. Alternate Translation: "you people of Israel" or "you Israelite people group"
Amo 5:5For Gilgal will surely go into captivityHere "Gilgal" represents the people of Gilgal, and going into captivity refers to being captured and taken away. Alternate Translation: "For the people of Gilgal will surely be captured and taken away" or "For your enemies will surely capture the people of Gilgal and take them away"
Amo 5:6the house of JosephThis phrase is a metonym for the descendants of Joseph. Here it represents the northern kingdom of Israel, whose two largest tribes were the descendants of Joseph. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Joseph" or "Israel"
Amo 5:13for it is an evil timeHere "an evil time" represents a time when people are evil and do evil deeds. Alternate Translation: "for it is a time when people are evil" or "for people do evil things"
Amo 5:15the remnant of JosephHere "remnant" refers to people who are still living in Israel after the others are killed or taken away as captives. Here "Joseph" represents the northern kingdom of Israel, whose two largest tribes were the descendants of Joseph. See how you translated "house of Joseph" in [Amos 5:6](./06.md). Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Joseph who are still alive" or "those of Israel who survive"
Amo 5:25Did you bringGod speaks as though the Israelites he is speaking to were part of the group that wandered in the wilderness. Alternate Translation: "Did your ancestors bring"
Amo 5:25house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. See how you translated it in [Amos 5:1](./01.md). Alternate Translation: "you people of Israel" or "you Israelite people group"
Amo 5:26You have lifted up the images of Sikkuth ... and KaiwanHere "lifted up the images" represents worshiping them. Alternate Translation: "You have worshiped the images of Sikkuth ... and Kaiwan"
Amo 6:1the house of Israel comesThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites come" or "the Israelite people group comes"
Amo 6:3and make the throne of violence come nearHere "throne" is a metonym that represents reign or rule. The people doing evil things, which causes Yahweh to bring disaster on them, is spoken of as if they were causing "violence" to rule them. Alternate Translation: "but who are actually causing me to send violent people to destroy you"
Amo 6:6they do not grieve over the ruin of JosephHere "Joseph" represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "they do not grieve about the descendants of Joseph whom enemies will soon destroy"
Amo 6:8I detest the pride of JacobHere "Jacob" represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "I hate the descendants of Jacob because they have become arrogant"
Amo 6:14from Lebo Hamath to the brook of the ArabahHere "Lebo Hamath" represents the northern border of Israel, and "brook of the Arabah" represents the southern border. Alternate Translation: "from the northern border of your nation to the southern border"
Amo 7:2how will Jacob survive? For he is so small.Here "Jacob" represents his descendants the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "how will we Israelites survive? We are so small and weak!"
Amo 7:5how will Jacob survive? For he is so small.Here "Jacob" represents his descendants the Israelites. See how you translated this in [Amos 7:2](./02.md). Alternate Translation: "how will the Israelites survive? We are so small and weak!"
