The word "it" refers to the ground and is a metonym for the parts of the plants, which grow in the ground, that people eat. Alternate Translation: "you will eat what grows from it"
Gen 4:10
Your brother's blood is calling out to me
Abel's blood is a metonym for his death, as if it were a person calling out for God to punish Cain. Alternate Translation: "Your brother's blood is like a person calling out to me to punish the person who killed him"
Gen 6:5
the thoughts of their hearts
The writer speaks of the heart as if it were the part of the body that thinks. Your language may use a word other than "heart" to talk about the part of people that thinks. Alternate Translation: "their inner, secret thoughts"
Gen 6:6
it grieved him to his heart
The writer speaks of the heart as if it were the part of the body that feels sadness. Your language may use a word other than "heart" to talk about the emotions. Alternate Translation: "he was very, very sad about it"
Gen 6:11
The earth
Possible meanings are 1) the people who lived on the earth or 2) "The earth itself."
Gen 6:17
that has in it the breath of life
Here "breath" represents life. Alternate Translation: "that lives"
Gen 7:15
Two of all flesh
Here "flesh" represents animals.
Gen 7:15
in which was the breath of life
Here "breath" represents life. Alternate Translation: "that lived"
Gen 7:22
the breath of life
The words "breath" and "life" represent the power that causes people and animals to be alive.
Gen 9:2
They are given into your hand
The hand represents control. This can be made active. Alternate Translation: "They are given into your control" or "I have put them under your control"
Gen 11:1
the whole earth
This represents all the people on the earth. Alternate Translation: "all the people on the earth"
Gen 12:2
I will make of you a great nation
Here "you" is singular and refers to Abram, but Abram represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "I will start a great nation through you" or "I will make your descendants become a great nation"
Gen 12:2
make your name great
The word "name" represents the person's reputation. Alternate Translation: "make you famous"
Gen 14:10
they fell in there
Possible meanings are 1) some of their soldiers fell in the tar pits or 2) the kings themselves fell in the tar pits. Since [Genesis 14:17](./17.md) says that the king of Sodom went to meet Abram, the first meaning is more likely correct.
Gen 14:11
the goods of Sodom and Gomorrah
The words "Sodom" and "Gomorrah" are metonyms for the people who lived in those cities. Alternate Translation: "the wealth of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah" or "the property of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah"
Gen 15:1
reward
the result of a person's actions. This seems to be a metonym for the gracious blessing God would give Abram.
Gen 15:14
I will judge
Here "judge" is a metonym for what will happen after God makes the judgment. Alternate Translation: "I will punish"
Gen 19:15
of the city
Here "city" stands for the people.
Gen 19:24
Yahweh rained down upon Sodom and Gomorrah sulfur and fire from Yahweh out of the sky
The phrase "from Yahweh" stands for God's power to cause the sulfur and fire to fall on the city. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh caused sulfur and fire to fall from the sky onto Sodom and Gomorrah"
Gen 19:31
according to the way of all the world
Here "the world" stands for the people. Alternate Translation: "as people everywhere do"
Gen 20:4
even a righteous nation
Here "nation" stands for the people. Abimelech is worried that God will punish not only him, but his people also. Alternate Translation: "even a people who are innocent"
Gen 20:5
I have done this in the integrity of my heart and the innocence of my hands
Here "heart" stands for his thoughts or intentions. Also "hands" stands for his actions. Alternate Translation: "I have done this with good intentions and actions" or "I have done this with no evil thoughts or actions"
Gen 20:6
in the integrity of your heart you did this
Here "heart" stands for his thoughts or intentions. Alternate Translation: "you did this with good intentions" or "you did this without evil intentions"
Gen 20:9
on my kingdom
Here "kingdom" stands for the people. Alternate Translation: "on the people of my kingdom"
Gen 20:11
no fear of God in this place
Here "place" refers to the people. Alternate Translation: "no one here in Gerar fears God"
Gen 20:13
my father's house
Here "house" stands for Abraham's family. Alternate Translation: "my father and the rest of my family" or "my father's household"
Gen 21:13
I will also make the son of the servant woman into a nation
The word "nation" means God will give him many descendants so that they become a great nation of people. Alternate Translation: "I will make the servant woman's son also become the father of a great nation"
Gen 21:16
she lifted up her voice and wept
Here "voice" stands for the sound of her crying. To "life up her voice" means to cry loudly. Alternate Translation: "she cried out loudly and wept" or "she wept loudly"
Gen 21:17
the voice of the lad
the boy's voice. Here "voice" stands for the sound of the boy crying or speaking. Alternate Translation: "the sound of Ishmael"
Gen 21:17
the voice of the lad where he is
Here "voice" stands for the sound of the boy crying or speaking. Alternate Translation: "the sound of the boy lying over there"
Gen 21:18
I will make him into a great nation
To make Ishmael into a great nation means God will give him many descendants who will become a great nation. Alternate Translation: "I will make his descendants become a great nation" or "I will make him become the ancestor of a great nation"
Gen 21:23
to the land
Here "land" stands for the people. Alternate Translation: "to the people of the land"
Gen 22:18
nations of the earth
Here "nations" stands for the people of the nations.
Gen 22:18
you have obeyed my voice
Here "voice" stands for what God said. Alternate Translation: "you have obeyed what I said" or "you have obeyed me"
Gen 23:11
in the presence of the sons of my people
Here "presence" stands for the people serving as witnesses. Alternate Translation: "with my fellow countrymen as my witnesses"
Gen 23:18
in the presence of the sons of Heth
Here "presence" stands for the people serving as witnesses. Alternate Translation: "with the people of Heth watching as witnesses"
Gen 24:7
who took me from my father's house
Here "house" stands for the people in his family. Alternate Translation: "who took me from my father and the rest of my family"
Gen 24:28
ran and told her mother's household
Here "household" stands for all the people living in her mother's house. Alternate Translation: "ran to the house and told her mother and everyone there"
Gen 24:56
Yahweh has prospered my way
Here "way" stands for a journey. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has caused me to succeed in the purpose my journey"
Gen 24:60
may your descendants possess the gate of those who hate them
Armies would break through the gate of their enemies' cities and conquer the people. Alternate Translation: "may your descendants completely defeat those who hate them"
Gen 25:23
Two nations are in your womb
Here "two nations" stands for the two children. Each child will be the father of a nation. Alternate Translation: "Two nations will come from the twins within you"
Gen 25:23
two peoples will be separated from within you
Here "two peoples" stands for the two children. Each child will be the father of a people. This can be translated with an active verb. Alternate Translation: "when you give birth to these two children they will be rivals"
Gen 26:9
Abimelech called Isaac to him
Abimelech probably sent someone to tell Isaac that Abimelech wanted to see him. Alternate Translation: "Abimelech sent someone to bring Isaac to him"
Gen 26:14
a large household
Here "household" stands for workers or servants. Alternate Translation: "many servants"
Gen 26:25
called on the name of Yahweh
To "call on" means to pray or to worship. Here "name" stands for Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "prayed to Yahweh" or "worshiped Yahweh"
Gen 27:8
obey my voice as I command you
Rebekah said "my voice" to refer to what she was saying. Alternate Translation: "obey me and do what I tell you"
Gen 27:13
obey my voice
Rebekah said "my voice" to refer to what she was saying. Alternate Translation: "obey what I tell you" or "obey me"
Gen 27:29
nations bow down
Here "nations" refers to the people. Alternate Translation: "people from all nations bow down"
Gen 27:40
By your sword you will live
Here "sword" stands for violence. Alternate Translation: "You will rob and kill people in order to get what you need to live"
Gen 28:2
house of
This refers to a person's descendants or other relatives. Alternate Translation: "family"
Gen 28:14
you will spread far out to the west
The word "you" is singular and refers to Jacob. Here Jacob represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "your descendants will spread out to the west"
Gen 28:20
on this road on which I am walking
This stands for Jacob's journey to find a wife and to return home. Alternate Translation: "on this journey"
Gen 28:21
to my father's house
Here "house" stands for Jacob's family. Alternate Translation: "to my father and the rest of my family"
Gen 29:14
my bone and my flesh
This phrase means they are directly related. Alternate Translation: "my relative" or "a member of my family"
Gen 29:22
made a feast
prepared a wedding feast. Most likely Laban had others prepare the feast. Alternate Translation: "had others prepare a wedding feast"
Gen 30:35
gave them into the hand
Here "hand" stands for control or care. Alternate Translation: "had his sons take care of them"
Gen 31:27
with tambourine and with harps
These instruments stand for music. Alternate Translation: "and with music"
Gen 31:30
to your father's house
Here "house" stands for family. Alternate Translation: "to be home with your father and the rest of your family"
Gen 31:42
empty-handed
This stands for having nothing. Alternate Translation: "with absolutely nothing"
Gen 31:49
when we are out of sight one from another
Here "out of sight" stands for no longer being in each other's presence. Alternate Translation: "when we are no longer with each other"
Gen 32:8
to one camp and attacks it, then the camp that is left will escape
Here "camp" refers to the people. Alternate Translation: "to attack the people in one camp, then the people in the other camp will escape"
Gen 32:11
from the hand of my brother, from the hand of Esau
Here the word "hand" refers to power. The two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second clarifies that the brother whom Jacob intended was Esau. Alternate Translation: "from the power of my brother, Esau" or "from my brother, Esau"
Gen 32:21
So the gifts went on ahead of him
Here "gifts" stands for the servants taking the gifts.
Gen 34:7
he had disgraced Israel
Here the word "Israel" refers to every member of Jacob's family. Israel as a people group was disgraced. Alternate Translation: "he had humiliated the family of Israel" or "he had brought shame on the people of Israel"
Gen 34:25
they attacked the city
Here "city" stands for the people. Alternate Translation: "they attacked the people of the city"
Gen 35:4
that were in their hand
Here "in their hand" stands for what they own. Alternate Translation: "that were in their possession" or "that they had"
Gen 35:5
on the cities
Here "cities" stands for the people who live in the cities.
Gen 35:11
A nation and a company of nations will come from you
Here "nation" and "nations" refer to Jacob's descendants who will establish these nations.
Gen 36:43
This was Esau
This list is said "to be" Esau, which means that it is the whole list of his descendants. Alternate Translation: "This is the list of the descendants of Esau"
Gen 37:21
from their hand
The phrase "their hand" refers to the brothers' plan to kill him. Alternate Translation: "from them" or "from their plans"
Gen 37:22
out of their hand
The phrase "their hand" refers to the brothers' plan to kill him. Alternate Translation: "from them" or "from their plans"
Gen 37:27
he is our brother, our flesh
The word "flesh" is a metonym that stands for a relative. Alternate Translation: "he is our blood relative"
Gen 40:3
He put them
The king did not put them in prison but rather he commanded for them to be imprisoned. Alternate Translation: "He had them put" or "He commanded his guard to put"
Gen 40:21
He restored the chief of the cupbearers to his responsibility
The chief of the cupbearer's "responsibility" refers to his job as chief of the cupbearers. Alternate Translation: "He gave the chief of the cupbearers his job back"
Gen 40:22
But he hanged the chief of the bakers
Pharaoh did not personally hang the baker, rather he commanded for him to be hanged. Alternate Translation: "But he commanded for the chief of the bakers to be hanged" or "But he commanded his guards to hang the chief of the bakers"
Gen 41:30
all the abundance will be forgotten in the land of Egypt
Here "land" refers to the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the people of Egypt will forget about the years in which there was plenty of food"
Gen 41:30
will devastate the land
Here "land" refers to the soil, the people, and the entire country.
Gen 41:33
land of Egypt
Here "land" stands for all the people and everything in Egypt.
Gen 41:35
They should preserve it
The word "they" refers to the overseers and represents the soldiers that they should command to guard the grain. Alternate Translation: "The overseers should leave soldiers there to guard the grain"
Gen 41:36
The food will be a supply for the land
Here "land" refers to the people. Alternate Translation: "This food will be for the people"
Gen 41:36
In this way the land will not be devastated by the famine
Here "land" stands for the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "This way the people will not starve during the famine"
Gen 41:40
You will be over my house
Here "house" stands for Pharaoh's palace and the people in the palace. The phrase "will be over" means Joseph will have authority over. Alternate Translation: "You will be in charge of everyone in my palace"
Gen 41:44
apart from you, no man will lift his hand or his foot in all the land of Egypt
Here "hand" and "foot" stand for a person's actions. Alternate Translation: "no person in Egypt will do anything without your permission" or "every person in Egypt must ask your permission before they do anything"
Gen 41:46
when he stood before Pharaoh
Here "stood before" stands for Joseph starting to serve Pharaoh. Alternate Translation: "when he started to serve Pharaoh"
Gen 41:55
When all the land of Egypt was famished
Here "land" stands for the people. Alternate Translation: "When all the Egyptians were starving"
Gen 41:57
All the earth was coming to Egypt
Here "earth" stands for the people from all regions. Alternate Translation: "People were coming to Egypt from all the surrounding regions"
Gen 42:3
from Egypt
Here "Egypt" refers to the people selling grain. Alternate Translation: "from those selling grain in Egypt"
Gen 42:19
carry grain for the famine of your houses
Here "houses" stands for families. Alternate Translation: "carry grain home to help your family during this famine"
Gen 42:22
his blood is required of us
Here "blood" stands for Joseph's death. His brothers thought Joseph was dead. The phrase "is required of us" means they must be punished for what they did. Alternate Translation: "we are getting what we deserve for his death" or "we are suffering for having killed him"
Gen 42:33
take grain for the famine in your houses
Here "houses" stands for "family." Alternate Translation: "take grain to help your family during the famine"
Gen 44:7
Why does my master speak such words as these?
Here "words" stands for what was said. The brothers refer to the steward as "my master." This is a formal way of speaking to someone with greater authority. It can be stated in the second person. Alternate Translation: "Why are you saying this, my master?"
Gen 45:2
house of Pharaoh
Here "house" stands for the people in the Pharaoh's palace. Alternate Translation: "everyone in Pharaoh's palace"
Gen 45:5
to preserve life
Here "life" stands for the people that Joseph saved from dying during the famine. Alternate Translation: "so I could save many lives"
Gen 45:6
there are still five years in which there will be neither plowing nor harvest
there will be five more years without planting or harvesting. Here "neither plowing nor harvest" stands for the fact that the crops still will not grow because of the famine. Alternate Translation: "and the famine will last five more years"
Gen 45:8
of all his house
Here "house" stands for the people who live in his palace. Alternate Translation: "of all his household" or "of all his palace"
Gen 45:8
ruler of all the land of Egypt
Here "land" stands for the people. Alternate Translation: "ruler over all the people of Egypt"
Gen 45:26
he is ruler over all the land of Egypt
Here "land of Egypt" stands for the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "he rules all the people of Egypt"
Gen 46:29
Joseph prepared his chariot and went up
Here "Joseph" stands for his servants. Alternate Translation: "Joseph's servants prepared his chariot and Joseph went up"
Gen 46:31
his father's house
Here "house" stands for his family. Alternate Translation: "his father's family" or "his father's household"
Gen 47:13
The land of Egypt and the land of Canaan
This refers to the people living in these lands. Alternate Translation: "The people of Egypt and the people of Canaan"
Gen 47:14
Joseph gathered ... Joseph brought
Most likely Joseph ordered his servants to gather and bring the money.
Gen 47:15
When all the money of the lands of Egypt and Canaan was spent
Here "lands" stands for the people who live in the lands. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "When the people of Egypt and Canaan used up all their money"
Gen 47:18
There is nothing left in the sight of my master
Here "sight" stands for Joseph himself. Alternate Translation: "We have nothing left to give you, our master"
Gen 47:19
Why should we die before your eyes, both we and our land?
The word "eyes" refers to Joseph's sight. The people use a question to emphasize how desperate they are to buy food. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate Translation: "Please do not just watch as we die and our land is ruined!"
Gen 47:29
If now I have found favor in your eyes
Here "eyes" is a metonym for sight, and "sight" stands for thoughts or opinions. Alternate Translation: "If I have found favor with you" or "If I have pleased you"
Gen 48:4
I will make of you an assembly of nations
Here "you" refers to Jacob, but it stands for Jacob's descendants. Alternate Translation: "I will make your descendants into many nations"
Gen 48:16
May my name be named in them, and the name of my fathers Abraham and Isaac
Here "name" stands for the person. The phrase "my name be named in them" is an idiom that means a person is remembered because of another person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "May people remember Abraham, Isaac, and me because of Ephraim and Manasseh"
Gen 48:16
May they grow into a multitude on the earth
Here "they" refers to Ephraim and Manasseh, but it stands for their descendants. Alternate Translation: "May they have many descendants who will live all over the earth"
Gen 48:19
He also will become a people, and he also will be great
Here "He" refers to Manasseh, but it stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "Your older son will have many descendants, and they will become a great people"
Gen 48:22
the mountain slope that I took from the Amorites with my sword and my bow
Here "sword" and "bow" stands for fighting in battle. Alternate Translation: "the portion of land I fought for and took from the Amorites"
Gen 49:4
because you went up to your father's bed. Then you defiled it; you went up to my couch
Here "bed" and "couch" stand for Jacob's concubine, Bilhah. Jacob is referring to when Reuben slept with Bilhah
Gen 49:7
I will divide them in Jacob and scatter them in Israel
The word "I" refers to God. The word "them" refers to Simeon and Levi but they are a metonym standing for their descendants. The words "Jacob" and "Israel" are a metonym standing for all people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "I will divide their descendants and scatter them among all the people of Israel"
Gen 49:10
The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the ruler's staff from between his feet
The "scepter" and the "staff" are long decorated sticks that kings carried. Here they are metonymies that stand for the power to rule. And, "Judah" stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "The power to rule will always be with the descendants of Judah"
Gen 49:10
The nations will obey him
Here "nations" refer to the people. Alternate Translation: "The people of the nations will obey him"
Gen 49:13
Zebulun will live
This refers to the descendants of Zebulun. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Zebulun will live"
Gen 49:13
He will be a harbor
Here "He" stands for sea towns that the people of Zebulun will inhabit or build. These cities will provide shelter for ships.
Gen 49:14
Issachar ... He sees ... He will
Here "Issachar" is a metonym that stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Issachar ... They see ... They will"
Gen 49:15
Issachar ... He sees ... He will
Here "Issachar" is a metonym that stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Issachar ... They see ... They will"
Gen 49:16
Dan will judge his people
Here "Dan" stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Dan will judge their people"
Gen 49:19
Gad ... attack him, but he
Here "Gad" stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Gad ... attack them, but they"
Gen 49:20
Asher's food ... and he
Here "Asher" stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "Asher's descendants' food ... and they"
Gen 49:21
Naphtali is ... he will
Here "Naphtali" stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Naphtali are ... they will"
Gen 49:22
Joseph is a fruitful bough
Here "Joseph" is a metonym that stands for his descendants. Jacob speaks about them as if they were a tree branch that produces a lot of fruit. This emphasizes that they will greatly increase in number. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Joseph are a fruitful bough"
Gen 49:24
his bow will remain steady
The person holding the bow steady is spoken of as if the bow itself will remain steady. It is implied he is holding it steady as he aims at his enemy. Alternate Translation: "he will hold his bow steady as he aims at his enemy"
Gen 49:24
his bow ... his hands
Here "his" refers to Joseph who stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "their bow ... their hands"
Gen 49:24
the hands of the Mighty One
The "hands" are expressing the power of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "the power of the Mighty One"
Gen 49:24
because of the name of the Shepherd
Here "name" refers to the entire person. Alternate Translation: "because of the Shepherd"
Gen 49:25
help you ... bless you
Here "you" refers to Joseph who stands for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "help your descendants ... bless them"
Gen 49:25
blessings of the sky
Here "sky" stands for the rain that helps the crops to grow.
Gen 49:25
blessings of the deep that lies beneath
Here "deep" stands for the water underneath the ground that supplies rivers and wells.
Gen 49:25
blessings of the breasts and womb
Here "breasts and womb" stand for the ability for a mother to have children and feed them milk.
Gen 49:27
Benjamin is a hungry wolf
Here "Benjamin" is a metonym that stands for his descendants. Jacob speaks about Benjamin's descendants as if they were a hungry wolf. This emphasizes that they will be fierce warriors. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Benjamin will be like hungry wolves"
Gen 50:4
Joseph spoke to the house of Pharaoh
Here "house of Pharaoh" stands for the officials that make up Pharaoh's royal court. Alternate Translation: "Joseph spoke to Pharaoh's officials"
Gen 50:9
Chariots
Here this stands for the men riding in the chariots.
Gen 50:24
surely come to you
In [Genesis 50:24/26](./24.md) the word "you" refers to Joseph's brothers, but it also stands for their descendants.
Exo 1:1
household
This refers to all the people who live in a house together, usually a large family with servants.
Exo 1:8
arose over Egypt
Here "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "began to rule over the people of Egypt"
Exo 1:16
on the birthstool
Women sat on this short stool as they gave birth. Therefore, it is associated with birth. Alternate Translation: "as they give birth"
Exo 3:8
milk
Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate Translation: "food from livestock"
Exo 3:8
honey
Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate Translation: "food from crops"
Exo 3:17
milk
Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate Translation: "food from livestock"
Exo 3:17
honey
Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate Translation: "food from crops"
Exo 3:19
unless his hand is forced
This can be stated in active form. The word "hand" is a metonym for the power of the owner of the hand. Possible meanings are 1) "only if he sees that he has no power to do anything else," where the "hand" belongs to Pharaoh; where the "hand" belongs to Yahweh, 2) "only if I force him to let you go" or 3) "not even if I force him to let you go."
Exo 3:20
I will reach out with my hand and attack
Here "hand" refers to God's power. Alternate Translation: "I will powerfully attack"
Exo 4:10
slow of tongue
Here "tongue" refers to Moses' ability to speak. Alternate Translation: "unable to speak well"
Exo 4:12
I will be with your mouth
Here "mouth" refers to Moses' ability to speak. Alternate Translation: "I will give you the ability to speak"
Exo 4:14
he will be glad in his heart
Here "heart" refers to inner thoughts and emotions. Alternate Translation: "he will be very happy"
Exo 4:15
I will be with your mouth
The word "mouth" here represents Moses choice of words. Alternate Translation: "I will give you the right words to speak"
Exo 4:15
with his mouth
The word "mouth" here represents Aaron's choice of words. Alternate Translation: "I will give him the right words to speak"
Exo 4:16
He will be your mouth
The word "mouth" here represents Aaron repeating what Moses told him. Alternate Translation: "He will say what you tell him to say"
Exo 4:22
Israel is my son
The word "Israel" here represents all the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "The people of Israel are my own children"
Exo 4:23
you have refused to let him go
The word "him" refers to the people of Israel as God's son. Alternate Translation: "you have refused to let my son go"
Exo 5:2
listen to his voice
The words "his voice" represent the words God spoke. Alternate Translation: "listen to what he says"
Exo 5:3
or with the sword
Here "sword" represents war or an attack by enemies. Alternate Translation: "or cause our enemies to attack us"
Exo 5:21
have put a sword in their hand to kill us
Here "a sword" represents an opportunity to destroy enemies. Alternate Translation: "have given them a reason to kill us"
Exo 5:23
to speak to him in your name
The word "name" here represents the message of God. Alternate Translation: "to give him your message"
Exo 6:1
my strong hand
The word "hand" here represents God's actions or works. Alternate Translation: "the power I show in my works"
Exo 6:25
These were the heads of the fathers' houses
The word "heads" here represents family leaders. Alternate Translation: "These were the leaders of the families"
Exo 7:4
put my hand on ... reach out with my hand on
The words "my hand" represent God's great power. Alternate Translation: "use my power against ... show my powerful acts against"
Exo 7:5
put my hand on ... reach out with my hand on
The words "my hand" represent God's great power. Alternate Translation: "use my power against ... show my powerful acts against"
Exo 8:19
This is the finger of God
The words "finger of God" represent the power of God. Alternate Translation: "This is the powerful work of God"
Exo 9:3
then Yahweh's hand will be on your cattle
The word "hand" here represents Yahweh's power to afflict their animals with disease. Alternate Translation: "then the power of Yahweh will afflict your cattle"
Exo 9:4
Israel's cattle
Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the cattle belonging to the people of Israel"
Exo 9:4
Egypt's cattle
Here "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "the cattle belonging to the people of Egypt"
Exo 9:6
cattle of Egypt
Here "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "the cattle belonging to the people of Egypt"
Exo 9:15
reached out with my hand and attacked you
Here "my hand" refers to God's power. Alternate Translation: "used my power to strike you"
Exo 9:16
so that my name may be proclaimed throughout all the earth
Here "my name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "so that people everywhere will know I am great"
Exo 10:17
take this death away from me
The word "death" here refers to the destruction by the locusts of all plants in Egypt, which would eventually lead to the deaths of people because there were no crops. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate Translation: "stop this destruction that will lead to our deaths"
Exo 13:3
Yahweh's strong hand
Here the word "hand" refers to power. See how you translated "strong hand" in [Exodus 6:1](../06/01.md).
Exo 13:9
so the law of Yahweh may be in your mouth
The words "in your mouth" here refers to the words that they speak. Alternate Translation: "so you may always be speaking of the law of Yahweh"
Exo 13:9
strong hand
The word "hand" here represents God's actions or works. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:1](../06/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the power I show in my works"
Exo 13:14
strong hand
The word "hand" here represents God's actions or works. See how you translated this in [Exodus 6:1](../06/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the power I show in my works"
Exo 14:5
the minds of Pharaoh and his servants turned against the people
Here the word "minds" refers to their attitudes towards the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "Pharaoh and his servants changed their attitudes about the people"
Exo 14:30
out of the hand of the Egyptians
Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "from the Egyptians' power"
Exo 15:2
Yahweh is my strength
Possible meanings are 1) "Yahweh is the one who gives me strength" or 2) "Yahweh is the strong one who protects me."
Exo 15:2
song
Moses calls Yahweh his song because Yahweh is the one he sings about. Alternate Translation: "the one I sing about"
Exo 15:2
he has become my salvation
Moses calls God his salvation because God saved him. Alternate Translation: "he has saved me" or "he is the one who saves me"
Exo 15:6
Your right hand, Yahweh, is glorious in power
Moses speaks of God as if God had hands. The right hand refers to God's power or the things God does powerfully. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh, your power is glorious" or "Yahweh, what you do is glorious in power"
Exo 15:6
your right hand, Yahweh, has shattered the enemy
Moses speaks of God as if God had hands. The right hand refers to God's power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh, your power has shattered the enemy" or "Yahweh, by your power you have shattered the enemy"
Exo 15:9
my hand will destroy them
The enemies speak of destroying the Israelites by the power of their hands as if it were their hands that would destroy them. Alternate Translation: "I will destroy them with my hand"
Exo 15:12
with your right hand
The phrase "right hand" represents the strong power of God. Alternate Translation: "with your strong power"
Exo 15:16
Because of your arm's power
God's arm represents his great strength. Alternate Translation: "Because of your great strength"
Exo 15:17
that your hands have built
The phrase "your hands" refers to God's power. Alternate Translation: "that you have built by your power"
Exo 15:22
Moses led Israel
The word "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Moses led the Israelite people"
The author writes of Moses' arms becoming tired as if his hands became heavy. Alternate Translation: "arms became tired"
Exo 17:13
with the sword
The sword represents battle. Alternate Translation: "in battle"
Exo 17:14
Amalek
This refers to the Amalekites. Alternate Translation: Amalekites"
Exo 17:16
a hand was lifted up
People would raise their hand when they made a promise or pledge, so raising the hand represents making a promise. Alternate Translation: "a promise was made"
Exo 18:4
Pharaoh's sword
This represents being killed by Pharaoh or Pharaoh's army. Alternate Translation: "being killed by Pharaoh" or "being killed by Pharaoh's army"
Exo 18:8
for Israel's sake
The word "Israel" represents the Israelite people. Alternate Translation: "in order to help the Israelite people"
Exo 18:9
the hand of the Egyptians ... the hand of Pharaoh
The hand represents the power of someone to do something. Alternate Translation: "the power of the Egyptians ... the power of Pharaoh" or "what the Egyptians were doing to you ... what Pharaoh was doing to you"
Exo 18:10
the hand of the Egyptians ... the hand of Pharaoh
The hand represents the power of someone to do something. Alternate Translation: "the power of the Egyptians ... the power of Pharaoh" or "what the Egyptians were doing to you ... what Pharaoh was doing to you"
Exo 18:14
you sit alone
The word "sit" here is a metonym for "judge." Judges would sit while they listened to people's complaints. Alternate Translation: "you judge alone" or "you are the only one who judges the people"
Exo 19:3
the house of Jacob
The word "house" here represents Jacob's family and descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Jacob"
Exo 19:5
my voice
God's voice represents what he says. Alternate Translation: "what I say" or "my words"
Exo 19:8
the people's words
The word "words" refers to what the people said. Alternate Translation: "what the people said"
Exo 19:19
in a voice
The word "voice" here refers to a sound that God made. Possible meanings are 1) "by speaking loudly like thunder" or 2) "by speaking" or 3) "by causing thunder to sound"
Exo 20:10
within your gates
Cities often had walls around them to keep out enemies, and gates for people to go in and out. Alternate Translation: "within your community" or "inside your city"
Exo 20:24
cause my name to be honored
Here "name" is a metonym for God's being. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "choose for you to honor me"
Exo 22:24
I will kill you with the sword
To be killed "with the sword" is a metonym that means a person will die violently, or perhaps fighting in a war. Alternate Translation: "you will die a violent death"
Exo 23:13
mention the names of other gods
This represents praying to other gods. Alternate Translation: "pray to other gods"
Exo 23:21
My name is on him
Here "name" refers to God's authority. Alternate Translation: "He has my authority"
Exo 23:22
If you indeed obey his voice
Here "voice" represents what the angel says. Alternate Translation: "If you carefully obey what he says"
Exo 24:11
God did not lay a hand on the Israelite leaders
This means that God did not harm the leaders. Alternate Translation: "God did not harm the Israelite leaders"
Exo 24:16
Yahweh's glory
This was the brilliant light of God's presence. Alternate Translation: "The brilliant light showing God's presence"
Exo 31:2
I have called by name
God speaks of choosing specific people as calling them by name. Alternate Translation: "I have chosen"
Exo 32:11
a mighty hand
Here the word "hand" refers to the things Yahweh did. Alternate Translation: "and the powerful things you did"
Exo 32:32
blot me out of the book
The word "me" here refers to the name of Moses. Alternate Translation: "erase my name from the book"
Exo 32:33
that person I will blot out of my book
The phrase "that person" represents "that person's name." Alternate Translation: "I will erase that person's name from my book"
Exo 33:3
that land, which is flowing with milk and honey
The land was good for raising livestock and growing crops. See how you translated this in [Exodus 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate Translation: "a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops"
Exo 33:3
milk
Since milk comes from cows and goats, this represents food produced by livestock. Alternate Translation: "food from livestock"
Exo 33:3
honey
Since honey is produced from flowers, this represents food from crops. Alternate Translation: "food from crops"
Exo 33:14
My own presence will go
God's presence represents himself. Alternate Translation: "I will go"
Exo 33:19
I will make all my goodness pass before you
God speaks of walking past Moses so that Moses can see his goodness as if only his goodness would go past Moses. Alternate Translation: "I will move past you so that you may see my goodness"
Exo 34:3
Do not let anyone else be seen anywhere on the mountain
Being seen doing something represents doing that. Alternate Translation: "Do not let anyone else be anywhere on the mountain"
Exo 34:5
he pronounced the name "Yahweh."
Possible meanings are 1) "he spoke the name 'Yahweh.'" or 2) "he proclaimed who Yahweh is." For the second meaning, "name" would represent who God is.
Exo 34:7
their children
The word "children" represents descendants. Alternate Translation: "their descendants"
Exo 34:14
Yahweh, whose name is Jealous
The word "Jealous" here means that God is concerned to keep his honor. If his people worship other gods, he loses honor, because when his people do not honor him, other people also will not honor him. Alternate Translation: "I, Yahweh, always guard my honor"
Exo 34:14
whose name is Jealous,
The word "name" here represents God's character. Alternate Translation: "I, Yahweh, who am always jealous" or "I, Yahweh, am always jealous"
Exo 34:20
No one may appear before me empty-handed
God speaks of the offering as if the person was to carry it in his hands. Alternate Translation: "No one may come to me without an offering" or "Everyone who comes to me must bring me an offering"
Exo 35:20
all the tribes of Israel
This refers to the people in the tribes. Alternate Translation: "the people from all the tribes of Israel"
Lev 9:6
so that his glory may appear to you
Here "glory" represents the presence of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "so that he may show you the glory of his presence"
Lev 9:23
the glory of Yahweh appeared to all the people
Here "glory" represents Yahweh's presence. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh showed all the people the glory of his presence"
Lev 10:6
the entire house of Israel
Here "house" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Israel"
Lev 16:16
in the presence of their unclean actions
The phrase "their unclean actions" represents the people who commit sinful actions. Alternate Translation: "in the presence of people who commit sinful actions"
Lev 18:21
you must not profane the name of your God
Here the word "profane" means to dishonor. The word "name" represents God himself. Alternate Translation: "you must not dishonor your God"
Lev 18:24
the nations are defiled
This refers to the people groups already living in Canaan. Translate this so the term "nations" is clarified as people. Alternate Translation: "the people of the nations defiled themselves"
Lev 19:29
the nation will fall to prostitution and the land will become full of wickedness
Here the words "nation" and "land" represent the people who live there. Many people practicing prostitution and other wicked deeds is spoken of as if the they have fallen into or become full of those things. Alternate Translation: "the people will begin to practice prostitution and many wicked things"
Lev 20:3
profane my holy name
God's name represents God and his reputation. Alternate Translation: "dishonor my reputation" or "dishonor me"
Lev 20:4
close their eyes to
The phrase "to close their eyes" implies they "cannot see." This speaks of ignoring something as not seeing. Alternate Translation: "disregard" or "ignore"
Lev 21:6
not disgrace the name of their God
This word "name" is used to represent Yahweh's character. Alternate Translation: "not disgrace God's reputation" or "not disgrace their God"
Lev 22:2
profane my holy name
The word "profane" here means to dishonor. The word "name" represents Yahweh's character. Alternate Translation: "dishonor my reputation" or "dishonor me"
Lev 22:32
You must not profane my holy name
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself and his reputation and "profane" means to remove the honor that belongs to God as Creator and Lord of the universe. Alternate Translation: "You must not dishonor me, for I am holy" or "You must not dishonor my holy reputation"
Lev 23:3
a holy assembly
The requirement that people assemble to worship God on that day is spoken of as if that day were the assembly. Alternate Translation: "a holy day, when you must assemble together to worship me"
Lev 23:8
The seventh day is an assembly set apart to Yahweh
The requirement that people assemble on that day is spoken of as if that day were the assembly. Being set apart to Yahweh means that when they assemble, they must worship Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "The seventh day is a day when you must assemble together to worship Yahweh"
Lev 26:6
the sword will not pass through your land
Here the word "sword" represents enemy armies or enemy attacks. Alternate Translation: "no armies will attack you"
Lev 26:25
I will bring a sword on you
Here the word "sword" represents an army or an attack from an army. Alternate Translation: "I will bring an enemy army against you" or "I will cause an enemy army to attack you"
Lev 26:25
you will be delivered into the hand of your enemy
Here "into the hand" means "into the control" and refers to defeat by their enemy. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will deliver you into the hand of your enemy" or "I will allow your enemy to control you"
Lev 26:27
If you do not listen to me
Listening represents obeying what he has said. Alternate Translation: "If you do not obey me"
Lev 26:30
I will destroy ... cut down ... throw your corpses
Because God would send an army to do these things, he speaks as if he would do them. Alternate Translation: "I will send an enemy army to destroy ... cut down ... throw your corpses"
Lev 26:31
I will turn your cities into ruins and destroy your sanctuaries
Because God would send armies to do these things, he speaks as if he would do them. Alternate Translation: "I will send enemy armies to turn your cities into ruins and destroy your sanctuaries"
Lev 26:33
I will draw out my sword and follow you
This represents sending armies to attack them. Alternate Translation: "I will send enemy armies to attack you" or "I will send enemy armies to attack you with their swords"
Lev 26:36
as though you were fleeing from the sword
The sword represents either someone who is ready to kill using a sword or an attack from an enemy army. Alternate Translation: "as though you were fleeing from someone who was chasing you with a sword" or "as though you were fleeing from an enemy army"
Lev 26:37
as though you were running from the sword
The sword represents either someone who is ready to kill using a sword or an attack from an enemy army. Alternate Translation: "as though you were running away from someone who was chasing you with a sword" or "as though you were running away from an enemy army"
Lev 26:37
to stand before your enemies
Standing before the enemies represents not falling when the enemies attack and fighting against them. Alternate Translation: "to resist your enemies when they attack you" or "to fight back against your enemies"
Lev 26:39
their fathers' sins
Here "their fathers" represents their ancestors.
Lev 26:40
their fathers' sin
The word "fathers" represents their ancestors.
Lev 26:45
in the sight of the nations
This represents the knowledge of the nations. Alternate Translation: "in the knowledge of the nations" or "and the nations knew about it"
Lev 26:45
the nations
This represents the people of the nations. Alternate Translation: "the people of the nations"
Lev 27:16
a homer of barley will be valued at
Here "a homer of barley" represents a piece of land that would need one homer of barley in order to plant on all of it. Alternate Translation: "a piece of land that requires one homer of barley in order to plant all of it will be valued at" or 'the value of land that requires one homer of barley will be"
Lev 27:32
whatever passes under the shepherd's rod
This refers to the way they would count their animals. Alternate Translation: "when you count your animals by raising your shepherd rod and having them walk under it to the other side" or "when you count the animals"
Num 3:4
before Yahweh
This refers to Yahweh's presence, meaning that Yahweh saw everything that happened. Alternate Translation: "in Yahweh's presence"
Num 3:4
they offered to him unacceptable fire
Here the word "fire" is used to refer to "burning incense." Alternate Translation: "they burned an incense offering in a way that Yahweh did not approve of"
Num 3:6
Bring the tribe of Levi
Here the word "tribe" refers to the men in the tribe. Alternate Translation: "Bring the men of the tribe of Levi"
Num 3:8
help the tribes of Israel
Here the "tribes of Israel" refer to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "help the people of Israel"
Num 3:48
the price of redemption that you paid
Here the word "price" refers to the shekels that Moses collected. Alternate Translation: "the money that you collected for their redemption"
Num 4:5
When the camp prepares
Here "camp" refers to all of the people in the camp. Alternate Translation: "When the people prepare"
Num 4:15
when the camp moves forward
Here the word "camp" refers to all of the people in the camp. Alternate Translation: "when the people move forward"
Num 4:16
the oil for the light
Here the word "light" is used to refer to the "lamps." Alternate Translation: "the oil for the lamps"
Num 5:7
the price of his guilt
Here the person's "sin" is referred to as his "guilt." Alternate Translation: "what is considered a suitable amount of money for the wrong that he has done"
Num 5:8
to atone for himself
The atonement is made for the man's sin. Here Yahweh refers to the man's sin as the man who committed it. Alternate Translation: "to atone for his sin"
Num 5:14
a spirit of jealousy might still inform the husband
Here the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude and emotions. His "jealously" is spoken of as if it were a person who spoke to him. Alternate Translation: "the husband might feel jealous and become suspicious"
Num 5:14
a spirit of jealousy might falsely come on a man
Here the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude and emotions. The idea of the spirit "coming on him" means that he began to have these jealous feelings. Alternate Translation: "a man might feel jealous for no reason"
Num 5:20
under her husband
This phrase means that she is under her husband's authority. Alternate Translation: "under her husband's authority"
Num 5:30
a spirit of jealousy
This phrase refers to the man's attitude and emotions of jealousy. See how you translated this in [Numbers 5:14](./14.md). Alternate Translation: "who is jealous"
Num 6:9
defiles his consecrated head
Here "head" represents the Nazirite man's hair, which symbolizes his vow. Alternate Translation: "defiles his long hair which shows everyone he is separated to God" or "he becomes defiled"
Num 7:2
the heads of their ancestor's families
Here the leaders of the families are referred to as "heads." Alternate Translation: "the leaders of their ancestor's families"
Num 10:2
Make two silver trumpets
This means that Yahweh commanded Moses to have someone make the trumpet. He did not make them himself. Alternate Translation: "Tell someone to make two silver trumpets"
Num 10:2
You must use the trumpets
Moses will not blow the trumpets himself, but he will command the priests to blow them.
Num 10:9
then you must sound an alarm with the trumpets
Here Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word "you" but actually wants Moses to have the priests blow the trumpets. Alternate Translation: "then you must command the priests to sound an alarm with the trumpets"
Num 10:10
you must blow the trumpets
Here Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word "you," but actually wants him to have the priests blow the trumpets. Alternate Translation: "you must command the priests to blow the trumpets",
Num 11:17
some of the Spirit that is on you
The "Spirit" here represents the power that God's Spirit had given to Moses so that Moses could do what God told him to do. Alternate Translation: "some of the power that the Spirit has given you"
Num 11:23
Is my hand short?
Here the word "hand" represents God's power. God uses this question to rebuke Moses for thinking that God did not have the power to provide enough meat for the people. Alternate Translation: "Do you think that I am not powerful enough to do this?" or "You should know I am more than strong enough to do this."
Num 11:25
some of the Spirit that was on Moses
The "Spirit" here represents the power that God's Spirit had given to Moses. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 11:17](./17.md). Alternate Translation: "some of the power that the Spirit had given to Moses"
Num 12:7
He is faithful in all my house
Here "my house" represents the nation of Israel. Being faithful in God's house represents being faithful in leading Israel. Alternate Translation: "Moses leads my people faithfully" or "Moses is the one whom I trust to lead my people Israel"
Num 12:11
do not hold this sin against us
To hold people's sin against them is to say that they are guilty for their sin. Here it represents punishing them for their sin.
Num 13:26
They brought back word
Here "word" refers to a report. Alternate Translation: "They brought back their report" or "They reported what they had seen"
Num 13:27
milk
Since milk comes from cows and goats, it represents livestock and the food produced from the livestock. Alternate Translation: "food from livestock"
Num 13:27
honey
Since honey is produced from flowers, it represents crops and the food produced from the crops. Alternate Translation: "food from crops"
Num 14:3
to die by the sword
Here "the sword" represents either being killed by the sword or being killed in battle. Alternate Translation: "to die when people attack us with swords" or "to die in battle" or
Num 14:22
have not listened to my voice
Here "listened" represents obedience, and God's voice represents what he said. Alternate Translation: "have not obeyed what I have said"
Num 14:24
because he had another spirit
Here "spirit" represents his attitude. Caleb was willing to obey God. What his attitude was can be stated clearly. Alternate Translation: "because he had a different attitude" or "because he was willing to obey God"
Num 14:29
Your dead bodies will fall
Their dead bodies falling represents them dying. Alternate Translation: "You will die"
Num 14:32
your dead bodies will fall
Their dead bodies falling represents them dying. Alternate Translation: "you will die"
Num 14:33
until the end of your corpses
A corpse is a dead body. The end of their corpses represents the last of the them dying. Alternate Translation: "until the last one of you dies" or "until all of you die"
Num 14:43
you will die by the sword
Here "the sword" refers to battle. Alternate Translation: "you will die in battle" or "they will kill you when you fight against them"
Num 15:20
the first of your dough
Possible meanings are that this refers to 1) the first grain that they would gather during the harvest or 2) the dough that they would make from the first of their grain.
Num 15:31
has broken my commandment
Not obeying a commandment is spoken of as breaking it. Alternate Translation: "has disobeyed my commandment" or "has not obeyed what I commanded"
Num 15:31
His sin will be on him
Here "sin" represents either 1) punishment for that sin or 2) guilt of that sin. Sin being on him is a metaphor for either 1) being punished or 2) being guilty. Alternate Translation: 1) "I will punish him because of his sin" or 2) "I will consider him guilty"
Num 16:22
the God of the spirits of all humanity
Here "spirits" represents the ability to live. Alternate Translation: "the God who gives life to all humanity"
Num 16:38
those who lost their lives
Losing their lives represents dying. Alternate Translation: "those who died"
Num 16:46
anger is coming from Yahweh
Anger coming from God represents God showing his anger. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh is showing us his anger" or "Yahweh is very angry and is acting according to his anger"
Num 16:47
he put in the incense
Putting the incense in the censer here represents burning it. Alternate Translation: "he burned the incense"
Num 18:5
so that my anger does not come on the people of Israel again
Possible meanings are 1) this represents God being extremely angry with his people. Alternate Translation: "so that I do not become very angry with the people of Israel again" or 2) this represents God punishing them because of his anger. Alternate Translation: "so that I do not punish the people of Israel again"
Num 18:6
given to me
Here "given" to God represents being set apart to serve God. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "which I have set apart for myself" or "and I have set them apart for myself"
Num 18:7
everything inside the curtain
Being inside the curtain represents being inside the room behind the curtain. Alternate Translation: "everything in the room behind the curtain"
Num 19:12
purify himself
The person would ask someone who is clean to purify him by sprinkling on him some water mixed with the cows ashes. Asking someone to purify him is spoken of as if he were to purify himself. Alternate Translation: "ask someone to purify him"
Num 20:3
in front of Yahweh
This represents being in front of Yahweh's tent.
Num 20:9
from before Yahweh
This represents Yahweh's tent. Alternate Translation: "from Yahweh's tent"
Num 20:16
he heard our voice
Here "voice" represents their crying or what they said to him. Alternate Translation: "he heard our cry" or "he heard what we asked for"
Num 20:17
We will not turn aside to the right hand or to the left
Here "turn aside" represents leaving the road. Alternate Translation: "We will not leave the road in any direction"
Num 20:18
I will come with the sword
Here the sword represents the king's army. Alternate Translation: "I will send my army"
Num 20:20
the king of Edom came against Israel with a strong hand with many soldiers
Here the hand represents the king's powerful army. Alternate Translation: "the king of Edom sent a strong army of many soldiers to attack Israel"
Num 21:1
he fought against Israel
Here "he fought" means that his army fought. Alternate Translation: "his army fought against Israel"
Num 21:2
Israel vowed
This refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "The people of Israel vowed" or "The Israelites made a vow"
Num 21:3
listened to Israel's voice
Here "listen" means that Yahweh did as they asked. Alternate Translation: "did what Israel asked"
Num 21:3
Israel's voice
Here "voice" is a metonym that refers to their request. Alternate Translation: "what Israel asked"
Num 21:17
Spring up, well
Here "well" represents the water in the well. The Israelites are speaking to the water as if it were a person who could hear them, and they are asking for it to fill the well. Alternate Translation: "Water, fill up the well"
Num 21:21
Then Israel
Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel, and especially to their leaders. Alternate Translation: "Then the Israelites"
Num 21:24
Israel attacked
Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "The Israelites attacked"
Num 21:24
with the edge of the sword
with the sharp part of the sword. The "edge of the sword" is associated with death and complete destruction. Alternate Translation: "and completely defeated them"
Num 22:3
Moab was very afraid
Here "Moab" refers to the people of Moab. Alternate Translation: "All of the Moabites were very afraid"
Num 22:28
Then Yahweh opened the donkey's mouth so she could talk
Opening the mouth is associated with the ability to speak. Alternate Translation: "Then Yahweh gave the donkey the ability to speak like a human would speak"
Num 22:31
Then Yahweh opened Balaam's eyes, and he saw the angel of Yahweh
To "open one's eyes" is associated with being able to see. Alternate Translation: "Then Yahweh gave Balaam the ability to see the angel of Yahweh"
Num 23:9
I see him ... I look at him
Here "him" is a metonym that refers to the people of Israel.
Num 23:10
a righteous person ... like his
These are metonymies that refer to the people of Israel as a single person.
Num 24:7
Water flows ... well-watered
Abundant water is associated with God's blessing on the crops of the land. Alternate Translation: "God will bless Israel with plenty of water for their crops"
Num 24:7
their seed is well-watered
Well-watered seed refers to God's blessing on his people so that they will have abundant crops. Alternate Translation: "they will have plenty of water for their seed to grow healthy crops"
Num 24:17
out of Jacob
Here "Jacob" refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "from among the descendants of Jacob"
Num 24:17
out of Israel
Here "Israel" refers to future Israelites. Alternate Translation: "from among the Israelites in the future"
Num 24:19
Out of Jacob a king will come
Jacob was the ancestor of the Israelites. "Jacob" is a metonym that refers to the whole people group.
Num 24:20
Balaam looked at Amalek
Here "Amalek" is a metonym that refers to the people of Amalek. This continues Balaam's vision while turning to look in the direction of the Amalek nation, and then he prophecies about the Amalekites.
Num 26:61
they offered before Yahweh unacceptable fire
Here the word "fire" is used to refer to "burning incense." See how you translated a similar phrase in [Numbers 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate Translation: "they burned an incense offering to Yahweh in a way that he did not approve of"
Num 30:2
everything that comes out of his mouth
Here the word "mouth" is a metonym for the things that the man says. Alternate Translation: "to do everything that he says he will do"
Num 30:6
if he overrules her
Here the father overruling the woman's promise is spoken of as if he were overruling "her." Alternate Translation: "if her overrules her promise" or "if he cancels her promise"
Num 30:12
then whatever came out of her lips
Here what the woman said is referred to as something that came out of her lips. Alternate Translation: "then whatever she said"
Num 32:22
the land is subdued before him
Here the word "land" refers to the people who live there. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "in his presence the Israelites have subdued the people who live in the land"
Num 35:19
The avenger of blood
Here the word "blood" is a metonym for the murder. Alternate Translation: "The one who avenges the murder" or "The relative seeking vengeance"
Num 35:24
the avenger of blood
Here the word "blood" is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated this phrase in [Numbers 35:19](./19.md). Alternate Translation: "the one who avenges the murder" or "the relative seeking vengeance"
Num 35:27
the avenger of blood
Here the word "blood" is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated these words in [Numbers 35:19](./19.md). Alternate Translation: "the one who avenges the murder" or "the relative seeking vengeance"
Num 36:7
No share
The word "share" represents the portion of land that each tribe received as an inheritance. Alternate Translation: "No portion of the land"
Deu 1:27
into the hand of the Amorites
Here "into the hand" means to give the Amorites power over them. Alternate Translation: "into the power of the Amorites"
Deu 1:41
to attack the hill country
Here the metonym "hill country" represents the people that live there. Alternate Translation: "to attack the people who live in the hill country"
Deu 1:43
attacked the hill country
The metonym "hill country" stands for the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "attacked the people who live in the hill country"
Deu 2:7
he has known your walking
Here what happened to the people while they were walking is spoken of as their "walking."
Deu 2:9
Do not trouble Moab
The word "Moab" represents the people of Moab. Alternate Translation: "Do not trouble the people of Moab"
Deu 2:24
I have given into your hand
The metonym "into your hand" means "into your control or power." Alternate Translation: "I have given you the power to defeat"
Deu 3:8
out of the hand of the two kings
Here the metonym "out of the hand of" means "from the control of." Alternate Translation: "from the control of the two kings" or "from the two kings"
Deu 3:24
your strong hand
Here the metonym "hand" means control or power. Alternate Translation: "your power"
Deu 4:6
this great nation is a wise and understanding people
The word "nation" is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate Translation: "the people of this great nation are wise and understanding"
Deu 4:26
I call heaven and earth to witness
Possible meanings are 1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says or 2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says.
Deu 4:29
with all your heart and with all your soul
Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly."