Amo 7:9The high places of Isaac will be destroyed, the sanctuaries of Israel will be ruined, and I will rise against the house of Jeroboam with the swordHere "sword" represents an army. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will send an army to attack the house of Jeroboam, and the army will destroy the high places of Isaac and the sanctuaries of Israel"
Amo 7:9Isaac ... IsraelBoth of these represent the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Isaac ... the people of Israel"
Amo 7:9the house of JeroboamHere "house" represents "family." Translate "Jeroboam" as you did in [Amos 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate Translation: "Jeroboam and his family"
Amo 7:10Amos has conspired against you in the middle of the house of IsraelHere "house" represents "people." Alternate Translation: "Amos is right here among the Israelites, and he is planning to do bad things to you"
Amo 7:10The land cannot bear all his wordsHere "land" represents "people." Disrupting the peace is spoken of as if Amos's words were a heavy object that the land could not carry. Alternate Translation: "What his is saying disturb the peace among the people" or "His message will cause trouble among the people"
Amo 7:11Jeroboam will die by the swordHere "sword" represents the enemies. Alternate Translation: "Enemies will kill Jeroboam"
Amo 7:16do not speak against the house of IsaacHere "house" represents the family or descendants of Isaac. Alternate Translation: "do not speak against the descendants of Isaac"
Amo 7:17your sons and your daughters will fall by the swordHere "sword" represents enemies. Alternate Translation: "enemies will kill your sons and daughters"
Amo 8:7Yahweh has sworn by the pride of JacobHere "pride of Jacob" is a title for Yahweh. Also "Jacob" represents his descendants, the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has sworn by himself, saying" or "Yahweh, of whom the Israelites are so proud, has sworn"
Amo 8:14by the sin of SamariaHere "sin" represents the false god the people worship in Samaria. Alternate Translation: "by the false god of Samaria"
Amo 9:1I will kill the last of them with the swordHere "sword" represents an army attacking with their weapons. Alternate Translation: "I will send an enemy army to kill the rest of them"
Amo 9:2there my hand will take themHere "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "I will pull them up from there"
Amo 9:4there will I give orders to the sword, and it will kill themHere "sword" represents their enemies. Alternate Translation: "there I will cause their enemies to kill them"
Amo 9:4I will keep my eyes on them for harm and not for goodHere "eyes" represents seeing. The phrase "keep my eyes on them" is an idiom that means to watch closely. Alternate Translation: "I will watch closely and make sure only bad things happen to them and not good things"
Amo 9:6he who builds his steps in the heavensThese are probably the steps that ancient people imagined led up to God's palace in the heavens. However, some modern versions wish to read a different Hebrew word meaning "palace" or "rooms." Here "his steps" probably is a metonym for God's palace.
Amo 9:8the eyes of the Lord Yahweh are on the sinful kingdomHere "eyes" represents seeing. Also, Yahweh speaks of himself in third person. Alternate Translation: "I, the Lord Yahweh, see that the people of this kingdom are very sinful"
Amo 9:8the house of JacobHere "house" represents a family. And, "Jacob" represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Jacob"
Amo 9:9the house of IsraelHere "house" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Amo 9:10All the sinners of my people will die by the swordHere "sword" represents their enemies. Alternate Translation: "Enemies will kill all the sinners of my people"
Amo 9:12all the nations that are called by my nameHere "name" represents Yahweh. The idiom "called by my name" means they once belonged to Yahweh. This means that in the past the people had conquered and taken control of these territories. Alternate Translation: "all the nations that once belonged to me" or "all the nations that I caused the people of Israel to conquer in the past"
Oba 1:1rise up against herHere "her" refers to Edom. This is a metonym for the people of Edom, so it could also be translated as "them."
Oba 1:3The pride of your heart has deceived youThe "heart" was associated with emotions. The Edomites' pride caused them to be deceived about their security. Alternate Translation: "Your pride has deceived you" or "Your pride causes you think you are safe"
Oba 1:10your brother JacobHere "Jacob" represents his descendants. Because Jacob was the brother of Esau, the people of Edom are spoken of as if they were the brothers of the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "your relatives who are the descendants of Jacob"
Oba 1:17the house of JacobThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob"
Oba 1:18the house of EsauThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Esau's descendants. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Esau"
Jon 1:2speak out against itGod is referring to the people of the city. Alternate Translation: "warn the people"
Jon 1:3the presence of YahwehHere Yahweh is represented by his presence.
Jon 1:3away from the presence of YahwehHere Yahweh is represented by his presence. Alternate Translation: "away from Yahweh"
Jon 1:10he was running away from the presence of YahwehHere Yahweh is represented by his presence. Jonah was seeking to escape Yahweh as if Yahweh was present only in the land of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Jonah was running away from Yahweh"
Jon 3:3the word of YahwehHere "word" represents Yahweh's message. Alternate Translation: "the message of Yahweh"
Mic 1:5because of the sins of the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "because the people of Israel have sinned against me"
Mic 1:5What is Jacob's transgression?The name "Jacob" is a metonym for those of his descendants who live in the northern kingdom of Israel.
Mic 1:5Is it not Samaria?Here "Samaria" is a metonym for the evil activities that take place there. Micah uses a question to emphasize that the people know what the truth is. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate Translation: "You know that it is Samaria."