Deu 4:36
made you ... you heard
Moses speaks as if the people to whom he was speaking were the people he had spoken to at Mount Sinai many years earlier. The people at Mount Sinai were actually the fathers of the people to whom he was speaking these words. Alternate Translation: "made your fathers ... your fathers heard"
Deu 5:6
out of the house of slavery
Here the metonym "house of slavery" refers to Egypt where the people of Israel had been slaves. Alternate Translation: "out of the place where you were slaves"
Deu 6:5
with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your might
Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These three phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated "with all your heart, with all your soul" in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 6:8
tie them
This is a metonym for "write these words on parchment, put the parchment in a pouch, and tie the pouch." This metonym in turn may be a metaphor for "obey these words so that it is as if they were physically there." Alternate Translation: "tie these words"
Deu 6:8
they will serve as frontlets
This is a metonym for "write these words on parchment, put the parchment in a pouch, and tie the pouch to your head so it sits." This metonym in turn may be a metaphor for "obey these words so that it is as if they were physically there." Alternate Translation: "my words will serve as frontlets"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
Deu 6:12
out of the house of bondage
Here the metonym "house of bondage" refers to Egypt, the place where the people of Israel had been slaves. Alternate Translation: "out of the place where you were slaves"
Deu 6:13
you will swear by his name
To swear by the name of Yahweh means to make Yahweh the basis or the power on which the oath is made. The metonym "his name" refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "you will swear and ask Yahweh to confirm it" or "when you swear you will speak his name"
Deu 6:20
What are the covenant decrees ... commanded you
In this question the "covenant decrees" represent their meaning and purpose. Alternate Translation: "What do the covenant decrees ... commanded mean to you" or "Why should you obey the covenant decrees ... commanded you"
Deu 6:22
on all his house
Here the metonym "his house" refers to the people of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "on all of his people"
Deu 6:25
this will be our righteousness
The word "this" refers to keeping Yahweh's commands. This is a metonym for Yahweh considering them righteous. Alternate Translation: "he will consider us righteous"
Deu 7:8
hand of Pharaoh
Here "hand" means "the control of." Alternate Translation: "control of Pharaoh"
Deu 7:16
your eye will not pity them
This is a command. Moses speaks as if what the eye sees were the eye itself. Alternate Translation: "do not allow what you see to cause you to pity them" or "do not pity them because you see that what you are doing is hurting them"
Deu 8:2
what was in your heart
The heart is a symbol of a person's character. Alternate Translation: "what kind of people you are" or "how you would behave"
Deu 8:3
it is by everything that proceeds out of the mouth of Yahweh that people live
Here "the mouth of Yahweh" is a metonym for the words that Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "people must obey the commands of Yahweh so they can live" or "people must do what Yahweh tells them to do so they can live"
Deu 8:5
You will think about in your heart
Here the metonym "heart" represents the thoughts and understanding of a person. Alternate Translation: "You will understand"
Deu 8:12
your heart will be lifted up
Here "heart" represents the inner person. To become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh is spoken of as if the person's heart is lifted up. Alternate Translation: "you will become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh"
Deu 8:14
your heart becomes lifted up
Here "heart" represents the inner person. To become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh is spoken of as if the person's heart is lifted up. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 8:12](./12.md). Alternate Translation: "you become prideful and no longer obey Yahweh"
Deu 8:17
but you may say in your heart
This is the third thing the people might do when their hearts "become lifted up" and they "forget Yahweh" ([Deuteronomy 8:14](./14.md)). Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's innermost thoughts. Alternate Translation: "but you may think to yourself"
Deu 8:17
My power and the might of my hand acquired all this wealth
Here "hand" refers to a man's power or ability. Alternate Translation: "I got this wealth because I am so strong and powerful" or "I have acquired all these things by my own power and ability"
Deu 8:20
would not listen to the voice of Yahweh
Here "the voice of Yahweh" means what Yahweh tells his people to do. Alternate Translation: "would not obey Yahweh's commandments"
Deu 9:1
Hear, Israel
The word "Israel" is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Listen, people of Israel"
Deu 9:4
Do not say in your heart
Here "in your heart" means "in your thoughts." Alternate Translation: "Do not think to yourselves"
Deu 9:5
so that he may make come true the word
Here the metonym "the word" refers to what God has promised. Alternate Translation: "so that he may fulfill the promise"
Deu 9:21
your sin, the calf that you had made
Here the gold calf itself referred to as their "sin." Alternate Translation: "the calf, which you sinfully made"
Deu 9:23
rebelled against the commandment
The word "commandment" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "rebelled against Yahweh; you did not obey the commandment"
Deu 9:23
listen to his voice
Here "his voice" means what God had said. Alternate Translation: "obey what he said"
Deu 9:26
through your greatness
The word "greatness" is a metonym for Yahweh's great power. Alternate Translation: "through your great power"
Deu 9:28
so that the land from where you brought us
The words "the land" are a metonym for the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "so that the people of Egypt"
Deu 10:8
in his name
Here "name" refers to authority. Alternate Translation: "as representatives of Yahweh"
Deu 10:12
Now, Israel
Here the metonym "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Now, people of Israel"
Deu 10:12
with all your heart and with all your soul
Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated these two phrases in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 10:20
by his name will you swear
To swear by the name of Yahweh means to make Yahweh the basis or the power on which the oath is made. Here "name" represents Yahweh himself. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Deuteronomy 6:13](../06/13.md). Alternate Translation: "you will swear and ask Yahweh to confirm it" or "when you swear you will speak his name"
Deu 11:3
to all his land
Here "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "to all his people"
Deu 11:10
watered it with your foot
Possible meanings are 1) "foot" is a metonym that represents the hard work of walking to carry water to the fields. Alternate Translation: "worked hard to water it" or 2) they would use their feet to turn a water wheel that supplied water to the fields.
Deu 11:12
the eyes of Yahweh your God are always upon it
Here "eyes" represents attention and care. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh your God is always watching over it"
Deu 11:16
so that your heart is not deceived
Here "heart" represents a person's desires or thoughts. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "so that your desires do not deceive you" or "so that you do not deceive yourself"
Deu 11:18
your heart and soul
Here "heart" and "soul" represent a person's mind or thoughts.
Deu 11:18
bind them
tie these words. This is a metonym that represents a person writing the words on a parchment, putting the parchment in a pouch, and tying the pouch. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor meaning the people must be careful to obey Moses's commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md).
Deu 11:18
let them be as frontlets between your eyes
let my words be as as frontlets between your eyes. This is a metonym that represents a person writing Moses' words on parchement, putting the parchement in a pouch, and tying the pouch so it sits between his eyes. This metonymy in turn may be a metaphor that means the person must be careful to obey all of Moses' commands. See how you translated similar phrases in [Deuteronomy 6:8](../06/08.md).
Deu 11:23
all these nations from before you, and you will dispossess nations
Here "nations" represent the people groups already living in Canaan. Alternate Translation: "all of these people groups from before you, and you will take the land from people groups"
Deu 11:25
upon all the land that you tread on
Here "the land" is a metonym for all the people in the land. Alternate Translation: "upon all the people in every place you go"
Deu 12:2
the nations that you will dispossess
Here "nations" represents the people groups that live in Canaan. Alternate Translation: "the people groups whose land you will take"
Deu 12:3
destroy their name
Here "their name" represents "the memory of them." Alternate Translation: "destroy them so completely that no one will remember them" or "destroy anything that represents these false gods"
Deu 12:5
the place that Yahweh your God will choose out of all your tribes to put his name
Here "his name" refers to God himself. Yahweh will choose one location where he will live and people will come to worship him there.
Deu 12:12
he has no portion
Here "he" refers to Levi. Levi represents all of his descendants. Alternate Translation: "they have no portion"
Deu 12:21
chooses to put his name
Here "name" refers to God himself. Yahweh would choose a place where he will live and the people will come to worship him. Alternate Translation: "chooses to dwell"
Deu 12:23
you will not eat the life with the meat
The word "life" here represents the blood that sustains life. Alternate Translation: "You will not eat what sustains life with the meat" or "you will not eat the blood, which sustains life, with the meat"
Deu 12:29
the nations
Here "nations" represents the people living in Canaan.
Deu 13:3
with all your heart and with all your soul
Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 13:4
obey his voice
Here "voice" represents what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "obey what he says"
Deu 13:5
the house of bondage
Here "house of bondage" represents Egypt where the people of Yahweh had been slaves. Alternate Translation: "Egypt where you were slaves"
Deu 13:6
friend who is to you like your own soul
Here "soul" represents the person's life. This means the person cares for his friend as much as he cares for his own life. Alternate Translation: "your dearest friend" or "a friend you love as much as you love yourself"
Deu 13:10
out of the house of bondage
Here "house of bondage" represents Egypt where the people of Yahweh had been slaves. Alternate Translation: "out from the place where you were slaves"
Deu 13:18
you are listening to the voice of Yahweh
Here "voice" represents what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "you are obeying what Yahweh says"
Deu 15:5
if only you diligently listen to the voice of Yahweh your God
Here the metonym "voice of Yahweh" refers to what Yahweh himself says. Alternate Translation: "if only you are careful to obey what Yahweh your God says"
Deu 15:6
to many nations ... over many nations
Here "nations" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "to the people of many nations ... over the people of many nations"
Deu 15:9
not to have a wicked thought in your heart, saying
Here "heart" represents a person's mind. Alternate Translation: "not to think a wicked thought"
Deu 15:16
your house
Here "house" represents the person's family.
Deu 16:2
You will sacrifice the Passover
Here "Passover" represents the animal that is sacrificed for the Passover celebration. Alternate Translation: For the Passover you will offer a sacrifice"
Deu 16:5
You may not sacrifice the Passover
Here "Passover" represents the animal that will be sacrificed. Alternate Translation: "For the Passover you may not sacrifice the animal"
Deu 17:2
what is evil in the sight of Yahweh your God
The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh's judgment or evaluation. Alternate Translation: "something that Yahweh your God thinks is evil"
Deu 17:6
At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, will he who must die be put to death
Here "the mouth" represents the testimony of a witness. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "If two or three witnesses speak against the person, then you must execute him"
Deu 17:6
but at the mouth of only one witness he must not be put to death
Here "the mouth" represents the testimony of a witness. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "but if only one person speaks against him, then you must not execute him"
Deu 17:14
all the nations
Here "nations" represent the people who live in the nations.
Deu 17:18
When he sits on the throne of his kingdom
Here "throne" represents the person's power and authority as king. To sit on the throne means to become king. Alternate Translation: "When he becomes king"
Deu 18:5
has chosen him
Here "him" represents all the Levites.
Deu 18:5
to stand to serve in the name of Yahweh
Here "the name of Yahweh" stands for Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate Translation: "to be his special servants" or "to serve as a representative of Yahweh"
Deu 18:7
then he must serve in the name of Yahweh his God
Here "name" represents Yahweh and his authority. Alternate Translation: "then he must serve Yahweh his God as a priest"
Deu 18:9
you must not learn to observe the abominations of those nations
God hates the religious activities of the people in the surrounding nations. He considers them to be terribly evil. Here "nations" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "you must not do the terrible things that the people of the other nations do"
Deu 18:14
For these nations
Here "nations" stands for the people groups that live in Canaan. Alternate Translation: "For these people groups"
Deu 18:19
does not listen to the words of mine that he speaks in my name
Here "my name" represents Yahweh and his authority. Alternate Translation: "does not listen to him when he speaks my message"
Deu 18:20
in my name
Here "my name" refers to Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate Translation: "for me" or "with my authority"
Deu 18:20
who speaks in the name of other gods
Here "name" represents the gods themselves or their authority. This means the prophet claims that false gods told him to speak a certain message.
Deu 18:21
This is what you must say in your heart
Here "heart" represents the thoughts of a person. Alternate Translation: "You ask yourself" or "You must say to yourself"
Deu 18:22
a prophet speaks in the name of Yahweh
Here "name of Yahweh" refers to Yahweh himself and his authority. Alternate Translation: "a prophet claims to speak for me" or "a prophet claims to speak with my authority"
Deu 19:1
the nations
This represents the people groups that live in Canaan.
Deu 19:6
the avenger of blood
Here "blood" represents the person who was killed. An "avenger of blood" is a close relative of the person who was killed. This relative is responsible for punishing the murderer.
Deu 19:10
innocent blood is not shed
Here "blood" represents a person's life. To shed blood means to kill a person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "no one kills an innocent person"
Deu 19:10
bloodguilt
Here "blood" represents a life and "bloodguilt" refers to the guilt someone has for killing an innocent person.
Deu 19:12
into the hand of the responsible relative
Here "the hand" represents the authority of someone. Alternate Translation: "to the authority of the responsible relative" or "to the responsible relative"
Deu 19:13
you must eradicate the bloodguilt from Israel
Here "bloodguilt" represents the guilt for murdering an innocent person. Alternate Translation: "you must execute the murderer so that the people of Israel will not be guilty for the death of an innocent person"
Deu 19:13
from Israel
Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel.
Deu 19:15
at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses
Here "mouth" represents what the witnesses say. It is implied that there must be at least two or three witnesses. Alternate Translation: "at the testimony of at least two or three people" or "based on what at least two or three people say happened"
Deu 20:3
Do not let your hearts faint
Here "hearts" represents people's courage. For a heart to faint is an idiom that means "Do not be afraid."
Deu 20:8
brother's heart ... his own heart
Here "heart" represents a person's courage.
Deu 20:10
When you march up to attack a city
Here "city" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "When you go to attack the people of a city"
Deu 20:11
open their gates to you
Here "gates" refers to the city gates. The phrase "open their gates to you" represents the people surrendering and allowing the Israelites to enter their city. Alternate Translation: "let you enter their city peacefully"
Deu 20:12
But if it makes no offer of peace
Here "it" refers to the city which represents the people. Alternate Translation: "But if the people of the city do not surrender" or "But if the people of the city do not accept your offer of peace"
Deu 20:15
all the cities
Here "cities" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people who live in cities"
Deu 20:20
it falls
Here "it" refers to the city which represents the people of the city.
Deu 21:5
in the name of Yahweh
Here the metonym "in the name of" refers to Yahweh and his authority. Alternate Translation: "as one who says and does what Yahweh himself would say and do"
Deu 21:18
who will not obey the voice of his father or the voice of his mother
Here "voice" is a metonym for what a person says. Alternate Translation: "who will not obey what his father or mother say"
Deu 21:20
he will not obey our voice
Here "voice" is a metonym for what a person says or a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate Translation: "he will not do what we tell him to do" or "he will not obey us"
Deu 21:21
All Israel
The word "Israel" is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "All the people of Israel"
Deu 22:8
so that you do not bring blood on your house
Blood is a symbol for death. Alternate Translation: "so that it will not be the fault of your household if someone dies"
Deu 22:9
so that the whole harvest is not confiscated by the holy place
The words "holy place" is a metonym for the priests who work in the holy place. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "so that the priests in Yahweh's holy place do not take away the whole harvest" or "so that you do not defile the whole harvest and the priests do not allow you to use it"
Deu 24:6
for that would be taking a person's life as a pledge
The word "life" is a metonym for what a person needs to keep himself alive. Alternate Translation: "because he would be taking from the man what the man needs to make food for his family"
Deu 25:6
will succeed in the name of that man's dead brother
The word "name" is a metonym for the person's family line. Alternate Translation: "will continue the family line of that man's dead brother"
Deu 25:6
so that his name will not perish from Israel
The word "name" is a metonym for the person's family line. Alternate Translation: "so that his family line will not disappear from Israel"
Deu 25:7
refuses to raise up for his brother a name
Here "name" refers to the memory of someone through his descendants. Alternate Translation: "refuses to give his brother a son"
Deu 25:9
who does not build up his brother's house
Here "house" is a metonym for the family. Alternate Translation: "who does not give his brother a son and continue his brother's family line"
Deu 25:11
out of the hand of him who struck him
Here "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate Translation: "so the one who struck him will not strike him again" or "from the man who hit him"
Deu 26:5
There he became
The word "he" is a metonym for "Jacob's descendants."
Deu 26:7
he heard our voice
Here "voice" refers to the whole person and his cries or prayers. Alternate Translation: "he heard our cries" or "he heard our prayers"
Deu 26:14
I have listened to the voice of Yahweh my God; I have obeyed everything you have commanded me to do
Here "voice of Yahweh" is a metonym for what Yahweh says. Both statements share similar meanings. They emphasize that the person has obeyed all of God's commands.
Deu 26:16
with all your heart and with all your soul
Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 27:10
obey the voice of Yahweh your God
Here the metonym "voice of Yahweh" refers to what he says. Alternate Translation: "obey what Yahweh your God says"
Deu 27:12
These tribes
Here the metonym "tribes" refers to the people from the tribes of Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Joseph, and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "The people from these tribes"
Deu 28:1
to the voice of Yahweh your God
Here the metonym "voice of Yahweh" refers to what he says. Alternate Translation: "to what Yahweh your God says"
Deu 28:5
your basket and your kneading trough
Israelites used a basket to carry grain. A "kneading trough" was a bowl they used to mix the grain and make bread. Alternate Translation: "all the food you grow and all the food you eat"
Deu 28:10
you are called by the name of Yahweh
Here the metonym "called by the name of Yahweh" means belonging to him. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has called you his own"
Deu 28:15
the voice of Yahweh your God
Here the metonym "voice of Yahweh" means what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "what Yahweh your God is saying"
Deu 28:17
your basket and your kneading trough
The Israelites used a basket to carry grain. A "kneading trough" was a bowl they used to mix the grain and make bread. See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 28:5](./05.md). Alternate Translation: "all the food you grow and all the food you eat"
Deu 28:32
There will be no strength in your hand
Here the metonym "strength in your hand" refers to power. "AT: "You will be powerless to do anything about it"
Deu 28:33
a nation
Here the metonym "a nation" means the people from a nation. Alternate Translation: "people from a nation"
Deu 28:45
to the voice of Yahweh your God
Here the words "voice of Yahweh" are a metonym for what Yahweh said. Alternate Translation: "to what Yahweh your God said"
Deu 28:50
a nation with a fierce face that does not respect the aged and does not show favor
The word "nation" is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate Translation: "a nation whose people have fierce expressions, who do not respect the aged and do not show favor"
Deu 28:58
this glorious and fearful name, Yahweh your God
Here the metonym "name" refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh your God who is glorious and awesome"
Deu 28:62
to the voice of Yahweh
Here the metonym "voice of Yahweh" refers to what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "to what Yahweh says"
Deu 29:4
Yahweh has not given you a heart to know, eyes to see, or ears to hear
The people do have hearts, eyes, and ears. This metonym says that Yahweh has not enabled them to understand from what they saw and heard who Yahweh is, and how and why they should obey him.
Deu 29:27
this land, so as to bring on it
Here "land" is a metonym representing the people. Alternate Translation: "the people of this land, so as to bring on them"
Deu 30:2
obey his voice
Here "voice" is referring to what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "obey what he says"
Deu 30:2
with all your heart and with all your soul
Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated these words in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 30:6
with all your heart and with all your soul
Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 30:8
obey the voice of Yahweh
Here "voice" means what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "obey what Yahweh says"
Deu 30:10
with all your heart and all your soul
Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These two phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." See how you translated this in [Deuteronomy 4:29](../04/29.md).
Deu 30:14
in your mouth and your heart
This means that the people already know God's commands and can tell them to others.
Deu 30:19
I call heaven and earth to witness
Possible meanings are 1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says, or 2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says
Deu 30:20
obey his voice
Here "voice" refers to what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "obey what he says"
Deu 31:7
in the sight of all Israel
This means that all of the people of Israel were present. Alternate Translation: "in the presence of all the Israelites"
Deu 31:28
call heaven and earth to witness against them
Possible meanings are 1) Moses is calling on all those who live in heaven and earth to be witnesses to what he says or 2) Moses is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses to what he says. A similar phrase appears in [Deuteronomy 30:19](../30/19.md).
Deu 32:25
Outside the sword will bereave
Here "sword" represents the army of the enemy. Alternate Translation: "When the Israelites are outside, the enemy army will kill them"
Deu 32:27
Our hand is exalted
Here "hand" represents the strength or power of a person. To be exalted is an idiom for defeating an enemy. Alternate Translation: "We have defeated them because we are more powerful"
Deu 32:41
When I sharpen my glittering sword
When I sharpen my shining sword. This means God is preparing to judge and punish his enemies. Alternate Translation: "When I am ready to judge my enemies"
Deu 32:43
Rejoice, you nations
Moses addresses the peoples of all the nations as if they were there listening.
Deu 32:43
for he will avenge the blood of his servants; he will render vengeance on his enemies
Here "blood of his servants" represents the lives of his innocent servants who were killed. Alternate Translation: "for he will take revenge on his enemies, who killed his servants"
Deu 32:47
because it is your life
The abstract noun "life" can be translated as the verb "live." You may need to make explicit the metonymy of obeying the law, which represents the law itself. Alternate Translation: "because you will live if you obey it"
Deu 33:3
all his holy ones are in your hand
The hand is a metonym for power and protection. Alternate Translation: "you protect all his holy people"
Deu 33:7
to the voice of Judah
Here "voice of Judah" refers to the cries and prayers of the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "when the people of Judah pray to you"
Deu 33:11
Shatter the loins of
The loins were considered the center of strength, and are here represent strength. Alternate Translation: "Take away the strength of" or "Utterly destroy"
Deu 33:13
May his land be blessed by Yahweh
The word "his" refers to Joseph which represents the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "May Yahweh bless their land"
Deu 33:28
Jacob's spring
Possible meanings are 1) Jacob's home or 2) Jacob's descendants.
Jos 2:19
blood will be upon their own heads
Here "blood" represents a person's death. To be responsible for their own death is spoken of as if their blood would be on their heads. Alternate Translation: "their death will be their own fault"
Jos 3:3
people
This is the nation of Israel.
Jos 4:10
the people
This refers to the nation of Israel.
Jos 4:24
the hand of Yahweh is mighty
This refers to the power of Yahweh being strong. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh is mighty"
Jos 5:1
their hearts melted
Here "hearts" refers to their courage. They were so afraid that it was as if their courage melted away like wax in a fire. Alternate Translation: "they lost all their courage"
Jos 5:1
there was no longer any spirit in them
Here "spirit" refers to their will to fight. Alternate Translation: "they no longer had any will to fight"
Jos 5:6
obey the voice of Yahweh
Here "voice" refers to the things that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "obey the things that Yahweh commanded them"
Jos 6:2
into your hand
The word "hand" is a metonym for the control that the hand exercises. Alternate Translation: "so that you can control it"
Jos 6:8
before Yahweh
Possible meanings are 1) "in obedience to Yahweh" or 2) "in front of Yahweh's ark"
Jos 6:10
No sound must leave your mouths
Sound leaving someone's mouth refers to that person's speaking or shouting. Alternate Translation: "Do not yell or speak"
Jos 6:25
She lives in Israel
The word "She" refers to Rahab and represents her descendants. Alternate Translation: "Her descendants live in Israel"
Jos 7:7
To give us into the hands of the Amorites to destroy us?
The hands of the Amorites represents their control and power. Giving the Israelites into their hands to destroy them represents allowing the Amorites to have control of the Israelites and destroy them. Alternate Translation: "To allow the Amorites to destroy us?
Jos 7:8
Israel has turned their backs before their enemies
Doing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate Translation: "Israel has run away from their enemies"
Jos 7:9
They will surround us and make the people of the earth forget our name
Making people forget the name of the Israelites represents making them forget the Israelites. In this case they would do it by killing the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "They will surround us and kill us, and the people of the earth will forget about us"
Jos 7:9
for your great name
The phrase "your great name" here represents God's reputation and power. Alternate Translation: "And so what will you do so that people will know that you are great"
Jos 7:12
cannot stand before their enemies
Standing before their enemies represents fighting successfully against their enemies. Alternate Translation: "cannot fight successfully against their enemies" or "cannot defeat their enemies"
Jos 7:12
They turned their backs from their enemies
Doing this represents running away from their enemies. Alternate Translation: "They ran away from their enemies"
Jos 7:12
I will not be with you any more
Being with Israel represents helping Israel. Alternate Translation: "I will not help you any more"
Jos 7:13
You cannot stand against your enemies
Standing before their enemies represents fighting successfully against them. Alternate Translation: "You cannot fight successfully against your enemies" or "You cannot defeat your enemies"
Jos 8:1
I have given into your hand the king of Ai ... and his land
Giving them into Israel's hand represents giving Israel victory and control over them. Alternate Translation: "I have given you victory over the king of Ai and his people, and I have given you control over his city and his land"
Jos 8:7
will give it into your hand
Here "hand" symbolizes the control and power the people have over their enemies.
Jos 8:15
let themselves be defeated before them
let themselves be defeated before the people of Ai. The phrase "before them" represents what the people of Ai would see and think. Alternate Translation: "let the people of Ai think that the Israelites were defeated"
Jos 8:18
I will give Ai into your hand
Giving Ai into Israel's hand represents giving Israel victory and control over Ai. Alternate Translation: "I will give you victory over Ai" or "I will cause you to capture Ai"
Jos 8:35
Israel
This refers to the nation of Israel.
Jos 9:2
under one command
Here "command" represents the one who commanded them. Being under him represents obeying his commands. Alternate Translation: "obeying the commands of one leader"
Jos 9:15
the people
Here this refers to the people of Israel.
Jos 9:23
house of my God
Here this phrase refers to the dwelling place of Yahweh, the Tabernacle.
Jos 10:6
your hands
The word "hands" here refers to the people of Israel's strength. Alternate Translation: "your strength"
Jos 10:8
I have given them into your hand
Here "hand" represents the people of Israel's strength and their ability to defeat their enemy. The word "them" refers to the attacking army.
Jos 10:13
the nation
This refers to the people of Israel.
Jos 10:19
into your hand
The phrase "your hand" here means "your control."
Jos 10:32
into the hand of Israel
Here their "hand" represents their control. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh gave Lachish into the control of the nation of Israel"
Jos 10:37
They captured it and struck it with the edge of the sword
The sword represents the army of Israel and striking expresses the idea of slaughter and destruction. Alternate Translation: "They captured and killed and destroyed"
Jos 10:39
They struck them with the edge of the sword
The sword represents the army of Israel and striking expresses the idea of slaughter and destruction. Alternate Translation: "They killed and destroyed them"
Jos 17:17
the house of Joseph
Here the word "house" refers to the descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Joseph"
Jos 18:5
the house of Joseph
Here the word "house" represents the descendants of Joseph. The phrase refers to the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. Alternate Translation: "the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh"
Jos 20:2
by the hand of Moses
Here "hand of Moses" refers to the scriptures that Moses wrote down. Alternate Translation: "through the things that Moses wrote"
Jos 20:3
avenge the blood of a person who was killed
Here the shed blood of a person represents their death. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "avenge a person's death"
Jos 20:5
avenge the blood of the person who was killed
Here the shed blood of a person represents their death. This can be stated in active form. See how you translated this in [Joshua 20:3](./03.md). Alternate Translation: "avenge a person's death"
Jos 20:9
avenge the blood that was shed
This can be stated in active form. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Joshua 20:3](./03.md). Alternate Translation: "avenge a person's death"
Jos 21:8
Yahweh had commanded by the hand of Moses
The phrase "by the hand of" here means that Yahweh used Moses as the agent to deliver his command. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh had told Moses to command"
Jos 21:44
gave all their enemies into their hand
Here "into their hand" means "into their power." Alternate Translation: "gave them power to defeat all their enemies"
Jos 22:2
obeyed my voice
Here "my voice" refers to the things that Joshua had said. Alternate Translation: "obeyed everything I said"
Jos 22:31
you have rescued the people of Israel out of the hand of Yahweh
Here "the hand of Yahweh" refers to his punishment. Protecting the people is spoken of as rescuing them from his hand. Alternate Translation: "you have kept Yahweh from punishing us"
Jos 23:9
to stand before you
Here "stand" represents holding ground in a battle. The word "you" refers to the entire nation of Israel.
Jos 24:8
gave them into your hand
Here "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "enabled you to conquer them"
Jos 24:10
rescued you out of his hand
Here "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "enabled you to overcome him"
Jos 24:15
my house
This represents his family that lives in his house. Alternate Translation: "my family"
Jos 24:24
We will listen to his voice
Here "listen" means to obey. Alternate Translation: "We will obey everything he tells us to do"
Jdg 1:7
gathered their food from under my table
Forcing these kings to eat scraps of food represents all the ways that Adoni-Bezek humiliated these kings. Here "gathering" food represents eating it. Alternate Translation: "ate scraps of food from under my table"
Jdg 1:8
the city of Jerusalem and took it
Here "city" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the people who lived in Jerusalem and defeated them"
Jdg 1:8
They attacked it
Here "it" refers to the city which represents the people of the city. Alternate Translation: "They attacked the people of the city"
Jdg 1:12
Whoever attacks Kiriath Sepher and takes it
Here "Kiriath Sepher" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "Whoever attacks and defeats the people of Kiriath Sepher and takes their city"
Jdg 1:22
The house of Joseph
Here "house" represents descendants. Manasseh and Ephraim were sons of Joseph, and the "house of Joseph" can refer to the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim" or "The men of the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim"
Jdg 1:22
to attack Bethel
Here "Bethel" represents the people who live in Bethel.
Jdg 1:25
they attacked the city
Here "city" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "they attacked the people of the city"
Jdg 1:28
When Israel became strong
Here "Israel" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "When the people of Israel became stronger"
Jdg 1:29
Ephraim did not
Here "Ephraim" the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Ephraim.
Jdg 1:30
Zebulun did not drive out
Here "Zebulun" represents the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Zebulun.
Jdg 1:30
but Zebulun forced
Here "Zebulun" represents the people of the tribe of Zebulun.
Jdg 1:31
Asher did not drive
Here "Asher" represents the men or the soldiers of the tribe of Asher.
Jdg 1:35
house of Joseph
Here "house" represents descendants. Manasseh and Ephraim were sons of Joseph, and the "house of Joseph" can refer to the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Manasseh and Ephraim" or "the men of the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim"
Jdg 2:2
you have not listened to my voice
Here "voice" represents what Yahweh said. Alternate Translation: "you have not obeyed my commands"
Jdg 2:15
Yahweh's hand was against them to defeat them
Here "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh helped their enemies defeat them"
Jdg 2:16
out of the hand of those
Here "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "from the power of the enemies"
Jdg 2:18
the hand of their enemies
Here "hand" refers to power of the enemies to hurt Israel. Alternate Translation: "the power of their enemies"
Jdg 2:18
as they groaned
The sound made by a person who suffers is used to describe the pain of the Israelites as they suffer. Alternate Translation: "as they suffered"
Jdg 2:20
this nation has broken
Here "nation" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "these people have broken" or "the Israelites have broken"
Jdg 2:21
any of the nations
Here "nations" represents the people groups that lived in Canaan before the Israelites.
Jdg 2:23
into the hand of Joshua
Here "hand" is a metonym for power, and "Joshua" represents himself and his army. Alternate Translation: "into the power of Joshua and his army"
Jdg 3:8
into the hand of Cushan-Rishathaim
Here "hand" is a metonym that represents power or control. Also, "Cushan-Rishathaim" is a synechdoche that represents himself and his army.
Jdg 3:10
The hand of Othniel
Here "hand" is a metonym for army. Alternate Translation: "The army of Othniel"
Jdg 3:11
The land had peace
The land is used to refer to the people who lived in the land. Alternate Translation: "The people lived peacefully"
Jdg 3:30
the strength of Israel
Here "strength" represents the Israelite army.
Jdg 3:30
the land had rest
Here "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites lived peacefully"
Jdg 3:31
He also delivered Israel from danger
The word "danger" refers to enemies that tried to harm the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "He also delivered the people of Israel from their enemies"
Jdg 4:2
Yahweh sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan
Here "hand" refers to Jabin's power over Israel. Yahweh's decision to give Jabin power over them is spoken of as if Yahweh had sold them to Jabin. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh allowed them to be defeated by the power of Jabin king of Canaan"
Jdg 4:9
for Yahweh will sell Sisera into the hand of a woman
Here "hand" refers to her power to kill him. Alternate Translation: "for Yahweh will cause a woman to defeat Sisera"
Jdg 4:13
Sisera called out all his chariots
Here "chariots" represents the soldiers who drove the chariots.
Jdg 4:15
all his chariots
Here the word "chariots" is a metonym for the soldiers driving the chariots. Alternate Translation: "all the men driving chariots"
Jdg 5:5
before the face of Yahweh
Here "face" refers Yahweh's presence. Alternate Translation: "in the presence of Yahweh"
Jdg 5:9
My heart goes out to the commanders of Israel
The word "heart" represents a person's emotions. The phrase "My heart goes out to" is a way of saying that Deborah feels gratitude or appreciation. Alternate Translation: "I appreciate the commanders of Israel"
Jdg 5:14
from Zebulun those who carry an officer's staff
Military leaders are described by the staff, a symbol of their authority. Alternate Translation: "military leaders from Zebulun"
Jdg 5:15
Issachar was with Barak
Here "Issachar" refers to the tribe of Issachar. Alternate Translation: "the tribe of Issachar was with Barak"
Jdg 5:15
there were great searchings of heart
Here "heart" represents thoughts. The people discussing with each other but being unable to decide what they should do is spoken of as if they were searching their heart. Alternate Translation: "there was a lot of discussing about what they should do"
Jdg 5:16
there were great searchings of heart
Here "heart" represents thoughts. The people discussing with each other but being unable to decide what they should do is spoken of as if they were searching their heart. See how you translated this in [Judges 5:15](./15.md).
Jdg 5:17
Gilead stayed
Here "Gilead" the men from Gilead who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate Translation: "The men of Gilead stayed"
Jdg 5:17
Dan, why did he
Here "Dan" represents the men from Dan who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate Translation: "the men of Dan, why did they"
Jdg 5:17
Asher remained
Here "Asher" represents the men who should have gone to fight in battle. Alternate Translation: "The men of Asher remained"
Jdg 5:23
Curse Meroz
Here "Meroz" represents the people who lived there. Alternate Translation: "Curse the people of Meroz"
Jdg 5:28
taken his chariot ... Why have the hoofbeats of the horses that pull his chariots
Both of these represent Sisera. Alternate Translation: "taken Sisera ... Why has he"
Jdg 5:31
the land had peace
Here "the land" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "and the people of Israel lived peacefully"
Jdg 6:1
the hand of Midian
Here "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Also, "hand" represents control. Alternate Translation: "the control of the people of Midian" or "the control of the Midianites"
Jdg 6:2
The power of Midian oppressed Israel
Here "the power of Midian" refers to the people of Midian. Alternate Translation: "The people of Midian were more powerful than the people of Israel and they oppressed them"
Jdg 6:6
Midian weakened
Here "Midian" represents the people of Midian.
Jdg 6:7
because of Midian
Here "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate Translation: "because of the Midianites"
Jdg 6:9
from the hand
In this phrase "hand" represents power or control.
Jdg 6:10
obeyed my voice
- Here "my voice" represents what Yahweh commanded. Alternate Translation: "obeyed my command" or "obeyed me"
Jdg 6:13
gave us into the hand
Here "hand" represents power or control.
Jdg 6:13
of Midian
Here "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate Translation: "of the Midianites"
Jdg 6:14
from the hand
Here "hand" represents power or control.
Jdg 6:14
of Midian
Here "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate Translation: "of the Midianites"
Jdg 6:15
in my father's house
Here "house" represents a family. Alternate Translation: "in my father's family" or "in my family"
Jdg 6:35
to Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali
These all represent the people of each tribe. Alternate Translation: "to the tribes of Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali"
Jdg 7:1
The camp of Midian was to their north
Here "Midian" represents the Midianite army. Alternate Translation: "The Midianite army set up their camp to the north of the Israelite army"
Jdg 7:2
Our own power has saved us
Here "power" represents the people themselves. Alternate Translation: "We have saved ourselves without God's help"
Jdg 7:4
I will make their number smaller for you there
Here "number" represents the army. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate Translation: "there, I will show you who to send home so the army will have less men"
Jdg 7:9
Attack the camp, for I am going to give you victory over it
Here "camp" refers to the whole Midianite army. The word "victory" is an abstract noun that can be translated as a verb or an adjective. Alternate Translation: "Attack the Midianites at their camp, for I am going to help you defeat them" or "Attack the Midianites at their camp, for I am going to cause you to be victorious over them"
Jdg 7:14
This is nothing other than the sword of Gideon
Here "the sword of Gideon" refers to Gideon's army attacking. Alternate Translation: "The loaf of barley bread in your dream must be the army of Gideon"
Jdg 7:20
The sword of Yahweh and of Gideon
Here "sword" refers to their fighting. Alternate Translation: "We fight for Yahweh and for Gideon"
Jdg 7:22
Yahweh set every Midianite man's sword against his comrades
Here "sword" refers to their attack with the use of the sword. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh caused every Midianite man to fight against his fellow soldiers"
Jdg 8:1
against Midian
Here "Midian" represents the Midianite army.
Jdg 8:2
Abiezer
This is the name of one of Gideon's ancestors. Gideon used his name to refer to Abiezer's descendants and their land.
Jdg 8:6
now in your hand
Here "hand" represents power or control.
Jdg 8:10
men who drew the sword
Here drawing the sword represents using the sword in battle. Possible meanings are 1) this phrase refers to soldiers who use swords in battle. Alternate Translation: "swordsmen" or "men who fought with swords" or 2) this phrase refers to any soldiers. Alternate Translation: "soldiers"
Jdg 8:22
out of the hand of Midian
Here "hand" represents the power of Midian over Israel. Alternate Translation: "from the power of Midian" or "from Midian"
Jdg 8:22
of Midian
Here "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate Translation: "of the Midianites"
Jdg 8:27
for those in his house
Here "his house" represents Gideon's family. Alternate Translation: "for his family"
Jdg 8:28
So the land had peace
Here "land" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "So the Israelites lived peacefully"
Jdg 8:34
from the hand of all their enemies
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from the power of all their enemies" or "from all their enemies"
Jdg 8:35
the house of Jerub Baal
Here "the house of" represents a person's family. Alternate Translation: "the family of Jerub Baal"
Jdg 9:2
I am your bone and your flesh
Here "your bone and your flesh" represents being someone's relative. Alternate Translation: "I am a member of your family"
Jdg 9:4
the house
Here "house" represents a temple.
Jdg 9:16
his house
Here "house" represents Gideon's family.
Jdg 9:17
out of the hand of Midian
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from the power of the Midianites" or "from the Midianites"
Jdg 9:18
my father's house
Here "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "my father's family"
Jdg 9:19
his house
Here "house" refers to family. Alternate Translation: "his family"
Jdg 9:27
in the house
Here "house" represents a temple.
Jdg 9:30
the city
Here "city" represents the people of the city.
Jdg 9:45
against the city
Here "city" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "against the people of Shechem"
Jdg 9:46
the house
Here this represents a temple.
Jdg 10:1
deliver Israel
Here "Israel" represents the people of Israel.
Jdg 10:3
Israel
Here "Israel" represents the people of Israel.
Jdg 10:7
into the hand
Here "hand" represents power or control.
Jdg 10:9
Judah ... Benjamin
Judah and "Benjamin" refer to the people belonging to those tribes. Alternate Translation: "the people of the tribe of Judah ... the people of the tribe of Benjamin"
Jdg 10:9
house of Ephraim
The "house" refers to the people of the tribe of Ephraim. Alternate Translation: "the people of the tribe of Ephraim"
Jdg 10:9
so that Israel was greatly distressed
Israel refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "so that the people of Israel suffered much"
Jdg 10:12
from their power
Here "power" represents the Amalekites and the Maonites. Alternate Translation: "from them"
Jdg 10:16
Yahweh could bear Israel's misery no longer
Here Israel refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "And Yahweh did not want the people of Israel to suffer any longer"
Jdg 11:7
my father's house
Here "house" refers to people living in the house. Alternate Translation: "my family"
Jdg 11:21
gave Sihon and all his people into the hand of Israel
Here "hand" refers to power to defeat in battle. Alternate Translation: "gave Israel power over Sihon and all his people"
Jdg 12:14
They rode on seventy donkeys
These men owned seventy donkeys, which they did ride. Here the word "rode" is used instead of "owned." Alternate Translation: "They owned seventy donkeys"
Jdg 13:1
he gave them into the hand of the Philistines
Here "hand" refers to power to gain victory in battle. Alternate Translation: "he allowed the Philistines to defeat them" or "he allowed them to be oppressed by the Philistines"
Jdg 13:5
No razor will be used upon his head
Here the word "head" refers to his hair. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "No one should ever cut his hair"
Jdg 13:5
from the womb
Here the word "womb" refers to the time before the child is born. Alternate Translation: "from before he is born"
Jdg 13:5
the hand of the Philistines
Here the word "hand" means control. Alternate Translation: "the control of the Philistines" or "being under the Philistine's control"
Jdg 13:14
anything that comes from the vines
Here the angel refers to any food that grow on a vine as "coming" from the vine. Alternate Translation: "anything that grows on a vine"
Jdg 14:15
your father's house
Possible meanings are 1) this refers to the actual house. Alternate Translation: "the house your father and his family live in" or 2) "house" refers to the people who live in it. Alternate Translation: "your family"
Jdg 15:12
the hands of the Philistines
Here "hands" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "the Philistine's control"
Jdg 16:17
from my mother's womb
Here "from my mother's womb" refers to to when he was born. This means that he has been a Nazirite since he was born. Alternate Translation: "my entire life"
Jdg 16:31
all the house of his father
Here the word "house" refers to his family. Alternate Translation: "all of his father's family"
Jdg 17:10
a father and a priest
The word "father" is here used in the sense of an advisor, and not to a literal father. Alternate Translation: "an advisor and a priest"
Jdg 17:12
was in Micah's house
Here living in Micah's house is spoken of as "being" in his house. Alternate Translation: "lived in Micah's house"
Jdg 18:2
from the whole number of their tribe
The phrase "the whole number" refers to all of the men in the tribe. Alternate Translation: "from among all of the men in their tribe"
Jdg 18:3
they recognized the speech of the young Levite
They recognized the man by the sound of his voice. Here "speech" refers to his "voice." Alternate Translation: "they heard the young Levite talking, and they recognized his voice"
Jdg 18:24
the gods that I made
Micah did not make his gods, rather the craftsman made them. Alternate Translation: "the gods which I had made for me" or "the gods which a craftsman made for me"
Jdg 18:25
let us hear you say anything
The phrase "us hear you say" refers to the Danites hearing Micah speaking about what had happened, but it also includes if they are told by others that Micah had spoken about what had happened. Alternate Translation: "let us find out that you have said anything" or "say anything about this"
Jdg 18:27
what Micah had made
Micah did not make his gods, rather a craftsman made them for him. Also, this can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the things that had been made for Micah" or "Micah's things"
Jdg 18:31
that he made
Micah did not make his gods, rather the craftsman made them for him. Alternate Translation: "that had been made for him" or "that his craftsman made for him"
Jdg 19:8
Strengthen yourself, and wait until the afternoon
The father-in-law is suggesting that he strengthen himself by eating. He is also asking him to wait until the afternoon to leave. This can be stated clearly. Alternate Translation: "Eat some food so you will be strong enough to travel, and wait until afternoon to leave"
Jdg 20:13
the voice of their brothers
Here "voice" refers to the message that they spoke. Alternate Translation: "what their brother said"
Jdg 20:29
Israel set men
Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites"
Jdg 20:48
the city
Here "the city" refers to the people in that city. Alternate Translation: "everyone who was in the city"
Rut 1:9
in the house of another husband
with their new husbands, not someone else's husband. This refers to both a physical house that belongs to the husband, and to the protection from shame by being married.
Rut 1:13
the hand of Yahweh has gone out against me
The word "hand" refers to Yahweh's power or influence. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has caused terrible things to happen to me"
Rut 1:19
the entire town
The "town" refer to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "everyone in the town"
Rut 2:9
Keep your eyes only on the field
The eyes represent watching something or paying attention to something. Alternate Translation: "Watch only the field" or "Pay attention only to the field"
Rut 2:11
to come to a people
Boaz is referring to Ruth coming to dwell with Naomi in a village and community, a country, and religion she did not know.
1Sa 1:18
find favor in your eyes
Here "find favor" is an idiom that means be approved of or that he is pleased with her. Here the eyes are a metonym for sight, and seeing represents judging or deciding the value of something. Alternate Translation: "evaluated me and approve"
1Sa 1:21
his house
The word "house" is a metonym for the people who lived in the house. Alternate Translation: "his family"
1Sa 2:9
guard the feet of his faithful people
Here "feet" is a metonym for the way a person walks, which in turn is a metaphor for the way a person decides how to live his life. Alternate Translation: "keep his faithful people from making foolish decisions" or "enable his faithful people to make wise decisions"
1Sa 2:27
the house of your ancestor
The word "house" is a metonym for the people who lived in the house. Alternate Translation: "the family of your ancestor"
1Sa 2:28
to wear an ephod before me
The words "wear an ephod" are a metonym for the work of the priests who wear the ephod. Alternate Translation: "to do what I had commanded the priests to do"
1Sa 2:30
the house of your ancestor
The word "house" is a metonym for the people who lived in the house. See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 2:27](./27.md). Alternate Translation: "the family of your ancestor"
1Sa 4:13
the whole city
This is a metonym for "all the people in the city."
1Sa 5:6
both Ashdod and its territories
The name of the town is a metonym for the people living in the town. "both the people of Ashdod and the people in the land surrounding Ashdod"
1Sa 5:11
the hand of God was very heavy there
The hand is a metonym for God punishing the people. "Yahweh was punishing the people there very severely"
1Sa 5:12
the cry of the city went up to the heavens
The word "city" is a metonym for the people of the city. Possible meanings are 1) the words "went up to the heavens" is an idiom for "was very great." Alternate Translation: "the people of the city cried out very loudly" or 2) the words "the heavens" is a metonym for the people's gods. Alternate Translation: "the people of the city cried out to their gods"
1Sa 6:3
why his hand has not been lifted off of you
Here "hand" is a metonym used to represent God's power to afflict or discipline. Alternate Translation: "why he has not relieved your suffering"
1Sa 6:5
lift his hand from you, from your gods, and from your land
Here "hand" is a metonym used to represent God's power to afflict or discipline. Alternate Translation: "stop punishing you, your gods and your land"
1Sa 7:3
the entire house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the people who live in the house and their descendants. Alternate Translation: "all of the descendants of Israel" or "all of the Israelite people"
1Sa 7:8
save us from the hand of the Philistines
The "hand" is a metonym for the power of the person. Alternate Translation: "save us from the Philistine army" or "keep the Philistine army from harming us"
1Sa 7:13
The hand of Yahweh was against the Philistines
The word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh used his power against the Philistines"
1Sa 8:7
Obey the voice of the people
Here "the voice" is a metonym for the will or the desire of the people. Alternate Translation: "Do what the people say"
1Sa 8:22
Obey their voice
Here the metonym "their voice" refers to the will of the people. Alternate Translation: "Obey the people"
1Sa 9:16
from the hand of the Philistines
Here the word "hand" is a metonym for control. Alternate Translation: "from the control of the Philistines" or "so the Philistines will no longer control them"
1Sa 10:18
I brought up Israel out of Egypt
The name "Israel" is a metonym for the people of Israel. "I brought the people of Israel out of Egypt"
1Sa 10:18
the hand of the Egyptians ... the hand of all the kingdoms
The word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "the power of the Egyptians ... the power of all the kingdoms"
1Sa 12:10
have served the Baals and the Ashtoreths
Serving here is referring to acting worshipful towards the false gods. Alternate Translation: "have worshiped false gods and goddesses"
1Sa 12:10
the hand of our enemies
This statement is using "hand" to refer to power. Alternate Translation: "the power or control of our enemies"
1Sa 12:15
Yahweh's hand will be against you, as it was against your ancestors
This speaks of Yahweh punishing the people as his "hand" being against them. The word "hand" here represents Yahweh's power and control. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will punish you, just as he punished your ancestors"
1Sa 12:22
For the sake of his great name
Here "name" refers to the reputation of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "So that people will continue to honor and respect Yahweh"
1Sa 13:14
a man after his own heart
Here "heart" represents Yahweh's desire or will. The phrase "man after his own heart" is an idiom that means to be a person who does what Yahweh desires. Alternate Translation: "a man who is the kind of person he wants" or "a man who will obey him"
1Sa 14:7
everything that is in your heart
Here "heart" refers to Jonathan's desires. Alternate Translation: "everything that you desire to do"
1Sa 14:10
has given them into our hand
Here "hand" refers to the power to defeat them. Alternate Translation: "will enable us to defeat them"
1Sa 14:12
has given them into the hand of Israel
Here "hand" refers to power to defeat the Philistines. Alternate Translation: "will enable Israel to defeat them"
1Sa 14:26
no one put his hand to his mouth
Here putting one's "hand to his mouth" is a metonym that means to eat. Alternate Translation: "no one ate any"
1Sa 14:26
the people feared the oath
The people were not afraid of the oath, but of the punishment that was associated with breaking the oath. Alternate Translation: "the people were afraid of what Saul would do to them if they broke his oath"
1Sa 14:27
He raised his hand to his mouth
Here "hand to his mouth" is a metonym that means to eat. Alternate Translation: "He ate some honey"
1Sa 14:29
for the land
This is a metonym that represents the nation of Israel. Alternate Translation: "for Israel"
1Sa 14:36
Let us approach God here
Here "approaching God" is associated with asking him counsel. Alternate Translation: "Let us ask God what we should do"
1Sa 14:37
give them into the hand of Israel
Here "hand" refers to the power to defeat them. Alternate Translation: "enable us to defeat them"
1Sa 14:47
Israel
This is a metonym that represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites"
1Sa 14:47
Moab
This refers to the people of Moab. Alternate Translation: "the Moabites"
1Sa 14:47
Edom
This refers to the people of Edom. Alternate Translation: "the Edomites"
1Sa 14:48
out of the hands
The word "hand" represents control. Alternate Translation: "out of the control"
1Sa 15:19
the voice of Yahweh
Here "voice" refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "the things that Yahweh commanded"
1Sa 15:20
the voice of Yahweh
Here "voice" refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "the things that Yahweh commanded"
1Sa 15:22
the voice of Yahweh
Here "voice" refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "the things that Yahweh commanded"
1Sa 15:24
obeyed their voice
Here "voice" refers to what the soldiers asked Saul to do. Alternate Translation: "did what they asked"
1Sa 15:29
his mind
This refers to his thoughts and decisions. Alternate Translation: "what he has decided to do"
1Sa 15:30
before the elders of my people and before Israel
Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "before the people of Israel and the elders who lead them"
1Sa 16:7
on the heart
Here "heart" represents a person's inner being.
1Sa 16:22
he has found favor in my eyes
Here "eyes" are a metonym for sight, and "my sight" represents how Saul judges or evaluates David. Alternate Translation: "he has found favor in my judgment" or "I am pleased with him"
1Sa 17:25
will make his father's house free from taxation in Israel
The word "house" refers to the household or family. Alternate Translation: "will no longer require his family to pay taxes"
1Sa 17:32
Let no man's heart fail
The heart failing represents being terrified and losing confidence. Alternate Translation: "Do not let anyone be terrified" or "Do not let anyone lose their confidence"
1Sa 17:37
from the paw of the lion and from the paw of the bear
Bears and lions use their paws when they attack, so the word "paw" represents the attack. Alternate Translation: "from the attack of the lion and from the attack of the bear" or "from the lion and the bear"
1Sa 17:37
the hand of this Philistine
The Philistine's hand represents his power in fighting. Alternate Translation: "the power of this Philistine" or "the Philistine"
1Sa 17:45
in the name of Yahweh
Here "name" represents God's power or authority. Alternate Translation: "with the power of Yahweh" or "with the authority of Yahweh"
1Sa 17:46
all the earth may know
The word "earth" refers to the people on earth. Alternate Translation: "all the people of the earth may know"
1Sa 17:47
Yahweh does not give victory with sword or spear
Swords and spears are examples of battle weapons. They represent human ways of fighting. Alternate Translation: "The victory that Yahweh gives does not depend on sword and spear" or "when Yahweh gives us victory, he does not depend on how we fight"
1Sa 17:47
the battle is Yahweh's
Winning the battle is spoken of as owning the battle. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh always wins the battle" or "the victory belongs to Yahweh"
1Sa 17:47
he will give you into our hand
Giving the Philistines into Israel's hand represents helping Israel to defeat the Philistines in battle. Alternate Translation: "he will help us defeat you"
1Sa 18:16
all Israel and Judah loved David
Here "Israel and Judah" represent the people of all of the tribes. Alternate Translation: "all the people in Israel and Judah loved David"
1Sa 18:30
so that his name was highly regarded
Here "name" is a metonym for David. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "so that people greatly respected David"
1Sa 19:5
sin against innocent blood
Here "blood" is a metonym for the life of an innocent person. Alternate Translation: "commit the sin of murder"
1Sa 19:20
standing as head over them
Here "head" refers to a position of authority. Alternate Translation: "acting as their leader"
1Sa 20:16
house of David
The word "house" is a metonym for the people who live in the house. Alternate Translation: "David's family"
1Sa 20:30
Saul's anger burned against Jonathan
Here "anger burned" is a metonym that refers to becoming very angry. Alternate Translation: "Saul became very angry with Jonathan"
1Sa 21:3
what do you have on hand?
Here "on hand" is a metonym meaning "available." Alternate Translation: "What food do you have that you can give me?"
1Sa 21:8
Now is there not here on hand any spear or sword?
Here "on hand" is a metonym meaning "available." See how you translated this in [1 Samuel 21:3](./03.md). Alternate Translation: "Do you have a spear or sword that you can give me?"
1Sa 21:12
David took these words to heart
Here "took ... to heart" is a metonym to think seriously about what was said. Alternate Translation: "David thought seriously about what the servants said"
1Sa 22:14
is honored in your house
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "whom your family honors"
1Sa 22:15
to all the house of my father
Here "house" represents "family." Alternate Translation: "to all my father's family"
1Sa 22:16
your father's house
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Alternate Translation: "your father's family" or "your father's descendants"
1Sa 22:17
would not put out their hand to kill
The word "hand" is a metonym for the work done with the hand. Alternate Translation: "did not do anything to kill" or "refused to kill"
1Sa 23:11
surrender me into his hand
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "give me over to Saul"
1Sa 23:12
surrender me and my men into the hand of Saul
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "give me and my men over to Saul"
1Sa 23:14
did not give him into his hand
The word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "did not allow Saul to have power over David" or "did not allow Saul to do as he desired with David" or "did not allow Saul to capture David"
1Sa 23:17
For the hand of Saul my father will not find you
Here "hand" is a metonym for Saul and his power. Alternate Translation: "For Saul my father will not find you" or "For Saul my father will never be able to have power over you"
1Sa 24:6
to put out my hand against him
The hand is a metonym for the ability to cause harm. Alternate Translation: "to harm him in any way"
1Sa 24:10
put you into my hand
The word "hand" is a metonym for control. Alternate Translation: "put you where I could kill you or allow you to live"
1Sa 24:12
my hand shall not be against you
The hand is a metonym for the ability to cause harm. See how you translated a similar phrase in [1 Samuel 24:6](./05.md). Alternate Translation: "I will not harm you in any way"
1Sa 24:15
from your hand
The word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "so that you have no power over me"
1Sa 24:20
in your hand
The word "hand" is a metonym that represents power or control.
1Sa 24:21
you will not destroy my name out of my father's house
It is important for each family in Israel to have descendants from generation to generation carrying on the family name and land inheritance. Alternate Translation: "you will not destroy my family and descendants" or "you will allow my family to live"
1Sa 25:3
He was a descendant of the house of Caleb
Here "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "He was a descendant of the family of Caleb" or "He was a descendant of Caleb"
1Sa 25:13
Every man strap on his sword. So every man strapped on his sword. David also strapped on his sword
If swords are not known in your language, you can treat "strap on his sword" as a metonym meaning to prepare for war. Alternate Translation: "'Every man, prepare for war.' And every man prepared for war. David also prepared for war"
1Sa 25:26
avenging yourself with your own hand
The hand is a metonym for what a person does with the hand. Abigail assumes that David should allow Yahweh to take vengeance for him. Alternate Translation: "taking vengeance yourself instead of letting Yahweh do it"
1Sa 25:33
with my own hand
The word "hand" here is a metonym for the action taken by the hand. Alternate Translation: "by my own actions"
1Sa 25:35
have listened to your voice
The word "voice" is a metonym for the message the person speaks and a synecdoche for the person who speaks. Alternate Translation: "have listened to what you have told me" or "will do as you have advised me"
1Sa 25:41
She arose, bowed herself
Abigail responded by bowing. The reader should understand that she was probably already standing when the men were talking to her in [1 Samuel 25:40](./39.md), and so the word "arose" is a metonym for deciding to bow down.
1Sa 26:8
God has put your enemy into your hand
Abishai speaks as if the enemy were a small object that God had put into David's hand. The word "hand" is a metonym for the power the hand can wield. Alternate Translation: "God has given you complete control over your enemy"
1Sa 26:8
pin him to the ground with the spear
This is a metonym that refers to "kill with a spear"
1Sa 26:11
extend my hand against
The hand is a metonym for the harm a hand can do. Alternate Translation: "do anything to harm"
1Sa 26:18
What evil is in my hand?
This speaks of evil as if it were an object that is held in the hand. Here "hand" represents a person acting or doing something. Possible meanings are 1) David really does want Saul to answer the question. Alternate Translation: "What have I done wrong?" or 2) this rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate Translation: "I have done nothing wrong!"
1Sa 26:23
Yahweh put you into my hand today
The word "hand" is a metonym for the person's power. "Yahweh gave me an opportunity to attack you today" or "Yahweh placed me where I could easily have killed you"
1Sa 27:5
let them give me a place
Since Achish was the one who would "give," this is a metonym for "please give me a place."
1Sa 30:15
you will not ... betray me up into the hands of my master
Here "hands" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "you will not ... violate the trust I have in you by allowing my master to control me again"
1Sa 31:1
against Israel
Israel refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "against the people of Israel"
2Sa 1:14
with your own hand
This phrase refers to doing something yourself. Alternate Translation: "yourself" or "personally"
2Sa 1:16
Your blood is on your head
Here "blood" is a metonym that implies "shed blood" and is associated with death. Here "your head" is a synecdoche referring to the man and means that he is responsible. Alternate Translation: "You are responsible for your own death" or "You have caused your own death"
2Sa 1:19
Your glory, Israel, is dead
Your glory refers to Saul.
2Sa 1:19
the mighty
The phrase "the mighty" refers to both Saul and Jonathan. This nominal adjective is plural, and can be stated as "the mighty ones."(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
2Sa 1:20
the daughters of the uncircumcised
This phrase refers to people who do not follow Yahweh, such as the Philistines.
2Sa 1:21
the shield of the mighty was defiled
The "mighty" here refers to Saul. The shield was defiled because it fell on the ground, and because the king's blood was shed on it.
2Sa 2:31
of Benjamin
This phrase means "from the tribe of Benjamin."
2Sa 3:8
into the hand of David
Here "hand" represents the power to defeat. Alternate Translation: "to be defeated by David"
2Sa 3:10
throne of David
This phrase refers to the authority of David as king.
2Sa 3:12
my hand is with you
Here "hand" represents Abner's assistance that he is offering to David. Alternate Translation: "I will assist you"
2Sa 3:18
By the hand of my servant David
Here "hand" refers to David's power to defeat the Philistines. Alternate Translation: "I will empower my servant David and"
2Sa 3:18
the hand of the Philistines
Here "hand" refers to power over Israel. Alternate Translation: "the power of the Philistines"
2Sa 3:18
the hand of all their enemies
Here "hand" refers to power over Israel. Alternate Translation: "the power of all of their enemies"
2Sa 3:19
the people of Benjamin ... the whole house of Benjamin
Both of these statements refer to the descendants of Benjamin, who were one of the tribes of Israel.
2Sa 3:21
all Israel
This phrase means "all of the nation of Israel."
2Sa 3:27
the blood of Asahel
Here "blood" is associated with the death of Asahel. Alternate Translation: "the death of Asahel"
2Sa 3:28
the blood of Abner
Here "blood" refers to the death of Abner. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Samuel 3:27](./27.md). Alternate Translation: "the death of Abner" or "the murder of Abner"
2Sa 3:29
all his father's house
Here "house" refers to descendants. Alternate Translation: "all the descendants of Joab's father"
2Sa 3:29
May there never fail to be
This double negative emphasizes that there will always be someone with the problems listed. Alternate Translation: "May there always be"
2Sa 3:29
is killed by the sword
Here "sword" refers to violent death. Alternate Translation: "dies violently"
2Sa 3:34
the sons of injustice
This refers to people who are unjust or wicked. Alternate Translation: "wicked men"
2Sa 4:11
require his blood from your hand
The phrase "his blood" represents the life of Ishbosheth. Here "from your hand" represents Rechab and Baanah, the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, introduced in [2 Samuel 4:5](./05.md). Alternate Translation: "hold you responsible for the death of Ishbosheth"
2Sa 5:8
The 'blind and the lame'
Possible meanings are 1) this refers to people who are truly lame and blind or 2) this is a metonym that speaks about the Jebusites inside the city of Jerusalem as if they were all weak and handicapped.
2Sa 6:1
all the chosen men of Israel
This metonym represents the army of the nation of Israel.
2Sa 6:5
all the house of Israel
This metonym represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "all the other Israelites with him"
2Sa 6:12
Obed Edom's house
Here "house" represents a family. Alternate Translation: "Obed Edom and his family"
2Sa 6:15
all the house of Israel
Here "house" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "all the other Israelites with him"
2Sa 6:16
she despised him in her heart
Here "heart" represents thoughts or emotions. Alternate Translation: "she looked at him with disdain" or "she sneered at him"
2Sa 6:18
he blessed the people in the name of Yahweh of hosts
To bless "in the name of Yahweh of hosts" means to bless with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative.
2Sa 6:22
I will be humiliated in my own eyes
Here "in my own eyes" represents what a person considers or thinks about something. Alternate Translation: "I will consider myself humiliated" or "I will consider myself a fool"
2Sa 7:3
do what is in your heart
Here "heart" represents the mind. Alternate Translation: "do what you think you should"
2Sa 7:8
I took you from the pasture
David's job as a shepherd is referred to by the place he watched his sheep. Alternate Translation: "I took you from your job as a shepherd"
2Sa 7:9
make your name great
Here "name" represents a person's reputation.
2Sa 7:11
I will make you a house
Here the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In [2 Samuel 7:4](./03.md) Yahweh asked David if he would be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There "house" represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 7:4.
2Sa 7:12
I will establish his kingdom
Here "his kingdom" represents his power to rule. Alternate Translation: "I will make him to be a very powerful king"
2Sa 7:13
a house for my name
Here "name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "a permanent dwelling for me"
2Sa 7:13
I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever
Here "throne" represents the person's power to rule as king. Alternate Translation: "I will make his rule over Israel to last forever"
2Sa 7:23
to make a name for yourself
Here "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "to make all people know who you are"
2Sa 7:23
for your land
Here "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "for your people"
2Sa 7:23
You drove out nations
Here "nations" represents the people groups that were living in Canaan.
2Sa 7:26
May your name be forever great
Here "name" represents Yahweh's reputation.
2Sa 7:26
the house of me, David, your servant
Here "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "my family"
2Sa 7:27
that you will build him a house
Here the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In [2 Samuel 7:4](./03.md) Yahweh asked David if he would be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There "house" represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 7:4.
2Sa 7:27
house
Here "house" represents David's family.
2Sa 8:7
David took ... King David took
Here David represents his soldiers. Alternate Translation: "David's soldiers took ... King David's soldiers took"
2Sa 8:8
David took ... King David took
Here David represents his soldiers. Alternate Translation: "David's soldiers took ... King David's soldiers took"
2Sa 8:13
David's name was well known
Here "name" refers to David's reputation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "David was very famous"
2Sa 9:3
who is lame in his feet
whose feet are damaged. The word "feet" here refers to the ability to walk. Alternate Translation: "who is unable to walk"
2Sa 9:7
you will always eat at my table
Here "my table" represents being together with David or in his presence. Eating with the king at his table was a great honor. Alternate Translation: "you will always eat with me"
2Sa 9:10
must always eat at my table
Here "my table" represents being together with David or in his presence. Eating with the king at his table was a great honor. Alternate Translation: "must always eat with me"
2Sa 9:12
All who lived in the house of Ziba
Here "house" represents Ziba's family. Alternate Translation: "All of Ziba's family"
2Sa 9:13
he always ate at the king's table
Here "table" represents being together with David or in his presence. Eating with the king at his table was a great honor. Alternate Translation: "he always ate with the king at his table"
2Sa 9:13
though he was lame in both his feet
thouge both of his feet were damaged. Here "feet" represents the ability to walk. Alternate Translation: "though he was unable to walk"
2Sa 10:3
in order to overthrow it
Here "it" refers to the city which represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "in order to conquer us"
2Sa 10:17
gathered all Israel together
Here "Israel" represents the army of Israel. Alternate Translation: "assembled all the army of Israel together"
2Sa 11:3
he asked people who would know about the woman
David was trying to find out who the woman was. The word "he" refers to David, but is a metonym for the messenger that David sent. The messenger was to ask the people for information about her. Alternate Translation: "the messenger asked the people who knew her about who she was"
2Sa 11:4
took her
and he took her. Here it says that David took the woman, but it was actually the messengers whom he sent that took her and brought her to him. Alternate Translation: "they brought her to him"
2Sa 11:8
wash your feet
This phrase is a metonym for returning home to rest for the night after working all day. Alternate Translation: "rest for the night"
2Sa 11:8
the king sent a gift for Uriah
David sent someone to bring the gift to Uriah. This can be stated clearly. Alternate Translation: "the king sent someone to take a gift to Uriah"
2Sa 11:18
Joab sent word to David
The phrase "sent word" means that he sent a messenger to give a report. Alternate Translation: "Joab sent a messenger to David to give a report"
2Sa 11:25
for the sword devours one as well as another
Here "the sword" refers to a person who kills someone with sword. Also, killing someone with a sword is spoken of as if the sword were "eating" the people. Alternate Translation: "for one man can be killed by a sword the same as another man" or "for any man can die in battle"
2Sa 12:7
out of the hand of Saul
Here the word "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "out of Saul's control" or "from Saul's control"
2Sa 12:9
You have struck down Uriah the Hittite with the sword
David did not kill Uriah himself, rather he arranged for him to be killed in battle. The phrase "with the sword" represents how Uriah died in battle. Alternate Translation: "You have arranged for Uriah the Hittite to die in battle"
2Sa 12:9
You killed him with the sword of the army of Ammon
David did not kill Uriah himself, rather he arranged for him to be killed in battle when Israel was fighting against Ammon. The phrase "with the sword" refers to how he died in battle. Alternate Translation: "You arranged for him to die in battle against the army of Ammon"
2Sa 12:10
the sword will never leave your house
Here the word "sword" refers to people dying in war. Also, David's "house" refers to his descendants. Alternate Translation: "some of your descendants will always die in battle"
2Sa 12:11
out of your own house
Here David's "house" refers to his family. Alternate Translation: "from among your own family"
2Sa 12:12
before all Israel
This phrase speaks of the people of Israel knowing about what has happened to his wives as if they all actually witnessed it happening. Alternate Translation: "before all the people of Israel" or "and all the people of Israel will know about it"
2Sa 12:25
he sent word through Nathan the prophet
Here "word" refers to a message that Yahweh told Nathan to tell David. Alternate Translation: "he sent Nathan to tell him"
2Sa 12:26
Rabbah
Fighting against this city literally means to fight against the people of Rabbah. Translate the name the same as you did in [2 Samuel 11:1](../11/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the people of Rabbah"
2Sa 12:30
he brought out
Here the author speaks of David when he is actually referring to David's soldiers. Alternate Translation: "they brought out"
2Sa 12:31
He brought out the people
David did not bring out the people himself; he commanded his soldiers to bring them out. Alternate Translation: "David commanded his soldiers to bring out the people"
2Sa 12:31
all the cities of the people of Ammon
This refers to the people in the cities. Alternate Translation: "all the people of the cites of Ammon"
2Sa 13:6
for my sickness in front of me
The food is not for his sickness, but rather it is for him, because he is sick. The phrase "in front of me" is a request for Tamar to prepare the food in his presence. Alternate Translation: "in front of me because I am sick"
2Sa 13:7
David sent word
This means that he sent a messenger to speak to Tamar. Alternate Translation: "David sent a messenger"
2Sa 13:30
that the news came to David saying
Here it says that the news came, when really someone came and told David the news. Alternate Translation: "that someone came and reported the news to David saying"
2Sa 14:2
sent word to Tekoa and had a wise woman brought
This means that Joab sent someone with a message to Tekoa and had him bring back a woman to him. This can be written in active form. Alternate Translation: "sent someone with a message to Tokoa and had him bring a wise woman back"
2Sa 14:7
neither name nor descendant
This refers to a son to carry on the family's name into the next generation. Alternate Translation: "no son to preserve our family's name"
2Sa 14:9
The king and his throne
Here the word "throne" refers to anyone who later becomes king in David's place. Alternate Translation: "The king and his descendants" or "The king and his family"
2Sa 14:16
from the hand of the man
This phrase is an idiom. Also, "the hand" is a metonym referring to the man's control. Alternate Translation: "out of the control of the man"
2Sa 14:19
Is not the hand of Joab with you in all this
Here the word "hand" refers to Joab's influence. Alternate Translation: "Has not Joab influenced you in all this" or "Did Joab send you here to speak these things"
2Sa 14:29
Absalom sent word for Joab
Here "word" is a metonym for "a message." This means that he sent a messenger to Joab with a request. Alternate Translation: "Absalom sent a messenger to Joab asking him"
2Sa 14:29
So Absalom sent word a second time
Here "word" is a metonym for "a message." This means that he sent a messenger to Joab again with the same request. The full meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate Translation: "So Absalom sent a messenger to Joab again with the same request"
2Sa 14:32
I sent word
Here "word" is a metonym for "a message." This means that he sent a messenger. Alternate Translation: "I sent a messenger"
2Sa 15:3
to hear your case
Hearing a case means to listen to it and to make a judgement decision over it. Alternate Translation: "to judge your case" or "to oversee your case"
2Sa 15:10
throughout all the tribes of Israel
Here the places where the tribes of Israel lived are referred to as the tribes themselves. Alternate Translation: "throughout the land of the tribes of Israel"
2Sa 15:14
attack the city with the edge of the sword
The "city" is a metonym referring to the people in the city. The "edge of the sword" is a synecdoche referring to the Israelites' swords and emphasize that they killed the people in battle. Alternate Translation: "will attack the people of our city and kill them with their swords"
2Sa 15:25
I find favor in the eyes of Yahweh
Here the "eyes of Yahweh" refer to Yahweh's thoughts and opinion. If you "find favor" with someone it means that they are pleased with you. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh is pleased with me"
2Sa 15:25
where he lives
where his presence is. The ark of the covenant symbolizes Yahweh's presence. This refers to the place where the ark is. Alternate Translation: "where it is kept"
2Sa 15:28
until word comes from you
This refers to him sending a messenger to the king. Alternate Translation: "until you send a messenger to me to inform me"
2Sa 16:3
house of Israel
This refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
2Sa 16:7
man of blood
Here "blood" refers to all of men he was responsible for killing in battle. Alternate Translation: "murderer"
2Sa 16:8
for the blood you shed within the family of Saul
Here "blood" refer to people who were killed from Saul's family. The king was responsible for them dying. Alternate Translation: "for killing many of Saul's family"
2Sa 16:8
into the hand of Absalom
Here "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "into the control of Absalom"
2Sa 17:3
under you
This refers to being under the king's authority. Alternate Translation: "under your authority"
2Sa 17:17
When the message came
Here the "message" is spoken of as coming to them, when really it is the woman who came to then bringing the message. Alternate Translation: "When she brought them a message"
2Sa 17:21
cross quickly over the water
Here "the water" refers to the Jordan River. Alternate Translation: "cross quickly over the river"
2Sa 18:1
David counted the soldiers who were with him and appointed
David did not count all of the people himself, rather other men counted them. Alternate Translation: "David commanded for the soldiers who were with him to be counted and he appointed" or "David arranged the soldiers who were with him and appointed"
2Sa 18:9
his head was caught up in the tree branches
Absalom had long hair that got caught in the tree branches. Alternate Translation: "his hair was caught in the tree branches"
2Sa 18:18
to carry along the memory of my name
Absalom uses the phrase "my name" to refer to himself and his family line. Alternate Translation: "to carry on my family name, by which people would remember me"
2Sa 18:19
the hand of his enemies
Here "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "the control of his enemies"
2Sa 19:9
out of the hand of our enemies
Here "hand" means control. Alternate Translation: "from under the control of our enemies" or "from our enemies' control"
2Sa 19:9
out of the hand of the Philistines
Here "hand" means control. Alternate Translation: "from under the control of the Philistines" or "from the Philistines' control"
2Sa 19:14
he won the hearts
Here the mens' loyalty is referred to as their "hearts." Alternate Translation: "he won the loyalty"
2Sa 19:28
my father's house
This refers to his father's relatives. Alternate Translation: "my father's relatives"
2Sa 20:6
out of our sight
Here David refers to his army by their sight to emphasize that Sheba and his men would be hidden and David's army would be unable to capture them. Alternate Translation: "from us"
2Sa 20:19
the inheritance of Yahweh
Here the city is referred to as Yahweh's inheritance to emphasize that it belongs to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "a city that belongs to Yahweh"
2Sa 21:9
He handed them over into the hands of the Gibeonites
Here "the hands of the Gibeonites" represents the Gibeonite people's control. Alternate Translation: "He gave them to the Gibeonites"
2Sa 22:1
out of the hand of
This metonym means "out of the power of."
2Sa 22:7
my call for help went into his ears
Here the metonym "his ears" refers to Yahweh and his hearing of David's call for help. Alternate Translation: "he heard my prayer for help"
2Sa 22:31
He is a shield
The metaphor "a shield" emphasizes God's power to protect his people.
2Sa 22:39
under my feet
Here "feet" refers to the power and control of victory over his enemies.
2Sa 22:50
to your name
Here the metonym "name" refers to Yahweh's reputation.
2Sa 23:2
and his word was on my tongue
Here "on my tongue" is a metonym for David speaking. Alternate Translation: "he gave me a message to speak"
2Sa 24:9
who drew the sword
This metonym refers to the men who were ready to fight in the army.
2Sa 24:10
David's heart afflicted him
The "heart" here is a metonym for David's emotions and conscience. Alternate Translation: "David felt guilty"
2Sa 24:14
Let us fall into Yahweh's hands rather than into the hand of man
Here "hands" refer to power or control. Alternate Translation: "Let Yahweh and not people punish us"
2Sa 24:16
the angel reached out with his hand toward Jerusalem to destroy it
Here the metonym "hand" stands for the angel's power. Alternate Translation: "the angel was about to destroy the people in Jerusalem"
2Sa 24:16
Now draw back your hand
The metonym "hand" stands for the angel's power. Alternate Translation: "Do not harm them any longer"
2Sa 24:17
Please let your hand punish me
Here the metonym "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "Please punish me"
2Sa 24:25
on behalf of the land
Here the metonym "land" stands for the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "on behalf of the people of Israel"
1Ki 1:13
he will sit on my throne
Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. Alternate Translation: "he will be king just as I was"
1Ki 1:17
he shall sit on my throne
Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 1:13](./13.md). Alternate Translation: "he will be king just as I was"
1Ki 1:27
who should sit on the throne
Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:13](./13.md). Alternate Translation: "who would be king after him"
1Ki 1:30
he will sit on my throne in my place
Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:13](./13.md). Alternate Translation: "he will take my place and be king just as I was"
1Ki 1:37
make his throne greater than the throne of my master King David
The word "throne" is a metonym for either 1) the person who sits on the throne. Alternate Translation: "make the one who sits on the throne greater than my master King David" or 2) the kingdom over which the one who sits on the throne rules. Alternate Translation: "make his kingdom greater than the kingdom of my master King David"
1Ki 1:46
is sitting on the throne of the kingdom
Possible meanings are 1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:35](./35.md). Alternate Translation: "is now king" or 2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne.
1Ki 1:48
a person to sit on my throne this day
Possible meanings are 1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 1:35](./35.md). Alternate Translation: "a person to be king today as I was" or 2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne.
1Ki 2:4
you will never cease to have a man on the throne of Israel
The word "throne" is a metonym for the king who sits on the throne. The litotes "will never cease to have" can be stated positively. Alternate Translation: "your descendants will never cease to be kings of Israel" or "one of your descendants will always be the king of Israel"
1Ki 2:5
shed the blood of war in peace
Possible meanings are 1) "killed those men during a time of peace as if he were killing them in war" or 2) "took revenge on those men during a time of peace because they had killed people in war"
1Ki 2:5
put the blood of war on the belt around his waist and on the shoes on his feet
Possible meanings are 1) Joab was close enough to these men when he killed them that their blood spattered on his belt and on his sandals or 2) the word "blood" is a metonym for guilt of murder, and the belt and the shoes are metonyms for Joab's authority as commander, so David is saying that because Joab is guilty of murder, he should not be commander of the army. Either way, it is best to translate this literally.
1Ki 2:6
do not let his gray head go down to the grave in peace
Here being old is represented by having gray hair, that is, a "gray head." Alternate Translation: "make sure Joab dies a violent death before he grows old"
1Ki 2:7
let them be among those who eat at your table
The table is a metonym for the home where the table is. Alternate Translation: "welcome them to eat at your home"
1Ki 2:9
bring his gray head down to the grave with blood
Blood is a metonym for violent death, and the head is synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate Translation: "make sure he dies a violent death"
1Ki 2:12
sat on the throne of his father David
The throne represents the authority of the king. Alternate Translation: "became king, as his father David had been"
1Ki 2:16
do not turn away from my face ... he will not turn away from your face
Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate Translation: "do not refuse to do what I request ... he will not refuse to do what you request"
1Ki 2:17
do not turn away from my face ... he will not turn away from your face
Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. Alternate Translation: "do not refuse to do what I request ... he will not refuse to do what you request"
1Ki 2:20
you will not turn away from my face ... I will not turn away from your face
Turning from the face of someone is a metonym for refusing to look at someone, which in turn is a metonym for refusing to do what that person requests. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 2:16-17](./16.md). Alternate Translation: "you will not refuse to do what I request ... I will not refuse to do what you request"
1Ki 2:24
set me on the throne
The word "throne" refers to Solomon's authority to rule that was given by Yahweh.
1Ki 2:24
who has made me a house
Here "house" refers to descendants that Yahweh gave to King Solomon, who would continue to reign after him.
1Ki 2:28
the horns of the altar
The horns of the altar symbolized Yahweh's power and protection.
1Ki 2:31
bury him so that you may take away from me and from my father's house the blood that Joab shed without cause
Here "house" stands for the descendants of David while "blood" represents guilt. Alternate Translation: "bury him and so remove from me and my family the guilt for the murders Joab committed without cause" or "bury him. Do that so Yahweh will not hold me and my father's house guilty because Joab murdered people for no reason"
1Ki 2:32
May Yahweh return his blood on his own head
The word "his" refers to Joab. "Blood" is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom "his blood on his own head" means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate Translation: "Joab has murdered people, and I want Yahweh to hold him guilty for what he has done"
1Ki 2:33
may their blood return on the head of Joab and on the head of his descendants
The word "blood" is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom "blood return on the head of" means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate Translation: "I want Yahweh to hold Joab and his descendants guilty"
1Ki 2:33
to his house, and to his throne
The words "house" and "throne" are metonyms for the family and the kingdom. Alternate Translation: "to David's descendants and to David's kingdom"
1Ki 2:34
in his own house
The house is a metonym for the land on which the house stood. The Israelites buried people out of doors in graves or tombs. Alternate Translation: "where his family lived"
1Ki 2:37
Your blood will be on your own head
Here "blood" is a metonym for guilt and the head is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "You will be responsible for your own death"
1Ki 2:45
the throne of David will be established before Yahweh forever
Here "throne of David" represents the authority and rule of David and all his descendants forever.
1Ki 2:46
in Solomon's hand
This use of "hand" represents Solomon's power and authority.
1Ki 3:2
for the name of Yahweh
The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for the name" refers to worshiping the person. Alternate Translation: "in which people would worship Yahweh"
1Ki 3:6
to sit on his throne
Sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "to rule in his place"
1Ki 3:11
the life of your enemies
The "life" is a metonym for the power to kill. Alternate Translation: "the power to kill your enemies"
1Ki 3:12
I give you a wise and an understanding heart
The heart is a metonym for what a person thinks and desires. Alternate Translation: "I make you able to be wise and to understand many things"
1Ki 4:25
Judah and Israel
The words "Judah" and "Israel" are metonyms for the people of Judah and Israel.
1Ki 5:3
for the name of Yahweh
The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for the name" refers to worshiping the person.See how you translated this in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "in which people would worship Yahweh"
1Ki 5:5
for the name of Yahweh my God ... for my name
The word "name" is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "where Yahweh my God will live ... where I will live"
1Ki 5:5
set on your throne in your place
Here "throne" refers to ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "make to be the king after you"
1Ki 6:1
Solomon began to build
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "Solomon commanded his workers to begin building"
1Ki 6:4
he made windows
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "they made windows"
1Ki 6:5
he built ... he made
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "they built ... they made"
1Ki 6:6
he built ... he made
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "they built ... they made"
1Ki 6:9
Solomon built ... he covered ... He built
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers built ... they covered ... They built"
1Ki 6:10
Solomon built ... he covered ... He built
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers built ... they covered ... They built"
1Ki 6:10
inner chambers
This phrase is a metonym for the walls that enclosed the chambers. Alternate Translation: "exterior walls that enclosed the inner chambers"
1Ki 6:12
which you are building
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "which you are having your workers build"
1Ki 6:14
Solomon ... he built ... he covered them ... he covered the floor
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers ... they built ... they covered them ... they covered the floor"
1Ki 6:15
Solomon ... he built ... he covered them ... he covered the floor
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers ... they built ... they covered them ... they covered the floor"
1Ki 6:16
He built twenty cubits ... He built this room
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate Translation: "He commanded them to build twenty cubits ... He had them build this room"
1Ki 6:19
Solomon prepared ... Solomon overlaid
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They prepared ... They overlaid"
1Ki 6:20
Solomon prepared ... Solomon overlaid
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They prepared ... They overlaid"
1Ki 6:21
Solomon overlaid ... he placed ... He overlaid ... He also overlaid
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They overlaid ... they placed ... They overlaid ... They also overlaid"
1Ki 6:22
Solomon overlaid ... he placed ... He overlaid ... He also overlaid
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They overlaid ... they placed ... They overlaid ... They also overlaid"
1Ki 6:23
Solomon made
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon commanded them to make"
1Ki 6:27
Solomon placed ... Solomon overlaid
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They placed ... They overlaid"
1Ki 6:28
Solomon placed ... Solomon overlaid
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They placed ... They overlaid"
1Ki 6:29
He carved ... Solomon overlaid
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "He commanded them to carve ... He had them overlay"
1Ki 6:30
He carved ... Solomon overlaid
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "He commanded them to carve ... He had them overlay"
1Ki 6:31
Solomon made ... he made ... he made ... He overlaid ... he spread
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They made ... they made ... they made ... They overlaid ... they spread"
1Ki 6:32
Solomon made ... he made ... he made ... He overlaid ... he spread
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They made ... they made ... they made ... They overlaid ... they spread"
1Ki 6:33
Solomon also made ... He carved ... he evenly overlaid
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They also made ... They carved ... they evenly overlaid"
1Ki 6:35
Solomon also made ... He carved ... he evenly overlaid
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They also made ... They carved ... they evenly overlaid"
1Ki 6:36
He built the inner courtyard
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They built the inner courtyard"
1Ki 6:38
Solomon took
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "It took Solomon's workers"
1Ki 7:1
Solomon took ... He built
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "It took Solomon's workers ... He commanded them to build"
1Ki 7:2
Solomon took ... He built
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "It took Solomon's workers ... He commanded them to build"
1Ki 7:7
Solomon built
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon had them build"
1Ki 7:8
He also built
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "He also commanded them to build"
1Ki 7:18
Huram made
Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Huram commanded his workers to make"
1Ki 7:21
He raised up
Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They raised up"
1Ki 7:23
Huram made
Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Huram also commanded them to make"
1Ki 7:27
Huram made
Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Huram also commanded them to make" or "They also made"
1Ki 7:36
Huram engraved ... He made
Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "they engraved ... He commanded them to make"
1Ki 7:37
Huram engraved ... He made
Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "they engraved ... He commanded them to make"
1Ki 7:38
Huram made ten ... He made five ... He set
Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Huram had them make ten ... Human had them make five ... Huram commanded them to set"
1Ki 7:39
Huram made ten ... He made five ... He set
Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Huram had them make ten ... Human had them make five ... Huram commanded them to set"
1Ki 7:40
Huram made ... he finished
Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Huram had them make ... they finished"
1Ki 7:42
He made
Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They made"
1Ki 7:44
He made ... Huram made
Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They made ... They made"
1Ki 7:45
He made ... Huram made
Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "They made ... They made"
1Ki 7:46
The king had cast them ... Solomon did not weigh
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "The king had his workers cast them ... Solomon did not have them weigh"
1Ki 7:47
The king had cast them ... Solomon did not weigh
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "The king had his workers cast them ... Solomon did not have them weigh"
1Ki 7:48
Solomon had made
Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers had made"
1Ki 8:15
with his own hands
The hand is a metonym for the power in the hand. Alternate Translation: "by his own power"
1Ki 8:16
in order for my name to be
The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "so that people would worship me"
1Ki 8:17
for the name of Yahweh ... for my name
The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "in which people would worship Yahweh ... in which people will worship me"
1Ki 8:18
for the name of Yahweh ... for my name
The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "in which people would worship Yahweh ... in which people will worship me"
1Ki 8:20
I sit on the throne of Israel
The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate Translation: "I rule over Israel"
1Ki 8:20
for the name of Yahweh
The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated this in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "in which people will worship Yahweh"
1Ki 8:21
is Yahweh's covenant, which
The stone tablets on which Yahweh had written the terms of the covenant are spoken of as if they were the covenant itself. Alternate Translation: "are the tablets on which Yahweh wrote the terms of the covenant that"
1Ki 8:24
fulfilled it with your hand
The hand is a metonym for the power of the hand. Alternate Translation: "by your power fulfilled what you said"
1Ki 8:25
to sit on the throne of Israel
The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate Translation: "to rule over Israel"
1Ki 8:29
May your eyes be open toward
The eye is a metonym for what the eye does. Alternate Translation: "May you watch over"
1Ki 8:44
for your name
The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "in which people will worship you"
1Ki 8:48
for your name
The word "name" is a metonym for the person, and "for ... name" refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in [1 Kings 3:2](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "in which people will worship you"
1Ki 8:58
incline our hearts to him
Here their "hearts" refer to the people's desires and emotions. Desiring to please someone is spoken of as inclining the heart toward that person. Alternate Translation: "make us want to please him"
1Ki 9:3
to put my name there forever
The name is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "to dwell there and to claim possession of it forever"
1Ki 9:5
the throne of your kingdom
Here "throne" refers to his reign. Alternate Translation: "your dynasty" or "your reign"
1Ki 9:5
will never fail to be on the throne of Israel
The action of ruling a kingdom is spoken of as if it were a person sitting on a throne. This can be expressed positively. Alternate Translation: "will always rule over Israel"
1Ki 9:7
set apart to my name
Here the word "name" is a metonym for the person who possesses something. Alternate Translation: "set apart for myself"
1Ki 9:16
Pharaoh king of Egypt had gone up
The person is a metonym for the army he commands. Alternate Translation: "The army of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, had gone up"
1Ki 9:25
So he completed the temple
Solomon is a metonym for the workers he hired to do the work. Alternate Translation: "So his workers completed the temple"
1Ki 10:1
Solomon's fame concerning the name of Yahweh
Here Yahweh is represented by his "name." Possible meanings are 1) Alternate Translation: "Solomon's fame, which glorified Yahweh" or 2) Alternate Translation: "Solomon's fame, which Yahweh had given him"
1Ki 10:7
my eyes have seen it
The phrase "my eyes" emphasizes that she herself saw it. Alternate Translation: "I have seen it for myself"
1Ki 10:9
who placed you on the throne of Israel
The throne is a metonym for the king who sits on it. Alternate Translation: "who made you king of Israel"
1Ki 10:24
sought the presence of Solomon
The presence of the person is a metonym for being able to speak and listen to the person. Alternate Translation: "sought an audience with Solomon" or "wanted to visit Solomon"
1Ki 10:24
to hear his wisdom, which God had put in his heart
The heart is a metonym for what a person thinks and is spoken of as if it were a container. The abstract noun "wisdom" is spoken of as if it were an object that could be put in a container and can be translated as an adjective. It can be a metonym for either the person or the words the person speaks. Alternate Translation: "to hear his wisdom, which God had given him" or "to hear how wise God had enabled him to be" or "to hear him speak the wise words that God had enabled him to speak"
1Ki 11:2
turn your heart to their gods
To "turn someone's heart" is to convince that person to change his affection. Alternate Translation: "persuade you to worship the gods that they worship"
1Ki 11:3
his heart was not fully surrendered ... as was the heart of David
To "surrender" your heart refers to giving total allegiance and affection. Alternate Translation: "he was not fully devoted ... as was David"
1Ki 11:4
his heart was not fully surrendered ... as was the heart of David
To "surrender" your heart refers to giving total allegiance and affection. Alternate Translation: "he was not fully devoted ... as was David"
1Ki 11:12
the hand of your son
The word "hand" refers to control, authority and power. Alternate Translation: "your son's control"
1Ki 11:26
lifted up his hand against the king
The word "hand" refers to authority, power and control. The phrase "lifted up against" refers to having opposed someone by using authority, power and control. This is a metonym used as a common idiom. Alternate Translation: "rebelled against the king"
1Ki 11:28
all the labor
The word "labor" refers to the work that Solomon commanded the people to do for his government. This is a metonym.
1Ki 11:28
the house of Joseph
This refers to the descendants of Joseph who were the people groups of Ephraim and Manasseh. This is a metonym.
1Ki 11:31
the hand of Solomon
Here "hand" is a metonym that refers to a person's authority, control and power. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's control"
1Ki 11:32
Solomon will have
The name "Solomon" here is a metonym referring to his descendants. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's sons will have" or "Solomon's descendants will have"
1Ki 11:33
what is right in my eyes
Eyes here is a metonym for someone's opinion or idea. This is a commonly used idiom. Alternate Translation: "what I consider to be right"
1Ki 11:34
out of Solomon's hand
Here the word "hand" is a metonym that refers to a person's authority, control and power. Alternate Translation: "out of Solomon's control"
1Ki 11:36
may always have a lamp before me
The word "lamp" is a metonym that refers to a person's influence and guidance. Alternate Translation: "will always have a descendant to rule as an influence and a guide for obeying my covenant with David's family"
1Ki 11:38
what is right in my eyes
The word "eyes" here is a metonym for someone's opinion or idea. This is a commonly used idiom. See how you translated this phrase in [1 Kings 11:33](./31.md).
1Ki 12:16
We have no inheritance in the son of Jesse
Son of Jesse here is a metonym for David, a son of Jesse. "Inheritance" is a metonym for the part left for these people from David's successes. Alternate Translation: "We will have nothing to do with the descendants of Jesse"
1Ki 12:16
Go to your tents, Israel
Tents here is a metonym representing a person's place of residence. Alternate Translation: "Go to your homes, people of Israel"
1Ki 12:16
Now see to your own house, David
House here is a metonym for David's lineage of power and prestige. Alternate Translation: "Now take care of your own kingdom, descendant of David"
1Ki 12:18
all Israel
Here "Israel" is a metonym for the people of Israel. "All Israel" is a generalization which means almost all the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Israel who were there"
1Ki 12:19
the house of David
Here "house" is a metonym that represents family or descendants. Alternate Translation: "the kings descended from David"
1Ki 12:21
all the house of Judah and the tribe of Benjamin
Here "house" is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants. And, here "tribe" refers specifically to the soldiers from those tribes. Alternate Translation: "all the soldiers from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin"
1Ki 12:21
the house of Israel
Here "house" represents the kingdom made up of the 10 northern tribes of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of the northern tribes of Israel"
1Ki 12:23
all the house of Judah and Benjamin
Here "house" is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants. Alternate Translation: "all the people from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin"
1Ki 12:26
thought in his heart
Heart here is a metonym for a person's inner consciousness, thoughts, motivation, or feelings. Alternate Translation: "thought to himself"
1Ki 12:26
the house of David
Here "house" is a metonym representing family or descendants. Alternate Translation: "the kings descended from David"
1Ki 12:27
the heart of these people
Heart here is a metonym for the people's allegiance and affection. Alternate Translation: "the allegiance of these people"
1Ki 12:28
brought you up
You here is a metonym for the ancestors of the people. Alternate Translation: "brought your ancestors up"
1Ki 12:31
Jeroboam made houses on high places
The workers who did this at Jeroboam's commands are represented by the metonym of the name of Jeroboam himself. Alternate Translation: "Jeroboam's workers made houses on high places"
1Ki 13:2
a son named Josiah will be born to the family of David
Here the "family of David" refers to the descendants of David. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "a descendant of David will have a son named Josiah"
1Ki 14:8
with all his heart
Here the "heart" refers to a person's will and desire. Alternate Translation: "with all his will" or "with complete commitment"
1Ki 14:13
out of Jeroboam's house
The word "house" here is a metonym for "family." Alternate Translation: "in all of Jeroboam's family"
1Ki 14:21
in which to put his name
Here "put his name" is a metonym for "dwell" and refers to the temple where Yahweh was to be worshiped. Alternate Translation: "in which to dwell" or "in which to be worshiped"
1Ki 14:22
Judah did
Here "Judah" represents the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "The people of Judah did"
1Ki 14:23
built for themselves
The words "for themselves" are a metonym for what they will do with the high places. Alternate Translation: "built for their own use"
1Ki 14:24
the same despicable practices as the nations that
Here the word "nations" represents the people in those nations. Alternate Translation: "the same disgusting things that the people did, whom"
1Ki 14:26
that Solomon had made
Here "Solomon" refers to the craftsmen who worked for Solomon to make the shields. Alternate Translation: "that Solomon had his workers make"
1Ki 14:27
King Rehoboam made shields
Here "King Rehoboam" represents the persons who worked for him to make the shields. Alternate Translation: "King Rehoboam's workers made shields"
1Ki 14:27
entrusted them into the hands of the commanders
Here "hands" represents care or responsibility. Alternate Translation: "made them the responsibility of the commanders"
1Ki 14:27
who guarded the doors to the king's house
Here "doors" represents the entrance. Alternate Translation: "who guarded the entrance to the king's house"
1Ki 15:13
Asa cut down the disgusting figure
Since Asa was king, he may have told his officials to cut down the figure. Alternate Translation: "Asa caused the disgusting figure to be cut down" or "Asa made them cut down the disgusting figure"
1Ki 15:18
He put it into the hands of his servants
Putting things in their hands represents giving those things to them. It is implied that they would do with it what he wanted them to do. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate Translation: "He entrusted it to his servants"
1Ki 15:18
He said
This means he spoke by means of his servants. Asa told his servants what to say to Ben Hadad and they did. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate Translation: "Asa told his servants to say to Ben Hadad" or "Through his servants, Asa said to Ben Hadad"
1Ki 15:21
he stopped building up Ramah
King Baasha did this by telling his workers to do this. Alternate Translation: "he had his workers stop building up Ramah"
1Ki 15:29
He left none of Jeroboam's descendants breathing
Breathing represents being alive. Alternate Translation: "He left none of Jeroboam's descendants living"
1Ki 16:9
captain of half his chariots
The word "chariots" here represents the soldiers who drove the chariots. Alternate Translation: "captain of half his chariot drivers"
1Ki 16:24
He built a city
The word "He" refers to Omri. He commanded people to build the city. Alternate Translation: "Omri had his people build a city" or "Omri commanded and his workers built a city"
1Ki 16:34
which he spoke by Joshua son of Nun
Speaking "by" someone represents both telling someone to speak and the person doing it. Alternate Translation: "which Yahweh caused Joshua son of Nun to speak"
1Ki 17:5
as the word of Yahweh commanded
Here "the word" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "as Yahweh commanded"
1Ki 17:16
just as the word of Yahweh had said
Here "word" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "just as Yahweh had said"
1Ki 17:22
Yahweh listened to the voice of Elijah
Here "voice" represents what Elijah prayed. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh answered Elijah's prayer"
1Ki 17:24
the word of Yahweh in your mouth is true
the message of Yahweh in your mouth is true. The word "mouth" represents what Elijah said. Alternate Translation: "the message that you spoke from Yahweh is true"
1Ki 18:9
give your servant into the hand of Ahab
Hand is metonymy for power and control. Alternate Translation: "deliver your servant to Ahab"
1Ki 18:24
call on the name of your god ... call on the name of Yahweh
Name is metonymy for the reputation and honor of someone and "calling on" him represents an appeal. Alternate Translation: "call to your god ... call to Yahweh"
1Ki 18:32
in the name of Yahweh
Name here is a metonym for honor and reputation. Possible meanings are 1) "to honor Yahweh" or 2) "with the authority of Yahweh."
1Ki 18:37
turned their heart back again to yourself
The people's "heart" is a metonym for the affection and loyalty of the people. Alternate Translation: "caused them to be loyal to you again"
1Ki 18:46
the hand of Yahweh was on Elijah
Here the word "hand" is a metonym for strength. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh gave his power to Elijah"
1Ki 19:17
whoever escapes from the sword of Hazael
Sword is metonymy for for killing as in battle. Alternate Translation: "whomever Hazael does not kill with the sword"
1Ki 19:18
whose knees have not bent down to Baal, and whose mouths have not kissed him
Bending down and "kissing" are metonymies for actions people did to worship idols. They are combined for emphasis. Alternate Translation: "who have not bowed down and kissed Baal" or "who have not worshiped Baal"
1Ki 20:7
of the land
The land represents all the people living there. Alternate Translation: "of the people of Israel"
1Ki 20:13
place it into your hand
Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "give you victory over that army"
1Ki 20:22
strengthen yourself
Yourself represents by metonymy the army of the king. Alternate Translation: "strengthen your forces"
1Ki 20:28
place this great army into your hand
Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "give you victory over this great army"
1Ki 20:33
for any sign from Ahab
Sign is metonymy for an action that gives a meaning. Alternate Translation: "for any action from Ahab that would show them that Ahab wanted to be merciful"
1Ki 20:36
you have not obeyed the voice of Yahweh
The voice is metonymy for what Yahweh commanded. Alternate Translation: "you have not obeyed Yahweh"
1Ki 20:42
let go from your hand
Here the word "hand" is metonymy for power. Alternate Translation: "released" or "spared the life of"
1Ki 21:8
wrote letters in Ahab's name
Possible meanings are 1) she wrote Ahab's name on the letters. Alternate Translation: "wrote letters and signed them with Ahab's name" or 2) the word "name" is a metonym for authority. Alternate Translation: "wrote letters on behalf of Ahab"
1Ki 22:3
to take it from the hand of the king of Aram
Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "to take it from the control of the king of Aram"
1Ki 22:6
for the Lord will give it into the hand of the king
Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "for the Lord will allow the king to capture Ramoth Gilead"
1Ki 22:12
given it into the hand of the king
Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "allowed the king to capture it"
1Ki 22:15
will give it into the hand of the king
Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "will allow the king to capture it"
1Ki 22:16
in the name of Yahweh
Here the word "name" refers to authority. Alternate Translation: "as the representative of Yahweh"
1Ki 22:22
be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets
Here the word "spirit" refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words "the mouth" represents what they will say. Alternate Translation: "cause all his prophets to speak lies"
1Ki 22:23
has put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these prophets of yours
Here the word "spirit" refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words "the mouth" represents what they will say. Alternate Translation: "has caused all of your prophets to speak lies"
1Ki 22:36
a cry went up
Here "a cry" represents the soldiers who were shouting. Alternate Translation: "soldiers began to shout"
1Ki 22:38
just as the word of Yahweh had declared
Here "the word of Yahweh" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "just as Yahweh had declared"
2Ki 2:9
a double portion of your spirit
Here Elijah's spirit refers to his spiritual power. Alternate Translation: "twice as much of your spiritual power"
2Ki 2:15
The spirit of Elijah does rest on Elisha
Here Elijah's "spirit" refers to his spiritual power. This speaks of Elisha having this spiritual power as if it were something that physically rested upon him. Alternate Translation: "Elisha does have the same spiritual power that Elijah did" or "The spiritual power Elijah had is now with Elisha"
2Ki 3:13
to give them into the hand of Moab
Here the "hand of Moab" refers the Moab's "control." Alternate Translation: "to give them over to the control of Moab" or "to allow them to be captured by the Moabite army"
2Ki 3:14
I honor the presence of Jehoshaphat
Here Jehoshaphat is referred to by his presence. Alternate Translation: "I honor Jehoshaphat"
2Ki 3:15
the hand of Yahweh came upon Elisha
Here Yahweh's "hand" refers to his "power." Alternate Translation: "the power of Yahweh came upon Elisha"
2Ki 3:21
all who were able to put on armor
Here "armor" represents ability to fight. Alternate Translation: "all the men who could fight"
2Ki 4:15
the door
This refers to the doorway. Alternate Translation: "the doorway"
2Ki 4:24
she saddled a donkey
The woman did not saddle the donkey, rather the servant would have saddled it for her. Alternate Translation: "she had her servant saddle a donkey"
2Ki 4:40
there is death in the pot
This means that there was something in the pot that could kill them, not that there is something dead in the pot. Alternate Translation: "there is something in the pot that will kill us"
2Ki 4:44
the word of Yahweh
Here Yahweh is referred to by what he said. This phrase is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh"
2Ki 5:1
in his master's view
sight. The king's "view" represents what he thinks about something. Alternate Translation: "in the king's opinion"
2Ki 5:11
the name of Yahweh
Here Yahweh is referred to by his name. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh"
2Ki 6:13
I may send men and capture him
The king plans to send the men to capture Elisha for him. The king does not plan to capture him himself. Alternate Translation: "I may send men to capture him"
2Ki 6:17
around Elisha
This refers to the city where Elisha is. Alternate Translation: "around the city where Elisha was"
2Ki 6:21
should I kill them? Should I kill them?
Here the king of Israel is referring to his army as himself. Alternate Translation: "Should I order my army to kill these enemy soldiers?"