Mic 1:5Is it not Jerusalem?Here "Jerusalem" is a metonym for the evil activities that take place there. Micah uses a question to emphasize that the people know what the truth is. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate Translation: "You know that it is Jerusalem."
Mic 1:13the daughter of ZionThe word "daughter" is a metonym for the people of the city. Alternate Translation: "the people of Zion" or "the people who live in Zion"
Mic 2:7house of JacobThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob"
Mic 3:7All of them will cover their lipsHere "lips" represents speaking. Alternate Translation: "They shall no longer speak"
Mic 3:8to declare to Jacob his transgression, and to Israel his sinHere "Jacob" and "Israel" are metonyms for Jacob's descendants. Micah uses both names to emphasize that all of his descendants are guilty of sin. The abstract nouns "transgression" and "sin" can be translated using verbs. Alternate Translation: "to declare to Jacob's descendants that they have broken Yahweh's law; I am telling the people of Israel that they have all sinned"
Mic 3:9house of JacobThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob"
Mic 3:9the house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants, who had become the nation of Israel. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Israel" or "you Israelites"
Mic 4:2Many nationsThe word "nations" is a metonym for the people of the nations. Alternate Translation: "The people from many nations"
Mic 4:10the hand of your enemiesPossible meanings for the word "hand" are 1) it could be a metonym for the power that the hand exercises, Alternate Translation: "the power of your enemies" or 2) it could be a synecdoche for the person. Alternate Translation: "your enemies"
Mic 5:1with a rod they will strike the judge of Israel on the cheekThe rod is a metonym for a greater man punishing a lesser man with a rod. To strike a man on the cheek was to insult him more than to harm him. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will punish the judge of Israel by having the invaders insult the judge of Israel"
Mic 5:4in the majesty of the name of Yahweh his GodThe person's name is a metonym for person's authority. Alternate Translation: "and people will honor him because Yahweh his God has given him the authority to rule"
Mic 5:9Your hand will be lifted against your enemiesThe hand is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises or a synecdoche for the whole person. To lift the hand is to exercise power. Alternate Translation: "You will completely defeat your enemies"
Mic 5:12the witchcraft in your handBeing in the "hand" represents the actions that the person does. Alternate Translation: "the witchcraft that you do"
Mic 6:9even now wisdom acknowledges your nameWisdom is spoken of as a person and is a metonym for the wise person. The word "name" here is a metonym for the person himself, what people think of him, and his authority. Alternate Translation: "and the wise person will fear you" or "and the wise person will acknowledge that you are good and will obey you"
Mic 6:10There is wealth in the houses of the wicked that is dishonestDishonest wealth is a metonym for wealth that people have gained by acting dishonestly. The words "the wicked" refer to wicked people. Houses are a synecdoche for everything a person possesses. Alternate Translation: "Wicked people have acted dishonestly to gain wealth"
Mic 7:6his own houseThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Alternate Translation: "his own family"
Mic 7:7will hear meThe word "hear" represents hearing and acting. Alternate Translation: "will act to help me"
Mic 7:20You will give truth to Jacob and covenant faithfulness to AbrahamHere the names of Jacob and Abraham are metonyms for their descendants, the people of Israel to whom Micah was speaking. The abstract nouns "truth" and "faithfulness" can be stated as "trustworthy" and "faithful." Alternate Translation: "You will show the descendants of Jacob and Abraham that your are trustworthy and faithful to your covenant"
Nam 1:8he will pursue them into darknessHere the word "darkness" represents the place of the dead, which is characterized as a dark place. Nahum speaks of Yahweh killing his enemies as if he were chasing them into this dark place. Alternate Translation: "he will cause all his enemies to die"
Nam 1:9trouble will not rise up a second timePossible meanings are 1) "trouble" is a metonym for the punishment that Yahweh will inflict upon the people. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will not have to punish you a second time" or 2) "trouble" refers to the trouble that the people cause by plotting against Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "you will not cause trouble a second time"
Nam 2:2For Yahweh is restoring the majesty of Jacob, like the majesty of IsraelThe words "Jacob" and "Israel" are metonyms for the people who are descended from Jacob. Possible meanings are 1) the word "Jacob" refers to the southern kingdom and the word "Israel" refers to the northern kingdom. Alternate Translation: "For Yahweh is restoring the majesty of Judah, as he promised to restore the majesty of Israel" or 2) both "Jacob" and "Israel" refer to the nation as a whole, included both northern and southern kingdoms and the two lines are parallel. Alternate Translation: "For Yahweh is restoring the majesty of all Israel"
Nam 2:13the sword will devour your young lionsHere the word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who attack with swords and is spoken of as if it were a person who eats its victims. Nahum also continues to speak to the people of Nineveh as if they were lions. Alternate Translation: "attackers will kill your people with swords"
Nam 3:1the city full of bloodHere the word "blood" represents bloodshed and refers to the people who have committed murder. Alternate Translation: "the city full of murderers"
Nam 3:1It is all full of liesHere the word "lies" is a metonym for those who tell lies. Alternate Translation: "It is full of liars"
Nam 3:8General Information:Nahum speaks to the people of Nineveh as though they were the city itself.
Nam 3:10General Information:Nahum continues to speak to the people of Nineveh as though they were the city itself.
Nam 3:10Yet Thebes was carried awayThe word "Thebes" represents the people who lived in Thebes. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yet those who attacked Thebes carried the people away"
Nam 3:10she went into captivityThe word "she" refers to Thebes and represents the people who lived there. Alternate Translation: "they went into captivity"
Nam 3:12General Information:Nahum continues to speak to the people of Nineveh as though they were the city itself.
Nam 3:14General Information:Nahum continues to speak to the people of Nineveh as though they were the city itself.
Nam 3:15the sword will destroy youHere the word "sword" is a metonym for the enemies who will attack with swords. Alternate Translation: "your enemies will kill you with their swords"
Nam 3:16General Information:Nahum speaks to the people of Nineveh as though they were the city itself.
Hab 2:9safe from the hand of evilHere the word "hand" is a metonym for power, and the word "evil" is a metonym for people who do evil things. Alternate Translation: "safe from the power of evil" or "safe from people who will harm him"
Hab 2:12the one who builds a city with bloodHere the word "blood" is a metonym for murder. It is implicit that the person builds a city by means of the goods that he stole from those whom he has killed. Alternate Translation: "the one who kills people and steals their goods in order to build a city"
Hab 2:17The violence done to LebanonPossible meanings for the word "Lebanon" are 1) it represents the forest of Lebanon. Alternate Translation: "The violence done to the trees of Lebanon" or 2) it represents the people of Lebanon. Alternate Translation: "The violence done to the people of Lebanon"
Hab 2:20all the landHere the word "land" is a metonym for the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "everyone in the land" or "everyone on earth"
Hab 3:3the earth was full of his praiseHere the word "praise" is a metonym for God's qualities that cause people to praise him. Alternate Translation: "the earth was full of his glory"
Hab 3:7I saw the tents of Cushan in affliction, and the fabric of the tents in the land of Midian tremblingPossible meanings are 1) the words "the tents" and "the fabric of the tents" are metonyms for the people who live in those tents. Alternate Translation: "I saw the people who live in tents in the land of Cushan in affliction, and the people who live in tents in the land of Midian trembling" or 2) this is a metaphor in which Habakkuk speaks of the tents in Cushan and Midian being blown about by a storm as if the tents were people who were trembling in affliction. Alternate Translation: "I saw the tents of Cushan blown about like people in affliction, and the fabric of the tents in the land of Midian trembling as if they were people"
Hab 3:13You shatter the head of the house of the wicked to lay bare from the base up to the neckPossible meanings are 1) killing the leader and destroying the people is spoken of as if someone were destroying a house. Here the leader is the head, that is, the roof of the house; and "base" and "neck" represent other parts of the house. Alternate Translation: "You destroy the roof of the wicked house and demolish the rest of the building" or "You kill the leader of the wicked nation and completely destroy the nation" or 2) Killing the leader and removing honor and power from the people is spoken of as if someone were shattering a person's head and stripping off all of his clothes. Here the leader is the "head," and "house" represents the people who are the body. Alternate Translation: "The wicked people and their leader are like a man whose head you crush and whose body you strip naked from foot to neck" or "You kill the leader of the wicked people and completely remove all of the people's power"
Zep 2:2before the decree takes effectThis phrase refers to the punishment that will happen as a result of Yahweh's decree. Alternate Translation: "before Yahweh punishes you"
Zep 2:2Yahweh's wrathThis stands for God's intent to punish. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh's punishment"
Zep 2:12You Cushites also will be pierced by my swordHere "pieced by my sword" is a metonym for being killed in battle. Alternate Translation: "I will kill you people of Cush in battle"
Zep 2:13God's handHere "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "God's power"
Zep 3:1General Information:In verses 3:1-5, Zephaniah speaks Yahweh's message of judgment to the sinful people of Jerusalem. The city represents the people who live within it. To make this clear, it may be helpful to replace the singular "she" and "her" with the plural "they" and "their."