2Ki 6:23
So the king prepared much food for them
The king ordered his servants to prepare the food. He did not prepare the food himself. Alternate Translation: "Then the king ordered his servants to prepare a lot of food for them"
2Ki 6:30
heard the words of the woman
The words "the words" are a metonym for what the woman said. Alternate Translation: "heard the woman tell what she and the other woman had done"
2Ki 7:9
tell the king's household
Here the word "household" represents the people who live in the king's palace. Alternate Translation: "tell the king and his people"
2Ki 7:16
just as the word of Yahweh had said
Here "word" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "just as Yahweh had said"
2Ki 8:6
all the harvests of her fields
This metonym refers to the amount of money that the harvests of her fields were worth while she was away. Alternate Translation: "all the profit from the harvests of her fields"
2Ki 8:10
You will set ... you will kill
The word "you" represents Hazel but here refers to his soldiers and not to Hazael personally. Alternate Translation: "You soldiers will set ... your soldiers will kill"
2Ki 8:12
You will set ... you will kill
The word "you" represents Hazel but here refers to his soldiers and not to Hazael personally. Alternate Translation: "You soldiers will set ... your soldiers will kill"
2Ki 8:12
kill their young men with the sword
This means that the men will be killed in battle. The sword was the main weapon used in battle. Alternate Translation: "kill their young men in battle"
2Ki 8:18
as the house of Ahab was doing
Here the "house" of Ahab refers to the members of Ahab's family and his recent descendants. Ahab is Jehoram father-in-law. Alternate Translation: "the same as the rest of the family of Ahab was doing"
2Ki 8:19
destroy Judah
Here "Judah" is a metonym for the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "destroy the people of Judah"
2Ki 8:20
the hand of Judah
Here the word "hand" refers to the control of Judah, and "Judah" refers specifically to the king of Judah. Alternate Translation: "the control of the king of Judah"
2Ki 8:22
the rule of Judah
Here "Judah" refers to the king of Judah. Alternate Translation: "the rule of the king of Judah" or "the authority of the king of Judah"
2Ki 8:27
the house of Ahab
Here the "house" of Ahab refers to his family. Alternate Translation: "the family of Ahab"
2Ki 9:7
I may avenge the blood of my servants the prophets, and the blood of all the servants of Yahweh
Here the "blood" of the prophets and the servants refers to their deaths. Alternate Translation: "I may avenge the deaths of my servants the prophets and all the servants of Yahweh" or "so that I may punish them for murdering my servants the prophets and all the servants of Yahweh"
2Ki 9:7
by the hand of Jezebel
This means that Jezebel commanded the people to be killed. Alternate Translation: "by an order from Jezebel" or "by Jezebel's command"
2Ki 9:9
the house of
This phrase is used in this verse three times. Each time, the word "house" refers to the "family" of the man specified. Alternate Translation: "the family of"
2Ki 10:1
Jehu wrote letters and sent them to Samaria
This means that Jehu sent a messenger to deliver the letters. Alternate Translation: "Jehu wrote letters and sent a messenger to deliver them in Samaria"
2Ki 10:3
set him on his father's throne
Here, sitting on the king's throne means to be appointed as king. Alternate Translation: "make him king in his father's place"
2Ki 10:6
to my voice
Here Jehu's "voice" refer to what he says. Alternate Translation: "to what I say"
2Ki 10:7
sent them to Jehu
This means that they sent people to deliver the baskets to Jehu. Alternate Translation: "sent people to take them to Jehu"
2Ki 10:11
So Jehu killed all ... and his priests
Jehu did not kill all of these people personally, rather he commanded for them to be killed. Alternate Translation: "So Jehu commanded for all ... to be killed" or "So Jehu commanded for all ... to die"
2Ki 10:15
Is your heart with me, as my heart is with yours? ... "It is."
Here a person's "heart" refers to their loyality. If a person's loyalty is "with someone," it means that they are loyal to that person. Alternate Translation: "Will you be loyal to me, as I will be loyal to you? ... 'I will.'"
2Ki 10:24
If any of the men whom I bring into your hands escapes
Here the "hands" of the men refer to their "control." By being stationed around the temple they were in control of the situation and it was up to them whether people were able to escape or not. Alternate Translation: "If any of these men that I brought into your control escapes" or "If any of the men that are inside gets away"
2Ki 10:24
for the life of the one
in exchange for the life of the man. Here this man is referred to by his "life" to emphasize that he did not die. Alternate Translation: "for the man"
2Ki 10:30
the house of Ahab
Here Ahab's "house" refers to his "family." Alternate Translation: "the family of Ahab"
2Ki 10:30
all that was in my heart
Here the "heart" represents "desire." Alternate Translation: "all that I desired for you to do" or "all that I wanted you to do"
2Ki 10:30
sit on the throne
Sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "be the kings"
2Ki 10:31
with all his heart
Here the "heart" refers to a person's will and desire. Alternate Translation: "in everything that he did" or "with all of his will"
2Ki 11:3
land
This is a metonym for the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "people of Judah"
2Ki 13:3
gave them continually into the hand of Hazael king of Aram and into the hand of Ben Hadad son of Hazael
Here "them" refers to Israel and "hand" refers to the power to control them. Alternate Translation: "allowed Hazael the king of Aram, and Ben Hadad, his son, to repeatedly defeat the Israelites in battle"
2Ki 13:5
they escaped from the hand of the Arameans
Here "hand" refers to the power to control them. Alternate Translation: "he enabled them to be free from Aram's power"
2Ki 13:12
his might by which he fought against Amaziah king of Judah
Here the strength of Jehoash's army is spoken of as Jehoash's "might." Alternate Translation: "the power that his army showed when they fought against the army of Amaziah king of Judah"
2Ki 13:13
Jeroboam sat on his throne
Here "sat on his throne" refers to ruling as king. At: "Jeroboam became king after him" or "Jeroboam began to rule after him"
2Ki 14:11
But Amaziah would not listen
Here "listen" refers to obeying the warning. Alternate Translation: "However, Amaziah would not obey Jehoash's warning"
2Ki 14:25
He restored the border
This means his army restored the land up to the border. Alternate Translation: "His soldiers conquered again some of the territory that had previously belonged to Israel"
2Ki 14:27
the name of Israel
Here "the name of Israel" represents all of Israel and its inhabitants. Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people"
2Ki 14:27
he saved them by the hand of Jeroboam son of Jehoash
Here "hand" is a metonym for power. Also, "Jehoash" is a synecdoche representing Jehoash and his army. Alternate Translation: "he enabled King Jeroboam and his army to rescue them"
2Ki 15:9
who had caused Israel to sin
Here the word "Israel" represents the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "who had caused the people of Israel to sin"
2Ki 15:12
Your descendants will sit on the throne of Israel to the fourth generation
Sitting on the throne represents being the king. Alternate Translation: "Your descendants will be the kings of Israel for four generations"
2Ki 15:18
who had caused Israel to sin
Here the word "Israel" represents the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "who had caused the people of Israel to sin"
2Ki 15:24
he had caused Israel to sin
Here the word "Israel" represents the people of the kingdom of Israel.
2Ki 15:35
Jotham built the upper gate
Jotham built represents Jotham making his workers build it. Alternate Translation: "Jotham had his workers build the upper gate"
2Ki 16:3
the nations
The word "nations" represents the people of other nations. Here it refers to the people of the nations who had lived in that land. Alternate Translation: "the people of other nations"
2Ki 16:6
recovered Elath for Aram
Here "Aram" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "took back control of the city of Elath for the people of Aram"
2Ki 16:7
from the hand of the king of Aram and from the hand of the king of Israel
The hand is a metonym that represents power. Alternate Translation: "from the power of the king of Aram and from the power of the king of Israel"
2Ki 17:6
carried Israel away to Assyria
The name "Israel" is metonymy for the people living there. Alternate Translation: "took the Israelite people to Assyria"
2Ki 17:7
the hand of
Hand is metonymy for control, authority or power. Alternate Translation: "the control of"
2Ki 17:18
removed them out of his sight
Sight is metonymy for being within the attention of Yahweh so he no longer cared for them. Alternate Translation: "removed them from his attention"
2Ki 17:19
Judah
The location "Judah" is metonymy for the people that live there. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah"
2Ki 17:20
gave them into the hand of those who would take the possession as spoil
Hand is metonymy for control, power or authority. Alternate Translation: "handed them over to those who robbed them of their property"
2Ki 17:36
with great power and a raised arm
The phrase "raised arm" is metonymy for displaying power and means basically the same thing as "great power." Alternate Translation: "with very great power"
2Ki 18:12
the voice of Yahweh
Voice is metonymy for the message about the command of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "the command of Yahweh"
2Ki 18:26
in the ears of the people who are on the wall
In the ears is metonymy for being able to listen. Alternate Translation: "because the people standing on the city wall will hear it and be afraid"
2Ki 18:29
from my power
my power is metonymy for the ability of the king himself. Alternate Translation: "from me" or "from the power of my army"
2Ki 18:30
the hand
Hand is metonymy for control, authority and power.
2Ki 18:34
out of my hand
Hand is metonymy for control, power, or authority. Alternate Translation: "out from my control"
2Ki 18:35
from my power
My power is metonymy for the person whose has the power. Alternate Translation: "from me"
2Ki 19:7
I will cause him to fall by the sword
Fall by the sword is metonymy for being killed. Alternate Translation: "I will cause him to die by the sword" or "I will cause some men to kill him with a sword"
2Ki 19:10
the hand of the king of Assyria
Hand is metonymy for control, authority or power. Alternate Translation: "the control of the government of Assyria"
2Ki 19:22
lifted up your eyes in pride
lifted up your eyes in pride is metonymy for a haughty or arrogant facial expression. Alternate Translation: "looked at very proudly"
2Ki 19:28
because your arrogance has reached my ears
Ears are metonymy for listening or hearing. Alternate Translation: "because I have heard your proud words"
2Ki 19:32
nor shoot an arrow here
Arrow is metonymy representing all tools of warfare and destruction. Alternate Translation: "nor do any fighting here"
2Ki 20:1
Set your house in order
House is metonymy for what was under Hezekiah's control. Alternate Translation: "Give final instructions to your household and government"
2Ki 20:4
the word of Yahweh came
Word represents the message Yahweh revealed to Isaiah. This is a common way of speaking, an idiom. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh spoke his word"
2Ki 20:6
from the hand of the king of Assyria
Hand is metonymy for power, authority and control. Alternate Translation: "from the control of the king of Assyria"
2Ki 21:3
he rebuilt the high places ... he built altars for Baal, made an Asherah pole
Manasseh would have commanded his workers to do the building for him. Alternate Translation: "he had the high places rebuilt ... he had altars built for Baal, had an Asherah pole made" or "he had his workers rebuild the high places ... he had them build altars for Baal, make an Asherah pole"
2Ki 21:4
It is in Jerusalem that my name will be forever
The name is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "Jerusalem is where I will forever make known who I am"
2Ki 21:7
that he had made
Manasseh probably did not do the work. His servants would have done the work. Alternate Translation: "that Manasseh had ordered his servants to make"
2Ki 21:7
that I will put my name forever
Here Yahweh putting his "name" on the temple represents him designating it as the place to worship him. Alternate Translation: "where I want people to worship me forever"
2Ki 21:9
even more than the nations that Yahweh had destroyed before the people of Israel
Here "nations" refers to the people who had lived in the land of Canaan before the Israelites had arrived. Alternate Translation: "even more than the people whom Yahweh had destroyed as the people of Israel advanced through the land"
2Ki 21:12
whoever hears of it, both his ears will tingle
The physical feeling is a metonym for the emotional feeling that causes it. Alternate Translation: "those who hear what Yahweh does, will be shocked"
2Ki 21:13
against Samaria
Samaria is the capital city and it represents all the people of the kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "against the people of Israel"
2Ki 21:13
the house of Ahab
Here "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "the family of Ahab"
2Ki 21:16
Manasseh shed much innocent blood
The words "shed much innocent blood" are a metonym for killing people violently. It might be best to translate this so the reader understands that other people helped Manasseh do this. Alternate Translation: "Manasseh ordered his soldiers to kill many innocent people"
2Ki 22:2
He did what was right in the eyes of Yahweh
Here "eyes" represents Yahweh's thoughts or what he considered about something. Alternate Translation: "He did what Yahweh considered to be right" or "He did what was right according to Yahweh"
2Ki 22:11
had heard the words of the law
Here "words" represents the message of the law. Alternate Translation: "had heard the laws that were written in the book" or "had heard the laws that were written in the scroll"
2Ki 22:17
this place
Here "place" represents the people who live in Jerusalem and Judah. Alternate Translation: "these people"
2Ki 22:18
About the words that you heard
Here "words" represents the message that Huldah just spoke. Alternate Translation: "About the message that you heard"
2Ki 22:19
because your heart was tender
Here "heart" represents a person's inner being. Feeling sorry is spoken of as if the heart were tender. Alternate Translation: "because you felt sorry" or "because you repented"
2Ki 22:20
Your eyes will not see
Here "will not see" represents not experiencing something. Alternate Translation: "You will not experience"
2Ki 23:4
He burned ... and carried ... He got rid
The word "he" refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "he had them burn them ... and carry them ... He had them get rid"
2Ki 23:5
He burned ... and carried ... He got rid
The word "he" refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "he had them burn them ... and carry them ... He had them get rid"
2Ki 23:6
He brought out ... and burned it ... He beat it ... and threw ... He cleared
The word "he" refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "He had them bring out ... and burn it ... He had them beat it ... and throw ... He had them clear"
2Ki 23:7
He brought out ... and burned it ... He beat it ... and threw ... He cleared
The word "he" refers to Josiah. He would have commanded his workers to do these things. Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "He had them bring out ... and burn it ... He had them beat it ... and throw ... He had them clear"
2Ki 23:8
Josiah brought ... and defiled ... He destroyed
Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "He commanded them to bring ... and to defile ... He had them destroy"
2Ki 23:11
had given to the sun
Here "given" represents being dedicated for worship. Alternate Translation: "had used to worship the sun"
2Ki 23:12
Josiah the king destroyed ... Josiah smashed ... The king ruined ... He broke ... he filled
Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "Josiah the king commanded them to destroy ... They smashed ... He had them ruin ... He had them break ... they filled"
2Ki 23:13
Josiah the king destroyed ... Josiah smashed ... The king ruined ... He broke ... he filled
Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "Josiah the king commanded them to destroy ... They smashed ... He had them ruin ... He had them break ... they filled"
2Ki 23:14
Josiah the king destroyed ... Josiah smashed ... The king ruined ... He broke ... he filled
Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. It is likely that Hilkiah and the priests who assisted him did these things. Alternate Translation: "Josiah the king commanded them to destroy ... They smashed ... He had them ruin ... He had them break ... they filled"
2Ki 23:22
ruled Israel
The name "Israel" is a metonym for "the descendants of Israel."
2Ki 23:27
My name will be there
The name is a metonym for the honor that people should give to the person. Alternate Translation: "People should worship me there"
2Ki 23:33
put him in chains
Being put "in chains" represents being captured and imprisoned. Alternate Translation: "put him in prison"
2Ki 24:3
at the mouth of Yahweh
Here "mouth" represents Yahweh's command. Alternate Translation: "as Yahweh had commanded"
2Ki 24:4
innocent blood that he shed
Blood is a metonym for innocent life, and shedding blood is a metonym for killing innocent people. Alternate Translation: "innocent people whom he killed"
2Ki 24:4
he filled Jerusalem with innocent blood
Blood is a metonym for innocent life, and shedding blood is a metonym for killing innocent people. Alternate Translation: "he killed many innocent people in Jerusalem"
2Ki 24:14
He took into exile all Jerusalem
Here "Jerusalem" is a metonym for the people who lived there. And, "all" is a generalization. It means all the most important people Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar took all the important people away from Jerusalem"
2Ki 25:1
came with all his army against Jerusalem
The name "Jerusalem" is a metonym for the people who lived in it. Alternate Translation: "came with his whole army to fight against the people of Jerusalem" or "came with his whole army to conquer Jerusalem"
2Ki 25:21
Judah went out of its land
Judah, the name of the people group, is a metonym for the people themselves. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah went out of their land"
2Ki 25:28
a seat more honorable than that of the other kings
Giving a good place at the dining table is a metonym for honoring him. Alternate Translation: "more honor than the other kings"
2Ki 25:29
removed Jehoiachin's prison clothes
The act of removing Jehoiachins' prison clothes represents making him a free man.
1Ch 2:3
Yahweh killed him
The reader should understand that Yahweh probably had a person kill Er.
1Ch 4:10
your hand will be with me
Possible meanings are that God's hand is 1) a metonym for his guidance, his power, or his protection. Alternate Translation: "you will guide me" or "you will make me prosper" or "you will protect me" or 2) a synecdoche for himself. Alternate Translation: "you will be with me"
1Ch 4:10
granted him his prayer
The words "his prayer" are a metonym for what Jabez asked in the prayer. Alternate Translation: "did what Jabez had asked him to do"
1Ch 4:38
their clans increased greatly
The clan is a metonym for the people in the clan. Alternate Translation: "the number of people in their clans increased greatly"
1Ch 5:18
who carried shield and sword, and who drew the bow
The soldiers are described as skilled in warfare by the weapons they carried. Alternate Translation: "who were all trained to fight well in battles"
1Ch 6:10
Solomon built
The reader should understand that Solomon probably hired workers to do the work.
1Ch 6:39
who stood at his right hand
The authority of a person is described by where they stand. The right side of a person is the place where the person with the most authority stands.
1Ch 9:19
the tent
This is a metonym for the second temple, which the people built after they returned from Babylon.
1Ch 10:4
thrust me through with it
The action of stabbing is a metonym for the result, death. Alternate Translation: "kill me with it"
1Ch 10:4
these uncircumcised
Here "uncircumcised" represents people who do not belong to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "these people who do not belong to Yahweh" or "these heathen Philistines"
1Ch 10:4
fell on it
Saul probably stuck the handle into the ground and leaned on the point so the sword would go through his body as he fell down. The action is a metonym for the result, death. Alternate Translation: "killed himself with it"
1Ch 10:5
fell on his sword
He probably stuck the handle into the ground and leaned on the point so the sword would go through his body as he fell down. The action is a metonym for the result, death. See how you translated this in [1 Chronicles 10:4](./04.md). Alternate Translation: "killed himself with his sword"
1Ch 11:4
David and all Israel
Here the phrase "all Israel" represents the entire Israelite army. Alternate Translation: "David and all the Israelite army"
1Ch 11:8
He built the city all around ... Joab restored the rest of the city
The word "he" refers to David. The reader should understand that David and Joab were probably in charge of other men who made the fortifications.
1Ch 13:14
Yahweh blessed his house
Here the word "house" is a metonym for his family. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh blessed his family"
1Ch 14:11
by my hand
This refers to David's resources. Alternate Translation: "using my army"
1Ch 15:1
David built houses for himself ... He prepared
It might be best to translate this so that the reader understands that David had other people do this for him. Alternate Translation: "David had workers build houses for him ... He had them prepare"
1Ch 15:13
we did not seek him
Here seeking Yahweh means to seek his counsel. Alternate Translation: "we did not ask him for instructions"
1Ch 15:29
she despised him in her heart
Here "heart" represents thoughts or emotions. Alternate Translation: "she despised him" or "she hated him"
1Ch 16:2
When David had finished sacrificing the burnt offering and the fellowship offerings
This is a metonym for David directing the priests, who performed the actual sacrifices.
1Ch 16:2
he blessed the people in the name of Yahweh
To bless "in the name of Yahweh" means to bless with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative.
1Ch 16:3
He distributed to every Israelite
This was done under David's authority and direction.
1Ch 16:8
call on his name
Here "his name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "call on Yahweh"
1Ch 16:8
the nations
This refers to the people in the nations. Alternate Translation: "the people of the nations"
1Ch 16:10
Boast in his holy name
Here "his holy name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "Boast in who Yahweh is" or "Boast in Yahweh"
1Ch 16:12
decrees from his mouth
Here "mouth" refers to the things that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "decrees that he has spoken"
1Ch 16:14
His decrees are on all the earth
Here "all the earth" refers to all the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "His laws are for all the people of the earth"
1Ch 16:23
all the earth
This refers to the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "all you people who live on the earth"
1Ch 16:29
his name deserves
Here "his name" refers to the person of God. Alternate Translation: "due to him" or "he deserves" or "he is worthy to receive"
1Ch 16:30
all the earth
This is a metonym for all the people who live on the earth. Alternate Translation: "all the people of the earth"
1Ch 16:35
from the other nations
Here "the other nations" represents the people in those nations. Alternate Translation: "from the people of other nations" or "from the armies of other nations"
1Ch 16:35
give thanks to your holy name
Here Yahweh is referred to by his "holy name." Alternate Translation: "give thanks to you" or "give thanks to Yahweh"
1Ch 17:2
do what is in your heart
Here "heart" represents the mind. Alternate Translation: "do what you think you should"
1Ch 17:7
I took you from the pasture
David's job as a shepherd is referred to by the place he watched his sheep. Alternate Translation: "I took you from your job as a shepherd"
1Ch 17:8
I will make you a name
Here "name" represents a person's reputation. Alternate Translation: "I will make your name to be great and well known"
1Ch 17:10
from the days
Here "days" represents a longer period of time. Alternate Translation: "from the time"
1Ch 17:10
build you a house
Here the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In [1 Chronicles 17:4](./03.md) God told David he would not be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There "house" represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 17:4.
1Ch 17:12
I will establish his throne forever
The right to rule as king is described by the place where a king sits. Alternate Translation: "I will make his rule over Israel to last forever"
1Ch 17:14
his throne
A king's right to rule is referred to by the place a king sits. Alternate Translation: "his right to rule"
1Ch 17:15
all these words
Here "words" represents what Yahweh said.
1Ch 17:21
to make a name for yourself
Here "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "to make all people know who you are"
1Ch 17:21
You drove out nations
Here "nations" represents the people groups that were living in Canaan.
1Ch 17:24
May your name
Here "name" represents Yahweh's reputation.
1Ch 17:24
the house of me, David, your servant
Here "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "my family"
1Ch 17:25
that you will build him a house
Here the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In [1 Chronicles 17:4](./03.md) Yahweh tells David he would not be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There "house" represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 17:4.
1Ch 18:3
David then defeated Hadadezer
Here David and Hadadezer are spoken of as if they were alone, but the reader should understand that these kings represent their armies that were with them. Alternate Translation: "David and his army then defeated the army of Hadadezer"
1Ch 19:4
So Hanun seized
Hanun did not do this personally, but ordered his men to do it. Alternate Translation: "So Hanun's men seized"
1Ch 19:16
the Arameans saw
What the Arameans understood is spoken of as what they saw. Alternate Translation: "the Arameans understood"
1Ch 20:1
kings normally go to war ... Joab led the army into battle
Here "kings" is a metonym that means the kings sent their armies into battle. Joab was the commander of David's army. Alternate Translation: "kings normally send their armies to war ... Joab led David's army into battle"
1Ch 20:1
He went and besieged Rabbah
He refers to the soldiers as well as Joab. Alternate Translation: "Joab and his soldiers surrounded Rabbah"
1Ch 20:3
David required all the cities of the people
The people are referred to by their city. Alternate Translation: "David required all the peoples of the cities"
1Ch 21:5
men who drew the sword
The soldiers in Israel are described by the action of pulling out a sword to fight with it. Alternate Translation: "men who were prepared to serve as soldiers"
1Ch 21:12
being caught by their swords
Here "their swords" represents death in battle. Alternate Translation: "being killed by them in battle"
1Ch 21:12
Yahweh's sword, that is, a plague in the land
Here the plague is spoken of as Yahweh's sword because the "sword" is a metonym for death.
1Ch 21:13
Let me fall into the hand of Yahweh rather than into the hand of man
Here "hand" represents power to harm or punish Israel. Alternate Translation: "Let me be punished by Yahweh, rather than be punished by people"
1Ch 21:14
on Israel
Here Israel is a metonym that represents the people of Israel.
1Ch 21:15
changed his mind about the harm
Here "mind" represents his decision. Alternate Translation: "decided not to destroy Jerusalem"
1Ch 21:17
Let your hand strike me and my family
Here "hand" represents Yahweh's power to punish. Alternate Translation: "Punish me and my family"
1Ch 21:19
as Gad instructed him to do in the name of Yahweh
Speaking "in the name of Yahweh" means speaking with his power and authority, or as his representative. Alternate Translation: "as Gad, speaking for Yahweh, instructed David to do"
1Ch 21:23
what is good in your sight
David's understanding is described as his sight. Alternate Translation: "whatever you decide to do with it"
1Ch 21:30
afraid of the sword of the angel of Yahweh
Here "sword" represents being killed by the angel of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "afraid he would be killed by the angel of Yahweh"
1Ch 22:5
so that it will be famous and glorious in all other lands
Here the word "lands" refers to the people who lived there. Alternate Translation: "so that people in every other land will know about it and think that it is glorious"
1Ch 22:6
commanded him to build ... my intention to build
The readers should understand that David intended for laborers to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "commanded him to oversee the building of a house for Yahweh ... my plan to oversee the building of the house myself"
1Ch 22:7
commanded him to build ... my intention to build
The readers should understand that David intended for laborers to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "commanded him to oversee the building of a house for Yahweh ... my plan to oversee the building of the house myself"
1Ch 22:7
for the name of Yahweh my God
Here "name" represents God's honor. Alternate Translation: "in order to honor Yahweh my God"
1Ch 22:8
shed much blood
Here the killing of people is spoken of as shedding their blood, where "blood" represents their lives. Alternate Translation: "killed many people"
1Ch 22:8
for my name
Here "name" represents God's honor. Alternate Translation: "to honor me"
1Ch 22:8
you have shed ... in my sight
Here "sight" refers to what God has seen. Alternate Translation: "I have seen that you have shed much blood on the earth"
1Ch 22:10
a house for my name
Here "name" refers to honor. Alternate Translation: "a temple to honor me"
1Ch 22:10
I will establish the throne of his kingdom over Israel forever
Here "throne" refers to the authority to rule as king. Alternate Translation: "I will make his descendants rule over Israel forever"
1Ch 22:11
May you build
Solomon would not personally do the building, but he would direct others to do it. Alternate Translation: "May you direct people to build"
1Ch 22:18
He has given the region's inhabitants into my hand
Here "hand" refers to power to defeat his enemies. Alternate Translation: "He has given me power over everyone who lives around us"
1Ch 22:19
Get up and build the holy place
It is understood that Solomon will not do the work personally, but he will direct others to do it. Alternate Translation: "Get up and direct the workers as they build the holy place"
1Ch 22:19
the house built for Yahweh's name
Here "name" refers to honor. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the temple you will build to honor Yahweh"
1Ch 23:13
to give blessings in his name forever
Here "in his name" refers to the authority to speak as his representative. Alternate Translation: "to bless the people as representatives of God forever"
1Ch 27:23
increase Israel
Here "Israel" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "increase the population of Israel"
1Ch 27:24
Wrath fell on Israel
This speaks of God punishing the people as if his "wrath" were something that fell upon them. Alternate Translation: "God punished the people of Israel"
1Ch 28:3
a temple for my name
Here God refers to himself by his "name." Alternate Translation: "a temple for me"
1Ch 28:4
chose me ... to be king over Israel forever
One possible meaning is that here David is a metonym for David and his descendants who will rule Israel forever. Alternate Translation: "chose me and my descendants ... to be kings over Israel forever" Another is that David will continue to be the king of Israel after he is resurrected from the dead.
1Ch 28:5
to sit on the throne of
Here "to sit on the throne" means to rule as king. Alternate Translation: "to rule over" or "to be the king of"
1Ch 28:9
all hearts
Here people's "hearts" represent their feelings and desires. Alternate Translation: "searches everyone's emotions and desires"
1Ch 29:13
your glorious name
Here Yahweh is represented by his name. Alternate Translation: "you who are glorious" or "you because you are glorious"
1Ch 29:17
you examine the heart
Here the "heart" represents a person's thoughts and feelings. Alternate Translation: "you examine people's thoughts"
1Ch 29:17
in the uprightness of my heart
Here the "heart" represents a person's thoughts and feelings. Alternate Translation: "because I want to be honest and honorable in everything I do for you"
1Ch 29:18
Direct their hearts toward you
Here the people's "hearts" represent their thoughts and desires. Alternate Translation: "Direct them to be loyal to you" or "Keep them loyal to you"
1Ch 29:21
they made sacrifices to Yahweh and offered burnt offerings to him
The people offered animals to be sacrificed to Yahweh by the priests. Most of the people did not actually kill and sacrifice the animals themselves.
1Ch 29:23
Then Solomon sat on Yahweh's throne as king instead of David his father
Here the throne of Israel is referred to as "Yahweh's throne," to emphasize that the people of Israel are Yahweh's people. Sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "So Solomon sat on the throne, instead of his father David, as king over Yahweh's people"
2Ch 1:11
Because this was in your heart
Here "heart" represents desire. Alternate Translation: "Because this was your desire" or "Because this is what you wanted"
2Ch 2:1
commanded the building of a house for Yahweh's name
The word "name" is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "commanded his people to build a house where Yahweh may live" or "commanded his people to build a house where they could worship Yahweh"
2Ch 2:4
I am about to build a house for the name of Yahweh my God
Here "name" represents the person. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Chronicles 2:1](./01.md). Alternate Translation: "I am about to build a house where Yahweh my God may live" or "I am about to build a house where people may worship Yahweh my God"
2Ch 2:4
I am about to build
Solomon would command his people to build the house. Alternate Translation: "I am about to command my people to build"
2Ch 2:16
you will carry it up to Jerusalem
Here "you" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "you will command your people to take the wood to Jerusalem"
2Ch 2:17
Solomon counted
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon had his servants count"
2Ch 3:1
Then Solomon began to build ... He prepared ... He began ... that Solomon laid
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Then Solomon's workers began to build ... They prepared ... They began ... that Solomon's workers laid"
2Ch 3:2
Then Solomon began to build ... He prepared ... He began ... that Solomon laid
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Then Solomon's workers began to build ... They prepared ... They began ... that Solomon's workers laid"
2Ch 3:3
Then Solomon began to build ... He prepared ... He began ... that Solomon laid
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Then Solomon's workers began to build ... They prepared ... They began ... that Solomon's workers laid"
2Ch 3:4
Solomon overlaid ... He fashioned ... which he carved
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers overlaid ... They fashioned ... which they carved"
2Ch 3:5
Solomon overlaid ... He fashioned ... which he carved
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers overlaid ... They fashioned ... which they carved"
2Ch 3:6
He decorated ... He also overlaid ... he carved
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers decorated ... They also overlaid ... they carved"
2Ch 3:7
He decorated ... He also overlaid ... he carved
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers decorated ... They also overlaid ... they carved"
2Ch 3:8
He built ... He overlaid
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers built ... They overlaid"
2Ch 3:10
He made
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made"
2Ch 3:14
He made ... he fashioned
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made ... they fashioned"
2Ch 3:15
Solomon also made ... He made ... he also made ... He set up
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers also made ... They made ... they also made ... They set up"
2Ch 3:16
Solomon also made ... He made ... he also made ... He set up
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers also made ... They made ... they also made ... They set up"
2Ch 3:17
Solomon also made ... He made ... he also made ... He set up
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers also made ... They made ... they also made ... They set up"
2Ch 4:1
he made
Here "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made"
2Ch 4:6
He made ... he put
Here "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made ... they put"
2Ch 4:7
He made ... he placed ... He made ... He made
Here "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made ... they placed ... They made ... They made"
2Ch 4:8
He made ... he placed ... He made ... He made
Here "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made ... they placed ... They made ... They made"
2Ch 4:9
he made the courtyard ... and overlaid ... He placed
Here "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made ... they overlaid ... They placed"
2Ch 4:10
he made the courtyard ... and overlaid ... He placed
Here "he" refers to Solomon. The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made ... they overlaid ... They placed"
2Ch 4:17
The king had cast them ... Solomon made
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "The king commanded his workers to cast them ... Solomon's workers made"
2Ch 4:18
The king had cast them ... Solomon made
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "The king commanded his workers to cast them ... Solomon's workers made"
2Ch 4:19
Solomon made
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Solomon's workers made"
2Ch 5:1
When all the work that Solomon did for the house of Yahweh was completed, Solomon brought
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "When Solomon's workers completed all of the work for the house of Yahweh, they brought"
2Ch 6:4
with his own hands
The hand is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "by his own power"
2Ch 6:5
in order for my name to be there
Here the metonym "my name" represents Yahweh's reputation, and his name being there represents people recognizing his greatness and worshiping him there. Alternate Translation: "for people to worship me there"
2Ch 6:6
so that my name might be there
Here the metonym "my name" represents Yahweh's reputation, and his name being there represents people recognizing his greatness and worshiping him there. Alternate Translation: "so that people might worship me there"
2Ch 6:7
for the name of Yahweh ... for my name
Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "for Yahweh ... for me" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for Yahweh's reputation ... for my reputation"
2Ch 6:8
for the name of Yahweh ... for my name
Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "for Yahweh ... for me" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for Yahweh's reputation ... for my reputation"
2Ch 6:10
I sit on the throne of Israel
The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate Translation: "I rule over Israel"
2Ch 6:10
for the name of Yahweh
Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "for Yahweh" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for the reputation of Yahweh"
2Ch 6:11
in which is Yahweh's covenant, which
The stone tablets on which Yahweh had written the terms of the covenant are spoken of as if they were the covenant itself. Alternate Translation: "in which are the tablets on which Yahweh wrote the terms of the covenant that"
2Ch 6:15
and have fulfilled it with your hand
The hand is a metonym for the power of the hand. Alternate Translation: "and, by your power, have fulfilled what you said" or "and by your power have done what you said"
2Ch 6:16
to sit on the throne of Israel
The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate Translation: "to rule over Israel"
2Ch 6:20
where you promised to put your name
Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "where you promised to be" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "where you promised to make people know you"
2Ch 6:32
your great name
Here God's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "your great reputation" or "your greatness"
2Ch 6:33
may know your name
Here God's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "may know your reputation" or "may know your greatness"
2Ch 6:34
for your name
Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "for you" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for your reputation"
2Ch 6:38
for your name
Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "for you" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for your reputation"
2Ch 6:40
let your eyes be open
The eyes being open is a metonym for seeing. Here it represents looking attentively. Alternate Translation: "please pay attention to us" or "please look at us"
2Ch 6:40
let your ears be attentive to the prayer
The ears being attentive is a metonym for listening attentively. Alternate Translation: "please listen to the prayer"
2Ch 6:42
your anointed
your anointed one. Being anointed is a metonym for being chosen by God. King Solomon may have been speaking specifically about himself. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the one you anointed" or "me, the one you chose to be king"
2Ch 7:7
the bronze altar that he had made
The author speaks of Solomon commanding someone to make the bronze altar and telling him how to do it as if Solomon himself had made it. Alternate Translation: "the bronze altar that he had commanded someone to make" or "the bronze altar that he had caused to be made"
2Ch 7:11
Solomon finished the house of Yahweh and his own house
The readers should understand that Solomon probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "the workers whom Solomon commanded finished the house of Yahweh and Solomon's own house"
2Ch 7:13
devour the land
The word "land" represents the plants and crops on the land.
2Ch 7:15
my eyes will be open
The eyes being open is a metonym for seeing. Here it represents looking attentively. Alternate Translation: "I will pay attention to you" or "I will watch you"
2Ch 7:15
my ears attentive to the prayers
The ears being attentive is a metonym for listening attentively. Alternate Translation: "I will listen to the prayers"
2Ch 7:16
that my name may be there forever
Possible meanings are 1) God's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "that I may be there forever" or 2) God's name represents Yahweh's reputation, and his name being there represents people worshiping him there. Alternate Translation: "for people to worship me there forever"
2Ch 7:16
My eyes and my heart will be there every day
Here "My eyes" represents God's careful attention, and "my heart" represents his love. These being at his temple implies that he will protect his temple. Alternate Translation: "I will watch and protect it forever"
2Ch 7:18
I will establish the throne of your kingdom
Here the throne represents ruling. Establishing the throne of Solomon's kingdom represents causing Solomon to have descendants who will rule over Israel. Alternate Translation: "I will make descendants of yours rule over your kingdom"
2Ch 7:20
that I have set apart for my name
Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's name represents himself. Alternate Translation: "that I have set apart for myself" or 2) Yahweh's name represents his reputation. Alternate Translation: "that I have set apart for my reputation"
2Ch 8:1
Solomon had built the house of Yahweh and his own house
The author writes of Solomon commanding the people to build the temple and palace and telling them how to do it as if he himself had built them. Alternate Translation: "Solomon caused the house of Yahweh and his own house to be built" or "Solomon directed the building of the temple and his house"
2Ch 8:2
Solomon rebuilt the towns that Hiram had given to him
The author speaks of Solomon commanding the people to rebuild the towns as if he himself had rebuilt them. Alternate Translation: "Solomon caused the towns that Hiram had given to him to be rebuilt" or "Solomon commanded and the people rebuilt the towns that Hiram had given to him"
2Ch 8:11
to the house that he had built for her
The author writes about Solomon having his workers build a house for his wife as if he himself had built it. Alternate Translation: "the house that he had his workers build for her" or "to the house he had commanded his workers to build for her"
2Ch 8:12
his altar that he had built
The author writes about Solomon having his workers build the altar as if he himself had built it. Alternate Translation: "on Yahweh's altar that Solomon had his workers build" or "the Yahweh's altar that he had commanded his workers to build"
2Ch 9:3
the palace that he had built
The author writes about Solomon having his workers build his palace as if he himself had built it. Alternate Translation: "the palace that Solomon had his workers build" or "the palace that he had commanded his workers to build"
2Ch 9:7
they hear your wisdom
Hear "wisdom" represents the wise things that he says. Alternate Translation: "they hear the wise things that you say"
2Ch 9:8
who placed you on his throne, to be king for Yahweh your God
The idea of being on Yahweh's throne represents having the authority to rule as Yahweh does. Being king "for Yahweh" means to represent Yahweh as king. Alternate Translation: "who gave you authority to rule as he does, to represent Yahweh your God as king"
2Ch 9:11
the king made steps ... well as harps and lyres
The author speaks of the king having his workers make these things as if he himself had made them. Alternate Translation: "the king had his workers make the steps .. as well as harps and lyres" or "the king's workers made steps ... well as harps and lyres"
2Ch 9:15
King Solomon made
The author writes about Solomon having his workers make the shields as if he himself had made them. Alternate Translation: "King Solomon had his workers make" or "King Solomon's workers made"
2Ch 9:16
He also made
The author writes about Solomon having his workers make the shields as if he himself had made them. Alternate Translation: "King Solomon had his workers also make" or "His workers also made"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2Ch 9:16
the king put them
The author writes about Solomon having his workers put the shields in the palace as if he himself had put them there. Alternate Translation: "King Solomon had his workers put them" or "King Solomon's workers put them"
2Ch 9:17
the king made a great throne
The author speaks of commanding his workers to build the throne as if he himself had built it. Alternate Translation: "the king had his workers make a great throne" or "the king's workers made"
2Ch 9:23
sought the presence of Solomon
The presence of a person is a metonym for being able to speak and listen to the person. Alternate Translation: "wanted to visit Solomon" or "came to visit Solomon"
2Ch 9:23
to hear his wisdom, which God had put in his heart
The heart is a metonym for what a person thinks, and here it is spoken of as if it were a container. The abstract noun "wisdom" is a metonym for the wise things a person thinks or says. Alternate Translation: "to hear how wise God had enabled him to be" or "to hear him speak the wise words that God had enabled him to speak"
2Ch 10:1
all Israel was coming
Here "Israel" is a metonym for the men of Israel. The word "all" is a generalization. Alternate Translation: "the men of Israel were coming"
2Ch 10:3
all Israel came
Here "Israel" is a metonym for the men of Israel. The word "all" is a generalization. Alternate Translation: "the men of Israel came"
2Ch 10:15
So the king did not listen to the people
Here "listen to the people" represents not care about what they said or about actually doing what they asked. Alternate Translation: "So the king did not do what the people had asked him to do" or "So the king ignored the people"
2Ch 10:16
all Israel
Here "Israel" is a metonym for the men of Israel. The word "all" is a generalization. Alternate Translation: "the men of Israel"
2Ch 10:16
the king did not listen to them
Here "listen to the people" represents not caring about what they said or about actually doing what they asked. Alternate Translation: "the king did not do what they had asked him to do" or "the king ignored them"
2Ch 10:16
What share do we have in David?
Having a share in someone represents being his descendants and receiving the good things that descendants receive. Alternate Translation: "We do not belong to the family of David"
2Ch 10:16
We have no inheritance in the son of Jesse
Son of Jesse here is a metonym for David, a son of Jesse. Having an inheritance in someone represents being his descendants and receiving the good things that descendants receive. Alternate Translation: "We will not receive any inheritance from the son of Jesse" or "We will have nothing to do with the his descendants"
2Ch 10:16
Each of you should go back to his tent
Tent here is a metonym representing people's homes. Alternate Translation: "Go to your homes, people of Israel"
2Ch 10:19
against the house of David
Here "the house of David" represents the kings who were descendants of David. Alternate Translation: "against the kings descended from David"
2Ch 11:1
the house of Judah and Benjamin
Here "house" is a metonym that represents a tribe or descendants and refers specifically to the soldiers from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "all the soldiers from the tribes of Judah and Benjamin"
2Ch 11:3
all Israel in Judah and Benjamin
Here the word "Israel" refers to the Israelite people who live in the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "all of the Israelites in the tribes of Judah and Benjamin"
2Ch 11:5
Rehoboam lived in Jerusalem and built cities
It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Rehoboam build these cities. Alternate Translation: "Rehoboam lived in Jerusalem and had his workers build cities"
2Ch 11:15
the goat and calf idols he had made
It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Jeroboam make these idols. Alternate Translation: "the goat idols and calf idols that he had his craftsmen make"
2Ch 11:16
those who set their hearts to seek Yahweh
Here the word "hearts" represents the thoughts and desires. The idiom "set their hearts" means to determine to do something. Alternate Translation: "those who had determined to seek Yahweh"
2Ch 12:1
all Israel with him
Here the words "all Israel" refer specifically to the people of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin, over which Rehoboam was king. The verb may be supplied from the previous phrase. Alternate Translation: "all the Israelite people whom he ruled also abandoned the law of Yahweh"
2Ch 12:2
Shishak, king of Egypt, came up against Jerusalem
Shishak, king of Egypt here is a metonym for Shishak along with the Egyptian army. Alternate Translation: "Shishak, king of Egypt, and his army with him, came up against Jerusalem"
2Ch 12:5
so I have also given you over into Shishak's hand
Here the word "hand" represents power. Yahweh speaks of enabling Shishak's army to defeat the king and the others in Jerusalem as if he were placing them into Shishak's hand. Alternate Translation: "so I have enabled Shishak to defeat you" or "so I have given you to Shishak as captives"
2Ch 12:9
Shishak, king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem
Shishak, king of Egypt here is a metonym for Shishak along with the Egyptian army. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 12:2](./02.md). Alternate Translation: "Shishak, king of Egypt, and his army with him, came up against Jerusalem"
2Ch 12:9
the house of Yahweh
Here the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 12:9
the shields of gold that Solomon had made
It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon make these shields. Alternate Translation: "the shields of gold that Solomon had his craftsmen make"
2Ch 12:10
King Rehoboam made shields of bronze
It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Rehoboam make these shields. Alternate Translation: "King Rehoboam had his craftsmen make shields of bronze"
2Ch 12:10
entrusted them into the hands of the commanders
Here the word "hands" represents care or responsibility. Alternate Translation: "made them the responsibility of the commanders"
2Ch 12:10
who guarded the doors to the king's house
Here the word "doors" represents the entrance. Alternate Translation: "who guarded the entrance to the king's house"
2Ch 12:13
so that he might put his name there
Possible meanings for the phrase "put his name" are 1) a metonym for "dwell." Alternate Translation: "so that he might dwell there" or 2) an idiom that refers to ownership. Alternate Translation: "so that it might belong to him"
2Ch 12:14
he did not fix his heart to seek Yahweh
Here the word "heart" represents the thoughts and desires. The idiom "fix his heart" means to determine to do something. Alternate Translation: "he was not committed to seeking Yahweh"
2Ch 13:8
that is held within the hand of the descendants of David
Here the word "hand" represents authority and possession. Abijah is claiming that only the descendants of David have the rightful authority to rule Yahweh's kingdom. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "that the descendants of David hold within their hand" or "which only the descendants of David have the authority to rule"
2Ch 13:8
the golden calves that Jeroboam made
It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that Jeroboam had others make the golden calves. Alternate Translation: "the golden calves that Jeroboam had his craftsmen make"
2Ch 13:14
When Judah looked back
Here "Judah" represents the soldiers in the army of Judah. Alternate Translation: "When the soldiers of Judah looked back"
2Ch 13:15
all Israel
Here the word "Israel" refers to the army. Alternate Translation: "the entire army of Israel"
2Ch 13:16
fled before Judah
Here the word "Judah" represents the army of Judah. Alternate Translation: "fled before the army of Judah"
2Ch 13:16
God gave them into the hand of Judah
Here the word "hand" represents power. God enabling the army of Judah to defeat the army of Israel is spoken of as if God had put the army of Israel in the hand of the army of Judah. Alternate Translation: "God enabled Judah to defeat the people of Israel"
2Ch 14:3
He broke down the stone pillars and cut down the Asherah poles
Since Asa was king, he may have told his officials to do these things. Alternate Translation: "He had his people break down the stone pillars and cut down the Asherah poles"
2Ch 14:4
He commanded Judah to seek Yahweh
Here the word "Judah" represents the people of Judah. Worshiping Yahweh is spoken of as if it were seeking him. Alternate Translation: "He commanded the people of Judah to worship Yahweh"
2Ch 14:5
he took away the high places ... He built fortified cities
Since Asa was king, he may have told his officials to do these things. Alternate Translation: "he had his people take away the high places ... He had his workers build fortified cities"
2Ch 14:6
he took away the high places ... He built fortified cities
Since Asa was king, he may have told his officials to do these things. Alternate Translation: "he had his people take away the high places ... He had his workers build fortified cities"
2Ch 14:7
Asa said to Judah
Here "Judah" refers to the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "Asa said to the people of Judah"
2Ch 14:10
Asa went out to meet him
Here "Asa" represents both the king and the army that he led into battle. It is implicit that he went out to meet him in battle. Alternate Translation: "Asa led his army out to meet him in battle"
2Ch 14:11
in your name
Here "name" represents Yahweh's authority. Alternate Translation: "on your behalf" or "by your authority"
2Ch 15:3
Israel was without the true God
Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. This refers to a time when the people of Israel did not worship the true God. Alternate Translation: "The people of Israel did not worship the true God"
2Ch 15:6
They were broken in pieces, nation against nation, and city against city
Here "nation" and "city" are metonyms for the people who live there. You may also supply a connecting word to clarify the relationship between these two phrases. Alternate Translation: "Nations and cities destroyed each other, as the people of one nation fought against the people of another nation, and the people of one city fought against the people of another city"
2Ch 15:16
Asa cut down the disgusting figure, ground it ... and burned it
Since Asa was king, he may have told his officials to cut down the figure. Alternate Translation: "Asa made his workers cut down the disgusting figure, grind it ... and burn it"
2Ch 15:18
the house of God
Here the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of God"
2Ch 16:2
Then Asa brought the silver ... of the king's house, and sent it
Asa would have had his workers gather the gold and silver for him. Alternate Translation: "Then Asa told his workers to take the silver ... of the king's house, and to take it"
2Ch 16:2
He said
This means he spoke by means of his servants. Asa told his servants what to say to Ben Hadad and they did. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate Translation: "Asa told his servants to say to Ben Hadad" or "Through his servants, Asa said to Ben Hadad"
2Ch 16:6
took all Judah
This refers to all the men who live in Judah. Alternate Translation: "took all the men of Judah"
2Ch 16:6
Baasha had been
Here "Baasha" refers to his workers. Alternate Translation: "Baasha's workers had been"
2Ch 16:6
Then King Asa used
Here "King Asa" represents his workers. Alternate Translation: "Then King Asa had his workers use"
2Ch 16:7
out of your hand
Here the king's "hand" refers to his control. This means that his army was unable to conquer the king of Aram's army. Alternate Translation: "from you" or "from your control"
2Ch 16:9
those whose hearts are perfect toward him
This speaks of a people's will and desires as their "hearts." To be "perfect toward" something means to be completely devoted to that person or thing. Alternate Translation: "those who are completely committed to following him" or "those who are completely devoted to following him"
2Ch 16:14
which he had dug out for himself
Asa would have had his workers prepare his tomb for him. Alternate Translation: "which his workers had dug out for him"
2Ch 17:5
Yahweh established the rule in his hand
The phrase "his hand" represents Jehoshaphat's control. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh enabled him to completely control his kingdom"
2Ch 17:12
He built fortresses and store cities
Jehoshaphat did not build these things himself, rather he commanded his workers to build them. Alternate Translation: "His workers built fortresses and store cities"
2Ch 18:5
will give it into the hand of the king
Here the king's "hand" refers to his control. This means that God will enable them to defeat the people at Ramoth Gilead. Alternate Translation: "will enable your army to defeat them"
2Ch 18:11
has given it into the hand of the king
Here the king's "hand" refers to his control. This means that God will enable them to defeat the people at Ramoth Gilead. Alternate Translation: "has allowed the king to capture it" or "will allow your armies to capture it"
2Ch 18:15
in the name of Yahweh
Here the word "name" refers to authority. Alternate Translation: "as the representative of Yahweh"
2Ch 18:16
I saw all Israel
Here "all Israel" refers to the army of Israel. Alternate Translation: "I saw the entire army of Israel"
2Ch 18:21
become a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets
Here the word "spirit" refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words "the mouth" represents what they will say. Alternate Translation: "cause all his prophets to speak lies"
2Ch 18:22
has put a lying spirit in the mouth of these prophets of yours
Here the word "spirit" refers to the attitudes of the prophets and the words "the mouth" represents what they will say. Alternate Translation: "has caused your prophets to speak lies"
2Ch 19:3
you have taken the Asherah poles out of the land
Since Jehoshaphat was king, he may have told his officials to do these things for him. Alternate Translation: "you have had your people take the Asherah poles out of the land"
2Ch 19:9
with your whole heart
Here "heart" represents the whole person. Alternate Translation: "with your whole being"
2Ch 19:10
bloodshed
Here the killing of people is spoken of as shedding their blood, where "blood" represents their lives. Alternate Translation: "the killing of people" or "murder"
2Ch 20:3
to seek Yahweh
This speaks of seeking Yahweh's advice as if he were looking for Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "to seek Yahweh's advice"
2Ch 20:4
Judah gathered
This refers to the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "The people of Judah gathered"
2Ch 20:5
of Judah and Jerusalem
This refers to the people from these places. Alternate Translation: "of the people from Judah and Jerusalem"
2Ch 20:8
for your name
Here Yahweh is represented by his "name." Alternate Translation: "for you" or "to honor you"
2Ch 20:9
the sword
The "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "war" or "battle"
2Ch 20:15
all Judah and you inhabitants of Jerusalem
Here "Judah" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "all you who live in Judah and Jerusalem"
2Ch 20:17
Judah and Jerusalem
Here these places represent the people from them. Alternate Translation: "people of Judah and Jerusalem"
2Ch 20:18
All Judah
Here "Judah" refers to the people from Judah. Alternate Translation: "All the people of Judah"
2Ch 20:33
The people still had not directed their hearts to the God
This means that the people did not desire to obey God and were not devoted to him. Here people's "hearts" represent their will and their desires. Alternate Translation: "The people were still not devoted to the God" or "The people still were not committed to following the God"
2Ch 20:36
They built the ships
Jehoshaphat and Ahaziah did not build the ships, rather, their workers built them. Alternate Translation: "Their workers built the ships"
2Ch 21:4
he killed all his brothers with the sword
Jehoram probably did not kill them personally, but had other people do it for him. Alternate Translation: "he caused all of his younger brothers to be killed"
2Ch 21:6
the house of Ahab was doing
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the descendants of Ahab. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Ahab were doing"
2Ch 21:7
the house of David
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../../2ch/03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Israel"
2Ch 21:13
the house of Ahab
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the descendants of Ahab. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 21:6](./06.md). Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Ahab"
2Ch 21:16
stirred up against Jehoram the spirit of the Philistines and of the Arabians
Stirring the spirit is a metonym for making someone want to act. Here "spirit" is singular and refers to the Philistines as a group and to the Arabians as a group. Alternate Translation: "provoked against Jehoram the Philistines and the Arabians"
2Ch 22:3
the house of Ahab
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the descendants of Ahab. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 21:6](../21/06.md). Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Ahab"
2Ch 22:4
the house of Ahab was doing
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the descendants of Ahab. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 21:6](../21/06.md). Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Ahab were doing"
2Ch 22:7
the house of Ahab
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the descendants of Ahab. See how you translated this in [2 Chronicles 21:6](../21/06.md). Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Ahab"
2Ch 22:9
the house of Ahaziah had no more power to rule the kingdom
Here "house of Ahaziah" is a metonym that refers to Ahaziah's descendants. Here "power to rule" is a metonym for a king. Since all the adult descendants of Ahaziah were dead, there was no one left to rule Judah.