Zep 3:2She has not listened to the voice of GodThe voice is a metonym for what the speaker says with the voice, and listening is a metonym for obeying. Alternate Translation: "She has not obeyed what God has said to her"
Zep 3:3General Information:In verses 3:1-5, Zephaniah speaks Yahweh's message of judgment to the sinful people of Jerusalem. The city represents the people who live within it. To make this clear, it may be helpful to replace the singular "she" and "her" with the plural "they" and "their."
Zep 3:9I will purify the lips of the peoplesHere "lips" refers to the ability to speak. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the peoples to speak what is right"
Zep 3:14with all your heartHere "heart" refers to the inner being of a person. Alternate Translation: "with all your inner being"
Zep 3:16say to Jerusalem ... ZionThe names of these cities here refer to the people who live in them. Alternate Translation: "say to the people of Jerusalem ... people of Zion"
Hag 1:11upon the new wine, upon the oilWine and "oil" are metonyms for grapes and olives.
Hag 1:12obeyed the voice of Yahweh ... the words of HaggaiThe voice and the words are metonyms for the persons. Alternate Translation: "obeyed Yahweh and Haggai"
Hag 1:14Yahweh stirred up the spirit of the governor of Judah, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, and the spirit of the high priest Joshua son of Jehozadak, and the spirit of all the remnant of the peopleStirring the spirit is a metonym for making someone want to act. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh made the governor of Judah, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, and the high priest Joshua son of Jehozadak, and all the remnant of the people want to act"
Hag 2:22I will overthrow the throne of kingdomsThe throne is a metonym for the person sitting on the throne. Alternate Translation: "I will take kings off of their thrones"
Hag 2:22the throne of kingdomsHere "throne" is a metonym for the king who sits on it. Alternate Translation: "government ruled by kings"
Hag 2:22each one because of his brother's swordThe sword here is a metonym for violent death. Alternate Translation: "each one because his brother has killed him"
Zec 1:12to Jerusalem and to the cities of JudahHere the words "Jerusalem" and "cities" refer to the people who live in those cities. Alternate Translation: "to the people of Jerusalem and to the people of the cities of Judah"
Zec 1:16My house will be built within herThe word "her" refers to Jerusalem, and the word "house" is a metonym for the temple. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The people will build my temple in Jerusalem"
Zec 1:17My cities will once again overflow with goodnessThe phrase "my cities" refers to the cities of Judah and represents the people who live in those cities. Yahweh speaks of the inhabitants of those cities again being prosperous as if goodness were a liquid that overflowed the cities, which are its containers. Alternate Translation: "My cities will once again be prosperous" or "The people in the cities of Judah will once again be prosperous"
Zec 1:17Yahweh will again comfort ZionHere the word "Zion" refers to the people who live in the city. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will again comfort the people in Zion"
Zec 3:7you will govern my house and guard my courtsHere the word "house" is a metonym for the temple, while the word "courts" refers to the courtyards around the temple. Together the phrases mean that Joshua will have authority over the whole temple complex. Alternate Translation: "you will have authority over my temple and its courtyards"
Zec 3:9I will remove the sin from this land in one dayHere the word "land" represents the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "I will remove the sin of the people from this land in one day"
Zec 4:9the foundation of this houseThe word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the foundation of this temple"
Zec 5:3This is the curseThe word "this" refers to the scroll. The scroll is a metonym for what is written on the scroll. Alternate Translation: "On this scroll is the curse"
Zec 6:6the white horses are ... the spotted gray horses areHere the horses represent the chariots that they pull. Alternate Translation: "the chariot with the white horses is ... the chariot with the spotted gray horses is"