2Ch 22:10
she arose and killed all the royal children
Here the writer speaks of Athaliah as if she killed the children herself, but the reader should understand that she would have ordered her servants to kill them. Alternate Translation: "she commanded her servants to kill all the royal children"
2Ch 22:10
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case, it refers to the kingdom of Judah. Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah"
2Ch 23:18
under the hand of the priests
Here "hand" represents control. Alternate Translation: "under the direction of the priests"
2Ch 23:21
the city was quiet
Here "the city" represents the people of the city, and "quiet" represents peace, since no one opposed Joash after Athaliah died. Alternate Translation: "the people of the city were at peace"
2Ch 24:13
went forward in their hands
Here the word "forward" represents progress, and the word "hands" represents their control. Alternate Translation: "made progress under their supervision"
2Ch 25:5
gathered Judah together
Here "Judah" refers to the people who lived in Judah. Alternate Translation: "gathered the people of Judah together"
2Ch 25:5
by their ancestors' houses
Here the word "houses" is a metonym for the families that lived in them. Alternate Translation: "by their ancestors' families"
2Ch 25:5
all of Judah and Benjamin
Here "Judah" and "Benjamin" refer to the people who lived in the wider kingdom of Judah. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Judah and Benjamin"
2Ch 25:18
Judah
Here "Judah" is a metonym for the people who lived in Judah. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah"
2Ch 25:20
into the hand of their enemies
Here "hand" refers to power to defeat. Alternate Translation: "into the power of their enemies" or "so their enemies could defeat them"
2Ch 25:22
Judah was struck down before Israel
Here "Judah" and "Israel" are metonyms for the soldiers of Judah and Israel, and "struck down" is an idiom that means "defeated." This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The soldiers of Israel defeated the soldiers of Judah"
2Ch 25:24
with Obed Edom
Here "Obed Edom" refers to this man's descendants. Alternate Translation: "under the care of the descendants of Obed Edom"
2Ch 26:5
in the days of Zechariah
Here "the days of Zechariah" is a metonym referring to the time period during which Zechariah was priest. Alternate Translation: "when Zechariah was priest"
2Ch 26:9
Uzziah built towers
Here "Uzziah" represents the workers he had commanded to build the towers. Alternate Translation: "Uzziah had his workers build towers" or "Uzziah's workers built towers"
2Ch 26:10
He built watchtowers ... and dug many cisterns
Uzziah commanded his workers, and they did these things. Alternate Translation: "He had his workers build watchtowers ... and dig many cisterns" or "They built watchtowers ... and dug many cisterns"
2Ch 26:13
Under their hand was an army
Here "their hand" represents their authority. Alternate Translation: "Under their authority was an army" or "They commanded an army"
2Ch 26:15
he built machines that were designed by skillful men
Here "he built machines" represents Uzziah commanding his workers to build them. Alternate Translation: "his workers built machines that were designed by skillful men"
2Ch 26:18
the sons of Aaron
Here "sons" represents descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Aaron"
2Ch 27:3
He built the upper gate ... he built much ... he built cities ... he built castles and towers
Since Jotham was king, he may have had his workers build these things. Alternate Translation: "He had his workers build the upper gate ... he had his workers build many things ... he had his workers build cities ... he had his workers build castles and towers"
2Ch 27:4
He built the upper gate ... he built much ... he built cities ... he built castles and towers
Since Jotham was king, he may have had his workers build these things. Alternate Translation: "He had his workers build the upper gate ... he had his workers build many things ... he had his workers build cities ... he had his workers build castles and towers"
2Ch 28:5
Yahweh the God of Ahaz gave him into the hand of the king of Aram
Here the metonym "hand" represents power. God enabling the army of the king of Aram to defeat Ahaz and his army is spoken of as if God had put Ahaz in the hand of the king of Aram. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh the God of Ahaz enabled the king of Aram to defeat Ahaz"
2Ch 28:5
carried away from him
carried away from Ahaz. Here "him" represents Ahaz's army. Alternate Translation: "carried away from Ahaz's army"
2Ch 28:5
Ahaz was also given into the hand of the king of Israel who defeated him
Here the metonym "hand" represents power. God enabling the army of the king of Israel to defeat Ahaz and his army is spoken of as if God had put Ahaz in the hand of the king of Israel. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh also enabled the king of Israel to defeat Ahaz"
2Ch 28:9
he gave them into your hand
Here the word "hand" represents power. God enabling the army of Israel to defeat the army of Judah is spoken of as if God had put the army of Judah in the hand of the army of Israel. Alternate Translation: "God enabled you to defeat them"
2Ch 28:19
Yahweh brought Judah low because of Ahaz
The metonym "Judah" represents the people of Judah. Yahweh humiliating the people is spoken of as if he physically brought Judah low to the ground. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh humiliated the people of Judah because of Ahaz"
2Ch 28:24
the house of God ... the house of Yahweh
Here the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of God ... the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 28:24
he made for himself altars ... he made high places to burn sacrifices
Since Ahaz was king, he may have had his workers make these high places. Alternate Translation: "he had his workers make altars for him ... he had his workers make high places to burn sacrifices"
2Ch 28:25
he made for himself altars ... he made high places to burn sacrifices
Since Ahaz was king, he may have had his workers make these high places. Alternate Translation: "he had his workers make altars for him ... he had his workers make high places to burn sacrifices"
2Ch 29:3
the house of Yahweh
Here the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 29:3
Hezekiah opened the doors ... and repaired them
Since Hezekiah was king, he may have had his workers do these things. Alternate Translation: "Hezekiah ordered his workers to open the doors ... and to repair them"
2Ch 29:8
the wrath of Yahweh had fallen on Judah and Jerusalem
Here the words "Judah and Jerusalem" refer to the people who live there. Hezekiah speaks of Yahweh being angry with the people and punishing them as if his wrath were an object that fell upon them. Alternate Translation: "because Yahweh was angry, he had punished the people of Judah and Jerusalem"
2Ch 29:10
it is in my heart
Here the word "heart" represents the thoughts and intentions. Hezekiah speaks of deciding to do something as if that thing were in his heart. Alternate Translation: "it is my intention" or "I have decided"
2Ch 29:15
the house of Yahweh ... the courtyard of the house
Here the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh ... the courtyard of the temple"
2Ch 29:16
the house of Yahweh ... the courtyard of the house
Here the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh ... the courtyard of the temple"
2Ch 29:17
they reached the porch of Yahweh
The phrase "the porch of Yahweh" refers to the porch of the temple. "They reached" means that they began to cleanse this section. Alternate Translation: "they had begun to cleanse the porch of Yahweh's temple"
2Ch 29:20
the house of Yahweh
The word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 29:25
the house of Yahweh
The word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 29:31
the house of Yahweh
The word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 29:35
the house of Yahweh
The word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 30:6
who have escaped from the hand of the kings of Assyria
The word "hand" often represents power or authority. Here it represents the kings' cruel authority to force people to go to other countries. Alternate Translation: "who have escaped from the power of the kings of Assyria"
2Ch 30:8
come into his holy place
Here "his holy place" refers to God's temple in Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "come to his temple in Jerusalem for it is holy" or "come to his temple in Jerusalem"
2Ch 31:10
of the house of Zadok
Here "house" represents a family or descendants. Alternate Translation: "a descendant of Zadok"
2Ch 31:13
were managers under the hand of Konaniah and Shimei his brother
Here "hand" represents power or control. The phrase "under the hand" is an idiom that means to be under someone's authority. Alternate Translation: "were managers whom Konaniah and Shimei his brother supervised"
2Ch 31:21
he performed it with all his heart
Here the word "heart" refers to a person's will and desire. Alternate Translation: "he performed it with all his will" or "he was completely committed to what he did"
2Ch 32:2
to fight against Jerusalem
Here "Jerusalem" represents the people there. Alternate Translation: "to fight against the people of Jerusalem" or "to fight against the army of Jerusalem"
2Ch 32:8
is only an arm of flesh
Here "arm" represents strength, and "flesh" represents humanity. Alternate Translation: "are only those with human power"
2Ch 32:11
from the hand of the king of Assyria
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from the power of the king of Assyria" or "from the king of Assyria"
2Ch 32:12
commanded Judah and Jerusalem
Here "Judah" and "Jerusalem" represent the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "commanded the people of Judah and Jerusalem"
2Ch 32:14
out of my hand
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from my power" or "from me"
2Ch 32:17
out of my hand
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from my power" or "from me"
2Ch 32:19
which are merely the work of men's hands
This emphasizes that humans made these idols with their own hands and are therefore worthless. Alternate Translation: "which are merely idols that men have made"
2Ch 32:20
cried out to heaven
Here "heaven" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "cried to Yahweh for help" or "pleaded to Yahweh"
2Ch 32:22
from the hand of Sennacherib ... from the hand of all others
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from the power of Sennacherib ... from the power of all others" or "from Sennacherib ... from all others"
2Ch 32:25
his heart was lifted up
Here "heart" is a metonym that represents a person's inner being. Here "heart was lifted up" is an idiom that means to become proud. Alternate Translation: "he became proud"
2Ch 32:30
Hezekiah who also stopped up ... and who brought them straight down
The readers should understand that Hezekiah probably commanded other people to do the actual work. Alternate Translation: "Hezekiah who ordered his workers to stop up ... and to build a tunnel so that the water would flow down"
2Ch 32:31
to know all that was in his heart
Here "heart" represents a person's inner being. Alternate Translation: "to reveal Hezekiah's true character"
2Ch 33:3
he rebuilt the high places ... he built altars ... he made Asherah poles
Manasseh would have commanded his workers to do the building for him. Alternate Translation: "he had the high places rebuilt ... he had altars built ... he had Asherah poles made" or "he had his workers rebuild the high places ... he had them build altars ... he had them make Asherah poles"
2Ch 33:4
It is in Jerusalem that my name will be forever
The name is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "Jerusalem is where I will forever make known who I am"
2Ch 33:7
he had made
Manasseh probably did not do the work. His servants would have done the work. Alternate Translation: "Manasseh had ordered his servants to make"
2Ch 33:7
that I will put my name forever
Here God is represented by his "name." Alternate Translation: "where I want people to worship me forever"
2Ch 33:9
even more than the nations that Yahweh had destroyed before the people of Israel
Here "nations" refers to the people who had lived in the land of Canaan before the Israelites had arrived. Alternate Translation: "even more than the people whom Yahweh had destroyed as the people of Israel advanced through the land"
2Ch 33:11
took Manasseh in chains, bound him with fetters, and took him off to Babylon
Here Manasseh being taken as a prisoner is represented by him being bound by chains and fetters. Fetters were chains placed around the feet. Alternate Translation: "seized Manasseh, bound him in chains, and took him as a prisoner to Babylon"
2Ch 33:14
Manasseh built ... He surrounded ... He took away ... he had built on the mount
Manasseh did not do the building and construction himself, rather, he commanded his workers to do it. Alternate Translation: "Manasseh commanded his workers to build ... They surrounded ... He commanded his workers to take away ... they had previously built on the mount"
2Ch 33:15
Manasseh built ... He surrounded ... He took away ... he had built on the mount
Manasseh did not do the building and construction himself, rather, he commanded his workers to do it. Alternate Translation: "Manasseh commanded his workers to build ... They surrounded ... He commanded his workers to take away ... they had previously built on the mount"
2Ch 33:16
He rebuilt
Manasseh did not do the building and construction himself, rather, he commanded his workers to do it. Alternate Translation: "He commanded them to rebuild"
2Ch 33:16
he commanded Judah
Here "Judah" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "he commanded the people of Judah"
2Ch 33:19
the places where he had built high places and set up the Asherah poles and the carved figures
Manasseh did not do the building and construction himself, rather, he commanded his workers to do it. Alternate Translation: "the place where he had the high places built and the Asherah poles and the carved figures set up" or "the places where he commanded his workers to build the high places and to set up the Asherah poles and carved figures"
2Ch 34:4
he cut apart ... He broke ... He scattered ... He burned
Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. Alternate Translation: "he had them cut apart ... He commanded them to break ... He had them scatter ... He commanded them to burn"
2Ch 34:5
he cut apart ... He broke ... He scattered ... He burned
Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. Alternate Translation: "he had them cut apart ... He commanded them to break ... He had them scatter ... He commanded them to burn"
2Ch 34:7
He broke down the altars, beat ... cut apart
Josiah would have commanded his workers to do these things. Alternate Translation: "He commanded his workers to break down the altars, to beat ... to cut apart"
2Ch 34:10
They entrusted
The word "they" refers to the men that Josiah had sent to Hilkiah the high priest. They first gave the money to him and then he distributed it to the men who supervised the building. Alternate Translation: "Then Hilkiah entrusted"
2Ch 34:21
the words of the book that has been found
Here "words" represents the laws. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the laws in the book that Hilkiah has found"
2Ch 34:24
on this place
Here "this place" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "on these people"
2Ch 34:27
because your heart was tender
Here "heart" represents a person's inner being. Feeling sorry is spoken of as if the heart were tender. Alternate Translation: "because you felt sorry" or "because you repented"
2Ch 34:33
Josiah took away all
Josiah would have commanded his workers to do this. Alternate Translation: "Josiah commanded his workers to take away all"
2Ch 35:4
your ancestral houses
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Alternate Translation: "the families that are descendants of your ancestors"
2Ch 35:12
ancestral houses of the people
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Alternate Translation: "the families that were the descendants of their ancestors"
2Ch 35:21
against the house with which
Here the word "house" refers to the house of Babylon, where "house" is a metonym for the kingdom. The kingdom is a synechdoche representing the Babylonian army. Alternate Translation: "against the house of Babylon, with whom"
2Ch 35:24
All Judah and Jerusalem
Judah and "Jerusalem" represent the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "All the people of Judah and Jerusalem"
2Ch 36:3
fined the land
Here the word "land" represents the people who lived there. Alternate Translation: "fined the people of the land"
2Ch 36:6
attacked him
The word "him" refers to Jehoiakim. Jehoiakim represents either Jerusalem or the nation of Judah. Alternate Translation: "attacked Jerusalem" or "attacked Judah"
2Ch 36:7
Nebuchadnezzar also carried
Since Nebuchadnezzar was king, he may have had his soldiers do this. Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar also had his soldiers carry"
2Ch 36:7
the house of Yahweh
Here the word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 36:10
the house of Yahweh
Here "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 36:12
who spoke from the mouth of Yahweh
Here the word "mouth" represents the words that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "who spoke the words that Yahweh spoke to him"
2Ch 36:17
who killed their young men with the sword
The king probably did not personally kill their young men. Rather, his army killed them. Alternate Translation: "whose army killed their young men with swords"
2Ch 36:17
God gave them all into his hand
Here "hand" is a metonym for the power to defeat them. Alternate Translation: "God allowed the Chaldean army to defeat them"
2Ch 36:18
the house of God ... the house of Yahweh
The word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the temple of God ... the temple of Yahweh"
2Ch 36:20
The king carried away to Babylon
Here "the king" refers to his soldiers whom he ordered to do the work. The phrase "carried away" is an idiom that means to forcefully bring them to Babylon. Alternate Translation: "The king had his army forcefully take to Babylon"
2Ch 36:23
to build a house for him
Here the word "house" represents a temple. Alternate Translation: "to build a temple for him"
Ezr 1:1
Yahweh fulfilled his word that came from the mouth of Jeremiah
Here "mouth" represents speaking. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh did what Jeremiah prophesied that Yahweh would do"
Ezr 1:1
Cyrus' voice went out over his entire kingdom
The voice is a metonym for the message the voice speaks, and the kingdom is a metonym for the people whom a king rules. Alternate Translation: "Cyrus sent a message to everyone over whom he ruled"
Ezr 1:5
everyone whose spirit God stirred to go
Stirring the spirit is a metonym for making someone want to act. See how you translated these words in [Esra 1:1](./01.md). Alternate Translation: "everyone whom God had made want to go"
Ezr 3:10
the hand of David ... had commanded
The hand of a king is a metonym for the power to give commands. Alternate Translation: "as David ... had commanded"
Ezr 3:12
first house
This refers to the first temple that Solomon built, the house of God.
Ezr 4:12
a rebellious city
The city is a metonym for the people who live in it. Alternate Translation: "a city that they plan to live in and rebel against you"
Ezr 4:14
we have eaten the palace salt
Possible meanings are that this refers to 1) the writers being loyal to the king or 2) the king giving the writers special honors. Alternate Translation: "we are loyal to you" or "you have honored us by making us your officials"
Ezr 4:15
a rebellious city
The city is a metonym for the people who live in it. Alternate Translation: "a city in which live people who have rebelled against your father"
Ezr 4:22
cause more loss for the royal interests
The words "the royal interests" are a metonym for the king himself. Alternate Translation: "cause more bad things to happen to the kings"
Ezr 5:12
he gave them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, the Chaldean, who destroyed this house and took the people
The hand is a metonym for power or control. Also, "Nebuchadnezzar" represents his army. Alternate Translation: "allowed the army of Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, the Chaldean, to destroy this house and to take the people"
Ezr 6:4
let the cost be paid by the king's house
The phrase "the king's house" represents King Cyrus's own wealth in the royal treasury. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will pay for it with money from the royal treasury"
Ezr 6:12
who lifts a hand to change ... or to destroy
Lifting the hand represents trying or daring to do something. Alternate Translation: "who tries to change ... or to destroy" or "who dares to change ... or to destroy"
Ezr 6:22
turned the heart of Assyria's king
Turning the king's heart represents making him think differently about the work of the temple. Alternate Translation: "changed the attitude of Assyria's king" or "made Assyria's king willing"
Ezr 7:6
the hand of Yahweh was with him
The "hand" of Yahweh represents Yahweh's blessing or help. Alternate Translation: "the blessing of Yahweh was with Ezra" or "Yahweh was blessing Ezra"
Ezr 7:9
the good hand of God
Hand represents the power or control that God uses for good results.
Ezr 7:23
For why should his wrath come upon the kingdom of me and my sons
God's wrath represents God punishing them. Alternate Translation: "For why should God punish the kingdom of me and my sons" or "For if you do not do these things, God will punish the kingdom of me and my sons"
Ezr 7:28
by the hand of Yahweh my God
Here Yahweh's hand represents what he did to help Ezra. Alternate Translation: "because Yahweh has helped me"
Ezr 8:18
So they sent us by our God's good hand a man
God's "good hand" represents his kindness in providing for them. Alternate Translation: "Because God was kind to us, they sent us a man"
Ezr 8:22
The hand of our God is on all who seek him
The hand of God being on people is a metonym for God helping people. Seeking God is a metaphor for serving him. Alternate Translation: "God helps all who serve him"
Ezr 8:22
but his might and wrath are on all who forget him
God's might and wrath being on people is a metonym for him punishing people. Forgetting God is a metaphor for refusing to serve him. Alternate Translation: "but he punishes all who refuse to serve him"
Ezr 8:31
The hand of our God was on us
The hand of God being on people is a metonym for God helping people. Alternate Translation: "God was helping us"
Ezr 8:31
he protected us from the hand of the enemy and the ones ... road
The hand represents what those people might do. It specifically refers to the enemy attacking the group that was traveling. Alternate Translation: "he protected us from the attack of the enemy and the ones who wished to ambush us along the road" or "He kept the enemy from attacking us and he kept robbers from ambushing us along the road"
Ezr 8:33
the silver, gold, and objects were weighed out ... into the hand of Meremoth
Here "the hand of Meremoth" represents Meremoth's care of the silver, gold, and objects. The men weighed those things and gave them to Meremoth to take care of them.
Ezr 9:7
were given into the hand of kings of this world
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "were given into the control of the kings of this world" or "were given over to the kings of this world"
Ezr 9:7
to the sword, to captivity, and to plunder and ashamed faces
The sword is a metonym for people killing other people. The abstract nouns "captivity" and "plunder" can be stated as verb phrases. And, "faces" is a synecdoche representing the whole person. Alternate Translation: "to our enemies to kill us, to capture us, to steal from us, and to cause us shame"
Ezr 9:9
in the sight of the king of Persia
The king could not literally see the temple, but he did know about what was happening in Jerusalem. Here "sight" is a metonym for what a person knows. Alternate Translation: "so that the king of Persia knows about it"
Neh 1:6
Both I and my father's house
Here the word "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "Both I and my family"
Neh 1:9
where I have chosen to make my name remain
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "where I have chosen to dwell"
Neh 1:10
by your great power and by your strong hand
Here "hand" represents strength or power. Together, these two phrases form a doublet that emphasizes the intensity of Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "by your great power and by your mighty strength" or "by your very powerful strength"
Neh 1:11
who delight to honor your name
Here "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "who delight to honor you"
Neh 2:8
the good hand of God was on me
God's "good hand" represents his "favor." Alternate Translation: "God's favor was upon me"
Neh 2:12
had put into my heart
Here Nehemiah's "heart" refers to his thoughts and will. Alternate Translation: "had inspired me" or "had led me"
Neh 2:18
the good hand of my God was on me
God's "good hand" represents his "favor." Alternate Translation: "my God's favor was upon me"
Neh 4:8
against Jerusalem
Here "Jerusalem" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "against the people of Jerusalem"
Neh 4:12
spoke to us ten times
Here the number 10 is used to represent "many." Alternate Translation: "spoke to us many times"
Neh 4:20
the trumpet sound
This refers to someone blowing a trumpet. Alternate Translation: "someone blowing a trumpet"
Neh 4:21
the rising of the dawn
It is the point in time that the sun rises that is "dawn." Here the sun rising is spoken of as if the "dawn" rose. Alternate Translation: "the rising of the sun" or "dawn"
Neh 6:5
in his hand
This means he had the letter in his possession, but he did not necessarily carry it in his hand at all times. Alternate Translation: "in his possession"
Neh 6:8
for within your heart you invented them
Here the "heart" refers to the "mind," that is, to one's desires and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "for within your mind you invented them" or "for you have made this up in your own imagination"
Neh 6:17
sent many letters
The nobles sent messengers to bring these letters to Tobiah. Alternate Translation: "sent many messengers with letters"
Neh 7:5
put into my heart
Here Nehemiah's "heart" refers to his thoughts and will. See how you translated this in [Nehemiah 2:12](../02/12.md). Alternate Translation: "inspired me" or "led me"
Neh 7:6
whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon took into exile
whom Nebuchadnezzar, ruler of Babylon, took away from their home country. The army of Babylon did this under the command of Nebuchadnezzar.
Neh 7:39
of the house of Jeshua
The word "house" is a metonym for family. Alternate Translation: "from the family of Jeshua"
Neh 9:10
you made a name for yourself which stands to this day
Here "name" represents a reputation. Alternate Translation: "you made yourself famous and even now people still remember"
Neh 9:27
you gave them into the hand of their enemies, who made them suffer
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "you allowed their enemies to defeat them and cause them to suffer"
Neh 9:27
you sent them rescuers who rescued them out of the hand of their enemies
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "you sent people to stop their enemies from harming them"
Neh 9:28
you abandoned them to the hand of their enemies
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "you abandoned them and allow their enemies to defeat them"
Neh 9:29
your decrees which give life to anyone who obeys them
Yahweh himself is spoken of as if he were the decrees themselves. Alternate Translation: "you even though you give life to everyone who obeys your decrees"
Neh 9:30
you gave them into the hand of the neighboring peoples
Here "hand" represents power or control. See how you translated these words in [Nehemiah 9:27](./27.md). Alternate Translation: "you allowed the neighboring peoples to defeat them"
Neh 12:43
So the joy of Jerusalem could be heard far away
The joy of Jerusalem here is a metonym for "the sound that the people of Jerusalem made." This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "people far away from Jerusalem could hear the sound that the people of Jerusalem made as they celebrated"
Neh 13:12
all Judah
The name of the land is a metonym for the people of the land. This is probably a generalization. Alternate Translation: "all the people who lived in Judah"
Neh 13:15
treading winepresses
The word "winepresses" is a metonym for the grapes that were in the winepresses. The people were walking on grapes to get the juice out of them to make wine. Alternate Translation: "walking on grapes in winepresses"
Neh 13:21
I will lay hands on you!
The word "hands" is a metonym for forceful action. Alternate Translation: "I will send you away by force!" or "I will remove you by force!"
Est 1:2
sat on his royal throne
Here "royal throne" may refer to his rule over the kingdom. Alternate Translation: "ruled the empire"
Est 3:12
in the name of
Here "name" represents the authority of the king. Alternate Translation: "in the authority of"
Est 7:8
As soon as this sentence came out of the king's mouth
Speech coming out of the mouth is a metonym that represents speaking. Alternate Translation: "As soon as the king said this"
Est 8:5
I am pleasing in your eyes
Here "your eyes" is a metonym for sight, and sight is a metaphor representing his evaluation. Alternate Translation: "if you evaluate me and I please you" or "if you are pleased with me"
Est 8:8
Write ... in the name of the king
Writing something in the king's name represents writing it with his authority, or writing it as his representative.
Est 8:8
decree that has already been written in the king's name
Writing something in the king's name represents writing it with his authority, or writing it as his representative.
Est 8:10
wrote in the name of King Ahasuerus
Writing something in the king's name represents writing it with his authority, or writing it as his representative.
Est 8:15
the city of Susa shouted and rejoiced
The "city" represents the people living in it. Alternate Translation: "the people of the city of Susa shouted and rejoiced"
Est 9:2
to lay hands on those who tried to bring disaster on them
Laying hands on people is a metonym for fighting against them. Alternate Translation: "to fight their enemies"
Est 9:2
No one could stand against them
Standing against people represents resisting their attack. Alternate Translation: "No one could resist the attack of the Jews" or "No one could successfully fight against the Jews"
Est 9:15
laid no hands on the plunder
Laying their hands on things represents taking them. Alternate Translation: "took none of the plunder" or "did not take any of the plunder"
Est 9:16
they did not lay their hands on the valuables of those they killed
Laying their hands on things represents taking them. Alternate Translation: "they did not take any of the valuables of the people they killed"
Est 10:1
imposed a tax on the land and on the coastlands along the sea
To impose a tax means to make people pay a tax. The land and coastlands represent the people living there. Alternate Translation: "made the people living in the land and on the coastlands along the sea pay a tax"
Job 1:5
cursed God in their hearts
Their "hearts" represent their thoughts. Often such thoughts could come unintentionally, without the person wanting to think them. Alternate Translation: "cursed God in their thoughts"
Job 1:11
But now stretch out your hand
Here "hand" refers to God's power to act. "But now use your power"
Job 1:11
touch all that he has
Here "touch" represents the action of harming or destroying. Alternate Translation: "attack all that he has" or "destroy all that he has"
Job 1:12
all that he has is in your hand
Here "hand" represents someone's power to control something. Alternate Translation: "you have power over all that he has"
Job 1:15
have struck
Here striking represents killing.
Job 2:4
Skin for skin, indeed
Skin here is a metonym for Job's life. Alternate Translation: "A person will do anything to save his own life, even accept the loss of possessions and loved ones"
Job 2:5
stretch out your hand
Here "hand" refers to God's power to act. "But now use your power." See how you translated this in [Job 01:11](../01/11.md).
Job 2:5
touch
Here "touch" represents the action of harming. Alternate Translation: "attack"
Job 2:10
sin with his lips
Here "lips" represents the act of speaking. Alternate Translation: "sin by speaking against God"
Job 3:10
from my eyes
Here "eyes" represents the person who sees with them. Alternate Translation: "from me"
Job 3:18
the voice of the slave driver
Here "voice" is a metonym for the power that the slave drivers have over the slaves. Alternate Translation: "They are no longer under the control of the slave drivers"
Job 3:22
the grave
Here the grave represents death.
Job 4:3
you have strengthened weak hands
Here "weak hands" represents people who need help. Alternate Translation: "you have helped others when they needed help"
Job 6:30
on my tongue
Here Job's speech is represented by his "tongue." Alternate Translation: "in my speech"
Job 7:10
his place
The words "his place" represent those who live in his place. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in his place" or "his family"
Job 7:11
I will not restrain my mouth
Here the mouth represents speech. Alternate Translation: "I will not restrain my speech"
Job 7:13
My bed will comfort me, and my couch will ease my complaint
Here "bed" and "couch" are metonyms for "sleep." In lying down to sleep, Job would hope to be comforted. The metonyms also have human attributes; they have the ability to comfort and ease a person. Alternate Translation: "My bed, my couch, will be like someone who can comfort me"
Job 7:17
set your mind on him
Here the mind represents thoughts and attention. To "set your mind on" means to give attention to. Alternate Translation: "direct your attention to him"
Job 7:21
now will I lie down in the dust
The phrase "lie down in the dust" is a metonym that represents dying. Alternate Translation: "now I will die"
Job 8:4
for he gave them into the hand of their sins
Here "hand" represents the power or results of sin. Bildad implies that God killed Job's children because of their sin. Alternate Translation: "for God caused the consequences of your children's sins to kill them"
Job 8:10
from their hearts
Here the word "hearts" represents their inner beliefs. Alternate Translation: "that they sincerely believe"
Job 8:13
So also are the paths of all who forget God
Here "the paths" represents a person's future and the events that will happen to them. Alternate Translation: "The same thing will happen to everyone who forgets God"
Job 8:20
neither will he take the hand of evildoers
Here "take the hand" refers to help or support. Alternate Translation: "God will not support people who do evil things"
Job 9:4
wise in heart
Here the heart represents the inner being or thoughts. Alternate Translation: "wise in what he decides"
Job 9:20
my own mouth would condemn me
Here "mouth" represents Job's words. Alternate Translation: "my own words would accuse me" or "what I say would condemn me"
Job 9:23
the despair of the innocent
The word "despair" is an abstract noun that can be translated by the verb "despair." Here it is a metonym for the innocent who are despairing. Alternate Translation: "the innocent who are despairing" or "the innocent who have lost all hope"
Job 9:24
The earth is
Here "the earth" is used to represent the people on the earth. Alternate Translation: "The people of the world are"
Job 9:24
into the hand of
Here "hand" is a metonym for "control." Alternate Translation: "into the control of"
Job 9:32
come together in court
come together to trial. Here "court" is a place where people can come and a judge will settle disputes. "Coming together in court" is a metonym for going against each other in a court of law. Alternate Translation: "confront each other before a judge"
Job 9:34
take God's rod off me
Here "God's rod" is a metonym for God punishing or correcting Job. Alternate Translation: "stop God from punishing me"
Job 11:5
that God would speak ... open his lips against you
The words "open his lips" are a metonym that means speak. These two phrases mean the same thing and are used together to emphasize Zophar's desire that God would speak harshly against Job.
Job 11:14
suppose that iniquity were in your hand
The hand represents what a person does. Alternate Translation: "even if you had done some evil things in the past"
Job 11:15
lift up your face without a sign of shame
Lifting up your face represents the attitude of a person who is confident and brave.
Job 12:6
The tents of robbers prosper
Their tents prospering represents the robbers prospering in their tents. Alternate Translation: "Robbers live in prosperity in their own tents"
Job 12:6
their own hands are their gods
Here "their own hands" is a metonym for strength, and "their gods" is a metaphor for their pride. Alternate Translation: "they are extremely proud of their own abilities"
Job 12:9
the hand of Yahweh has done this
Yahweh's hand represents his power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has done this by his power"
Job 12:10
In his hand is the life ... and the breath of all mankind
Yahweh's hand represents his control or power. Alternate Translation: "God controls the life of every living thing and gives breath to all mankind"
Job 12:10
the breath of all mankind
Here "breath" represents life or the ability to live.
Job 12:18
He takes off the chain of authority from kings
Possible meanings are that 1) this is a metonym for causing kings to no longer have authority. Alternate Translation: "He takes away the authority of kings" or 2) this is a metonym for setting people free from the chains that kings have put on them. Alternate Translation: "He takes off the bonds that kings have put on people"
Job 12:18
he wraps a cloth about their waists
This cloth is probably what a slave wears. To put these cloths on kings represents making the kings slaves. Alternate Translation: "he makes kings wear the clothing of slaves" or "he makes them slaves"
Job 12:20
He removes the speech of those who had been trusted
Removing their speech represents making them unable to speak. Alternate Translation: "He makes those who were trusted unable to speak" or "He silences people whom others trusted"
Job 12:20
takes away the understanding of the elders
Taking away their understanding represents making them unable to understand or make good decisions. Alternate Translation: "makes the elders unable to understand" or "makes the elders unable to make good decisions"
Job 12:23
he also leads them along as prisoners
God leading nations represents God causing enemy nations to lead them. The word "them" represents nations, which here represents the people of those nations. Alternate Translation: "he also causes their enemies to lead them along as prisoners"
Job 13:14
I will take my own flesh ... in my hands
Flesh here is a metonym for life. "Teeth" and "hands" are metonyms for his own control. These two phrases together emphasize that Job is willing to risk his life by arguing his case with God. Alternate Translation: "I am ready to risk my life"
Job 13:21
withdraw your oppressive hand
An oppressive hand is a metonym for doing things that oppress someone. Withdrawing the hand is a metaphor for stopping doing those things. Alternate Translation: "stop oppressing me"
Job 13:21
do not let your terrors make me afraid
The phrase "your terrors" refers to what causes people to be terrified of God. Alternate Translation: "do not terrify me"
Job 14:5
The number of his months is with you
The number of man's months being with God represents God deciding the number of months that the man will live. "You decide how many months he will live"
Job 14:15
for the work of your hands
Here God's hands represent him making things. Job refers to himself as the work of God's hands. Alternate Translation: "for me, whom you have made"
Job 14:16
my footsteps
Footsteps represent his life or what he does. Alternate Translation: "my life" or "the things I do"
Job 15:5
to have the tongue of a crafty man
This refers to the way a crafty man speaks as his "tongue." Alternate Translation: "to speak in the way of a crafty man"
Job 15:12
Why does your heart carry you away?
Here the "heart" represents a person's emotions. Alternate Translation: "Why do your emotions take you away?" or "Why do you allow your emotions to guide your decisions?"
Job 15:22
the sword waits for him
Here "the sword" is a metonym that represents an enemy who is waiting to kill the evil man. Possible meanings are 1) he is worried that someone will murder him. Alternate Translation: "he worries that someone is about to murder him" or 2) it is certain that he is going to be murdered. Alternate Translation: "someone is waiting to murder him"
Job 15:30
out of darkness
Darkness here represents death. Alternate Translation: "out of the darkness of death"
Job 15:30
the breath of God's mouth
Here God's "breath" represents his judgement. Alternate Translation: "God's breath" or "God's judgment"
Job 16:5
I would strengthen you with my mouth, and the quivering of my lips will bring you relief!
The words "mouth" and "lips" are metonyms for the words or messages that a person speaks using his mouth and lips. Here Job is speaking sarcastically and means the opposite of what he says. Alternate Translation: "My words would surely not be encouraging to you! They would surely not lighten your grief" or "By speaking to you as you spoke to me earlier, I would not encourage you or lighten your grief!"
Job 16:5
with my mouth
Here Job's "mouth" represents what he says. Alternate Translation: "with what I say"
Job 16:5
the quivering of my lips
This is a metonym for the words or message that he speaks. Alternate Translation: "my comforting words"
Job 16:11
throws me into the hands
Here a person's "hands" refer to his "control." Alternate Translation: "delivers me to the control"
Job 16:17
there is no violence in my hands
Hands refers to a person's ability and activity. Alternate Translation: "I have not acted violently"
Job 16:18
Earth, do not cover up my blood
Job speaks of himself dying as if he would be murdered. Here his "blood" is a metonym referring to his death. Alternate Translation: "Earth, when I die, do not hide how I died unfairly" or "Let it not be hidden how I died unfairly"
Job 17:7
My eye is also dim because of sorrow
Job speaks of his vision as his "eyes." Alternate Translation: "My vision has become weak because I am so sad" or "I am almost blind because of my sorrow"
Job 17:11
my plans are shattered, and so are the desires of my heart
Here Job's "heart" represents his inner being. Alternate Translation: "my plans will never happen, nor will the things that I have desired most"
Job 18:3
regarded
Regarding, looking, is a metonym here for thinking well or badly of someone.
Job 18:18
from light into darkness
The word "light" refers to life, and the word "darkness" refers to death. Alternate Translation: "from the light of life to the darkness of death"
Job 19:16
although I entreat him with my mouth
The phrase "my mouth" is a metonym which refers to Job speaking. Alternate Translation: "even though I speak to him and plead with him"
Job 19:17
My breath is offensive to my wife
Here "breath" represents the smell of his breath. If something is offensive to someone, it means that he hates it. Alternate Translation: "My wife hates the smell of my breath"
Job 19:21
for the hand of God has touched me
Here "touched me" is a metonym for "hit me." And, "hand" represents God's power. Causing Job to suffer is spoken of as if Yahweh were physically hitting him with his hand. Alternate Translation: "because God has afflicted me"
Job 19:25
at last he will stand on the earth
This refers to standing to speak in court. Possible meanings are 1) the Redeemer will be the last one to speak in the court. Alternate Translation: "he will judge whether or not I am guilty" or 2) the Redeemer will stand in this final court to defend Job. Alternate Translation: "at last he will defend me in court"
Job 19:26
in my flesh I will see God
His flesh represents his body, and "in my flesh" represents being alive. Alternate Translation: "while I live in my body, I will see God"
Job 19:29
then be afraid of the sword
Possible meanings are that the sword represents 1) God judging them. Alternate Translation: "then be afraid that God will judge you" or 2) God killing them. Alternate Translation: "then be afraid that God will kill you"
Job 20:9
his place
The phrase "his place" represents those who live in his place. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in his place" or "his family"
Job 20:10
his hands will have to give back his wealth
Here the word "hands" refers to the wicked man's children. When he dies, his children will have to return everything that he took from others.
Job 20:11
but it will lie down with him in the dust
The word "it" refers to his youthful strength. The metonym "lie down ... in the dust" represents dying. The strength dying is a metaphor for disappearing. Alternate Translation: "but his youthful strength will die with him" or "but his youthful strength will disappear when he dies"
Job 20:15
God will cast them out of his stomach
Here "cast them out of his stomach" is a metonym for causing the man to vomit them. This is a metaphor for causing the man to lose his riches.
Job 20:16
the viper's tongue will kill him
The viper is a poisonous snake. Its tongue represents its poisonous bite. Alternate Translation: "the viper's poisonous bite will kill him" or "the viper will bite him and he will die"
Job 20:22
the hand of everyone who is in poverty will come against him
Here "hand" represents power, and "hand ... will come against him" represents people attacking him. The abstract noun "poverty" can be expressed with the adjective "poor." Alternate Translation: "everyone who is in poverty will attack him" or "everyone who is poor will attack him"
Job 20:23
to fill his stomach
Here "fill his stomach" is a metonym meaning eat a lot.
Job 20:24
will flee from the iron weapon
The iron weapon represents the person carrying it. Alternate Translation: "will flee from the person carrying an iron weapon"
Job 20:24
a bow of bronze will shoot him
The bow represents the person who shoots an arrow with it. Alternate Translation: "someone with a bronze bow will shoot him"
Job 20:27
The heavens ... the earth
Possible meanings are: 1) those who live in the heavens and the earth or 2) Zophar is describing the heavens and the earth as if they are humans who will testify in court against the wicked person.
Job 20:28
the day of God's wrath
Here "wrath" represents punishment. The abstract noun "wrath" can be expressed with the verb punish. Alternate Translation: "the day when God punishes people"
Job 21:9
Their houses
Here "houses" refers to the family members that lives in them. Alternate Translation: "Their families"
Job 21:9
rod of God
This refers to God's punishment.
Job 21:16
See, is not their prosperity in their own hands?
Here "hands" refers to their power or control. Job uses this question to challenge his friends. Alternate Translation: "Look, these wicked people claim that they make themselves prosper!"
Job 22:9
the arms of the fatherless have been broken
Here "arms" refer to power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "you even oppressed orphans"
Job 22:22
instruction from his mouth
Here "from his mouth" represents what God has spoken. Alternate Translation: "the instruction that God has spoken"
Job 22:22
your heart
Here "heart" refers to Job's thoughts. Alternate Translation: "your mind"
Job 23:2
my hand ... heavy because of my groaning
Possible meanings are 1) "I can barely lift my hand because of my groaning" or 2) "God's hand continues to make me suffer in spite of my groaning" where "hand" refers to God's power to punish.
Job 23:4
fill my mouth with arguments
Here "fill my mouth" refers to speaking. Alternate Translation: "I would speak all of my arguments"
Job 23:12
of his lips
This phrase refers to the message that God spoke. Alternate Translation: "that he spoke"
Job 25:6
a son of man
This is another way of referring to a person. Alternate Translation: "a person"
Job 27:2
made my life bitter
Job's "life" being bitter represents Job feeling resentful toward God. Alternate Translation: "has caused me to become resentful" or "has made me feel angry because of the unfair way he has treated me"
Job 27:3
the breath from God is in my nostrils
Breath ... in my nostrils represents being able to breathe. "Breath from God" represents God making him able to breathe. Alternate Translation: "God enables me to breathe"
Job 27:6
my thoughts will not reproach me
Here the phrase "my thoughts" represents Job. Alternate Translation: "even in my thoughts, I will not reproach myself"
Job 27:9
Will God hear his cry
Here "hear his cry" represents responding to the godless man's cry and helping him. Alternate Translation: "Will God respond to his cry"
Job 27:11
the hand of God
God's "hand" represents his power. Alternate Translation: "the power of God"
Job 27:14
it is for the sword
Here "the sword" represents dying in battle. Alternate Translation: "they will die in battle"
Job 27:15
will be buried by plague
Here "be buried" represents dying. Alternate Translation: "will die by plague"
Job 27:19
he opens his eyes
Opening his eyes represents waking up in the morning. Alternate Translation: "he wakes up"
Job 28:3
A man sets an end to darkness
Here "sets an end to darkness" represents shining a light in the darkness. People used a lantern or a torch for light. Alternate Translation: "A man carries light into dark places"
Job 28:9
lays his hand on the flinty rock
This represents breaking up the rock. Alternate Translation: "digs into the flinty rock"
Job 29:10
their tongue clung to the roof of their mouths
This represents them having so much respect for Job that they had nothing to say. Alternate Translation: "they felt that they were unable to speak" or "they had nothing to say"
Job 29:25
sat as their chief
Here "sat" represents ruling or leading. Chiefs sat down when they made important decisions. Alternate Translation: "led them as their chief"
Job 29:25
sat as their chief
Job was their chief. Alternate Translation: "led them because I was their chief"
Job 30:3
they gnawed at the dry ground
Possible meanings are that 1) "dry ground" is a metonym for the dry roots that grow in the ground. Alternate Translation: "they chewed on the dry roots they found in the ground" or 2) "gnawed at the dried ground" is a metonym for eating whatever they could find in the dry ground.
Job 30:8
They were driven out of the land with whips
This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) the idea of whips implies that they were being treated like criminals. Alternate Translation: "People treated them like criminals and forced them to leave the land" or 2) people actually used whips to force them out. Alternate Translation: "People whipped them and forced them to leave the land"
Job 30:9
I have become a byword for them
Here "byword" is a metonym for the person about whom people make cruel jokes. Alternate Translation: "I am now one whom they make cruel jokes about" or "They joke and say cruel things about me"
Job 30:12
Upon my right hand rise the rabble
the rabble rise upon my right hand. Possible meanings are 1) rising upon Job's right hand represents attacking his strength. Alternate Translation: "Gangs of young people attack my strength" or 2) rising upon Job's right hand represents attacking his honor. Alternate Translation: "Mobs attack my honor"
Job 30:18
God's great force has seized my clothing
Job speaks of God using his force as if God's force were actually doing something. Here "God's ... force" stands for "God." Alternate Translation: "God has seized my clothing by his great force"
Job 30:21
with the strength of your hand you persecute me
The word "hand" represents God's power. Alternate Translation: "you persecute me with your power"
Job 30:31
my harp is tuned for songs of mourning
Here "my harp" represents Job himself, and also represents his desire to sing only songs of mourning. Alternate Translation: "I play only songs of mourning on my harp"
Job 30:31
my flute for the singing of those who wail
Here "my flute" represents Job himself, and also his desire to sing only songs of crying. Alternate Translation: "I play only songs of wailing on my flute"
Job 31:7
if my heart has gone after my eyes
Here "my heart" and "my eyes" are metonyms for what Job desires and sees. The heart going after the eyes is a metaphor for desiring to do what he sees. It is implied that this refers to sinful things that Job sees. Alternate Translation: "if I have have wanted to do any sinful things that I see"
Job 31:12
it would burn all my harvest to the root
The word "it" here refers to the action sleeping with another man's wife. This action is a metonym for the punishment that Job would suffer as a result of the action. A fire burning up his harvest is a synecdoche for losing everything he has worked for. Alternate Translation: "those who punish me would take away everything I have worked for"
Job 31:20
because he has not been warmed with the wool of my sheep
Here "the wool of my sheep" represents blankets or clothing made from the wool of Job's sheep. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "because the wool of my sheep has not warmed him" or "because I have not given him clothing made from the wool of my sheep"
Job 31:21
if I have lifted up my hand against fatherless people
Lifting up the hand against someone represents threatening to harm him. Alternate Translation: "if I have threatened to harm fatherless people"
Job 31:25
my hand had gotten many possessions
Here "my hand" represents Job's ability to do things. Alternate Translation: "I have gained many possessions by my own ability"
Job 31:30
by asking for his life with a curse
Here "asking for his life with a curse" represents cursing someone's life so that he will die. Alternate Translation: "by cursing him so that he would die" or "by cursing his life"
Job 31:31
the men of my tent
The tent represents Job's household. The men of his tent includes family members and servants. All of these knew Job well. Alternate Translation: "the men of my household" or "my family members and servants"
Job 31:32
even the foreigner has never had to stay in the city square
Job is explaining how he truly treated foreigners. Here "stay in the city square" represents sleeping overnight in the city square. Alternate Translation: "foreigners have never had to sleep in the city square" or "foreigners have never had to sleep outside"
Job 31:32
I have always opened my doors to the traveler
Here "opened my doors to the traveler" represents welcoming the traveler into his home. Alternate Translation: "I have always welcomed the traveler into my home"
Job 31:39
to lose their lives
This represents dying. Alternate Translation: "to die"
Job 32:7
Length of days should speak; a multitude of years should teach wisdom
These two lines mean the same thing. Elihu emphasizes that since older people are wiser than younger people, they should be the first to speak of what they know. Alternate Translation: "He who has lived many years should speak; He would is older should teach wisdom"
Job 32:8
the breath of the Almighty
Here the spirit is represented by "breath." Alternate Translation: "the spirit of the Almighty"
Job 33:11
my paths
These words refer to where he goes. Here where he goes represents what he does. Alternate Translation: "everything that I do"
Job 33:18
from crossing over to death
Here "death" represents the place where people go when they die, that is, sheol. Alternate Translation: "from going to sheol"
Job 33:28
my life will continue to see light
Here the person is represented by his "life." Also, living is spoken of as seeing the light. Alternate Translation: "I will continue to live and see the daylight" or "I will continue to live"
Job 34:19
for they all are the work of his hands
Here "hands" refer to power. Alternate Translation: "for God made them all"
Job 34:21
For God's eyes are upon a person's ways
God's "eyes" represent his sight. The phrase "a person's ways" is an idiom for what he does and how he lives. Alternate Translation: "For God watches everything a person does"
Job 34:32
teach me what I cannot see
Here to "see" means to know. Alternate Translation: "teach me what I have done wrong that I am not aware of"
Job 34:33
that person's sin
Here punishing the person because of his sin is referred to as punishing the "person's sin." Alternate Translation: "that person because of his sin"
Job 35:9
they call for help from the arms of mighty men
Here "arms" refers to power or strength. Alternate Translation: "they call for someone to deliver them from the power of mighty men"
Job 35:15
his anger does not punish
Here "his anger" is a metonym for "him." Alternate Translation: "he never punishes anyone because he is angry"
Job 36:13
who are godless in heart
Here the word "heart" refers to the thoughts and emotions. The phrase may indicate that the person stubbornly refuses to trust God. Alternate Translation: "who refuse to trust in God"
Job 37:24
those who are wise in their own minds
Here "minds" represents the person's thoughts. Alternate Translation: "those who are wise in their own thinking" or "those who consider themselves to be wise"
Job 39:3
then they finish their labor pains
Possible meanings are 1) their labor pains are over when the birth is finished or 2) "labor pains" is a metonym that refers to the offspring of the goats and deer because they are the result of the mother's labor and pain. Alternate Translation: "send out their offspring from their womb"
Job 39:19
clothe his neck with his flowing mane
The horse's "mane" is spoken of as if it was clothing for the neck of the horse. Alternate Translation: "made his flowing main to cover his neck like clothes"
Job 39:21
to meet the weapons
Here "the weapons" represent the battle in which they are used. Alternate Translation: "to join in the battle"
Job 39:26
stretches out his wings for the south
Here the stretching out of his wings refers to flying. Alternate Translation: "flies to the south"
Job 42:6
despise myself
Job's self is a metonym for what he said. Alternate Translation: "I despise the things I said"
Job 42:9
Yahweh accepted Job
The person is a metonym for the prayer he prays. Alternate Translation: "God accepted Job's prayer for his three friends"
Psa 1:1
or sit in the assembly of mockers
Sitting with people who mock God represents joining people who mock God. Alternate Translation: "or join those who mock God" or "or mock God with others who mock him"
Psa 1:5
nor sinners in the assembly of the righteous
Being accepted by God as righteous is spoken of as standing with the group of righteous people. Alternate Translation: "and God will not accept sinners along with the righteous people"
Psa 2:1
the nations
This represents either the leaders or the people of the nations.
Psa 3:3
my glory
you are my glory. By calling God his glory, David says that God is the one who gives him glory. Since David has just spoken about his enemies and God being his protector, he probably meant that God gives him glory by giving him victory over his enemies. Alternate Translation: "you are the one who gives me glory" or "you are the one who gives me victory"
Psa 3:4
I lift up my voice
Using one's voice to cry out is spoken as as lifting up his voice. Alternate Translation: "I cry out"
Psa 3:7
Rise up
David speaks of starting to do something as getting up. Alternate Translation: "Take action" or "Do something"
Psa 4:4
Meditate in your heart
The heart represents a person's thoughts. Thinking carefully is spoken of as meditating in one's heart. Alternate Translation: "Think carefully"
Psa 4:6
Who will show us anything good?
Possible meanings are 1) showing something good represents bringing good things. Alternate Translation: "Who will bring good things to us?" or 2) showing something good represents saying that good things have happened. Alternate Translation: "Who will say that anything good has happened?"
Psa 4:7
when their grain and new wine abound
New wine may represent grapes. Alternate Translation: "when they reap plentiful harvests of grain and grapes"
Psa 5:9
For there is no truth in their mouth
Truth being in the mouth represents speaking truthfully. Alternate Translation: "For they never say what is true"
Psa 5:9
their inward being is wicked
The inward being represents people's thoughts and desires. Alternate Translation: "their thoughts and desires are wicked"
Psa 5:9
their throat
The throat represents people's speech. Alternate Translation: "their speech" or "what they say"
Psa 5:9
their tongue
The tongue represents what people say.
Psa 5:11
those who love your name
God's name represents him. At: "those who love you"
Psa 6:5
For in death there is no remembrance of you
The abstract noun "remembrance" represents praise. Alternate Translation: "For when people die, they no longer praise you"
Psa 6:6
I am weary with my groaning
His groaning represents the pain or distress that he feels. Alternate Translation: "I am very tired because of my pain"
Psa 6:7
My eyes grow dim
The ability to see is spoken of in terms of the eyes. Alternate Translation: "My vision is blurry" or "I cannot see clearly"
Psa 6:7
from grief
Grief here represents crying. Alternate Translation: "from crying" or "because I cry so much"
Psa 7:5
my life
The life represents the person. Alternate Translation: "me"
Psa 7:5
overtake me
This represents capturing him. Alternate Translation: "capture me"
Psa 7:5
let him trample my life to the ground
Here "my life" represents the writer. Alternate Translation: "allow him to destroy me"
Psa 7:6
Arise, Yahweh, in your anger
Arising represents doing something or taking action. Alternate Translation: "Do something in your anger" or "Be angry at my enemies and take action:
Psa 7:6
stand up against the rage of my enemies
Fighting against people is spoken of as standing up against them. Alternate Translation: "fight against the rage of my enemies" or "attack my enemies who rage against me"
Psa 7:6
the rage of my enemies
Their rage represents their attacks. Alternate Translation: "the attacks of my enemies" or "my enemies who attack me"
Psa 7:9
you who examine hearts and minds
The hearts and minds represent people's desires and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "you who know our inner thoughts"
Psa 8:1
how magnificent is your name in all the earth
God's "name" represents his whole being. Alternate Translation: "people all over the world know that you are very great"
Psa 8:6
the works of your hands
The hands represent what God has done. Alternate Translation: "the things that you made"
Psa 8:9
your name
God's "name" represents him or his reputation. Alternate Translation: "your reputation"
Psa 9:2
I will sing praise to your name
Here God's name represents God. Alternate Translation: "I will sing praise to you"
Psa 9:4
you sit on your throne, a righteous judge
Kings had authority to judge people, and they would sit on their throne when they judged. David speaks as if God were an earthly king. Alternate Translation: "you judge like a king who sits on his throne, and you are righteous"
Psa 9:7
Yahweh remains forever
Remain probably represents sitting on the throne as king. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh sits on his throne forever" or "Yahweh rules forever"
Psa 9:7
he has established his throne for justice
The phrase "his throne" represents God's rule. Possible meanings are 1) "He rules in order to judge people" or "He rules over people justly"
Psa 9:8
He will judge the world with righteousness
Here "the world" refers to all the people in the world. Alternate Translation: "He will judge all the people of the world righteously"
Psa 9:10
Those who know your name
Here the words "your name" represent God. Alternate Translation: "Those who know you"
Psa 9:11
tell the nations
Here "the nations" represents the people of the nations.
Psa 9:19
Arise
Getting up represents starting to do something. Alternate Translation: "Do something" or "Take action"
Psa 9:19
be judged
Here judging represents punishing. Alternate Translation: "be punished"
Psa 9:19
in your sight
Here sight represents presence. Alternate Translation: "in your presence"
Psa 10:7
His mouth is full of cursing and deceptive, harmful words
What people say is spoken of as being in their mouth. Alternate Translation: "He always curses people and says things that are deceptive and harmful" or "He always curses people, tells lies, and threatens to harm people"
Psa 10:7
his tongue injures and destroys
Here the tongue represents speaking. Alternate Translation: or "what he says injures and destroys people" or "he speaks words that threaten and hurt people"
Psa 10:12
Lift up your hand
Here lifting the hand to hit someone represents punishing him. Alternate Translation: "Hit him hard" or "Punish the wicked person"
Psa 10:13
You will not hold me accountable
You will not require me to tell you why I do what I do. Holding someone accountable here represents punishing him. Alternate Translation: "You will not punish me"
Psa 10:15
Break the arm of the wicked and evil man
Here "arm" represents power. Alternate Translation: "Destroy the power of the wicked and evil man" or "Make the wicked and evil man weak"
Psa 10:15
Make him account for his evil deeds
Making someone account for his evil deeds represents punishing him. Alternate Translation: "Punish him for the evil things he has done"
Psa 10:17
you strengthen their heart
A strong heart represents courage, and making people's hearts strong represents encouraging them. Alternate Translation: "you encourage them" or "you make them confident"
Psa 12:2
everyone speaks with flattering lips and a double heart
Here "lips" is a metonym for what people say, and "a double heart" is a metaphor for deception. Alternate Translation: "everyone speaks with flattering words and deception" or "everyone praises people falsely and tells lies"
Psa 12:4
With our tongues will we prevail
Here the word "tongues" represents what people say. Alternate Translation: "We will prevail because of what we say"
Psa 14:7
Oh, that the salvation of Israel would come from Zion!
Here "the salvation of Israel" is a metonym for Yahweh, the one who saves Israel. Alternate Translation: "Oh, that Yahweh would come from Zion and save Israel!" or "I wish that Yahweh would come from Zion and rescue his people Israel!"
Psa 15:1
Who may live on your holy hill?
God's "holy hill" represents God's temple, which was on Mount Zion. Alternate Translation: "Who may live in your holy place?"
Psa 15:3
He does not slander with his tongue
Here "tongue" represents what a person says. The word "he" refers to the "righeous person" ([Psalms 15:02](./002.md)). Alternate Translation: "He does not slander people with his speech" or "He does not say evil things about innocent people"
Psa 16:6
Measuring lines ... in pleasant places
Here laying down measuring lines is a metonym for measuring land and giving it to someone, and here this is a metaphor for God blessing David in many great ways. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "You have measured off land for me in pleasant places" or "You have given me land in pleasant places" or "You bless me like one who gives land in pleasant places"
Psa 16:9
my heart is glad
Here the "heart" represents the speaker's thoughts and emotions. Alternate Translation: "Therefore I am glad"
Psa 17:4
it is at the word of your lips that I have kept myself from the ways of the lawless
Here "the word of your lips" is a metonym for God's instruction, and "the ways of the lawless" is a metaphor for the things that lawless people do. Alternate Translation: "it is by obeying your instruction that I have kept myself from doing the things that lawless people do" or "your instruction has caused me to avoid doing wicked things"
Psa 17:7
your right hand
The "right hand" refers to God's power. Alternate Translation: "your mighty power"
Psa 17:11
They have surrounded my steps
Here "surrounded my steps" represents how David's enemies have followed him everywhere he goes in order to capture him. Alternate Translation: "My enemies have surrounded me"
Psa 17:13
by your sword ... by your hand
Here "sword" and "hand" both represent the power of Yahweh.
Psa 17:14
by your sword ... by your hand
Here "sword" and "hand" both represent the power of Yahweh.
Psa 18:1
from the hand of Saul
Here "hand" stands for the power of Saul. Alternate Translation: "from Saul's power"
Psa 18:20
my hands were clean
Here having clean hands represents being innocent of wrongdoing. Alternate Translation: "I was innocent" or "my actions were right"
Psa 18:24
my hands were clean
To have "clean hands" means that one is innocent of wrongdoing. See how you translated this in [Psalms 18:20](./020.md): Alternate Translation: "I was innocent" or "my actions were right"
Psa 18:35
Your right hand has supported me
Here God's right hand represents his power. Alternate Translation: "Your power has supported me" or "You have supported me by your power"
Psa 18:35
your favor has made me great
Here God's favor represents him acting according to his favor. Alternate Translation: "You have made me great according to your favor" or "By your kindness, you have made me great"
Psa 18:40
You gave me the back of my enemies' necks
This represents God giving David victory over his enemies. Alternate Translation: "You gave me victory over my enemies"
Psa 18:40
You gave me the back of my enemies' necks
This represents God giving David victory over his enemies. Possible images are 1) David could cut his enemies' heads off at the neck or 2) David could put his foot down on his enemies' necks or 3) David could see his enemies' backs when they ran away from him.
Psa 18:43
have made me the head over nations
Here "head" represents the ruler. Alternate Translation: "appointed me to be the ruler over many nations"
Psa 18:49
to your name
Here "name" represents God himself. Alternate Translation: "in honor of your name" or "to you"
Psa 19:14
the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart
These expressions taken together describe everything a person says and thinks. Alternate Translation: "the things I say and the things I think about"
Psa 20:1
may the name of the God of Jacob protect you
Possible meanings are 1) here "name" is a metonym for God's power. Alternate Translation: "may the power of the God of Jacob protect you" or "may the God of Jacob protect you by his power" or 2) here "name" is a metonym for God himself. Alternate Translation: "may the God of Jacob protect you"
Psa 20:5
in the name of our God
Here "name" represents honor or reputation. Alternate Translation: "in honor of our God" or "for the reputation of our God"
Psa 20:6
with the strength of his right hand that can rescue him
God's right hand represents his power. Alternate Translation: "with his great strength he will rescue him"
Psa 20:7
Some trust in chariots and others in horses
Here "chariots" and "horses" represent a king's army.
Psa 21:8
Your hand will seize
Here "hand" represents power. Alternate Translation: "Your power will seize" or "You will powerfully seize"
Psa 22:3
of Israel
Here "Israel" represents the people of Israel.
Psa 22:19
my strength
Here "strength" represents Yahweh who gives him strength. Alternate Translation: "you who give me strength"
Psa 22:20
the sword
The sword is a common way of referring to a violent enemy. Alternate Translation: "those who want to kill me" or "my enemies"
Psa 22:22
I will declare your name
I will make known your name. Here "name" stands for God's character or reputation. Alternate Translation: "I will talk about your character"
Psa 22:24
he has not ... abhorred the suffering of the afflicted one
Here, suffering is a metonym for the person who suffers. To abhor something is to think of it as horrible. Alternate Translation: "he has not ... thought of the afflicted one who suffers as horrible"
Psa 22:28
For the kingdom is Yahweh's
For the kingdom belongs to Yahweh. Here "kingdom" represents God's rule as king. Alternate Translation: "For Yahweh is king"
Psa 22:28
he is the ruler over the nations
Here "nations" represents the people of the nations. Alternate Translation: "he rules the people of the nations"
Psa 22:29
those who are descending into the dust
Here "dust" represents the grave. The phrase "descending into the dust" is a way of referring to someone dying. Alternate Translation: "those who are dying" or "those who die"
Psa 22:30
A generation to come
Here "A generation" represents the people of a generation. The phrase "to come" speaks about a future time as if it were something that travels and arrives somewhere. Alternate Translation: "People in the future generations"
Psa 22:30
the next generation
Here "generation" represents the people of that generation. Alternate Translation: "the people of the next generation" or "their children"
Psa 23:3
for his name's sake
The phrase "his name" here refers to his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for his reputation" or "so that people will honor him"
Psa 23:4
your rod and your staff comfort me
The rod and staff represent protection because shepherds use them to protect their sheep from danger. Alternate Translation: "I am not afraid because you protect me like a shepherd who protects his sheep with his rod and staff"
Psa 23:5
You prepare a table
A table represents a feast because people would put all the food on a table.
Psa 24:4
who has clean hands
The word "hands" represents what a person does. For his "hands" to be clean means he does what is right. Alternate Translation: "who does what is right"
Psa 24:4
a pure heart
Here "heart" represents a person's thoughts or motives. Alternate Translation: "thinks good thoughts" or "does not think about doing what is wrong"
Psa 24:4
who has not lifted up a falsehood
Here "falsehood" represents a false idol. To "lift up" means to worship. Alternate Translation: "who has not worshiped an idol"
Psa 24:6
Such is the generation of those who seek him
Here "generation" represents people in general. Alternate Translation: "The people who seek him are like this"
Psa 25:11
For your name's sake
The phrase "your name" here refers to Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "For your reputation" or "So that people will honor you"
Psa 25:15
My eyes are always on Yahweh
Here "eyes" represents looking. It is implied that he looks to Yahweh for help. Alternate Translation: "I always look to Yahweh to help me" or "I always depend on Yahweh to help me"
Psa 25:17
The troubles of my heart are enlarged
Here "heart" represents a person's emotions. Alternate Translation: "I feel more and more troubled"
Psa 25:22
Israel ... his troubles
Here "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel ... our troubles"
Psa 26:8
the place where your glory lives
Here "glory" represents the presence and power of God, which is similar to a very bright light. Alternate Translation: "the place where people can see the glorious light of your presence"
Psa 26:9
people who are bloodthirsty
The word "bloodthirsty" represents wanting to kill people. Alternate Translation: "people who are eager to shed others' blood" or "murderers"
Psa 27:1
Yahweh is my light
Here "light" represents life. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh is the source of my life"
Psa 27:6
my head will be lifted up above my enemies
This represents the writer receiving pride or honor when he defeats his enemies. It can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "people will honor me when I win the fight against my enemies" or "God will honor me by enabling me to defeat my enemies"
Psa 27:7
Hear, Yahweh, my voice
The "voice" often represents a person who speak or calls out. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh, hear me"
Psa 27:8
My heart says
Here "heart" represents a person's mind or thoughts. Alternate Translation: "In my heart I say" or "I say to myself"
Psa 27:9
Do not hide your face from me
The face here represents Yahweh's attention, and hiding the face represents rejecting someone. Alternate Translation: "Do not reject me" or "Do not stop taking care of me"
Psa 28:2
Hear the sound of my pleading
Here "sound" refers to the content of his request. Alternate Translation: "Hear my strong request"
Psa 28:3
but have evil in their hearts
Here "hearts" represents a person's mind or thoughts. Alternate Translation: "but are thinking something evil about them"
Psa 28:4
the work of their hands
Here "hands" represent what the person has done. Alternate Translation: "the things they have done"
Psa 28:5
the work of his hands
Here "hands" represents what Yahweh has done or created. Alternate Translation: "what he has created"
Psa 28:6
he has heard the sound of my pleading
Here "sound" represents what the writer said. Alternate Translation: "has heard what I said when I pleaded to him"
Psa 28:8
his anointed one
The represents the king.
Psa 29:2
his name deserves
The phrase "his name" refers to Yahweh or his reputation. Alternate Translation: "as is proper because of who he is"
Psa 29:3
The voice of Yahweh
All occurrences of "voice" here represent Yahweh speaking. The writer is emphasizing that when Yahweh speaks, the sound is so loud it is heard over the waters, and it is so powerful it can destroy the largest trees. Alternate Translation: "When Yahweh speaks, his voice"
Psa 29:7
The voice of Yahweh sends out flames of fire
All occurrences of "voice" here represent Yahweh speaking. Alternate Translation: "When Yahweh speaks he causes lightning to flash in the sky"
Psa 29:9
The voice of Yahweh causes
Here "voice" represents Yahweh speaking. Alternate Translation: "When Yahweh speaks, the sound causes"
Psa 29:10
Yahweh sits as king
This means that Yahweh rules. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh rules" or "Yahweh is king"
Psa 29:11
Yahweh blesses his people with peace
The word "peace" is an abstract noun. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh blesses his people by causing them to prosper and to live peacefully"
Psa 30:3
brought up my soul from Sheol
Since "Sheol" was the place where dead people go, it refers to death. Alternate Translation: "kept me from dying"
Psa 30:3
from going down to the grave
The "grave" represents death. Alternate Translation: "from dying"
Psa 30:5
a moment
Here "moment" represents a short amount of time. Alternate Translation: "a short time"
Psa 30:9
the dust
This refers to the body of the writer which will decay and become dust when he is dead. Alternate Translation: "my decayed body"
Psa 30:11
you have removed my sackcloth
Sackcloth was associated with mourning and sorrow. Alternate Translation: "You have caused me to no longer be sad"
Psa 31:3
for your name's sake
In this phrase "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "so that your name may be honored" or "so that I may worship you"
Psa 31:10
For my life is weary
Here "my life" refers to the writer. Alternate Translation: "I have become very weak"
Psa 31:10
My strength fails
Here "My strength" refers to the writer. Alternate Translation: "I have become weak"
Psa 31:10
my bones are wasting away
Here "my bones" refers to the physical health of the writer. Alternate Translation: "my health is failing"
Psa 31:15
My times are in your hand
Here "your hand" refers to Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "You have the power to decide my future"
Psa 31:17
May they be silent in Sheol
Here "in Sheol" represents death. Alternate Translation: "Let them die so they cannot speak"
Psa 31:18
lying lips
These represent lying people. Alternate Translation: "people who lie"
Psa 31:20
You hide them in a shelter
Here a "shelter" represents a safe place. Alternate Translation: "You provide a safe place for them"
Psa 31:20
from the violence of tongues
Here "tongues" refer to the people who are speaking violent things against the writer. Alternate Translation: "where their enemies cannot speak evil at them"
Psa 32:8
with my eye upon you
Here "my eye" refers to Yahweh's attention. Alternate Translation: "and direct my attention to you" or "and watch over you"
Psa 33:6
by the breath of his mouth
This refers to Yahweh's word. Alternate Translation: "by his word"
Psa 33:8
Let the whole earth
This refers to the people on the earth. Alternate Translation: "Let everyone on earth"
Psa 33:10
the alliances of nations
Here "nations" refers to the people of these nations. Alternate Translation: "the alliances of the people of different nations"
Psa 33:12
Blessed is the nation
Here "the nation" refers to the people of the nation. Alternate Translation: "Blessed are the people of the nation"
Psa 33:15
shapes the hearts of them all
Here "hearts" refers to the thinking of these people. The writer speaks of Yahweh guiding the thinking of the people as if he were a potter who was shaping a bowl. Alternate Translation: "guides their thinking as a potter shapes a bowl"
Psa 33:18
Yahweh's eye
Here "eye" refers to Yahweh's attention. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh's attention"
Psa 33:21
in his holy name
Here "holy name" refers to Yahweh's holy character. Alternate Translation: "in his holy character" or "in him because he is holy"
Psa 34:1
his praise will always be in my mouth
Here "in my mouth" refers to David speaking about Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "I will always praise him out loud"
Psa 34:3
his name
Here "his name" refers to Yahweh's character. Alternate Translation: "his character"
Psa 34:15
The eyes of Yahweh are on the righteous
Here "the eyes of Yahweh" refer to his careful watching. "The righteous" is a reference to righteous people. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh carefully watches over the righteous people"
Psa 35:6
their way
Here "their way" refers to their lives. Alternate Translation: "their lives"
Psa 35:10
All my bones
Here "bones" refers to the deepest inner being of a person. Alternate Translation: "My whole inner being"
Psa 35:23
my cause
This refers to the writer. Alternate Translation: "me"
Psa 36:1
from deep in his heart
Here "heart" refers to the inner being of a person. Alternate Translation: "from his inner being"
Psa 37:4
the desires of your heart
Here "heart" represents the person's inner being and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "your deepest, inner desires" or "the things that you desire the most"
Psa 37:17
For the arms of the wicked people will be broken
Here "arms" represent the strength of the wicked people. Breaking their arms represents taking away their power. This could be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "For Yahweh will remove the strength of the wicked people"
Psa 37:23
a man's steps
Steps represent the way a person lives. Alternate Translation: "the way a man lives"
Psa 37:24
holding him with his hand
Here "his hand" refers to Yahweh's power, and "holding him" refers to protecting him. Alternate Translation: "protecting him with his power"
Psa 37:31
The law of his God is in his heart
Here "in his heart" refers to his deepest inner being. Alternate Translation: "He treasures the commands of his God in his inner being"
Psa 37:33
the evil person's hand
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "the power of the evil person"
Psa 37:38
the future
This refers to his descendants. Alternate Translation: "his descendants"
Psa 39:1
so that I do not sin with my tongue
Here "tongue" refers to the writer's speech. Alternate Translation: "so that I do not speak an offense against Yahweh"
Psa 39:13
Turn your gaze from me
Here "your gaze" represents Yahweh's punishment. Alternate Translation: "Please stop punishing me"
Psa 39:13
so that I may smile again
Here "smile" is associated with being happy. Alternate Translation: "so that I can be happy again"
Psa 40:3
Many will see it
Here "see it" refers to hearing the writer sing his song about what God has done for him. Alternate Translation: "Many people will hear me tell what Yahweh has done"
Psa 40:6
you have opened my ears
Here "ears" refers to the ability to hear. Alternate Translation: "you have enabled me to hear your commands"
Psa 40:8
your laws are in my heart
Here "my heart" refers to the inner being of the writer. Alternate Translation: "I am always thinking about your laws within my inner being"
Psa 40:9
my lips have not kept back from doing this
Here "my lips" represents the writer, emphasizing his speech. Alternate Translation: "I have not stopped myself from proclaiming these things"
Psa 40:10
in my heart
Here this refers to the writer's inner being.
Psa 40:12
my iniquities
This refers to the consequences of his sin. Alternate Translation: "the consequences of my iniquities"
Psa 40:12
my heart has failed me
Here "heart" refers to the writer's inner confidence. Alternate Translation: "I am very discouraged"
Psa 41:3
Yahweh will support him on the bed of suffering
The phrase "the bed of suffering" refers to when a person lies in bed because he is sick. Alternate Translation: "When he is sick and in bed, Yahweh will support him"
Psa 41:3
you will make his bed of sickness into a bed of healing
The phrase "a bed of healing" refers to when a person rests in bed and recovers from his sickness. Alternate Translation: "you, Yahweh, will heal him of his sickness"
Psa 42:4
I pour out my soul
Here the word "soul" refers to the emotions. The author speaks of his soul as if it is a liquid that he pours out. The phrase means that he is expressing his emotional grief. Alternate Translation: "I express my sorrow"
Psa 43:3
holy hill
This refers to the hill in Jerusalem where the temple is located and thus to the temple itself.
Psa 44:2
with your hand
Here the word "hand" refers to God's power. Alternate Translation: "by your power"
Psa 44:3
by their own sword
The word "sword" refers to military power. Alternate Translation: "by fighting with their own swords" or "by their own army's strength"
Psa 44:3
their own arm
Here the word "arm" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "their own power"
Psa 44:3
your right hand, your arm
Here the words "hand" and "arm" both refer to God's power. Combined, they emphasize the greatness of God's power. Alternate Translation: "your great power"
Psa 44:4
victory for Jacob
The people of Israel are referred to by the name of their ancestor "Jacob."
Psa 44:5
through your name
Here the word "name" refers to God's power and authority. Alternate Translation: "by your power"
Psa 44:8
we will give thanks to your name
Here the word "name" refers to God, himself. Alternate Translation: "we will give thanks to you"
Psa 44:18
Our heart has not turned back
Here the word "heart" refers to the emotions, and specifically to loyalty and devotion. Alternate Translation: "We have not stopped being loyal to you"
Psa 44:20
If we have forgotten the name of our God
Here the word "name" refers to God, himself. To forget God is to stop worshiping him. This is something that did not happen. Alternate Translation: "If we had forgotten our God" or "If we had stopped worshiping our God"
Psa 44:21
he knows the secrets of the heart
Here the word "heart" refers to the mind and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "he knows what a person secretly thinks"
Psa 45:4
your right hand will teach you fearful things
Most soldiers held their swords with their right hands when they fought. Here, the phrase "right hand" refers to his ability to fight, which the writer speaks of as if it were a person who can teach the king through the experience he gains in battle. Alternate Translation: "You will learn to accomplish great military feats by fighting in many battles"
Psa 45:6
Your throne ... is forever and ever
The word "throne" represents the kingdom and rule of the king. Alternate Translation: "Your kingdom ... is forever and ever" or "You will reign ... forever and ever"
Psa 45:6
a scepter of justice is the scepter of your kingdom
The word "scepter" represents the king's authority to rule his kingdom. Alternate Translation: "you rule your kingdom with justice"
Psa 45:8
stringed instruments have made you glad
The words "stringed instruments" refers to the music that people make by playing the stringed instruments. Alternate Translation: "the music of stringed instruments has made you glad"
Psa 45:10
your father's house
Here the word "house" refers to family. Alternate Translation: "your relatives"
Psa 45:17
I will make your name to be remembered in all generations
Here the word "I" refers to the writer. The word "name" refers to the king's character and reputation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will cause people in every generation to know about your greatness"
Psa 46:4
make the city of God happy
The phrase "the city of God" refers to Jerusalem, and represents the people who live in that city. Alternate Translation: "make the people who live in Jerusalem happy"
Psa 46:6
the earth melted
The writer speaks of the earth as an object, such as ice, that can melt. Here "the earth" represents mankind, and to melt represents fear. Alternate Translation: "the people of the earth tremble with fear"
Psa 46:7
the God of Jacob
Possible meanings are 1) "the God whom Jacob worshiped" or 2) "Jacob" is a metonym for the nation of Israel and means "the God of Israel."
Psa 47:4
the glory of Jacob
Here the word "glory" refers to a source of pride and represents the land that God has given to his people as an inheritance. Alternate Translation: "the land in which Jacob takes pride"
Psa 47:4
Jacob whom he loved
The word "Jacob" refers to the nation of Israel.
Psa 48:2
the joy of the whole earth, is Mount Zion
Here the word "earth" refers to everyone living on the earth. The word "joy" may be translated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "Mount Zion gives joy to everyone on earth" or "everyone on earth rejoices because of Mount Zion"
Psa 48:4
assembled themselves
Here the kings represent their armies. Alternate Translation: "assembled their armies"
Psa 48:10
As your name is ... so is your praise to the ends of the earth
Here the word "name" represents God's character and reputation. The two phrases compare the greatness of God's reputation with how greatly people praise him. Alternate Translation: "Your name is very great ... and so people throughout the world praise you greatly" or "People all throughout the world have heard of you ... so people throughout the world praise you"
Psa 49:3
the meditation of my heart will be of understanding
Here the word "heart" represents the mind and thoughts. The abstract nouns "meditation" and "understanding" can be translated as verbs. Alternate Translation: "the thoughts upon which I meditate will help you to understand"
Psa 50:1
called the earth
Here the word "earth" refers to the people who live on the earth. Alternate Translation: "called all people"
Psa 50:4
He calls to the heavens above and to the earth
Possible meanings are 1) God is calling on all who live in heaven and on earth to be witnesses as he judges his people or 2) God is speaking to heaven and earth as if they are people, and he is calling them to be witnesses as he judges his people.
Psa 50:6
The heavens will declare
Possible meanings are 1) the writer uses the word "heavens" to refer to the angels who live there or 2) the writer speaks of "the heavens" as if they are a person who testifies about God's righteousness.
Psa 51:6
you desire trustworthiness in my inner self
The "inner self" represents either 1) the person's desires or 2) the whole person. Alternate Translation: "you want me to desire trustworthiness" or "you want me to be trustworthy"
Psa 51:10
Create in me a clean heart
Here the "heart" represents the feelings and desires. Being completely devoted and obedient to God is spoken of as having a clean heart. Alternate Translation: "Make me completely devoted to you" or "Make me want to obey you always"
Psa 51:10
renew a right spirit within me
Here "spirit" represents the attitude and desires of a David. Alternate Translation: "make my attitude right" or "make me always want to do what is right"
Psa 51:14
shedding blood
This phrase refers to killing another person.
Psa 51:17
a broken and a contrite heart
Being humble and sorry for one's sin is spoken of as having a broken and contrite heart. The heart represents the emotions and will. Alternate Translation: "sorrow and humility" or "a person who is sorry for his sin and humble"
Psa 52:7
did not make God his refuge
Here "refuge" represents a protector. Alternate Translation: "did not make God his protector" or "did not ask God to protect him"
Psa 52:9
I will wait for your name, because it is good
God's name represents God himself. Waiting for God represents waiting for God to help him. Alternate Translation: "I will wait for you, because you are good" or "I will wait for you to help me, because you are good"
Psa 53:5
God will scatter the bones of whoever will camp against you
Scattering people's bones represents killing them and allowing their bones to remain wherever they have died and not be buried properly. "God will completely destroy whoever will camp against you, and their bones will lie scattered on the ground"
Psa 53:5
whoever will camp against you
Camping against people represents attacking them. Enemy armies would travel and set up camps to live in temporarily near the people they wanted to attack. Alternate Translation: "whoever will attack you"
Psa 53:6
the salvation of Israel would come from Zion
The salvation represents God, the savior, whose temple is in Zion. Alternate Translation: "the savior of Israel would come from Zion" or "God would come from Zion and save Israel"
Psa 53:6
Jacob
Here "Jacob" refers to the descendants of Jacob, the Israelites.
Psa 54:1
Save me, God, by your name
Here God's name represents his character. It may represent specifically his power or his justice. Alternate Translation: "Save me, God, by your power"
Psa 54:1
judge me in your might
Judging David here represents showing people that David is not guilty. When God uses his might to save David, people will know that God has judged him as not guilty. Alternate Translation: "In your might, show people that I am not guilty" or "Show people that I am not guilty by using your power to rescue me"
Psa 54:2
give ear to the words
Giving one's ear represents listening. Alternate Translation: "listen to the words"
Psa 54:3
have risen up against me
Rising up against someone represents preparing to attack him or actually attacking him. Alternate Translation: "have prepared to attack me" or "are attacking me"
Psa 54:3
have sought after my life
Seeking after someone's life represents trying to kill him. Alternate Translation: "have tried to kill me" or "want to kill me"
Psa 54:3
they have not set God before them
Setting God before them represents paying attention to God. Alternate Translation: "they do not pay attention to God" or "they ignore God"
Psa 54:7
my eye has looked in triumph on my enemies
Possible meanings are 1) seeing that his enemies have been defeated. Alternate Translation: "I have seen that my enemies have been defeated" or 2) defeating his enemies. Alternate Translation: "I have defeated my enemies"
Psa 55:1
Give ear to my prayer
Giving one's ear represents listening. Alternate Translation: "Listen to my prayer"
Psa 55:3
because of the voice of my enemies
Here "voice" represents what they say. Alternate Translation: "because of what my enemies say"
Psa 55:4
My heart trembles within me
Here, "heart trembles" refers to his emotional pain and suffering. This suffering is because of fear. Alternate Translation: "I am suffering because I am so afraid"
Psa 55:9
confuse their language
Language here represents what the people were saying to each other, and probably refers specifically to them talking about plans to do evil. Confusing it represents making the people unable to understand each other. Alternate Translation: "confuse them when they speak to each other" or "confuse their plans"
Psa 55:18
my life
Here "my life" represents the psalmist. Alternate Translation: "me"
Psa 55:20
has raised his hands against those
Raising the hand against people represents attacking them. This may be a metaphor for saying things that put people in danger or cause them trouble. Alternate Translation: "has attacked those" or "has betrayed those"
Psa 55:21
His mouth
Someone's "mouth" represents what he says. Alternate Translation: "What my friend said"
Psa 55:23
will bring the wicked down into the pit of destruction
This represents causing people to die. Alternate Translation: "will cause the wicked to die" or "will cause wicked people to die and go to the place where dead people are"
Psa 56:6
just as they have waited for my life
Waiting to kill someone is spoken of as waiting for his life. Alternate Translation: "as they wait to kill me"
Psa 56:13
in the light of the living
Here "the light of the living" probably represents God's enabling people to live. Alternate Translation: "with the life that you give" or "because you enable me to live"
Psa 57:7
My heart is fixed, God, my heart is fixed
Being confident is spoken of as one's heart being firm rather than shaken or easily moved. The phrase is repeated to show that he has complete confidence in God and will not change. Alternate Translation: "I am completely confident in you, God"
Psa 58:2
you commit wickedness in your heart
The heart refers to the people's thoughts or plans. Alternate Translation: "you commit wickedness in your thoughts" or "you think about doing wicked things"
Psa 59:1
set me on high
A high place represents a safe place where his enemies cannot reach him. Alternate Translation: "put me in a safe place"
Psa 59:1
rise up against me
Rising up against someone represents attacking him. Alternate Translation: "attack me"
Psa 59:5
all the nations
The word "nations" here represents the people of the nations that do not honor God. Alternate Translation: "the people of all the nations"
Psa 59:9
my strength
God's being the psalmist's strength represents God protecting him. Alternate Translation: "you are my strength" or "you are my protector"
Psa 59:11
our shield
God's protecting the righteous is spoken of as if God were a shield. Alternate Translation: "our protector" or "the one who protects us like a shield"
Psa 59:12
For the sins of their mouths and the words of their lips
The mouths and lips represent the things people say. Alternate Translation: "Because they sin by what they say" or "Because of the sinful things they say"
Psa 59:13
in Jacob
Jacob here refers to Israel. Alternate Translation: "in Israel"
Psa 59:13
to the ends of the earth
to even the most distance places on earth. This represents all places on earth. Alternate Translation: "everywhere on earth"
Psa 59:17
my strength
God's being the psalmist's strength represents God protecting him. Alternate Translation: "my protector"
Psa 60:1
you have broken through our defenses
God's allowing Israel's enemies to break through their defenses is spoken of as God himself had done it. Alternate Translation: "you have allowed our enemies to break through our defenses"
Psa 60:3
You have made your people see difficult things
Here "see" represents "experience" or "suffer."
Psa 60:4
to be displayed against those who carry the bow
The phrase "those who carry the bow" refers to the enemy soldiers in battle. Alternate Translation: "to display when he takes his army into battle against your enemies"
Psa 60:5
with your right hand
God's right hand represents his power. Alternate Translation: "by your power"
Psa 60:5
answer me
Answering here represents responding to his request. Alternate Translation: "respond to my request" or "answer my prayer"
Psa 61:5
who honor your name
Here "your name" means God himself. Alternate Translation: "who honor you" or "who have an awesome respect for you"
Psa 61:6
his years will be like many generations
Here "years" refers to how long the king will live. Alternate Translation: "he will live for many generations"
Psa 61:8
I will sing praise to your name forever
Here "name" stands for God himself. Alternate Translation: "I will always sing praise to you"
Psa 62:4
with their mouths
This refers to their speech or their words.
Psa 62:4
in their hearts
This refers to their thoughts.
Psa 63:4
I will lift up my hands in your name
Here "in your name" means "to you." Alternate Translation: "I will worship you and pray to you"
Psa 63:8
your right hand supports me
Here, the right hand is used as a symbol of strength and power. Alternate Translation: "you support me" or "you lift me up"
Psa 63:10
they will be given over to those whose hands use the sword
Here "the sword" represents death in battle, and "those whose hands use the sword" refers to enemies who kill them in battle. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "God will cause them to die in battle"
Psa 64:2
Hide me from the secret plotting of evildoers
Here "Hide" represents protecting, and "the secret plotting of evildoers represents" represents the harm that evildoers secretly plan to do to David. Alternate Translation: "Protect me from the harm that evil doers secretly plan to do to me"
Psa 64:8
since their own tongues are against them
Here "tongues" represents the words that they say. Alternate Translation: "since the words that they say are against them"
Psa 65:5
of all the ends of the earth
This refers to the people who live all over the earth.
Psa 65:8
you make the east and the west rejoice
The phrase "the east and the west" refers to the people who live all over the earth. Alternate Translation: "you cause people everywhere to shout joyfully"
Psa 65:9
the river of God is full of water
This refers to the supply of water in the sky that God sends to water the earth and fill the streams. Alternate Translation: "you fill the streams with water"
Psa 66:1
Make a joyful noise to God, all the earth
A "joyful noise to God" represents singing and shouting praises to God. Alternate Translation: "Let all the earth sing and shout joyfully to God"
Psa 66:1
all the earth
This refers to all the people who live on the earth. Alternate Translation: "everyone on earth"
Psa 66:2
the glory of his name
God's name here represents God himself. Alternate Translation: "his glory"
Psa 66:4
All the earth will worship you
This refers to all of the people who live on the earth. Alternate Translation: "All the people on earth will worship you"
Psa 66:4
they will sing to your name
Here "your name" refers to God himself. Alternate Translation: "they will praise and honor you"
Psa 67:3
let the nations ... govern the nations
Here "nations" represents the people who live in all the nations on the earth.
Psa 67:4
let the nations ... govern the nations
Here "nations" represents the people who live in all the nations on the earth.
Psa 67:7
all the ends of the earth honor him
This means that people everywhere should honor God because of his blessings. Alternate Translation: "I desire that all people everywhere on the earth may have an awesome respect for him"
Psa 68:4
to his name
This refers to God. Alternate Translation: "to him"
Psa 68:31
Cush
This refers to the people of Cush. Alternate Translation: "The Cushites"
Psa 69:12
Those who sit in the city gate
Here "city gate" is associated with leadership of a town. Alternate Translation: "The important people of the city"
Psa 69:22
their table
This refers to food that was served on the tables, possibly at a feast. Alternate Translation: "their own food" or "sacrificial feasts"
Psa 69:26
you struck down
Here to be "struck down" refers to punishment. Alternate Translation: "you punished"
Psa 69:26
those you have wounded
Here to be "wounded" refers to causing them to suffer. Alternate Translation: "those you have caused to suffer"
Psa 69:28
Let them be blotted out of
Here "them" refers to the names of the enemies. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Wipe out their names in"
Psa 69:30
the name of God
Here "name" refers to God himself. Alternate Translation: "God"
Psa 69:33
Yahweh hears
Here "hears" means to respond. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh answers"
Psa 69:35
God will save Zion
Here "Zion" refers to the people in Zion. Alternate Translation: "God will save the people of Zion"
Psa 69:36
who love his name
Here "name" refers to God himself. Alternate Translation: "who love God"
Psa 71:2
turn your ear to me
Here "your ear" refers to God's willingness to hear someone who prays to him. See how this is translated in [Psalms 17:6](../017/006.md). Alternate Translation: "pay attention to me"
Psa 71:4
out of the hand of the wicked, out of the hand of the unrighteous
Possible meanings are 1) the word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "from the power of the wicked, from the power of the unrighteous" or 2) "hand" refers to the person himself. Alternate Translation: "from wicked people, from unrighteous ... people" or "so that wicked people and unrighteous ... people cannot harm me"
Psa 71:5
you are my hope
Here "hope" is a metonym for the one in whom the psalmist hopes. Alternate Translation: "you are the one whom I confidently expect to help me"
Psa 71:8
your praise
Here "praise" refer to the words that he will use to praise Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "words that tell people how great you are"
Psa 71:8
your honor
Here "honor" refer to the words that he will use to honor Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "words that cause people to honor you"
Psa 72:2
May the mountains produce peace ... may the hills produce righteousness
The psalmist speaks of the people of Israel as if they were the mountains and hills on which they live. He speaks of the mountains and the hills as if they were the entire land of Israel, as if that land were a garden that produces fruit, and of peace and righteousness as if they are that fruit. Alternate Translation: "May the people of the land live in peace ... may they do everything in a righteous way"
Psa 72:3
May the mountains produce peace ... may the hills produce righteousness
The psalmist speaks of the people of Israel as if they were the mountains and hills on which they live. He speaks of the mountains and the hills as if they were the entire land of Israel, as if that land were a garden that produces fruit, and of peace and righteousness as if they are that fruit. Alternate Translation: "May the people of the land live in peace ... may they do everything in a righteous way"
Psa 72:5
while the sun endures, and as long as the moon lasts
The sun and the moon are metonyms for the day and the night, which together are a merism for all time. Alternate Translation: "forever, and without ending"
Psa 72:11
all nations
Here the word "nations" represents the people who live in the nations. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in every nation"
Psa 72:14
their blood is precious in his sight
Here "their blood" is a metonym for their well-being. The sight of Yahweh represents his judgment or evaluation. Alternate Translation: "their well-being is very important to him" or "he wants them to live well"
Psa 72:17
his name
Here "his name" refers to God's reputation. Alternate Translation: "the king's name" or "the king's reputation" or "the king's fame"
Psa 73:5
the burdens of other men
The words "burdens" is a metonym for the struggles of daily life (need for food, shelter, clothing, and health).
Psa 73:9
They set their mouth against the heavens
Here "their mouth" is a metonym for their speech, and "heavens" is a metonym for God, who lives in the heavens. Alternate Translation: "They speak against God, who is in the heavens"
Psa 74:10
blaspheme your name
The word "name" is a metonym for God himself. Alternate Translation: "say that you are bad" or "insult you"
Psa 74:11
hold back your hand
Here the word "hand" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "not show your power" or "not use your power to destroy your enemies"
Psa 74:11
Take your right hand from your garment
The psalmist speaks of God as if he had a physical body. "Stop hiding your power and take action"
Psa 74:23
the voice of your adversaries
The word "voice" is a metonym for the words people use when they speak. Alternate Translation: "what your adversaries are saying"
Psa 75:6
It is not from the east ... that lifting up comes
Asaph speaks of the one who lifts up as if he were the action of lifting up. He also speaks of God giving strength and honor to a person as if God were physically lifting that person up. Alternate Translation: "The one who will lift you up will not be someone who comes from the east" or "The one who will make you strong and have people honor you will not be someone who comes from the east"
Psa 76:1
his name is great in Israel
The words "his name" are a metonym for his reputation. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel consider him good and powerful"
Psa 76:8
the earth was
Here "the earth" is a metonym for the people living on the earth. Alternate Translation: "the people of the earth were"
Psa 77:4
held my eyes open
Open eyes is a metonym for being unable to sleep. Alternate Translation: "kept me from sleeping"
Psa 77:10
the changing of the right hand of the Most High toward us
The "right hand" is a metonym for power, authority or strength. Alternate Translation: "the Most High no longer uses his power to help us"
Psa 78:32
did not believe his wonderful deeds
The word "deeds" is a metonym for God, who did the deeds. What they did not believe can be stated clearly. Alternate Translation: "did not believe that he would take care of them even though he had done such wonderful deeds"
Psa 78:36
with their mouth
The word "mouth" is a metonym for the words they spoke using their mouths. Alternate Translation: "by saying what they said"
Psa 78:39
they were made of flesh
The word "flesh," which is weak and then dies, is a metonym for human weakness and death. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites were weak and would someday die"
Psa 78:51
in the tents of Ham
Here the word "tents" is a metonym for families. The word "Ham" refers to Egypt by the name of their ancestor. Alternate Translation: "among the families of Egypt"
Psa 78:54
his right hand acquired
The words "right hand" are a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "he won for himself using his own power"
Psa 78:61
He allowed his strength to be captured and gave his glory into the enemy's hand
Asaph speaks of God's strength and glory as if they were physical objects that people could capture and hold. The words "strength" and "glory" are probably mentonyms for the ark of the covenant. The word "hand" is a metonym for the enemy's power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "He allowed his enemies to capture the glorious ark of his covenant; he simply gave it to them so they could do whatever they wanted with it"
Psa 78:64
Their priests fell by the sword
Here the word "sword" represents soldiers who fought with swords. The phrase "fell by the sword" is an idiom that means to die in battle. Alternate Translation: "Their priests died in battle" or "Enemies killed their priests with swords"
Psa 78:67
the tent of Joseph
Here the word "tent" is a metonym for a family. In this phrase it refers to the descendants of Joseph. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Joseph"
Psa 79:3
They have shed their blood like water
The word "blood" is a metonym for innocent life. To shed blood is to kill innocent people. Most people saw water every day, so for blood to be as common as water, many innocent people would have to die. Alternate Translation: "They have killed so many innocent people that the blood is everywhere, like water after it rains"
Psa 79:4
We have become a reproach for our neighbors, mocking and derision to those who are around us
The words "reproach," "mocking," and "derision" are metonyms for those whom others reproach, mock, and deride. Alternate Translation: "We have become people whom our neighbors reproach; those around us mock and deride us"
Psa 79:6
do not call upon your name
The word "name" is a metonym for the person's power and authority. Alternate Translation: "do not belong to you" or "do not ask you to help them"
Psa 79:7
they have devoured Jacob
The word "Jacob" is a mentonym for his descendants, the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "they have completely destroyed the people of Israel"
Psa 79:9
for the sake of the glory of your name
The word "name" is a metonym for his reputation, for what people know about him. Alternate Translation: "so that people will know about your glory"
Psa 79:9
for your name's sake
God's name here represents his whole being and the honor that he deserves. Alternate Translation: "so that people will honor you" or "for your own sake"
Psa 79:10
May the blood of your servants that was shed be avenged on the nations before our eyes
To shed blood is a metonym for killing innocent people. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Avenge your innocent servants whom the nations killed where we can see you do it"
Psa 79:13
your praises
This represents the things that people will praise them the Lord for. Alternate Translation: "continue to praise you for the things that you have done"
Psa 80:1
Joseph
Here Joseph represents the nation of Israel.
Psa 80:15
This is the root that your right hand planted
The right hand represents the Yahweh's power and control. Alternate Translation: "This is the root that you, Yahweh, planted"
Psa 80:17
your hand
This refers to Yahweh's power and control.
Psa 81:5
the land of Egypt
Here "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Egypt"
Psa 81:8
Israel
Here "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Israelites" or "people of Israel"
Psa 81:14
turn my hand against
Here "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "I would destroy" or "I would defeat"
Psa 82:4
take them out of the hand of the wicked
Here the word "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "stop the wicked people from harming them"
Psa 82:8
judge the earth
Here "earth" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "judge the people of the earth"
Psa 82:8
all the nations
Here "nations" represents the people of the nations.
Psa 83:4
the name of Israel will no longer be remembered
Here "name" represents a reputation or the memory of someone. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "no one will ever remember the Israelites existed"
Psa 83:6
the tents of Edom
This refers to the people of Edom who lived in tents.
Psa 83:7
Gebal, Ammon, Amalek ... Philistia
These all represent the people of each area or tribe. Alternate Translation: "the people of Gebal, the Ammonites, the Amalekites ... the Philistines"
Psa 83:8
Assyria
This represents the people of Assyria. Alternate Translation: "the people of Assyria"
Psa 83:9
did to Midian
Here "Midian" represents the people of Midian. Alternate Translation: "did to the Midianites"
Psa 83:16
they might seek your name
Here "name" represents God's power. God's enemies acknowledging that God is powerful is spoken of as if they are seeking to find Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "they might acknowledge that you are powerful"
Psa 84:6
blessings
Here the word "blessings" is a metonym for the pools of water that make people who live in dry lands happy. Alternate Translation: "pools of water that make them happy"
Psa 85:1
you have showed favor to your land
Here "land" represents the nation and people of Israel.
Psa 85:9
then glory will remain in our land
Here "glory" represents God's presence. Alternate Translation: "then his glorious presence will remain in our land"
Psa 85:13
his footsteps
Here "footsteps" represents where God walks.
Psa 86:9
All the nations
Here "the nations" represent the people. Alternate Translation: "The people from all nations"
Psa 86:9
They will honor your name
Here "name" represents the whole person. Alternate Translation: "They will honor you"
Psa 86:11
Unite my heart to reverence you
Here "heart" represents a person's thoughts, emotions, and motives. Asking God to cause a person to respect him completely is spoken of as if the person's heart were in many pieces and that God unites them together. Alternate Translation: "Cause me to respect you sincerely with all my heart" or "Cause me to respect you sincerely"
Psa 86:12
I will praise you with my whole heart
Here "heart" represents a person's thoughts, emotions, and motives. Alternate Translation: "I will praise you completely and sincerely"
Psa 86:12
I will glorify your name
Here "name" represents the whole person. Alternate Translation: "I will glorify you"
Psa 87:2
all the tents of Jacob
The people lived in tents while they wandered in the desert. Here the writer uses "tents of Jacob" to represent where the Israelites live now. Alternate Translation: "any of the other dwelling places of the Israelites"
Psa 87:4
Rahab and Babylon
Here "Rahab" is a poetic way of referring to Egypt. Both "Rahab" and "Babylon" represent the people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Egypt and Babylon"
Psa 88:3
my life has reached Sheol
Here "life" represents the writer. And "Sheol" represents death. The writer speaks about himself possibly dying soon as if Sheol were a place and he has arrived at that place. Alternate Translation: "I am about to die"
Psa 88:4
People treat me like those who go down into the pit
The word "pit" means the same as "Sheol." The phrase "go down into the pit" represents dying. Alternate Translation: "people treat me like I have already died"
Psa 88:9
My eyes grow weary from trouble
Here "eyes" represents a person's ability to see. For his eyes to grow weary from trouble is a way of saying that he his troubles cause him to cry so much that it is hard for him to see.
Psa 89:4
I will establish your throne through all generations
Here "throne" represents the power to rule as king. The psalmist speaks of God promising that one of David's descendants will always rule as king as if God will build David's throne and make it firm. Alternate Translation: "I will make sure that one of your descendants will rule as king over every generation of my people"
Psa 89:5
The heavens praise
Here "heavens" represents those who are in heaven.
Psa 89:10
with your strong arm
Here "arm" represents power. Alternate Translation: "with your great power"
Psa 89:12
in your name
Here "name" represents the whole person. Alternate Translation: "in you"
Psa 89:13
You have a mighty arm and a strong hand, and your right hand is high
The words "mighty arm," "strong hand," and "right hand" all represent God's power.
Psa 89:14
your throne
The throne represents God's rule as king.
Psa 89:16
in your name
Here "name" represents the person. Alternate Translation: "in you"
Psa 89:21
My hand will support him; my arm will strengthen him
Here "hand" and "arm" both means the power and control of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "I will support him and make him strong"
Psa 89:22
son of wickedness
The writer refers to those who have the nature or character of wickedness as "sons of wickedness." Alternate Translation: "wicked person"
Psa 89:24
by my name he will be victorious
Here "name" represents God' power. Alternate Translation: "I, God, will cause him to be victorious"
Psa 89:25
I will place his hand over the sea and his right hand over the rivers
Here "hand" and "right hand" represent power and authority. Here "the sea" seems to refer to the Mediterranean Sea west of Israel, and "rivers" refers to the Euphrates river in the east. This means David will have authority over everything from the sea to the river. Alternate Translation: "I will give him authority over everything from the Mediterranean sea to the Euphrates river"
Psa 89:29
his throne
Here "throne" represents the power to rule as king.
Psa 89:36
his throne
Here "throne" represents the power to rule as king. God is promising that one of David's descendants will always be king.
Psa 89:39
his crown
This represents the king's power as king and his right to rule.
Psa 89:42
raised the right hand of his enemies
Here "right hand" represents power. To "raise the right hand" means that Yahweh has made his enemies strong enough to defeat God's chosen king.
Psa 89:43
turn back the edge of his sword
Here "sword" represents the king's power in battle. To turn the sword back represents making the king unable to win in battle.
Psa 89:43
have not made him stand when in battle
Here "stand" represents being victorious in battle. Alternate Translation: "You have not helped him to be victorious in battle"
Psa 89:44
you have brought down his throne to the ground
Here "throne" represents the power to rule as king. Alternate Translation: "you, Yahweh, have ended his reign as king"
Psa 89:48
rescue his own life from the hand of Sheol
Here "hand" refers to power. The writer speaks of Sheol as if it were a person who has power over those who die. Possible meanings are 1) a person cannot bring himself back to life after dying or 2) a person cannot keep himself from dying.
Psa 89:50
how I bear in my heart so many insults from the nations
Here "heart" represents the person's emotions. Alternate Translation: "I endure so many insults from the people of the nations" or "I suffer because the people from the nations insult me"
Psa 89:50
from the nations
Here "nations" represents the people of the nations.
Psa 89:51
they mock the footsteps of your anointed one
Here "footsteps" represents where the king goes. Alternate Translation: "they mock your anointed one wherever he goes"
Psa 90:2
the world
This represents everything that is in the world.
Psa 91:5
terror in the night
The psalmist speaks of "terror" as if it were a spirit or fierce animal that could attack at night and so terrify people. Alternate Translation: "things attacking you at night"
Psa 91:5
the arrow that flies by day
Arrow here is a metonym for the people who shoot the arrows. Alternate Translation: "people attacking you with arrows during the day"
Psa 92:1
to sing praises to your name
The words "your name" are a metonym for "you." Alternate Translation: "to sing praises to you"
Psa 92:10
You have lifted up my horn like the horn of the wild ox
The psalmist speaks of God as if he had made him as strong as a wild animal. Here his "horn" represents his strength. Alternate Translation: "You have made me as strong as a wild ox"
Psa 94:2
Rise up
The psalmist speaks of starting to do something as getting up. If your language has a word for beginning to act, use it here. Alternate Translation: "Take action" or "Do something"
Psa 94:5
afflict the nation
Here the metonym "nation" refers to the people of the nation. Alternate Translation: "afflict the people of the nation"
Psa 94:15
judgment will again be righteous
The psalmist speaks of those who judge as if they were the decisions they make. The abstract noun "judgment" can be translated with the verb "judge." Alternate Translation: "judges will again judge righteously" or "judges will again make righteous decisions"
Psa 94:20
a throne of destruction
Here the metonym "throne" refers to a king or ruler. Alternate Translation: "a wicked ruler" or "corrupt judge"
Psa 95:7
the people of his pasture
The word "pasture" is a metonym for the food that animals eat in the pasture, which in turn is a synecdoche for everything that Yahweh provides for his people. Alternate Translation: "we are the people whose needs he meets"
Psa 95:7
hear his voice
Here "his voice" represents God speaking or what he says. Alternate Translation: "listen to God speak" or "hear what God says"
Psa 96:1
all the earth
This refers to the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "all you people who live on the earth"
Psa 96:2
bless his name
The word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "bless Yahweh" or "do what makes Yahweh happy" See how "may his glorious name be blessed" is translated in [Psalms 72:19](../072/019.md).