Zec 6:8they will appease my spirit concerning the north countryThe words "my spirit" refer to Yahweh, so many translations change this to read "Yahweh's spirit." Possible meanings are 1) the word "spirit" represents Yahweh's emotions and appeasing his spirit means that the chariots will cause Yahweh no longer to be angry with the north country Alternate Translation: "they will calm my anger concerning the north country" or 2) the word "spirit" represents Yahweh's presence and the chariots will cause the Jews who live in the north land to experience Yahweh's blessings. Alternate Translation: "they will cause my spirit to rest in the north country"
Zec 6:15truly listen to the voice of Yahweh your GodHere to "listen" means to obey and the word "voice" represents the words that Yahweh speaks. Alternate Translation: "truly obey what Yahweh your God says"
Zec 7:2before the face of YahwehHere "face" is a metonym for Yahweh's presence. Alternate Translation: "in the presence of Yahweh"
Zec 7:7by the mouth of the former prophetsHere "mouth" is a metonym for the words spoken by the mouth. Alternate Translation: "by the words of the former prophets" or "through the former prophets"
Zec 7:10let none of you plot any harm against another in your heartHere "heart" represents the thoughts of a person. Alternate Translation: "you must not make plans to do evil"
Zec 7:12by the mouth of the prophetsHere the "mouth of the prophets" is a metonym for the words that the prophets speak. Alternate Translation: "through the words of the prophets"
Zec 8:2for ZionHere "Zion" represents the people of Zion. Alternate Translation: "for the people of Zion" or "for the people of Jerusalem"
Zec 8:13house of Judah and house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the people in the kingdoms of Judah and Israel. Alternate Translation: "people of Judah and Israel"
Zec 8:13house of Judah and house of IsraelThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the people in the kingdom of Judah. Alternate Translation: "people of Judah"
Zec 8:15JerusalemThis is a metonym for the people of Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "the people of Jerusalem"
Zec 8:19the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the people in the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah"
Zec 8:21will go to another cityThis is a metonym for the people in the other city. Alternate Translation: "will go to the people of another city"
Zec 8:21before the face of YahwehHere "face" is a metonym for Yahweh's presence. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 7:2](../07/02.md). Alternate Translation: "in the presence of Yahweh"
Zec 8:22mighty nationsThis is a metonym for the people in the mighty nations. Alternate Translation: "people of mighty nations"
Zec 9:1the land of Hadrak and DamascusHere "Hadrak" and "Damascus" refer to the people who live in those places. Alternate Translation: "the people of the land of Hadrak and the city Damascus"
Zec 9:1the eyes of all humanity and all the tribes of Israel are toward YahwehHere "eyes" refers to what they look at. Alternate Translation: "all humanity and all the tribes of Israel look toward Yahweh"
Zec 9:2HamathThis refers to the people who live in that land. Alternate Translation: "the people of the land of Hamath"
Zec 9:2Tyre and SidonThis refers to the people who live in those cities. Alternate Translation: "the people of Tyre and Sidon"
Zec 9:4destroy her strength on the seaTyre's "strength on the sea" refers to the ships that were used for commerce and conquest. Alternate Translation: "destroy Tyre's ships in which men fight on the sea"
Zec 9:5Ashkelon ... Gaza ... Ekron, her hopesThese cities each refer to the people who live in them. Alternate Translation: "The people of Ashkelon ... the people of Gaza ... the hopes of the people of Ekron"
Zec 9:7I will remove their blood from their mouths and their abominations from between their teethHere "blood" is a metonym for meat with blood in it, and "abominations" is a metonym for meat offered to idols. Alternate Translation: "I will no longer allow them to eat meat that still has blood in it, and I will forbid them to eat food that they offered to idols"
Zec 9:8I see with my own eyesHere "my own eyes" represent Yahweh's personal attention. Alternate Translation: "I will personally watch over my land"
Zec 9:10for he will speak peace to the nationsHere the action of announcing peace represents the action of making peace. Alternate Translation: "for your king will bring peace to the nations"
Zec 9:13I have roused your sons, Zion, against your sons, GreeceGod is speaking to the people of two different nations at the same time.