Psa 96:6
Strength and beauty are in his sanctuary
The words "strength" and "beauty" are metonyms for the ark of the covenant decrees, which is found in the sanctuary. Alternate Translation: "It is his sanctuary that contains the ark of the covenant decrees"
Psa 96:8
his name deserves
Here "name" refers to the person of God. Alternate Translation: "he deserves"
Psa 96:9
all the earth
Here "earth" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people of the earth"
Psa 96:13
He will judge the world with righteousness
Here "the world" is a metonym for all the people in the world. See how these words are translated in [Psalms 9:8](../009/008.md). Alternate Translation: "He will judge all the people of the world righteously"
Psa 97:2
Righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne
The word "throne" is a metonym for the deeds and words of the one who sits on it. The psalmist speaks as if righteousness and justice were physical objects that made the throne secure. Alternate Translation: "He is righteous and just in everything he does" or "He is able to rule because he rules righteously and justly"
Psa 97:2
the foundation of his throne
Here "the foundation of his throne" refers to how Yahweh rules his kingdom.
Psa 97:8
Zion heard ... the towns of Judah
This refers to the people who live in these lands. Alternate Translation: "The people of Zion heard ... the people of Judah"
Psa 97:10
he takes them out of the hand of the wicked
Here the word "hand" represents power. Yahweh rescuing people from the power of wicked people is spoken of as if he took them out of their hands. Alternate Translation: "he rescues them from the power of the wicked"
Psa 97:12
when you remember his holiness
Possible meanings are 1) "when you remember how holy he is" or 2) "to his holy name," a metonym for "to him."
Psa 98:1
his right hand and his holy arm have
The words "right hand" and "holy arm" refer to Yahweh's strength. Together they emphasize how great his strength is. Alternate Translation: "his very great power has"
Psa 98:1
holy arm
Here "arm" is a metonym for power. Alternate Translation: "the power that is his alone"
Psa 98:3
all the ends of the earth ... all the earth
These are metonyms for the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "people from all over the world ... all people in the world"
Psa 98:4
all the ends of the earth ... all the earth
These are metonyms for the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "people from all over the world ... all people in the world"
Psa 98:7
the world ... the nations
These phrases are metonyms for "the people in the world" and "the people who live in the nations."
Psa 98:8
the world ... the nations
These phrases are metonyms for "the people in the world" and "the people who live in the nations."
Psa 98:9
the world ... the nations
These phrases are metonyms for "the people in the world" and "the people who live in the nations."
Psa 99:1
the nations
This refers to the people of all nations. Alternate Translation: "the people of all nations"
Psa 100:1
all the earth
This refers to all the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "everyone on the earth"
Psa 100:4
bless his name
The word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "bless Yahweh" or "do what makes Yahweh happy" See how "may his glorious name be blessed" is translated in [Psalms 72:19](../072/019.md).
Psa 102:13
have mercy on Zion
Here "Zion" refers to the people who live in Zion. Alternate Translation: "have mercy on the people of Zion"
Psa 102:15
your name
Here "your name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "you"
Psa 103:1
give praise to his holy name
This refers to praising Yahweh's name as Yahweh.
Psa 103:5
He satisfies your life with good things
The phrase "your life" refers to "you," but it emphasizes that Yahweh gives blessings throughout life. Alternate Translation: "He satisfies you with good things through your life"
Psa 103:5
your youth
The word "youth" refers to the strength one had as a young adult.
Psa 103:19
Yahweh has established his throne in the heavens
Here Yahweh's reign as king is referred to as his "throne." Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has taken his seat in the heavens where he rules as king"
Psa 103:19
his kingdom rules
Here Yahweh is referred to by "his kingdom" to emphasize his authority as king. Alternate Translation: "he rules"
Psa 103:22
with all my life
This phrase means that he will praise Yahweh wholeheartedly and is used to emphasize his devotion to him. Alternate Translation: "with all of me" or "with all my soul"
Psa 104:1
with all my life
This phrase means that he will praise Yahweh wholeheartedly and is used to emphasize his devotion to him. Alternate Translation: "with all of me" or "with all my soul"(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
Psa 105:1
call on his name ... Boast in his holy name
Here "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "call on him ... Boast in Yahweh"
Psa 105:1
the nations
This refers to the people in the nations. Alternate Translation: "the people of the nations"
Psa 105:3
call on his name ... Boast in his holy name
Here "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "call on him ... Boast in Yahweh"
Psa 105:5
the decrees from his mouth
Here "mouth" refers to the things that he spoke. Alternate Translation: "the decrees that he has spoken"
Psa 105:33
He destroyed ... he broke
God caused the hail, rain, and lightning to ruin the vines and trees. Alternate Translation: "He caused it to destroy ... and to break"
Psa 105:38
Egypt was glad
Here "Egypt" refers to the people who live in Egypt. Alternate Translation: The people of Egypt were glad
Psa 106:5
glory with your inheritance
Here the phrase "your inheritance" refers to the Isrealites, who are Yahweh's chosen people. Here "glory" means "to boast about" something; in this case they are boasting about Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "boast of your greatness with your people" or "boast with your people about you"
Psa 106:8
for his name's sake
Here "his name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "for the sake of his own reputation"
Psa 106:10
the hand of those who hated them
Here "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate Translation: "the power of those who hated them" or "the control of those who hated them"
Psa 106:20
the glory of God
Here God is referred to by his glory. Alternate Translation: "their glorious God" or "God who is glorious"
Psa 106:32
suffered because of them
Moses suffered because of the peoples' sin. Here the word "them" is a pronoun for the people and a metonym referring to their sin. Alternate Translation: "suffered because of their actions"
Psa 106:41
He gave them into the hand of the nations
Here "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate Translation: "God allowed the nations to take control of them"
Psa 106:47
to your holy name
Here Yahweh is referred to by his "holy name." Alternate Translation: "to you"
Psa 107:2
from the hand of the enemy
Here "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "from the power of the enemy"
Psa 107:42
all wickedness
Here wicked people are referred to as "wickedness." Alternate Translation: "all wicked people"
Psa 108:5
may your glory be exalted
Here Yahweh is referred to by his "glory." Alternate Translation: "may you be exalted"
Psa 108:6
with your right hand
Here Yahweh's "right hand" refers to his power. Alternate Translation: "by your power"
Psa 108:6
answer me
Answering here represents responding to his request. Alternate Translation: "respond to my request" or "answer my prayer"
Psa 109:15
may Yahweh cut off their memory from the earth
David uses the word "earth" to refer to all the people that live on the earth. Also, the phrase "their memory" refers to people remembering them after they have died. Alternate Translation: "may Yahweh make it so that no one on earth remembers them"
Psa 110:5
He will kill
The word "He" refers to Yahweh. He will cause the kings to be defeated and die, but he will allow the king's armies to kill the enemy kings. Alternate Translation: "He will cause the kings to die" or "He will allow your armies to kill the kings"
Psa 110:6
he will fill the battlegrounds with dead bodies
This means that Yahweh will cause this to happen, not that he will personally kill all of the people who die on the battleground. Alternate Translation: "he will cause the battlegrounds to be filled with death bodies"
Psa 110:6
he will kill the leaders in many countries
This means that Yahweh will cause this to happen, not that he will personally kill the leaders. Alternate Translation: "he will cause the leaders in many countries to be killed" or "he will allow the leaders in many countries to die"
Psa 111:1
with my whole heart
Here the word "heart" represents the person's entire inner being and emotions. Alternate Translation: "with all that I am"
Psa 111:9
holy and awesome is his name
Here the word "name" refers to Yahweh, himself. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh is holy and awesome"
Psa 112:3
Wealth and riches are in his house
Here the word "house" represents the family. The words "Wealth" and "riches" mean basically the same thing and indicate an abundance of wealth. Alternate Translation: "His family is very wealthy"
Psa 112:10
the desire of the wicked people will perish
Possible meanings of "desire" are 1) the emotional desire that wicked people have. Alternate Translation: "the things that wicked people want to do will never happen" or 2) it is a metonym for the things that wicked people have desired. Alternate Translation: "wicked people will lose the things that they desired"
Psa 113:1
the name of Yahweh
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh, himself. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh"
Psa 113:3
Yahweh's name should be praised
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh, himself. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "people should praise Yahweh"
Psa 113:9
He gives a home to the barren woman of the house
Here "home" refers to the children that live in a home. Alternate Translation: "He gives children to the woman who had none"
Psa 114:1
the house of Jacob from a people who spoke a foreign language
The word "house" here represents the family or descendents. The verb may be supplied to this phrase. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Jacob left people who spoke a language that the descendants of Jacob did not understand"
Psa 114:2
Judah became his holy place, Israel his kingdom
Possible meanings for "Judah" and "Israel" are 1) they refer to the land. Alternate Translation: "The land of Judah became Yahweh's holy place, the land of Israel became his kingdom" or 2) they are metonyms for the people of Judah and Israel. Alternate Translation: "The people of Judah became those among whom Yahweh lived, the people of Israel became those over whom he ruled"
Psa 115:1
but to your name bring honor
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh, himself. Alternate Translation: "but bring honor to yourself"
Psa 115:9
Israel, trust in Yahweh
The word "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "People of Israel, trust in Yahweh"
Psa 115:10
House of Aaron
Here the word "House" represents the family or descendants. This phrase refers to the priests, who were descendants of Aaron. Alternate Translation: "Descendants of Aaron" or "Priests"
Psa 115:12
the family of Israel
This refers to the people of Israel, who are descendants of Jacob, who also called Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Psa 115:12
the family of Aaron
This refers to the priests, who are descendants of Aaron. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Aaron" or "the priests"
Psa 116:4
called on the name of Yahweh
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "called out to Yahweh"
Psa 116:8
you rescued my life from death
Here the word "you" refers to Yahweh. The word "life" represents the person. Alternate Translation: "you have saved me from death" or "you have kept me from dying"
Psa 116:13
call on the name of Yahweh
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "call on Yahweh"
Psa 116:17
will call on the name of Yahweh
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "will call on Yahweh"
Psa 116:19
in the courts of Yahweh's house
The word "house" refers to Yahweh's temple. Alternate Translation: "in the courtyards of Yahweh's temple"
Psa 118:2
Let Israel say
The word "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Let the people of Israel say"
Psa 118:3
Let the house of Aaron say
Here the word "house" represents the family and descendants of a person. This phrase refers to the priests, who were descendants of Aaron. Alternate Translation: "Let the descendants of Aaron say" or "Let the priests say"
Psa 118:10
All the nations
Here the word "nations" represents the armies of those nations. The writer uses hyperbole to emphasize the great number of armies that surrounded him. Alternate Translation: "The armies of many nations"
Psa 118:10
in Yahweh's name
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "by Yahweh's power"
Psa 118:15
the right hand of Yahweh conquers
Here the word "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has conquered by his great strength"
Psa 118:26
he who comes in the name of Yahweh
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "the one who comes in the power of the Yahweh"
Psa 118:26
the house of Yahweh
The word "house" refers to the temple. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh's temple"
Psa 119:55
I think about your name
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "I think about you, Yahweh"
Psa 119:67
I observe your word
Here "word" represents commandments. Alternate Translation: "I obey your commandments"
Psa 119:69
with my whole heart
Here "heart" represents a person's will. Alternate Translation: "with complete commitment" or "completely"
Psa 119:70
Their hearts are hardened
Here "hearts" represents the people's wills. A person being stubborn is spoken of as if their hearts or wills were hard like a rock. Alternate Translation: "They are stubborn"
Psa 119:72
Instruction from your mouth is
Here "mouth" represents what God says. Alternate Translation: "The instructions you have spoken are" or "Your instructions are"
Psa 119:73
Your hands
Here "hands" represents God's power or action. Alternate Translation: "You"
Psa 119:80
May my heart be blameless
Here "heart" represents a person's thoughts and motives. Alternate Translation: "May I be blameless"
Psa 119:112
My heart is set on obeying
Here "heart" represents the writer's will. The phrase "heart is set" is an idiom. It is a way of saying the writer is determined. Alternate Translation: "I am determined to obey"
Psa 119:132
love your name
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "love you"
Psa 119:163
falsehood
Possible meanings are this is a metonym for 1) "people who lie" or 2) "the false words that people say."
Psa 120:2
Rescue my life
Here the word "life" represents the person. Alternate Translation: "Rescue me"
Psa 120:5
the tents of Kedar
This phrase represents the people of Kedar who live in those tents. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in Kedar"
Psa 121:1
lift up my eyes
This expression means "look at" or "focus my attention on."
Psa 121:3
your foot to slip
The slipping of a foot is associated with falling. Alternate Translation: "you to fall"
Psa 121:3
he who protects you will not slumber
Here to "slumber" means he would stop protecting. The negative form strengthens the statement. Alternate Translation: "God will not fall asleep and stop protecting you" or "God will always protect you"
Psa 121:5
Yahweh is the shade at your right hand
Here "shade" refers to protection. Alternate Translation: "God is beside you to protect you from things that would hurt you"
Psa 121:7
your life
This refers to the writer. Alternate Translation: "you"
Psa 122:4
the name of Yahweh
Here "name" refers to Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh"
Psa 122:5
the house of David
Here "house" refers to the descendants of David. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of David"
Psa 123:1
I lift up my eyes
Here the author refers to his eyes because that is the part of the body used for seeing. Alternate Translation: "I look to you"
Psa 123:2
master's hand ... mistress's hand
Here "hand" refers to the provision for needs. Alternate Translation: "master's provision ... mistress's provision"
Psa 124:3
their anger raged against us
Here "their anger" refers to the enemies who were angry. Alternate Translation: "they were very angry with us"
Psa 125:3
The scepter of wickedness
Here the scepter of wickedness represents the rule of wicked people. Alternate Translation: "Wicked people" or "Wicked rulers"
Psa 125:4
are upright in their hearts
Here, "hearts" refers to their desires. Alternate Translation: "desire to do the right"
Psa 130:3
who could stand
Stand often represents escaping or surviving when someone attacks. In this case, it would be to escape from being being punished. Alternate Translation: "no one could escape from your punishment" or "no one could survive your punishment"
Psa 130:6
My soul waits
The psalmist is spoken of as if he were waiting on something with expectation. Alternate Translation: "I hope" or "I trust" or "I desire for something"
Psa 131:2
my soul within me
The soul represents the person or his emotions. Alternate Translation: "I"
Psa 132:5
until I find a place for Yahweh
Building a place for Yahweh is spoken of as finding a place for him. Alternate Translation: "until I build a place for Yahweh"
Psa 132:13
he has desired her for his seat
Here "seat" represents either 1) his throne where he would rule, or 2) the place where he would stay.
Psa 132:18
his crown will shine
The crown represents his rule, and greatness is spoken of as shining. Alternate Translation: "he will be a great king" or "his greatness will shine"
Psa 135:1
Praise the name of Yahweh
Yahweh's name represents him. "Praise Yahweh" or "Praise him"
Psa 135:2
stand in Yahweh's house
This represents serving Yahweh in his temple.
Psa 135:4
Yahweh has chosen Jacob
Jacob here refers to his descendants, the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has chosen Jacob's descendants"
Psa 135:13
Your name
His name here represents his fame or reputation. Alternate Translation: "Your fame" or "Your reputation"
Psa 135:21
he who lives in Jerusalem
God is spoken of as if he lived in Jerusalem because the temple where the Israelites worshiped him was there. Alternate Translation: "he whose temple is in Jerusalem"
Psa 136:15
Pharaoh
That is, the army of Pharaoh.
Psa 137:2
On the poplars there
Poplar trees do not grow in Israel. "Poplars" may here stand for all the trees in Babylon. Alternate Translation: "On the trees in Babylon"
Psa 137:7
Call to mind, Yahweh, what the Edomites did
Here remembering what the Edomites did represents punishing them for what they did. Alternate Translation: "Punish the Edomites, Yahweh, for what they did"
Psa 137:8
Daughter of Babylon
This represents the city of Babylon and its people.
Psa 138:1
I will give you thanks with my whole heart
The heart here represents the emotions. Doing something sincerely or completely is spoken of as doing it with all one's heart. Alternate Translation: "I will sincerely thank you"
Psa 138:2
give thanks to your name
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "give thanks to you"
Psa 138:2
your name
Possible meanings are 1) "yourself" or 2) "your fame."
Psa 139:14
My soul knows this very well
Here "soul" probably refers to the psalmist's innermost ability to be certain about God's love and guidance. The translator may, however, treat "soul" here as metonymy for the psalmist's mind and heart. Alternate Translation: "I know this with all my heart"
Psa 140:6
listen to my cries
This is a call for help. Alternate Translation: "listen to me as I call to you now for help"
Psa 140:13
to your name
This represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "to you"
Psa 141:2
my prayer
The psalmist wants Yahweh to be pleased with him because he is praying and because of the words of his prayer.
Psa 141:5
my prayer is always against their wicked deeds
The words "wicked deeds" are a metonym for the people who do the wicked deeds. Alternate Translation: "I always pray that Yahweh will stop wicked people from doing evil deeds"
Psa 142:4
my life
This is a metonym for "me."
Psa 142:5
called out to you
This is a call for help. Alternate Translation: "called to you now for help"
Psa 142:6
Listen to my call
This is a call for help. See how you translated this in [Psalms 5:1](../005/001.md). Alternate Translation: "Listen to me as I call to you now for help"
Psa 142:7
give thanks to your name
The word "name" is a metonym for the person. See how you translated this in [Psalms 5:11](../005/011.md). Alternate Translation: "give thanks to you"
Psa 143:1
Hear my prayer
The words "my prayer" are a metonym for the person who is praying. See how these words are translated in [Psalms 39:12](../039/012.md). Alternate Translation: "Listen to me as I pray to you" or "Be willing to do what I ask you to do"
Psa 143:6
spread my hands out to you
What one does with one's body here is a metonym for the purpose of doing so. The Israelites would commonly pray while standing with their hands raised and spread out at their sides. Alternate Translation: "pray to you with my hands lifted up at my sides"
Psa 143:11
for your name's sake
Yahweh's name represents his reputation and character. Alternate Translation: "because of who you are"
Psa 143:12
the enemies of my life
the enemies of my soul. My "life" may be understood as representing the speaker. Alternate Translation: "my enemies"
Psa 144:7
from the hand of foreigners
Here "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "from the power of foreigners"
Psa 144:10
from an evil sword
David speaks of evil people as if they were the swords they use as weapons. Alternate Translation: "from evil people who were trying to kill him"
Psa 144:11
from the hand of foreigners
Here "hand" refers to power. See how you translated these words in [Psalms 144:7-8](./007.md). Alternate Translation: "from the power of foreigners"
Psa 144:14
no outcry
Here the outcry is associated with a severe problem that causes the person to cry out. Alternate Translation: "no one crying in pain" or "no one crying for help" or "no one calling out for justice"
Psa 145:1
bless your name
The word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. See how "may his glorious name be blessed" is translated in [Psalms 72:19](../072/019.md). Alternate Translation: "bless you" or "do what makes you happy"
Psa 145:2
praise your name
The word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "praise you" or "tell people how great you are"
Psa 145:21
let all mankind bless his holy name
The word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. See how "may his glorious name be blessed" is translated in [Psalms 72:19](../072/019.md). Alternate Translation: "let all people bless him" or "let all people do what makes him happy"
Psa 146:1
Praise Yahweh, my soul
Here "soul" represents the writer's inner being. The writer is commanding his inner being to praise Yahweh. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate Translation: "I will praise Yahweh with all my soul" or "I give praise to Yahweh with all my life"
Psa 146:10
your God, Zion
Here "Zion" represents all the people of Israel. The writer is speaking to the people of Israel as if they were there listening to him. Alternate Translation: "your God, people of Israel"
Psa 147:10
the strong legs of a man
Possible meanings are 1) "strong legs" is a metonym that represents how swiftly a man can run. Alternate Translation: "men who can run swiftly" or 2) "strong legs" represents the strength of the whole man. Alternate Translation: "how strong a man is"
Psa 148:5
Let them praise the name of Yahweh
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "Let them praise Yahweh"
Psa 148:7
all ocean depths
This phrase represents every creature that lives in the depths of the oceans. Alternate Translation: "all creatures in the ocean depths"
Psa 148:11
all nations
The word "nations" represents the people who live in those nations. Alternate Translation: "people of every nation"
Psa 148:13
the name of Yahweh, for his name alone
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh, for he alone"
Psa 149:3
praise his name
The word "name" is a metonym for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "praise him" or "tell people how great he is"
Psa 149:7
the nations
The phrase "the nations" is a metonym for the people who live in the nations. Alternate Translation: "the people of the nations"
Pro 1:14
we will all have one purse together
Here "purse" represents everything that they steal. Alternate Translation: "we will equally share everything that we steal"
Pro 1:16
to shed blood
Here "blood" represents a person's life. To "shed blood" means to murder someone.
Pro 1:18
their own blood
Here "blood" is a metonym for a violent death. Alternate Translation: "to kill themselves violently"
Pro 1:18
they set an ambush for their own lives
Here "their own lives" is a metonym for themselves. Alternate Translation: "it is as if they are the ones who are waiting to suddenly attack and kill them"
Pro 2:2
incline your heart to understanding
Here "heart" represents a person's mind. The phrase "incline your heart" is an idiom that means to commit or fully dedicate one's mind to a task. Alternate Translation: "try hard to understand what is wise" or "fully dedicate yourself to understanding wise teachings"
Pro 2:10
wisdom will come into your heart
Here "heart" represents a person's inner being. A person becoming wise is spoken of as if wisdom would enter into a person's heart. Alternate Translation: "you will gain much wisdom" or "you will learn how to be truly wise"
Pro 2:18
to those in the grave
This refers to the spirits of dead people and is a metonym for the place of the dead. Alternate Translation: "to the grave"
Pro 3:3
write them on the tablet of your heart
Here the heart represents a person's mind. The mind is spoken of as if it were a tablet upon which someone can write messages and commands. Alternate Translation: "always remember them, as if you had written them permanently on a tablet"
Pro 3:5
all your heart
Here the word "heart" represents the inner person. Alternate Translation: "your whole being"
Pro 3:33
he blesses the home of righteous people
The word "home" represents the family. Alternate Translation: "he blesses the families of righteous people"
Pro 4:4
Let your heart hold fast to my words
Here the word "heart" represents the person's mind. The writer speaks of remembering words as if the heart were holding on tightly to them. Alternate Translation: "Always remember what I am teaching you"
Pro 4:13
for it is your life
The writer speaks of discipline preserving a person's life as if it were that person's life. Alternate Translation: "for it will preserve your life"
Pro 4:22
my words are life
The writer speaks of his words preserving a person's life as if they were that person's life. Alternate Translation: "my words give life" or "the things I say give life"
Pro 4:23
Keep your heart safe and guard it
Here the word "heart" represents a person's mind and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "Keep your mind safe and guard your thoughts"
Pro 4:23
from it flow the springs of life
The word "it" refers to the heart, which is a metonym for the mind and thoughts. The writer speaks of a person's life as if it were a flowing spring that originates from the heart. Alternate Translation: "from your thoughts comes everything you say and do" or "your thoughts determine your course of life"
Pro 5:3
the lips of an adulteress drip with honey
Possible meanings are 1) the word "lips" represents the words of the adulteress and the writer speaks of the attractiveness of her words as if her lips dripped with honey. Alternate Translation: "the words of an adulteress are sweet, as if dripping with honey" or 2) the writer speaks of the allure of kissing the adulteress as if her lips dripped with honey. Alternate Translation: "the kisses of an adulteress are sweet, as if her lips dripped with honey"
Pro 5:3
her mouth is smoother than oil
Possible meanings are 1) the word "mouth" represents the speech of the adulteress and the writer speaks of the persuasiveness of her speech as if her mouth were smoother than olive oil. Alternate Translation: "her speech is persuasive and smoother than olive oil" or 2) the writer speaks of the pleasure of kissing the adulteress as if her mouth were smoother than oil. Alternate Translation: "her kisses are smoother than olive oil"
Pro 5:8
Keep your path far away from her
Here the word "path" represents the person's daily conduct and circumstances. Alternate Translation: "Keep yourself far away from her" or "Stay away from her"
Pro 5:10
what you have worked for will not go into the house of strangers
Here the word "house" represents the person's family. Alternate Translation: "the things that you have obtained will not end up belonging to the families of strangers"
Pro 6:5
from the hand of the hunter
The hand of the hunter refers to the hunter's control. Alternate Translation: "from the control of the hunter"
Pro 6:6
consider her ways
This is a figure of speech using the "ways" of an ant to refer to the behavior of the ant. Alternate Translation: "consider how the ant behaves"
Pro 6:10
folding of the hands to rest
People often fold their hands while reclining in order to rest more comfortably. Alternate Translation: "I will just cross my arms comfortably and rest a little"
Pro 6:25
in your heart
Here "heart" represents the mind. Alternate Translation: "in your thoughts"
Pro 6:25
her beauty
what is beautiful about her. This can also be a metonym for the woman. Alternate Translation: "her"
Pro 6:27
his clothes
His clothes stand for him as a whole person.
Pro 6:33
his disgrace
This figure of speech is using the term "disgrace" to refer to the feeling of him acting shamefully. Alternate Translation: "the memory of his shameful act"
Pro 7:14
I paid my vows
Here "vows" represents what the person promised to sacrifice to God. Alternate Translation: "I made the sacrifices I promised to God"
Pro 7:21
smooth lips
Here "lips" represents what a person says. When a person flatters someone else by saying things that are not sincere, these words are spoken of as if they were a smooth object. Alternate Translation: "flattering, deceiving words"
Pro 7:26
She has caused many people to fall down pierced
Being pierced by spears or arrows represents being killed. Alternate Translation: "She has caused many people to fall dead"
Pro 8:4
my voice is for the sons of mankind
Here "voice" represents the words that are spoken. Alternate Translation: "my words are for the sons of mankind"
Pro 8:4
the sons of mankind
This is metonymy representing all human beings. Alternate Translation: "all people"
Pro 8:9
my words are upright for those who find knowledge
This probably means that those who find knowledge will easily understand that the speaker's words are upright. Here "words" represent a message or teaching. Alternate Translation: "those who know what is right and what is wrong consider what I teach to be right"
Pro 8:36
his own life
Here "life" represents the person's self.
Pro 9:2
She has slaughtered her animals
This refers to animals whose meat will be eaten in the dinner that Wisdom will give. Alternate Translation: "She has killed the animals for meat at dinner"
Pro 10:4
A lazy hand
Hand represents the strength and ability of a person. Alternate Translation: "A person unwilling to work"
Pro 10:4
hand of the diligent
Hand represents the strength and ability of a person. Alternate Translation: "person who works hard"
Pro 10:6
mouth of the wicked
The "mouth" represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "words the wicked speak"
Pro 10:7
name
The word "name" represents a person's reputation. Alternate Translation: "memory"
Pro 10:11
The mouth of the righteous
Here "mouth" represents what a persons says. Alternate Translation: "The speech of a righteous person"
Pro 10:11
the mouth of the wicked
Here "mouth" represents what a persons says. Alternate Translation: "the speech of a wicked person"
Pro 10:13
on the lips of a discerning person
Lips represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "in what a sensible person says"
Pro 10:13
a rod is for the back
Rod represents strong, physical punishment and "the back" represents the person who receives the punishment. Alternate Translation: "a person who has no sense needs forceful punishment"
Pro 10:14
the mouth of a fool
Mouth represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "the words from a foolish person"
Pro 10:18
has lying lips
Lips represent what a person says. Alternate Translation: "tells lies"
Pro 10:20
The tongue of the righteous person
Tongue represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "Whatever a righteous person says"
Pro 10:21
The lips of the righteous
Lips represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "The sayings of a righteous man"
Pro 10:31
Out of the mouth of the righteous person
Mouth represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "From the righteous man's words"
Pro 10:31
the perverse tongue will be cut out
Tongue represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "God will shut the mouths of people who say what is false"
Pro 10:32
lips of the righteous person know what is acceptable
Lips represent what a person says. Alternate Translation: "righteous person knows how to speak acceptably"
Pro 10:32
mouth of the wicked
Mouth represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "the words of the wicked"
Pro 11:9
With his mouth the godless
Mouth represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "The words of the godless"
Pro 11:11
the city becomes great
City represents the community or people group. Alternate Translation: "the people group prospers" or "the community becomes prosperous"
Pro 11:11
by the mouth of the wicked
Mouth represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "the words of evil people"
Pro 11:20
whose hearts are perverse
Heart represents the feelings, attitudes and motivations of a person. Alternate Translation: "who have wicked thoughts"
Pro 12:7
house
The term "house" is often used figuratively in the Bible to refer to a person's ancestors, descendants or other relatives. Alternate Translation: "family" or "descendants"
Pro 12:13
An evil person is trapped by his wicked talk
Trapped represents being caught in a snare or being tricked. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The wicked things an evil person says will trap him"
Pro 12:14
just as the work of his hands rewards him
The phrase, "the work of his hands" represents work done by physical labor. Alternate Translation: "just as the good work he does rewards him"
Pro 12:18
the tongue of the wise
Tongue represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "what wise people say"
Pro 12:19
Truthful lips last forever
Lips represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "A truthful person endures forever"
Pro 12:19
a lying tongue is only for a moment
Tongue represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "the one who lies lasts only for a moment"
Pro 12:22
Yahweh hates lying lips
Lips represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh detests those who tell lies"
Pro 12:24
The hand of the diligent
Hand represents what a person does -- his works. Alternate Translation: "Diligent people"
Pro 12:24
will be put to forced labor
Forced labor describes what a person must do who is not free to do what he wants. Alternate Translation: "will become a slave"
Pro 13:1
A wise son hears
Here "hears" represents listening in order to do it. Alternate Translation: "A wise son obeys"
Pro 13:1
will not listen to rebuke
Here "listen" represents paying attention in order to do it. Alternate Translation: "will not learn from rebuke" or "will not obey, despite rebuke"
Pro 13:2
From the fruit of his mouth
Here "fruit" represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "From the words of his mouth" or "From what he says"
Pro 13:3
his mouth
Here "mouth" represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "what he says"
Pro 13:6
who are faultless in their path
Here "path" represents how a person directs his life. Alternate Translation: "who are faultless in their way of living" or "who live lives of integrity"
Pro 13:11
working with his hand
The phrase "working with his hand" refers to physical work instead of only mental or other types of work. Many people give physical work a low value. Alternate Translation: "working with physical strength"
Pro 13:12
When hope is postponed
Here "hope" represents the thing a person hopes for. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "When a person hopes for something but does not receive it for a very long time"
Pro 13:25
the stomach of the wicked is always hungry
Here "stomach" represents the desires of a person. Alternate Translation: "the wicked person is always hungry for more"
Pro 14:3
the mouth of ... the lips of
The mouth and the lips both refer to what a person says.
Pro 14:4
by the strength of an ox
Strength represents the strong work an ox can do. Alternate Translation: "because of the work an ox does"
Pro 14:7
on his lips
The word "lips" represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "from his speech" or "with his comments"
Pro 14:8
his own way
The word "way" represents the conduct of life of a person. Alternate Translation: "his conduct" or "how he lives"
Pro 14:11
the tent
The word "tent" represents everything that happens within it. Alternate Translation: "the household"
Pro 14:18
inherit foolishness
Here "inherit" represents having permanent possession of something.
Pro 14:19
at the gates of the righteous
The word "gates" represents an entrance to meet with another. This means the wicked will have to wait for the righteous person and beg to enter his presence. Alternate Translation: "to meet with the righteous person"
Pro 15:4
A healing tongue is a tree of life
The word "tongue" refers to speech. The writer speaks of the words of a person who says things that help and encourage others as if they were a tree that provides life-giving nourishment. Alternate Translation: "Kind words are like a tree that gives life"
Pro 15:4
a deceitful tongue crushes the spirit
The phrase "a deceitful tongue" refers to speech that is deceitful or hurtful. The writer speaks of a person being hurt or in despair as if that person's spirit were an object that words have crushed. Alternate Translation: "deceitful speech causes a person to despair"
Pro 15:11
the hearts of the sons of mankind
Here the word "hearts" represents the thoughts and motivations. The phrase "the sons of mankind" is an idiom for humanity. Alternate Translation: "the thoughts of humans"
Pro 15:14
The heart of the discerning
Here the word "heart" represents the mind and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "The mind of the discerning person" or "The discerning person"
Pro 15:17
a meal with vegetables
The vegetables represent a small meal with very little food. Alternate Translation: "a small meal" or "very little food"
Pro 15:17
a fatted calf
This refers to a calf that has been fed a lot of food so that it will become fat. Here it represents a delicious meal or a feast. Alternate Translation: "a luxurious meal" or "a feast"
Pro 15:28
The heart of the righteous person ponders before it answers
Here the word "heart" is a metonym for the mind and thoughts. This represents the person who thinks. Alternate Translation: "The person who does right ponders what to say before he answers"
Pro 16:1
The plans of the heart belong to a person
Here the word "heart" represents the person's mind and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "A person makes plans in his mind"
Pro 16:2
Yahweh weighs the spirits
Here the word "spirits" represents people's desires and motives. The writer speaks of Yahweh discerning and judging a person's desires and motives as if he were weighing that person's spirit. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh judges the person's motives"
Pro 16:9
In his heart a person plans out his way
Here the word "heart" represents the mind and thoughts. The writer speaks of a person's actions as if the person were walking on a path. Alternate Translation: "A person plans in his mind what he will do"
Pro 16:10
Insightful decisions are on the lips of a king
Here the word "lips" is a metonym for what the king says. Alternate Translation: "What a king says are insightful decisions"
Pro 16:12
for a throne is established by doing what is right
Here the word "throne" represents the king's rule. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "for the king establishes his reign by doing what is right"
Pro 16:18
a haughty spirit
Here the word "spirit" represents the person's attitude and temperament. Alternate Translation: "an arrogant attitude"
Pro 16:21
The one who is wise in heart
Here the heart represents the mind and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "The one who is wise" or "The one who is wise in his thinking"
Pro 16:23
The heart of a wise person gives
Here the word "heart" represents the mind and thoughts. Alternate Translation: "The thoughts of a wise person gives"
Pro 16:23
gives insight to his mouth
Here the word "mouth" is a metonym for speech. Alternate Translation: "makes his speech wise"
Pro 16:23
to his lips
Here the word "lips" is a metonym for speech. Alternate Translation: "to what he says"
Pro 16:24
sweet to the soul
Possible meanings for the word "soul" are 1) it represents a person's inward desires and pleasures. Alternate Translation: "sweet enough to make a person happy" or 2) it can mean "throat" and is a metonym for a person's tongue and ability to taste. Alternate Translation: "sweet to a person's taste"
Pro 16:25
There is a way that seems right to a man
The writer speaks of a person's conduct or behavior as if it were a road on which the person is traveling. Alternate Translation: "A person thinks that the way he is living is right"
Pro 17:1
to have quiet
Here "quiet" refers to "peace." Alternate Translation: "to have peace"
Pro 17:20
who has a crooked heart
The "heart" represents a person's feelings, attitudes and motivations. Alternate Translation: "who is deceptive" or "who is dishonest"
Pro 17:20
has a perverse tongue
The "tongue" represents a person's speech. Alternate Translation: "speaks perversely" or "speaks wickedly"
Pro 17:22
A cheerful heart
The "heart" represents a person's feelings, attitudes and motivations. Alternate Translation: "Being cheerful"
Pro 17:22
a broken spirit
Here the "spirit" represents a person's feelings and emotional state. A broken spirit refers to a poor emotional state. Alternate Translation: "depression"
Pro 17:22
dries up the bones
A person's bones represent their physical health and strength. If a person's bones dry up it means that they are very sick and unhealthy. Alternate Translation: "makes a person unhealthy and weak"
Pro 18:2
what is in his own heart
The contents of a person's heart refers to the person's thoughts and feelings. Alternate Translation: "what he thinks"
Pro 18:6
his mouth
Here what the fool says is referred to as his "mouth." Alternate Translation: "what he says"
Pro 18:7
A fool's mouth ... with his lips
Both of these phrases refer to what a fool says. Alternate Translation: "What a fool says ... by what he says"
Pro 18:10
The name of Yahweh
Here Yahweh is referred to by his name. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh"
Pro 18:15
the hearing of the wise seeks it out
Here the wise person is referred to by his hearing to emphasize what he desires to listen to. Alternate Translation: "the wise seeks to learn about it"
Pro 18:20
the harvest of his lips
This speaks of the good things that a person says as if they were fruit that is harvested. Alternate Translation: "his wise speech" or "his good words"
Pro 18:21
by the tongue ... love the tongue
Here the "tongue" refers to speech. Alternate Translation: "by what people say ... love speaking"
Pro 19:8
loves his own life
Here the person is referred to by his "life" to emphasize himself being alive. Alternate Translation: "loves himself"
Pro 19:21
in a person's heart
Here the "heart" is used to refer to the "mind" to emphasize a person's desire. Alternate Translation: "in a person's mind" or "that a person desires"
Pro 19:27
If you cease to hear instruction
Here "listening and obeying" is spoken of as if it were "hearing." Alternate Translation: "If you stop paying attention to instruction" or "If you stop obeying instruction"
Pro 20:1
Wine is a mocker
Here "wine" refers to the person who is drunk with wine. Alternate Translation: "A person who is drunk with wine mocks"
Pro 20:1
strong drink is a brawler
Here "strong drink" refers to a person who is drunk with strong drink. Alternate Translation: "a person who is drunk with strong drink starts fights"
Pro 20:9
my heart
Here a person's "heart" refers to his thoughts and desires. Alternate Translation: "my thoughts"
Pro 20:13
open your eyes
Here "opening one's eyes" is spoken of as "being awake." Alternate Translation: "stay awake" or "be alert"
Pro 20:15
lips of knowledge
Here "words" are referred to as "lips." Alternate Translation: "wise words" or "words of knowledge"
Pro 20:17
Bread
Here "bread" refers to food in general. Alternate Translation: "Food"
Pro 20:28
his throne is made secure by love
Here "throne" represents the king's power to rule. The abstract noun "love" can be stated as a verb. Also, this can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "a king ensures that he will rule for a long time by loving others"
Pro 21:1
The king's heart
The heart is a metaphor for what a person thinks and what he wants to do. Alternate Translation: "The king's thoughts and actions" or "What the king thinks and what he wants to do"
Pro 21:6
a lying tongue
The tongue is a metonym for the words a person uses the tongue to speak. Alternate Translation: "speaking lies"
Pro 21:13
he will not be answered
The word "answered" is a metonym for a person hearing another person ask for help and acting to help. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "no one will do anything to help him"
Pro 21:24
Mocker is his name
The word "name" is a metonym for what people would call him. Alternate Translation: "a mocker is what you should call him"
Pro 22:8
the rod of his fury will fade away
The word "rod" is a metonym for power over other people. Possible meanings are 1) the unjust ruler will lose the power that he had that allowed him to treat other people unjustly or 2) when the people respond to the injustice he had done by harming him, he will have no power to stop them. Alternate Translation: "he will no longer have the power that he had used to harm people"
Pro 22:8
rod of his fury
The word "rod" is a metonym for power over other people. The unjust man was harming innocent people as if he were very angry with them. Alternate Translation: "the rod he had used as if he were punishing people" or "the power he used to harm others"
Pro 22:9
one who has a generous eye
The eye is a metonym for seeing what other people need, and the "generous eye" not only sees but gives what the other people need. The eye is also a synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate Translation: "generous person" or "person who is willing to give things to other people"
Pro 22:9
bread
Since bread was the main food for many people in biblical times, it is often used to refer to food in general.
Pro 22:12
keep watch over knowledge
Keeping watch is s metonym for protecting. Alternate Translation: "protect knowledge"
Pro 22:14
The mouth of an adulteress is a deep pit
The word "mouth" is a metonym for the words that come out of the mouth. The writer speaks of a person being unable to escape having people punish him for evil deeds as if that person had fallen into a hole someone had dug in the ground from which he could not escape. Alternate Translation: "The words spoken by an adulteress will draw you in, and it will be as if you have fallen into a deep and dangerous pit"
Pro 22:15
the rod of discipline
The writer speaks of a parent using any form of discipline as if that parent were hitting the child with a wooden rod.
Pro 22:18
all of them are ready on your lips
The person being ready to speak is spoken of as if it were the words that were ready. Alternate Translation: "you are able to speak of them at any time"
Pro 22:22
at the gate
The place where people bought and sold items and settled legal arguments is used as a metonym for business and legal activity. Alternate Translation: "in court"
Pro 22:25
bait for your soul
The soul is a metonym for the person's life. Alternate Translation: "bait that someone has put out so he can kill you"
Pro 22:29
stand before
This represents becoming a servant of the important person. Kings and other important people will think so highly of him that they will use his services.
Pro 23:14
save his soul from Sheol
If the hearer beats his children with the rod, they will not die young because they have done foolish or evil things. The word "soul" is a metonym for the person. Sheol is the world of the dead; going to the world of the dead is a euphemism for dying. Alternate Translation: "you will keep him from the world of the dead" or "you will keep him from dying"
Pro 23:26
give me your heart
The word "heart" is a metonym for what a person thinks and decides to do. Possible meanings are 1) "pay careful attention" or 2) "trust me completely."
Pro 24:3
it is established
The word "established" means made stable and strong. The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, and the house being physically stable and strong is a metaphor for a family that lives in peace.
Pro 24:7
open his mouth
The mouth is a metonym for the words that come from the mouth. Alternate Translation: "speak"
Pro 24:12
weighs the heart
The word "heart" is a metonym for what a person thinks and desires. The writer speaks as if what a person thinks and desires were a physical object that a person could weigh, and weighing an object is a metaphor for looking closely at something to see how good it is. Alternate Translation: "knows how good what people really think and desire is"
Pro 24:28
with your lips
The lips are a metonym for the words a person speaks. Alternate Translation: "by what you say"
Pro 25:5
his throne will be established by doing
The throne is a metonym for the power to rule. These words can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the king will establish his throne by doing" or "he will have the power to rule because he does"
Pro 26:6
Whoever sends a message by the hand of a fool
Here the hand represents the fool's responsibility to deliver the message. Alternate Translation: "Whoever sends a fool to deliver a message"
Pro 26:7
in the mouth of fools
Here "mouth" is a metonym for speaking. Alternate Translation: "in the speech of fools" or "that fools say"
Pro 26:9
in the mouth of fools
Here "mouth" is a metonym for speaking. Alternate Translation: "in the speech of fools" or "that fools say"
Pro 26:23
an evil heart
The heart represents a person's thoughts, attitudes, desires, or feelings. Alternate Translation: "evil thoughts" or "evil desires"
Pro 27:6
Faithful are the wounds caused by a friend
The trustworthiness of a friend's rebuke is spoken of as if the sadness that his rebuke causes is trustworthy. Alternate Translation: "Though it causes sadness, a friend's rebuke is trustworthy"
Pro 27:9
make the heart rejoice
Here "the heart" represents the feelings or emotions of a person. Alternate Translation: "make a person feel joyful" or "make a person glad"
Pro 27:11
make my heart rejoice
Here the "heart" represents the person's feelings or emotions. Alternate Translation: "make me feel joyful" or "make me glad"
Pro 27:19
a person's heart
Here this means a person's thoughts. Alternate Translation: "what a person thinks"
Pro 27:20
a man's eyes
Here the "eyes" represent a man's desires. Alternate Translation: "a man's desires"
Pro 27:24
a crown
Here "crown" is a metonym for a king's rule over his kingdom. Alternate Translation: "a king's rule"
Pro 28:2
the transgression of a land
This is a metonym for the sins of the people living in a land. Alternate Translation: "the transgression of the people of a land"
Pro 28:17
he has shed someone's blood
Here "blood" represents a person's life. To "shed blood" means to murder someone. Alternate Translation: "he has killed someone" or "he has murdered someone"
Pro 28:23
flatters him with his tongue
The tongue here represents speaking. Alternate Translation: "flatters him with words"
Pro 28:27
closes his eyes to
Closing the eyes represents not responding to the needs of the poor. Alternate Translation: "ignores" or "chooses not to help"
Pro 29:2
the people sigh
The people let out long, loud breaths that show that they are weary and sad. Alternate Translation: "the people will be weary and sad"
Pro 29:8
set a city on fire
Here the word "city" represents the people who live in the city. Mockers causing the people to experience turmoil and possibly to become violent is spoken of as if they set the city on fire. Alternate Translation: "create turmoil for the people of a city"
Pro 29:14
his throne
The throne is a metonym for the kingdom he rules from his throne. Alternate Translation: "his kingdom"
Pro 29:15
The rod
Parents in Israel used wooden rods as instruments to discipline children by striking them. Alternate Translation: "discipline"
Pro 29:26
Many are those who seek the face of the ruler
The word "face" is a metonym for the ruler listening to people telling him what they want him to do and then doing it. Alternate Translation: "Many people want their ruler to pay attention to them"
Pro 30:13
eyes are raised up ... their eyelids lifted up
This describes people who think that they are better than other people. Their eyes show that they are proud, and the way they look at others shows that they think they are better than those other people.
Pro 31:8
for the causes of all who are perishing
The cause represents the person whose cause it is. Alternate Translation: "so that people will treat all who are perishing justly"
Pro 31:20
reaches out with her hand to poor
The hand is a metonym for the help the woman uses her hand to give. Alternate Translation: "helps poor"
Pro 31:21
are clothed in scarlet
Here "scarlet" does not refer to the color of the cloth, but that the clothing is expensive and warm. Alternate Translation: "have expensive, warm clothing"
Pro 31:26
opens her mouth with wisdom
The act of opening her mouth is a metonym for speaking. The abstract noun "wisdom" can be translated as an adverb or an adjective. Alternate Translation: "she speaks wisely" or "she speaks wise words"
Pro 31:26
the law of kindness is on her tongue
The phrase "on her tongue" refers to her speaking, as the tongue is part of the mouth. The phrase "the law of kindness" refers to her teaching people to be kind. Alternate Translation: "she teaches people to be kind"
Pro 31:28
rise up and
Possible meanings are 1) literally "stand up and" or 2) as a metonym, "actively."
Pro 31:31
let her works praise her in the gates
She will be praised for her works, not by her works. Those "in the gates" are the important people of the city who conduct business and legal affairs near the gates of the city. Alternate Translation: "may the important people of the city praise her because of the works she has done"
Ecc 2:4
I built houses for myself and planted vineyards. I built for myself gardens and parks. I planted ... I created
The writer probably told people to do the work. Alternate Translation: "I had people build houses and plant vineyards for me. I had them build gardens and parks for me ... I had them plant ... I had them create"
Ecc 2:5
I built houses for myself and planted vineyards. I built for myself gardens and parks. I planted ... I created
The writer probably told people to do the work. Alternate Translation: "I had people build houses and plant vineyards for me. I had them build gardens and parks for me ... I had them plant ... I had them create"
Ecc 2:6
I built houses for myself and planted vineyards. I built for myself gardens and parks. I planted ... I created
The writer probably told people to do the work. Alternate Translation: "I had people build houses and plant vineyards for me. I had them build gardens and parks for me ... I had them plant ... I had them create"
Ecc 2:8
provinces
Here "provinces" represents the rulers of the provinces. Alternate Translation: "the rulers of provinces"
Ecc 2:19
that my work and wisdom have built
Here the author's "work" and "wisdom" represent himself and the things he did in his wisdom. He probably had help with the literal buildings. Alternate Translation: "that I worked very hard and wisely to build"
Ecc 2:24
God's hand
Here God is represented by his "hand" to emphasize how he provides for people. Alternate Translation: "from God"
Ecc 3:11
placed eternity in their hearts
Here the word "their" refers to human beings. Here the "hearts" of the people represent their thoughts and desires. Alternate Translation: "placed eternity in the hearts of human beings" or "caused people to think about eternal things"
Ecc 4:1
the tears of oppressed people
Here "tears" represent weeping. Alternate Translation: "the oppressed people were weeping"
Ecc 4:1
Power was in the hand of their oppressors
This means that their oppressors were powerful. Here their "hand" represents what thet possess. Alternate Translation: "Their oppressors were powerful"
Ecc 4:13
who no longer knows how
Here knowing represents willingness. Alternate Translation: "who is no longer willing"
Ecc 5:1
Guard your steps
Here "steps" are a metonym for a person's conduct. Alternate Translation: "Be careful how you conduct yourself"
Ecc 5:6
Do not allow your mouth to cause your flesh to sin
Here a person's "mouth" represents a person's speech, and the person himself is represented by his "flesh." Alternate Translation: "Do not let what you say cause you to sin"
Ecc 5:14
his own son, one whom he has fathered, is left with nothing in his hands
Here the phrase "in his hands" represents ownership. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "he leaves no possession for his own son" (See:[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
Ecc 5:15
He can take none of the fruits of his labor in his hand
Here a man's possessions are spoken of as if they are fruit that he grew with his labor. Alternate Translation: "He can not take any of his possessions with him"
Ecc 5:17
his days
Here a person's "days" represent his life. Alternate Translation: "his life"
Ecc 6:7
is for his mouth
Here putting food in a man's mouth represents feeding him. Alternate Translation: "is to put food in his mouth" or "is to feed him"
Ecc 6:9
what the eyes see
A person can see these things because he already has them. Alternate Translation: "what a person has"
Ecc 6:9
to desire what a wandering appetite craves
This refers to things that a person wants but does not have. Alternate Translation: "to want what he does not have"
Ecc 7:1
A good name
Here a person's "name" is used to represent their reputation. Alternate Translation: "A good reputation"
Ecc 7:3
gladness of heart
Here the word "heart" refers to a person's thoughts and emotions. "Gladness" describes either 1) the state of the emotions of being happy and peaceful or 2) the ability to understand the truth. Alternate Translation: "right thinking"
Ecc 7:7
corrupts the heart
Here the word "heart" refers to the mind. Alternate Translation: "ruins a person's ability to think and judge rightly"
Ecc 7:8
the people patient in spirit are better than the proud in spirit
Here the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude. Alternate Translation: "patient people are better than proud people" or "a patient attitude is better than a prideful attitude"
Ecc 7:9
Do not be quick to anger in your spirit
Here the word "spirit" refers to a person's attitude. Alternate Translation: "Do not become angry quickly" or "Do not have a bad temper"
Ecc 7:22
in your own heart
Here a person's thoughts are represented by their "heart." Alternate Translation: "in your own thoughts"
Ecc 7:25
I turned my heart
Here the word "heart" refers to the mind. Also, here the word "turned" is an idiom. Alternate Translation: "I directed my thoughts" or "I determined"
Ecc 9:1
in God's hands
Here the word "hands" refers to power and authority. Alternate Translation: "under God's control"
Ecc 9:3
The hearts of human beings are full of evil, and madness is in their hearts
Here the word "hearts" refers to the thoughts and emotions. Alternate Translation: "Human beings are full of evil, and their thoughts are of madness"
Ecc 9:7
drink your wine with a happy heart
Here the word "heart" refers to the emotions. Alternate Translation: "drink your wine joyfully"
Ecc 9:11
Bread
Here "Bread" refers to food in general. Alternate Translation: "Food"
Ecc 10:2
The heart of a wise person ... the heart of a fool
Here the word "heart" refers to the mind or will. Alternate Translation: "The way a wise person thinks ... the way a fool thinks"
Ecc 10:4
If the emotions of a ruler rise up against you
Here a ruler is represented by his "emotions" Alternate Translation: "If a ruler becomes angry with you"
Ecc 10:12
The words of a wise man's mouth are gracious
Here the wise man's speech is represented by his "mouth." Alternate Translation: "The things that a wise man says are gracious"
Ecc 10:12
the lips of a fool consume him
Here the fool's speech is represented by his "lips." This speaks of the fool destroying himself by his speech as if it were eating him. Alternate Translation: "The things that a foolish man says destroy him"
Ecc 10:13
As words begin to flow from a fool's mouth
A fool's speech is represented by his "mouth." Alternate Translation: "As a fool begins to speak"
Ecc 10:13
at the end his mouth flows with wicked madness
A fool's speech is represented by his "mouth." Alternate Translation: "as he finishes talking, he speaks wicked madness"
Ecc 10:20
not even in your mind
A person's thoughts are represented by the person's "mind." Alternate Translation: "not even in your thoughts"
Ecc 11:7
light is sweet
Here the word "light" refers to being able to see the sun and therefore being alive. And, this speaks of the joy of being alive as if the light had a sweet taste. Alternate Translation: "it is a joy to be able to see the sun" or "being alive is delightful"
Ecc 11:9
let your heart be joyful
Here the word "heart" represents the emotions. Alternate Translation: "be joyful"
Ecc 11:9
Pursue the good desires of your heart
Here the word "heart" may represent the mind or emotions. Alternate Translation: "Pursue the good things that you desire" or "Pursue the good things that you have determined to pursue"
Ecc 12:7
dust returns to the earth
Here the word "dust" refers to the human body that has decomposed.