Zec 9:15defeat the stones of the slingsSlings to throw stones were a common weapon in the days of Zechariah. Here the "stones of the slings" represent the soldiers who were using them to attack Israel. Alternate Translation: "defeat the enemies who attack them with slings and stones"
Zec 10:3the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the people of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the people of Judah"
Zec 10:5they will shame those who ride warhorsesHere shame accompanies and represents defeat. Alternate Translation: "they will defeat their enemies who ride warhorses"
Zec 10:6the house of JudahThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Judah"
Zec 10:6the house of JosephThe word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of Israel"
Zec 10:11The majesty of Assyria will be brought downHere "the majesty of Assyria" probably refers to the Assyrian army. Alternate Translation: "I will destroy Assyria's proud army"
Zec 10:11the scepter of Egypt will go away from the EgyptiansHere "the scepter of Egypt" refers to the political power of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "the power of Egypt to rule other nations will end"
Zec 11:3for their glory has been destroyedHere "their glory" probably represents the rich pastures that the shepherds led their sheep to. Alternate Translation: "for their rich pastures are ruined"
Zec 11:3for the pride of the Jordan River has been devastatedHere "the pride" probably represents the forests that grew near the Jordan River. Alternate Translation: "because the trees and shrubbery where they lived by the Jordan River are ruined"
Zec 11:6turn over every person into the hand of his neighbor and into the hand of his kingHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "allow the people to harm each other and the king will oppress them"
Zec 11:6none of them will I deliver them from their handHere "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "I will not save them from those who are harming them" or "I will not rescue them"
Zec 11:14between Judah and IsraelHere "Judah" represents the people of the southern kingdom and "Israel" represents the people of the northern kingdom. Alternate Translation: "between the people of Judah and the people of Israel"
Zec 11:17May the swordHere "sword" represents enemies who will attack the shepherd. Alternate Translation: "May enemies"
Zec 11:17his armHere "arm" represents the power to fight.
Zec 12:2into a cupHere "cup" represents the cup and the contents within the cup. Alternate Translation: "into a cup full of wine" or "into a cup full of an alcoholic drink"
Zec 12:4the house of JudahHere "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah"
Zec 12:5say in their heartsHere "hearts" represents a person's mind. Alternate Translation: "think to themselves" or "say to themselves"
Zec 12:6Jerusalem will again live in her own placeHere "Jerusalem" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people of Jerusalem will again live in their own city"
Zec 12:7the tents of JudahHere "tents" represents homes, and homes represent the people who live in them. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah"
Zec 12:7the house of DavidPossible meanings are 1) the descendants of David or 2) the ruling class of people.
Zec 12:10the house of DavidHere "house" represents descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of David"
Zec 12:12The land will mournThis represents all the people living in the land of Judah. Alternate Translation: "All the people in the land of Judah will mourn"
Zec 12:12The clan of the house of David ... The clan of the house of Nathan ... The clan of the house of LeviHere "house" represents descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of David ... The descendants of Nathan ... The descendants of Levi"
Zec 12:13The clan of the house of David ... The clan of the house of Nathan ... The clan of the house of LeviHere "house" represents descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of David ... The descendants of Nathan ... The descendants of Levi"
Zec 13:1the house of DavidHere "house" represents descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of David"
Zec 13:3you speak lies in the name of YahwehSpeaking in the name of someone means speaking with his power and authority, or as his representative. Alternate Translation: "you claim to speak for Yahweh but you speak lies"
Zec 13:9They will call on my nameHere "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "They will call out to me"
Zec 14:9there will be Yahweh, the one God, and his name aloneHere "name" represents Yahweh's reputation or character. Alternate Translation: "people will know that Yahweh is the only true God" or "people will only worship Yahweh, the one true God"
Zec 14:11Jerusalem will live in safetyHere "Jerusalem" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "The people will live safely in Jerusalem"
Zec 14:14Judah will also fight against JerusalemHere "Judah" and "Jerusalem" represent the people that live there. Alternate Translation: "Even the other people in Judah will fight against the people of Jerusalem"
Mal 1:4If Edom saysHere "Edom" stands for the people of Edom. Alternate Translation: "If the people of Edom say"
Mal 1:4I will throw downHere "throw down" stands for "destroy." Alternate Translation: "I will destroy"
Mal 1:6despise my nameHere "my name" stands for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "treat me as though you hate me"
Mal 1:10so that you might not light fires on my altar in vainHere "light fires on my altar" stands for offering sacrifices on Yahweh's altar. Alternate Translation: "so that you might not make fires to burn offerings that I will not accept"
Mal 1:11my name will be great among the nationsHere "my name" stands for Yahweh's reputation and honor. Alternate Translation: "I will be honored in other nations"
Mal 1:11in my nameHere "name" stands for Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "to me"
Mal 1:14my name will be honoredHere "my name" stands for Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "I will be honored"
Mal 2:2my nameHere this expression refers to God.
Mal 2:3the dung from your festivalsHere "festivals" stands for the animals that the priests offered in sacrifice at the Israelite festivals. "The dung" probably refers both to the dung that was produced by the animals just before they were slaughtered for sacrifice, and to the dung that was found inside the animals when their bodies were cut apart before being sacrificed. Temple workers had to transport this dung to a place outside of the temple, and probably outside of Jerusalem.
Mal 2:4LeviHere Levi represents his descendants, the tribe of Levi. Alternate Translation: "so that my covenant may be with you, the descendants of Levi"
Mal 2:5General Information:Yahweh speaks of the tribe of Levi as though they are Levi.
Mal 2:5in awe of my nameHere "my name" stands for God himself.
Mal 2:6nothing false was foundHere finding something stands for that thing existing. Alternate Translation: "there was no falsehood"
Mal 2:6on his lipsHere "lips" stands for a person's ability to speak.
Mal 2:7from his mouthHere "mouth" stands for what a person says.
Mal 2:11Judah has been faithlessHere "Judah" stands for the people in the region of Judah, and the fact that they have been faithless to Yahweh is spoken of as if they were one man named "Judah." Alternate Translation: "The people of Judah have been faithless"
Mal 2:11For Judah has profaned the holy place of YahwehHere "Judah" refers again to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "For the people of Judah have profaned the holy place of Yahweh"
Mal 2:11has married the daughter of a foreign godThe people of Judah are again referred to as if they were one man named "Judah." Alternate Translation: "have married women from other nations, women who worship idols"
Mal 2:12JacobHere "Jacob" stands for all the Israelites, because Jacob was one of the patriarchs from whom the Israelites were descended.
Mal 2:13does not turn toward the offeringHere turning toward a gift stands for receiving it and showing favor to the giver.
Mal 3:4the offering of Judah and JerusalemHere "Judah" and "Jerusalem" stand for the people in those places. Alternate Translation: "the offerings brought by the people of Judah and Jerusalem"
Mal 3:12All the nationsThis expression stands for the people in all the nations. Alternate Translation: "The people in all the nations"
Mal 3:16honored his nameHere "his name" stands for God himself.
Mal 4:1The day that is coming will burn them upHere "the day" stands for the events that will occur on that day. Alternate Translation: "On that day I will burn them up"
Mal 4:2you who fear my nameHere "my name" stands for Yahweh himself.
Mal 4:4all IsraelHere "all Israel" is a reference to all the people in the nation of Israel.