Sng 1:7
my soul loves
The soul is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "I love"
Sng 1:15
your eyes are doves
Possible meaning are 1) the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the man considers the woman's eyes beautiful because the way the woman looks at him makes him think she is gentle. Alternate Translation: "you are very gentle" or 2) the man is speaking of the woman's white eyeballs or the shape of her eyes as being like the shape of a dove.
Sng 2:4
his banner over me was love
Possible meanings are 1) the banner is a metonym for a military escort. And, the military escort is a metaphor that represents the man's love which gives courage to the woman who was nervous to enter the large room where the king served many people. Alternate Translation: "but his loving protection guided me and gave me courage" or 2) the woman knew that the man wanted to make love to her from the way he looked at her. Alternate Translation: "he looked at me lovingly" or "when he looked at me, I knew he wanted to make love to me" or 3) they made love. Alternate Translation: "he lovingly covered me"
Sng 3:1
him whom my soul loves
The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman's love for the man than "my beloved" ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)).
Sng 3:3
him whom my soul loves
The soul is a metonym for the whole person. Here it makes a stronger statement of the woman's love for the man than "my beloved" ([Song of Songs 1:14](../01/12.md)). See how you translated this in [Song of Songs 3:1](./01.md).
Sng 3:4
the one who had conceived me
This is a metonym for her mother.
Sng 3:11
the day of the joy of his heart
The word "heart" is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "the day on which he truly rejoiced" or "the happiest day of his life"
Sng 5:12
His eyes are like doves
Translate "eyes are like doves" as in [Song of Songs 1:15](../01/15.md). Possible meanings are 1) the Israelites considered doves to be gentle and soft birds, and the woman considers the man's eyes beautiful because the way the man looks at her makes her think he is gentle. Alternate Translation: "His eyes are gentle like doves" or 2) the woman is speaking of the man's white eyeballs or the shape of his eyes, the shape of a dove.
Sng 5:16
His mouth is most sweet
The mouth is a metonym for either 1) the man's sweet kisses or 2) the sweet words that he says.
Sng 7:4
that looks toward Damascus
The tower looking is a metonym for people on the tower looking. Alternate Translation: "that allows people to look toward Damascus"
Sng 7:9
May your palate be like the best wine
The palate is a metonym for the lips. Wine tastes good. The man wants to kiss the woman's lips.
Sng 8:10
I am in his eyes as one
Here eyes are a metonym for judgment or value. Alternate Translation: "I am in his judgment as one" or "he thinks of me as one"
Sng 8:13
listening for your voice
The voice is a metonym for what the person says. If your language has a word for thinking only of what one is listening for, you could use it here. Alternate Translation: "waiting to hear you start speaking" or "waiting to hear what you have to say"
Isa 1:1
Judah and Jerusalem
Judah refers to the southern kingdom of Israel. "Jerusalem" was its most important city. The names of the places represent the people who live in them. Alternate Translation: "those living in Judah and Jerusalem" or "the people of Judah and Jerusalem"
Isa 1:3
Israel
This is a metonym for the people of Israel. Judah is part of what had been the nation of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Isa 1:14
your new moons and your appointed feasts
The words "new moons" are a metonym for the celebrations of the new moon. They are also a synecdoche for all regular celebrations. Alternate Translation: "your celebrations of the new moon and your other regular feasts"
Isa 1:15
your hands are full of blood
This is the reason that God will not listen to their prayers. The blood likely refers to violence that they have done against people. Alternate Translation: "because it is like your hands are covered with the blood of those you have harmed" or "because you are guilty of violence"
Isa 1:20
the sword will devour you
The word "sword" refers to Judah's enemies. Also, the word "devour" compares Judah's enemies coming to kill them to a wild animal that attacks and eats other animals. Alternate Translation: "your enemies will kill you"
Isa 1:21
How the faithful city
This exclamation shows Isaiah's anger and sadness about the people of Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "See how the people of Jerusalem, who had been faithful to God"
Isa 1:25
I will turn my hand against you
Here "hand" refers to God's power which he would use to punish his people. Alternate Translation: "I will begin to use all my power against you"
Isa 1:26
the city of righteousness, a faithful town
Here "city" and "town" refer to the people living in Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "the city where the people are righteous and loyal to God"
Isa 1:27
Zion
This is a metonym for the people who live on Mount Zion.
Isa 2:1
Judah and Jerusalem
Judah and "Jerusalem" are metonyms for the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "those living in Judah and Jerusalem"
Isa 2:2
all the nations
Here "nations" is a metonym for the people of those nations. Alternate Translation: "people from all the nations"
Isa 2:4
nation will not lift up sword against nation
no nation will lift up its sword against another nation. The sword is a metonym for war. Alternate Translation: "one nation will not fight wars against another nation"
Isa 2:5
House of Jacob
You descendants of Jacob. The word "house" is a metonym for the people who live in the house, the family. Here "Jacob" represents the nation of Judah, but it would be best to use "Jacob" here.
Isa 2:11
the pride of men will be brought down
The pride of men here is a metonym for proud people, and being "brought down" is a metaphor for being humbled or ashamed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will bring down proud men" or "Yahweh will make proud people ashamed of themselves"
Isa 3:9
For they have completed a catastrophe for themselves
The catastrophe is still coming, but the people have finished doing what will cause it to come. The catastrophe's causes are spoken of here as if they were the catastrophe itself. Alternate Translation: "For they have done everything that will cause a catastrophe to happen"
Isa 3:11
for the recompense of his hands will be done to him
Here "hands" stands for the deeds that the person has done. Alternate Translation: "for what the wicked person has done to others will be done to him"
Isa 3:18
the Lord will remove
Here what the Lord causes others to do is spoken of as the Lord doing it himself. Alternate Translation: "the Lord will cause others to remove"
Isa 3:25
Your men will fall by the sword, and your strong men will fall in war
Falling represents being killed, and the sword represents battle. Alternate Translation: "Your men will be killed in battle, and your strong men will be killed in war" or "Enemies will kill your soldiers in battle"
Isa 3:26
Jerusalem's gates will lament and mourn
Here the city gates represent the people who sit at the public places near the city gates. Alternate Translation: "The people of Jerusalem will sit at the city gates and cry and mourn" (See:- [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
Isa 4:4
will have cleansed the blood stains from Jerusalem's midst
Blood stains here represents violence and murder. Alternate Translation: "will have taken away those in Jerusalem who harm innocent people"
Isa 5:7
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of Israel"
Isa 5:15
the eyes of the lofty will be cast down
Looking down is often a sign of being ashamed. See how you translated similar words in [Isaiah 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate Translation: "the eyes of proud people will look down in shame" or "people who were proud are now ashamed"
Isa 5:21
to those who are wise in their own eyes
Here the metonym "eyes" refers to their thoughts. Alternate Translation: "to those who consider themselves to be wise"
Isa 5:25
has reached out with his hand against them
Here "hand" refers to God's power and control. Alternate Translation: "has shown his power against them"
Isa 5:25
his hand is still stretched out
Here "hand" represents God's power and control. Isaiah speaks as if Yahweh were a person about to hit another person with his fist. This is a metaphor for Yahweh punishing Israel. Alternate Translation: "he will still be ready to punish them"
Isa 5:29
young lions
A young age is a metonym for strength. Alternate Translation: "the strongest lions"
Isa 6:5
of unclean lips
Here "lips" represent what a person speaks. And, people saying things that are unacceptable to God is spoken of as if their lips were physically unclean.
Isa 6:10
Make the heart of this people insensitive
Here "heart" represents a person's mind. A person who does not think clearly and is unable to understand and care about what is happening is spoken of as if his heart were insensitive. Alternate Translation: "Make these people unable to understand" or "Make the minds of these people dull"
Isa 6:10
understand with their heart
Here "heart" represents as person's mind. Truly understanding something and caring about what is happening is spoken of as if the people were to understand with their hearts.
Isa 7:1
to war against it
The author speaks as if the city itself were the people who live in it. Alternate Translation: "to war against the people of Jerusalem"
Isa 7:2
the house of David
The word "house" is a metonym for the family living in the house. Alternate Translation: "King Ahaz and his counselors"
Isa 7:2
that Aram was allied with Ephraim
Here "Aram" and "Ephraim" refer to their kings. Here "Ephraim" represents the whole northern kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "that Rezin, the king of Aram was helping Pekah, the king of Israel"
Isa 7:5
Aram, Ephraim, and the son of Remaliah
The words "Aram" and "Ephraim" refer to the kings of these lands. Also, "Ephraim" represents the northern kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Rezin the king of Aram and Pekah the son of Remaliah, king of Israel"
Isa 7:8
the head of Damascus is Rezin
Here "head" is a metonym for the most important part. It is implied that Rezin is only a man, and therefore cannot stop Yahweh's plan. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate Translation: "the king of Damascus is Rezin, who is only a man"
Isa 7:13
house of David
The word "house" is a metonym for the family living in the house. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 7:2](./02.md). Alternate Translation: "King Ahaz, you and your counselors"
Isa 7:20
the head
Here "the head" represents the hair that grows on it. Alternate Translation: "the hair on the head"
Isa 8:8
The River
This refers to the Euphrates River in Assyria. This is a metonym for the Assyrian soldiers, who will come from their homes by the Euphrates River ([Isaiah 8:7](./07.md)).
Isa 8:17
who hides his face from the house of Jacob
Yahweh's "face" is a metonym for his blessing or favor. Alternate Translation: "who has taken away his blessing from the house of Jacob" or "who no longer looks with favor on the house of Jacob"
Isa 9:1
In an earlier time he humiliated the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali
Land refers to the people who live in an area. Alternate Translation: "In the past, the Lord humbled those living in Zebulun and Naphtali"
Isa 9:1
but in the later time he will make it glorious, the way to the sea, beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the nations
Here "it" refers to Galilee which represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "but in the future, the Lord will honor the people of Galilee of the nations, which is on the road between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River"
Isa 9:1
Galilee of the nations
Here "nations" represents the people from other nations that live in Galilee. Alternate Translation: "Galilee, where many foreigners live"
Isa 9:7
rules on the throne of David
Sitting on the "throne of David" is a metonym for having the right to rule; only David's descendants could be king over Israel. Alternate Translation: "has the right to rule as David's descendant"
Isa 9:20
They will grab food on the right hand ... on the left hand
This expression means that the people will grab food wherever they can find it.
Isa 10:10
As my hand has overcome
Hand here is a reference to military strength. Alternate Translation: "As my powerful army has defeated" or "As I have conquered"
Isa 10:11
just as I did to Samaria and her worthless idols
The word "Samaria" refers to the people who lived there, and "her" refers to the city of Samaria. Cities and nations were often spoken of as if they were women. Alternate Translation: "just as I did to the people of Samaria and their worthless idols"
Isa 10:13
I have removed ... I have stolen
Here the word "I" refers to the king of Assyria. He was the leader of the Assyrian army and took credit for what the army did at his command. Alternate Translation: "my army has removed ... They have stolen"
Isa 10:14
My hand has seized
The hand is a metonym for either the king's power or his army. Alternate Translation: "In my power I have seized" or "My army has seized"
Isa 10:29
Ramah trembles and Gibeah of Saul has fled
Here "Ramah" and "Gibeah of Saul" refer to the people who lived in those cities. Alternate Translation: "The people of Ramah tremble and the people of Gibeah of Saul have fled"
These are names of more cities and villages near Jerusalem that the Assyrian army traveled through causing fear among the people. All of these refer to the people who live in these places.
These are names of more cities and villages near Jerusalem that the Assyrian army traveled through causing fear among the people. All of these refer to the people who live in these places.
These are names of more cities and villages near Jerusalem that the Assyrian army traveled through causing fear among the people. All of these refer to the people who live in these places.
Isa 10:32
the mountain of the daughter of Zion, the hill of Jerusalem
The words "mount" and "hill" are metonyms for the people who live on them. The words "mount of the daughter of Zion" mean almost the same thing as the words "hill of Jerusalem." See how they are translated in [Isaiah 2:14](../02/14.md). Alternate Translation: "the people of Mount Zion and the people living on the hill in Jerusalem"
Isa 11:2
the Spirit of wisdom ... the Spirit of instruction ... the Spirit of knowledge ... the fear of Yahweh
Here the word "Spirit" refers to an ability or quality that the Spirit of Yahweh would give him. Alternate Translation: "and he will cause him to have wisdom and understanding, instruction and might, knowledge and the fear of Yahweh"
Isa 11:4
He will strike the earth with the rod of his mouth
The word "earth" here represents the people on earth. Striking them with the rod of his mouth represents judging them, and that judgement will lead to punishment. Alternate Translation: "He will judge the people of the earth, and they will be punished"
Isa 11:4
with the breath of his lips he will slay the wicked
The "breath of his lips" represents him judging them. Alternate Translation: "he will judge wicked people, and they will be killed"
Isa 11:9
the earth will be full of knowledge of Yahweh
The phrase "knowledge of Yahweh" represents people who know Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "the earth will be full of those who know Yahweh" or "those who know Yahweh will cover the earth"
Isa 11:10
the root of Jesse
This refers to Jesse's and King David's descendant who would become the king that was told about in [Isaiah 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate Translation: "Jesse's descendant king" or "the king descended from Jesse"
Isa 11:11
the Lord will again extend his hand to recover the remnant of his people
The hand is a reference to God's power. Alternate Translation: "the Lord will again use his power to bring back the remnant of his people"
Isa 12:4
call upon his name
Here "his name" refers to Yahweh. Calling on him represents either praising him or asking him for help. Alternate Translation: "praise him loudly" or "call to him to help you"
Isa 12:4
proclaim that his name is exalted
Here "his name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "proclaim that he is exalted" or "proclaim that he is great"
Isa 13:1
about Babylon
The name of the city stands for the people of Babylon. Alternate Translation: "about the people of Babylon"
Isa 13:2
the gates of the nobles
Possible meanings are 1) "the gates of Babylon where the nobles live" or 2) "the gates of the nobles' large houses"
Isa 13:3
I have called my mighty men to execute my anger
Executing God's anger represents punishing people because of God's anger. Alternate Translation: "I have called my mighty soldiers to punish the people of Babylon because they have made me angry"
Isa 13:11
the world
This refers to people. Alternate Translation: "the people of the world"
Isa 13:18
Their bows will strike down
Here "their bows" is a metonym for the soldiers who use the bows. Alternate Translation: "Their soldiers will use bows and arrows to kill"
Isa 14:1
Yahweh will have compassion on Jacob
Here "Jacob" refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will have mercy on the descendants of Jacob"
Isa 14:1
attach themselves to the house of Jacob
The house of Jacob refers to the descendants of Jacob, the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "unite with the descendants of Jacob"
Isa 14:2
the house of Israel
This refers to the Israelites, the descendants of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Israel"
Isa 14:4
the proud fury ended
The "proud fury" refers to the king of Babylon being proud and treating other nations cruelly. Alternate Translation: "his cruelty has ended" or "he can no longer oppress people"
Isa 14:5
Yahweh has broken the staff of the wicked
The staff of the wicked probably refers to a stick that wicked people would hit other people with. Breaking that stick represents destroying their power to treat people cruelly. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has destroyed the power of the wicked"
Isa 14:5
the scepter of those rulers
A scepter represents a ruler's power to rule. Breaking the scepter represents destroying the ruler's power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has destroyed the power of the wicked rulers"
Isa 14:7
The whole earth
This refers to everyone on earth. Alternate Translation: "everyone on earth"
Isa 14:16
who made the earth tremble
Possible meanings are 1) the earth trembled as the king's army marched to conquer people, or 2) this refers to the people of the earth trembling in fear of him.
Isa 14:19
those pierced by the sword
This describes "the dead" spoken of at the beginning of this sentence. Being pierced by the sword represents being killed in battle. Alternate Translation: "those who were killed in battle"
Isa 14:21
so they will not rise up
Here "rise up" represents either becoming powerful or attacking. Alternate Translation: "so they will not become powerful" or "so they will not attack"
Isa 14:31
Howl, gate; cry, city
Here "gate" and "city" represent the people at the city gates and in the cities. "Howl, you people at the city gates; cry, you people in the cities"
Isa 15:2
Moab laments over Nebo and over Medeba
These place names refer to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "the people of Moab will weep because of what happened to the cities of Nebo and Medeba"
Isa 15:4
Heshbon and Elealeh call out
These city names represent the people of these cities. "The people of Heshbon and Elealeh call out"
Isa 15:4
they tremble within themselves
Physical trembling is a symptom of fear and represents fear. Alternate Translation: "they will be completely filled with fear" or "they tremble with fear"
Isa 15:9
but I will bring even more upon Dimon
Here "I" refers to Yahweh. Also, "Dimon" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "but I will cause even more trouble for the people of Dimon"
Isa 16:5
A throne will be established in covenant faithfulness
Here "throne" refers to the power to rule as king. The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithful." This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will be faithful to the covenant and he will appoint a king"
Isa 16:5
one from David's tent will faithfully sit there
Here "David's tent" represents David's family, including his descendants. Sitting on the throne represents ruling. Alternate Translation: "a descendant of David will rule faithfully"
Isa 16:6
We have heard of Moab's pride, his arrogance, his boasting, and his anger
The words "Moab's" and "his" refer to the people of Moab. Alternate Translation: "We have heard that the people of Moab are proud and arrogant, boastful and angry"
Isa 16:7
So Moab wails for Moab—they all wail
Moab represents the people of Moab. "So all the people of Moab will cry out loud over what has happened to their cities"
Isa 16:9
For on your fields of summer fruits and harvest I have ended the shouts of joy
The "shouts of joy" represent people shouting for joy about the harvest of their fruit trees. Alternate Translation: "Because of what I will do, you will no longer shout for joy when you harvest your fields of summer fruit"
Isa 16:10
I have put an end to the shouts of the one who treads
Here "the shouts" refers to the joy of the people who tread the grapes to produce the wine. Alternate Translation: "therefore the people who tread the grapes do not shout with joy"
Isa 16:11
Moab ... himself ... his
All of these words refer to the people of Moab.
Isa 16:12
Moab ... himself ... his
All of these words refer to the people of Moab.
Isa 16:13
concerning Moab
The word "Moab" refers to the people of Moab.
Isa 17:4
the glory of Jacob will become thin, and the fatness of his flesh will become lean
Here "Jacob" refers to the kingdom of Israel. Israel would no longer be glorious. Rather it would be weak and poor.
Isa 17:8
They will not look to the altars
Looking to the altars represents worshiping idols with the hope that the idols will help them. Alternate Translation: "They will not worship idols at their altars" or "The people of Israel will not go to their altars and ask their idols to help them"
Isa 17:8
what their fingers have made ... the Asherah poles or the sun images
The second phrase identifies the things that the people made. Speaking of the fingers here emphasizes that the people made them, so these things are not real gods. Alternate Translation: "the Asherah poles or the sun images, which they themselves made"
Isa 18:2
a nation tall and smooth
The word "nation" here refers to the people of that nation. Alternate Translation: "a nation whose people are tall and have smooth skin"
Isa 18:2
a nation strong and trampling down
Trampling down represents conquering other nations. Alternate Translation: "a nation that is strong and conquers other nations"
Isa 18:7
a nation strong and trampling down
Trampling down represents conquering other nations. Alternate Translation: "a nation that is strong and conquers other nations"
Isa 18:7
to the place of the name of Yahweh of hosts, to Mount Zion
The word "name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "to Mount Zion, where Yahweh of hosts dwells"
Isa 19:2
city will be against city
The word "city" represents the people of the city. Alternate Translation: "people of one city will fight against people of another city" or "people from different cities will fight against one another"
Isa 19:2
kingdom against kingdom
The word "kingdom" refers to a smaller kingdom within Egypt. It may also be called a province. It represents the people of that kingdom or province. Alternate Translation: "the people of one province will be against the people of another province" or "people from different provinces will fight against one another"
Isa 19:4
I will give the Egyptians into the hand of a harsh master
Here "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate Translation: "I will give the Egyptians over to the control of a harsh master"
Isa 19:13
made Egypt go astray
The word "Egypt" represents the people of Egypt. Going astray represents doing what is wrong. Alternate Translation: "made the people of Egypt go astray" or "made the people of Egypt do what is wrong"
Isa 19:14
they have led Egypt astray
Here, "they" refers to the leaders described in the previous verses. The word "Egypt" represents the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "the princes have led the people of Egypt astray"
Isa 19:16
because of the upraised hand of Yahweh of hosts that he raises over them
Here "hand" refers to God's power, and raising the hand against them represents punishing them. Alternate Translation: "because Yahweh of hosts has raised his powerful hand to punish them"
Isa 19:17
The land of Judah will become a cause of staggering to Egypt
The "land of Judah" and "Egypt" refer to the people in those places. The Egyptians will stagger because they are afraid. Alternate Translation: "The people of Judah will cause the Egyptians to stagger" or "The people of Judah will cause the Egyptians to be terribly afraid"
Isa 19:18
there will be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak
This refers to the people of those cities. Alternate Translation: "the people in five Egyptian cities will speak"
Isa 19:18
the language of Canaan
This refers to Hebrew, the language of the people of God living in the land of Canaan. Here Canaan represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "the language of the people of Canaan"
Isa 19:21
Yahweh will become known to Egypt
Here "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will make the people of Egypt know him"
Isa 19:22
Yahweh will afflict Egypt
Here, "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will afflict the people of Egypt"
Isa 19:24
Israel will be the third with Egypt and Assyria
The names of the three nations represent the people of those nations. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites will be the third with the Egyptians and Assyrians"
Isa 19:25
Blessed be Egypt, my people; Assyria, the work of my hands; and Israel, my inheritance
The names of the three nations refer to the people of those nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I have blessed you, people of Egypt, because you are my people; and I have blessed you, people of Assyria, because I created you; and I have blessed you, people of Israel, because I securely possess you"
Isa 19:25
the work of my hands
Here "hands" refers to God's power and action.
Isa 20:1
he fought against Ashdod and took it
Ashdod refers to the army of Ashdod. Alternate Translation: "he fought against the army of Ashdod and defeated it"
Isa 20:4
the king of Assyria will lead away the captives
The king orders his army to do this task. Alternate Translation: "the king of Assyria will have his army lead away the captives"
Isa 20:4
to the shame of Egypt
Egypt refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "which will bring shame on the people of Egypt"
Isa 20:5
because of Cush their hope and of Egypt their glory
Hope and glory refer to their trust in the military power of these countries. Alternate Translation: "because they had trusted in the power of the armies of Cush and Egypt"
Isa 21:1
about the desert by the sea
This refers to the people who live in Babylon as being a desert, even though God has not made it into a desert yet. This event will certainly happen. Alternate Translation: "about the people who live in a land that soon will be a desert"
Isa 21:2
Elam ... Media
Here "Elam" and "Media" represent the soldiers from these places.
Isa 21:2
I will stop all her groaning
Here "her" represents all the people who are suffering because of the Babylonians. Yahweh will cause them to stop groaning when he sends the armies of Elam and Media to destroy the Babylonians.
Isa 21:5
prepare the table
Here "table" represents the food that people will eat at the feast.
Isa 21:13
about Arabia
Arabia refers to the population of Arabia. Alternate Translation: "about the people of Arabia"
Isa 21:15
from the sword, from the drawn sword, from the bent bow
Here "sword" and "bow" represents the soldiers who attack the inhabitants of Tema. Alternate Translation: "from their enemies who attack them with swords and bows"
Isa 22:1
about the Valley of Vision
Here "Valley" refers to those who live in the valley, that is, Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "about those who live in the Valley of Vision" or "about those who live in Jerusalem"
Isa 22:2
with the sword
Here "sword" represents the soldiers who fight in battle.
Isa 22:4
of the daughter of my people
Here "daughter" represents the people and may imply Isaiah's feeling of love for them. Alternate Translation: "of my people whom I love" or "of my people"
Isa 22:6
Elam takes up the quiver
The quiver is a bag to carry arrows and represents the archer's weapons. Alternate Translation: "The soldiers of Elam take their bows and arrows"
Isa 22:6
Kir lays the shield bare
Here "Kir" represents the soldiers. Alternate Translation: "the soldiers of Kir will take their shields out of their covers"
Isa 22:13
let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we will die
Here "eat and drink" represents having a party and over indulging in food and wine. Alternate Translation: "we may as well have fun now by eating and drinking all we want, for we will die soon"
Isa 22:15
who is over the house
Here "house" represents those in the king's palace. Alternate Translation: "who is in charge of all those who work in the palace"
Isa 22:18
you will be the shame of your master's house
Here "house" represents the people who work in the king's palace. Alternate Translation: "you will cause shame for all those in your master's palace"
Isa 22:20
I will place the key of the house of David on his shoulder ... none will open
Here "key" represents authority. This speaks of Eliakim having authority that no one can oppose as if he had the key to the palace and no one else could lock or unlock the door. Alternate Translation: "I will put him in charge of those who work in the king's palace, and when he makes a decision no one will be able to oppose him"
Isa 22:21
your tunic ... your sash
Here the tunic and sash represent authority in the king's palace.
Isa 22:21
into his hand
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "to him"
Isa 22:21
to the house of Judah
Here "house" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "to the people of Judah"
Isa 22:22
I will place the key of the house of David on his shoulder ... none will open
Here "key" represents authority. This speaks of Eliakim having authority that no one can oppose as if he had the key to the palace and no one else could lock or unlock the door. Alternate Translation: "I will put him in charge of those who work in the king's palace, and when he makes a decision no one will be able to oppose him"
Isa 22:23
he will become a seat of glory for his father's house
Here "seat of glory" represents a place of honor. Alternate Translation: "Eliakim will bring honor to his family"
Isa 22:23
his father's house
Here "house" represents family. Alternate Translation: "his father's family" or "his family"
Isa 22:25
the weight that was on it will be cut off
Here "weight" represents Shebna's power and authority. It is spoken of as if it were an object hanging on the peg that represents Shebna. Yahweh causing Shebna to lose his power and authority is spoken of as if someone were to cut off the object that was hanging on the peg.
Isa 23:1
Howl, you ships of Tarshish
Here "ships" represents the men on the ships. Isaiah speaks to the men on the ships of Tarshish as if they could hear him. Alternate Translation: "Cry out in despair you men on the ships of Tarshish"
Isa 23:3
it became the commerce of the nations
Commerce is the activity of buying and selling goods. Here "nations" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "you were where people from other nations came to buy and sell goods"
Isa 23:7
the joyful city
Here "city" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the joyful people who live in the city of Tyre"
Isa 23:7
her far away
Here "her" refers to the city of Tyre which represents the people of Tyre.
Isa 23:8
the giver of crowns
Here "crown" refers to the power a person has as a ruler over people. Alternate Translation: "who gives people power to rule over others"
Isa 23:9
her pride ... her glory ... her honored ones
Here "her" refers to the city of Tyre which represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "their pride ... their glory ... their honored one"
Isa 23:10
daughter of Tarshish
The "daughter" of a city represents the people of the city. Alternate Translation: "the people of Tarshish" or "the people who live in Tarshish"
Isa 23:11
has reached out with his hand over the sea
Here "hand" refers to God's power and control. Alternate Translation: "has shown his power over the sea"
Isa 23:12
oppressed virgin daughter of Sidon
Here "virgin daughter" represents the people of Sidon. Alternate Translation: "people of Sidon, because other people will oppress you"
Isa 23:14
Howl, you ships of Tarshish
Here "ships" represents the men on the ships. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 23:1](./01.md).
Isa 23:17
Yahweh will help Tyre
Here "Tyre" represents the people who live in Tyre. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will help the people of Tyre"
Isa 24:3
The earth ... the world
Both of these represent everything that is on the earth.
Isa 24:4
The earth ... the world
Both of these represent everything that is on the earth.
Isa 24:11
gladness of the land
Here "land" represents the people of the earth.
Isa 24:15
Therefore in the east glorify Yahweh
The phrase "in the east" represents the people living east of Israel. Isaiah is commanding these people as if they were there with him. But, he is talking to the people in the future after God devastates the earth. Alternate Translation: "Therefore everyone from distant lands in the east will glorify Yahweh"
Isa 24:15
in the isles of the sea give glory
Isaiah is commanding the people who live on the islands in the Mediterranean sea as if they were there with him. But, he is talking to the people in the future after God devastates the earth. Alternate Translation: "everyone in the islands will give glory"
Isa 24:15
to the name of Yahweh
Here "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "to Yahweh"
Isa 25:1
praise your name
Here "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "praise you"
Isa 25:3
a city of ruthless nations
Here "city" and "nations" represent the people who live there.
Isa 25:10
For on this mountain the hand of Yahweh will rest
The "hand" represents God's power. For Yahweh's hand to rest on "this mountain" means he will protect his people Alternate Translation: "The power of Yahweh will be on this mountain" or "For on Mount Zion Yahweh will protect his people"
Isa 25:10
Moab will be trampled down in his place
Here Moab represents the people of Moab. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will trample the people in the land of Moab"
Isa 25:11
in spite of the skill of their hands
Here "hands" represents the power to do or make something. Alternate Translation: "in spite of the great things they have built" or "in spite of the great things they have done"
Isa 25:12
Your high fortress walls he will bring down to the ground, to the dust
This speaks of Yahweh causing armies to bring down the walls as if he himself were going to bring them down. Alternate Translation: "He will send an army to bring your high fortress walls to the ground, to the dust"
Isa 26:2
the righteous nation that keeps faith
Here "nation" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the righteous and faithful people"
Isa 26:3
The mind that is stayed on you
Here "mind" represents a person's thoughts. Also "you" refers to Yahweh. The phrase "stayed on you" is an idiom. Alternate Translation: "The person who continually thinks about you"
Isa 26:5
he will lay low ... he will level
Yahweh causing an army to destroy fortified cities is spoken of as if Yahweh would do it himself.
Isa 26:8
your name and your reputation are our desire
Here "name" and "reputation" represent Yahweh's character which represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "our only desire is to honor you"
Isa 26:10
In the land of uprightness
Here "land" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "In the land where the people do what is right"
Isa 26:10
does not see the majesty of Yahweh
Here "see" represents realizing something. Alternate Translation: "does not realize that Yahweh is great"
Isa 26:11
they will see your zeal for the people
Here "see" represents realizing something. Alternate Translation: "they will realize that you are eager to bless your people"
Isa 26:13
but we praise your name alone
Here "name" represents the person of God. Alternate Translation: "but we praise you alone"
Isa 26:18
We have not brought salvation to the earth, and the inhabitants of the world have not fallen
Here "earth" represents the people who live on the earth. The meaning is unclear, but it seems to mean that the people of Israel have not been able to save themselves or other people by defeating their enemy in battle.
Isa 27:6
Jacob ... Israel
Here "Jacob" and "Israel" are metonyms that represent the descendants of Jacob.
Isa 27:7
Jacob ... Israel
These represent the descendants of Jacob.
Isa 27:8
sending Jacob and Israel away
This represents the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "sending the Israelites away"
Isa 27:9
iniquity of Jacob ... removal of his sin
Here "Jacob" represents the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "iniquity of the Israelites ... removal of their sins"
Isa 27:9
he will make all the altar stones as chalk and crushed to pieces, and no Asherah poles or incense altars will remain standing
Here "he" refers to Jacob who represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "They will completely destroy all the altars on which they sacrifice to false gods, and they will remove all the Asherah idols and the altars on which they burn incense to false gods"
Isa 28:23
to my voice
Here "voice" represents what Isaiah says. Alternate Translation: "to what I say"
Isa 29:1
Woe to Ariel
Here "Ariel" represents the people who live in the city of Ariel. Alternate Translation: "How terrible it will be for the people of Ariel"
Isa 29:2
But I will besiege
The word "I" refers to Yahweh. This represents Yahweh causing an enemy army to besiege Jerusalem.
Isa 29:2
she will
Here "she" refers to Ariel, which represents the people of Ariel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Ariel will"
Isa 29:3
I will encamp against you
The word "I" refers to Yahweh. This represents Yahweh causing an enemy army to surround Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "I will command the army of your enemies to surround you"
Isa 29:7
fight against Ariel
The name "Ariel" is another name for Jerusalem, and it represents the people who live there. See how you translated "Ariel" in [Isaiah 29:1](./01.md). Alternate Translation: "fight against the people of Ariel"
Isa 29:7
her stronghold. They will attack her and her fortifications to press upon her
The word "her" refers to Ariel which represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "their stronghold. They will attack the city of Ariel and its defenses and cause the people to be in great distress"
Isa 29:8
Yes, so will be the great number of nations that fights against Mount Zion
Here "Mount Zion" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "Yes, this will be what happens to the armies from the nations who fight against the people who live on Mount Zion"
Isa 29:13
This people comes close to me with their mouths and honors me with their lips
The words "mouths" and "lips" represent what people say. Here it also represents saying something but not truly meaning it. Alternate Translation: "The people of Jerusalem pretend to worship me and honor me with what they say"
Isa 29:13
but their heart is far from me
Here "heart" is a metonym that represents a person's thoughts and emotions. The people not being truly devoted to Yahweh is spoken of as if their hearts were far away from him. Alternate Translation: "but they do not honor me in their thoughts" or "but they are not truly devoted to me"
Isa 29:17
Lebanon will be turned into a field
Here "Lebanon" represents the large cedar forests in Lebanon. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "God will turn the mighty forests of Lebanon into a field"
Isa 29:22
Jacob will no longer ... his face ... he sees his children
Here "Jacob" represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "Jacob's descendants will no longer ... their faces ... they see their children"
Isa 29:23
Jacob will no longer ... his face ... he sees his children
Here "Jacob" represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "Jacob's descendants will no longer ... their faces ... they see their children"
Isa 29:23
But when he sees his children, the work of my hands
Here "hands" represents Yahweh's power and action. Alternate Translation: "When they see all the children I have given them and all that I have done"
Isa 29:23
they will make my name holy
Here "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "they will honor me"
Isa 29:23
They will make holy the name of the Holy One of Jacob
Here "name" represents Yahweh. Yahweh refers to himself as "the Holy One of Jacob." Alternate Translation: "They will honor me, the Holy One of Jacob"
Isa 29:24
Those who err in spirit
Here "spirit" represents a person's inner being. Alternate Translation: "Those who are wrong in what they think" or "Those who are wrong in their attitude"
Isa 30:12
trust in oppression and deceit and lean on it
Possible meanings are 1) the leaders of Judah are trusting in the Egyptian leaders who rule by oppressing and deceiving others or 2) the leaders of Judah have oppressed and deceived their own people in order to take their money and send it to the Egyptians leaders as payment for protection.
Isa 30:14
fire from the hearth
The word "fire" here refers here to ashes. Alternate Translation: "ashes from the fireplace"
Isa 30:20
the bread of adversity and the water of affliction
Here "bread" and "water" make up the diet of a very poor person. The whole phrase represents the hard times and poverty of the people.
Isa 30:27
the name of Yahweh comes
Here "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh comes"
Isa 30:29
gladness of heart
Here "heart" represents a person's inner being. Alternate Translation: "you will be glad"
Isa 30:30
show the motion of his arm
Here "arm" represents the power of God. It is implied that Yahweh will show his power by destroying his people's enemies. Alternate Translation: "show that he is powerful by destroying your enemies"
Isa 30:31
Assyria
Here this represents the soldiers of Assyria.
Isa 31:2
evil house
This refers to evil people who live there. Alternate Translation: "all who do evil things"
Isa 31:3
Egypt is a man
Here Egypt refers to the soldiers of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "The soldiers of Egypt are men"
Isa 31:3
When Yahweh reaches out with his hand
The term "hand" is often used in reference to God's power and action. Alternate Translation: "When Yahweh uses his power against them"
Isa 31:5
Jerusalem
This refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "the people of Jerusalem"
Isa 31:8
Assyria will fall by the sword; a sword not wielded by man will consume him
Sword refers to military might. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "God's sword, and not a man's sword, will destroy the Assyrian army"
Isa 32:9
my voice
Isaiah refers to himself by his voice to emphasize what he says. Alternate Translation: "me speak"
Isa 32:14
the hill
This refers to the fort built on the top of the hill. Alternate Translation: "the fort on the hill"
Isa 32:15
from on high
Here heaven is referred to as "on high." Alternate Translation: "from heaven"
Isa 33:2
be our arm
Here Yahweh's arm refers to his strength. This speaks of Yahweh strengthening them as if Yahweh would use his strength to act for them. Alternate Translation: "give us strength"
Isa 33:9
Lebanon is ashamed and withers away
Here "Lebanon" represents Lebanon's trees. This speaks of the trees withering and decaying as if they were a person who is ashamed. Alternate Translation: "Lebanon's trees wither and decay"
Isa 33:11
your breath is a fire that will consume you
Here the Assyrians' plans are referred to as their "breath." This speaks of their plans causing them to die as if their plans would literally burn up their bodies. Alternate Translation: "your plans will cause you to die"
Isa 33:16
the heights
This refers to a high hill or mountainside. Alternate Translation: "the high hill" or "the mountainside"
Isa 33:17
the king in his beauty
The king's royal robes are referred to as "his beauty." Alternate Translation: "the king in his beautiful robes"
Isa 34:5
on Edom
Edom refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "on the people of Edom"
Isa 36:5
there is counsel and strength for war
you have the council and the strength to go to war. The phrase "strength for war" refers to having a large enough and strong enough army with weapons. Alternate Translation: "you have enough military council, strong men, and weapons to go to war"
Isa 36:6
trusting in Egypt
Here "Egypt" refers to the Egyptian army. Alternate Translation: "trusting in the Egyptian army"
Isa 36:10
without Yahweh
Here "Yahweh" refers to Yahweh's orders. Alternate Translation: "without Yahweh's command"
Isa 36:10
against this land and destroy it ... Attack this land and destroy it
This means to fight against the people and cause destruction in the place where they live. The land referred to here is Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "against this people and destroy their land ... Attack these people and destroy their land"
Isa 36:15
the hand of the king
The king's "hand" refers to his "control." Alternate Translation: "the control of the king"
Isa 36:17
until I come and take
Here the king of Assyria is referring to his army as himself. Alternate Translation: "until my army comes and takes"
Isa 36:18
the hand of the king
The king's control is referred to as his "hand." Alternate Translation: "the control of the king"
Isa 36:20
his land
This refers to the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "his people"
Isa 37:4
for the remnant that is still here
This refers to the people who are left in Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "for the few of us that are still here"
Isa 37:9
to fight against him
The word "him" represents Sennacherib. Here Sennacherib represents his army. Alternate Translation: "to fight against the army of Sennacherib"
Isa 37:10
Jerusalem will not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria
This can be stated in active form. The word "hand" refers to the king's military power. Alternate Translation: "The king of Assyria and his army will not conquer you in Jerusalem"
Isa 37:20
all the kingdoms
This refers to the people in the kingdoms. Alternate Translation: "all the people in the kingdoms"
Isa 37:21
sent a message
This means that he sent a messenger to give a message to the king. Alternate Translation: "sent someone to give a message"
Isa 37:29
your arrogance
Here the king's "arrogance" refers to his arrogant speech. Alternate Translation: "your arrogant speech"
Isa 37:31
the house of Judah
Here Judah's "house" refers to his descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Judah"
Isa 37:32
The zeal of Yahweh of hosts will do this
This speaks of Yahweh doing something because of his zeal as if his "zeal" were actually doing the action. Alternate Translation: "Because of his zeal, Yahweh of hosts will do this" or "Yahweh of hosts will do this because of his zeal"
Isa 38:3
with my whole heart
Here the "heart" refers to the inner-being which represents a person's complete devotion. Alternate Translation: "with all my inner being" or "with my complete devotion"
Isa 38:6
the hand of the king of Assyria
Here the king's "hand" refers to his power. Alternate Translation: "the power of the king of Assyria"
Isa 38:18
For Sheol does not thank you; death does not praise you
Here "Sheol" and "death" refer to "dead people." Alternate Translation: "For those in Sheol do not thank you; dead people do not praise you"
Isa 40:9
Zion
This refers to the people who live in Zion. Alternate Translation: "you people of Zion"
Isa 40:10
his strong arm rules for him
Here the word "arm" represents God's power. Alternate Translation: "he rules with great power"
Isa 41:1
you coastlands
This refers to the people who live on the islands and in the lands bordering or beyond the Mediterranean Sea.
Isa 41:5
The isles ... the ends of the earth
These phrases represent the people who live in those places. Alternate Translation: "People who live on the isles ... people who live at the ends of the earth"
Isa 41:10
my righteous right hand
Here "right hand" represents Yahweh's power. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh's right hand is righteous in that he will always do the right thing. Alternate Translation: "my righteous power" or 2) Yahweh's right hand is victorious in that he will always succeed in what he does. Alternate Translation: "my victorious power"
Isa 42:4
the coastlands
This refers to the people who live on the islands and in the lands bordering or beyond the Mediterranean Sea. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 41:1](../41/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the people who live on the coastlands"
Isa 42:6
I will ... set you as a covenant for the people
Here the word "covenant" is a metonym for the one who establishes or mediates a covenant. Alternate Translation: "I will ... make you be the mediator of a covenant with the people"
Isa 42:11
Let the desert and the cities cry out
This refers to the people who live in the desert and the cities.
Isa 43:7
everyone who is called by my name
Here to be called by someone's name represents belonging to that person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "everyone whom I have called by my name" or "everyone who belongs to me"
Isa 43:13
no one can rescue anyone from my hand
Here the word "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "no one can rescue anyone from my power"
Isa 43:28
I will hand Jacob over to complete destruction
Here to "hand over" represents putting someone under the power of another. The noun "destruction" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the enemy to completely destroy Jacob"
Isa 44:1
Jacob my servant
This refers to Jacob's descendants. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob, my servants"
Isa 44:20
his deceived heart misleads him
The heart represents the inner person. Alternate Translation: "he misleads himself because he is deceived"
Isa 44:21
Jacob, and Israel
This refers to people descended from Jacob, Israel. Alternate Translation: "you descendants of Israel"
Isa 45:22
all the ends of the earth
Here this phrase represents the people who live at "the ends of the earth." Alternate Translation: "you who live at the farthest places of the earth" or "all of you who live on the earth"
Isa 47:1
without a throne
Here "throne" refers to the power to rule. Alternate Translation: "without the power to rule"
Isa 47:6
gave them over into your hand
Here the word "hand" represents Babylon's power or control. Alternate Translation: "I put them under your power"
Isa 47:10
you say in your heart
Here the word "heart" refers to the inner person. Alternate Translation: "you say to yourself"
Isa 47:14
the hand of the flame
Here the word "hand" represents strength. Alternate Translation: "the power of the flame"
Isa 48:1
house of Jacob
Here "house" refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob"
Isa 48:9
For the sake of my name I will defer my anger
Here the word "name" refers to Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "For the sake of my reputation I will delay my anger"
Isa 48:19
their name would not have been cut off nor blotted out
The people of Israel being destroyed is spoken of as if their name had been cut off, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree, or blotted out. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I would not have cut off nor blotted out their name"
Isa 48:19
their name
Here the word "name" refers to the descendants who would carry on the name of Israel. Alternate Translation: "they"
Isa 48:20
his servant Jacob
This refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel, his servants"
Isa 49:1
you coastlands
This refers to the people who live on the coastlands. Alternate Translation: "you who live on the coastlands"
Isa 49:2
He has made my mouth like a sharp sword
Here the word "mouth" represents the words that he speaks. His words are compared to a sharp sword to emphasize that they will be effective. Alternate Translation: "He has made my words as effective as a sharp sword"
Isa 49:8
give you as a covenant for the people
Here the word "covenant" is a metonym for the one who establishes or mediates a covenant. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 42:6](../42/06.md). Alternate Translation: "make you be the mediator of a covenant with the people"
Isa 49:8
to rebuild the land
Here the word "land" represents the cities in the land that had been destroyed. Alternate Translation: "to rebuild the ruined places in the land"
Isa 50:2
Was my hand too short
Here the word "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Yahweh not being strong enough is spoken of as if his hand were short. Alternate Translation: "Was I not strong enough"
Isa 50:4
The Lord Yahweh has given me a tongue as one of those who are taught
The word "tongue" represents what he says. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh has enabled him to speak as one who has learned to speak skillfully. Alternate Translation: "The Lord Yahweh has enabled me to be a skillful speaker" or 2) Yahweh has taught him what to say. Alternate Translation: "The Lord Yahweh has enabled me to speak what he has taught me"
Isa 50:10
obeys the voice of his servant
Here the word "voice" represents what the servant says. Alternate Translation: "obeys his servant"
Isa 51:2
Abraham, your father
God speaks of their ancestor as if he were their father. Alternate Translation: "Abraham, your forefather" or "Abraham, your ancestor"
Isa 51:2
Sarah, who bore you
God speaks of Abraham's wife as if she were their mother and had given birth to them. Alternate Translation: "Abraham's wife, Sarah, of whom you are all descendants"
Isa 51:2
made him many
God speaks of Abraham's descendants being many as if Abraham were many. Alternate Translation: "made his descendants many" or "made him have many descendants"
Isa 51:3
Yahweh will comfort Zion
The city of Zion, which is also called Jerusalem, here represents the people of Zion. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will comfort the people of Zion"
Isa 51:3
he will comfort all her waste places
Here "waste places" represents the people who live in those desolate areas. Alternate Translation: "he will comfort the people who live in all her waste places"
Isa 51:5
my arm will judge the nations
Here God's arm represents his power, and judging represents ruling. Alternate Translation: "I will rule the nations with my power"
Isa 51:5
the coastlands
This refers to the people who live on the coasts of distant lands across the sea. Alternate Translation: "the people who live on the coastlands" or "the people who live in the lands across the sea"
Isa 51:5
for my arm they will eagerly wait
Here God's arm represents what he will do. Here it refers to him saving people. Alternate Translation: "they will eagerly wait for me to do something" or "they will eagerly wait for me to save them"
Isa 51:6
my salvation will continue forever
God's "salvation" here represents the result of his salvation, which is freedom. Alternate Translation: "I will save you, you will be free forever"
Isa 51:6
my righteousness will never stop working
God's "righteousness" here represents him ruling righteously. Alternate Translation: "my righteous rule will never end" or "I will rule righteously forever"
Isa 51:8
my righteousness will be forever
God's "righteousness" here represents him ruling righteously. Alternate Translation: "my righteous rule will be forever" or "I will rule righteously forever"
Isa 51:8
and my salvation to all generations
God's "salvation" here represents the result of his salvation, which is freedom. Being "to all generations" represents lasting forever. Alternate Translation: "I will save you, and you will be free forever"
Isa 51:14
The one who is bent down
This refers to the people of Israel who are slaves of the Babylonians. This phrase describes how they work. Alternate Translation: "The slave"
Isa 51:14
the pit
This refers to Sheol. Alternate Translation: "the pit of Sheol" or "the grave"
Isa 51:16
I have covered you in the shadow of my hand
Yahweh's "hand" refers to his power. This speaks of Yahweh protecting Isaiah as if his hand were covering him to protect him. Alternate Translation: "my power has kept you safe" or "I have protected you and kept you safe"
Isa 51:17
Awake, awake, stand up, Jerusalem
Here "Jerusalem" represents the people who live there. Yahweh speaks to the people of Jerusalem as if they were there listening to him. Alternate Translation: "Awake, awake, stand up, you people of Jerusalem"
Isa 51:19
the famine and the sword
The words "famine" and "sword" describe the trouble that will come upon the people. The "sword" refers to "war." Alternate Translation: "many of you have died from hunger and war"
Isa 51:22
the cup of staggering
The word "cup" refers to what is in the cup. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Isaiah 51:17](./17.md). Alternate Translation: "the cup of the wine that makes people stagger"
Isa 52:1
Zion ... Jerusalem
Both of these refer to the people who live in Jerusalem. Isaiah is speaking to the people as if they were there listening to him. Alternate Translation: "people of Zion ... people of Jerusalem"
Isa 52:1
enter you
Here "you" refers to Jerusalem which represents the people who live there. It is understood that the uncircumcised and unclean people would enter the city to attack the people. Alternate Translation: "enter your city to attack you"
Isa 52:2
Shake yourself off from the dust; arise and sit, Jerusalem
Here "Jerusalem" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "People of Jerusalem, sit up and shake the dirt off of yourself"
Isa 52:2
take off the chain from your neck, captive
It is implied that the people of Jerusalem were wearing chains because they were slaves while exiled in Babylon. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear.
Isa 52:4
Assyria has oppressed them
Assyria refers to the people of Assyria. Alternate Translation: "the people of Assyria have treated them badly"
Isa 52:5
my name is blasphemed continually all day long
Here "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "those who watch the enemy take away my people are continually saying evil things about me"
Isa 52:6
Therefore my people will know my name
Here "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "Therefore my people will truly know who I am"
Isa 52:7
to Zion
Here "Zion" represents the people of Zion. Alternate Translation: "to the people of Zion"
Isa 52:9
he has redeemed Jerusalem
Here "Jerusalem" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "he has redeemed the people of Jerusalem"
Isa 52:10
bared his holy arm
Here "arm" represents Yahweh's power. Yahweh showing all the people of the nations that he is holy and powerful is spoken of as if Yahweh were a warrior who removed his cloak, baring his arms for battle. Alternate Translation: "showed his holiness and mighty power"
Isa 52:10
all the nations; all the earth
Here "nations" and "earth" represent the people of all the nations all over the earth.
Isa 52:15
many nations
Here "nations" represents the people of the nations.
Isa 53:1
to whom has the arm of Yahweh been revealed?
Arm refers to God's power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has revealed his power to people."
Isa 53:3
from whom men hide their faces
Face represents a person's attention or fellowship. Hiding one's face means to turn away from someone. Alternate Translation: "from whom people turn away"
Isa 53:7
he did not open his mouth
Mouth represents what a person says. Opening one's mouth means to speak. Alternate Translation: "he did not protest"
Isa 53:9
nor had there been any deceit in his mouth
Mouth represents what a person says. Alternate Translation: "nor did he deceive anyone when he spoke"
Isa 53:11
After the suffering of his life
Here "his life" refers to the servant. Alternate Translation: "After the servant has suffered"
Isa 53:12
because he exposed himself to death
Exposed means to be vulnerable or unprotected. The servant of Yahweh put himself in a situation where he would die. Alternate Translation: "he willingly accepted the possibility of death"
Isa 54:3
will conquer nations
Here "nations" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "will conquer the people of other nations"
Isa 54:6
grieved in spirit
Here "spirit" represents a person's inner being. Alternate Translation: "grieved" or "made sad"
Isa 54:17
No weapon that is formed against you will succeed
Enemies not succeeding against Yahweh's people is spoken of as if their weapons would not succeed against Yahweh's people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Enemies may form weapons to attack you but they will not defeat you"
Isa 55:13
for his name
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh's fame. Alternate Translation: "for his fame" or "for his honor"
Isa 56:6
who love the name of Yahweh
Yahweh's "name" represents himself. Alternate Translation: "who love Yahweh"
Isa 57:15
spirit ... heart
Here these refer to a person's thoughts and emotions, not the spirit and heart literally.
Isa 57:17
he went backward in the way of his heart
This means the Israelites kept rejecting the true God for false ones. Here "backward" and "way" are location words representing motivations and feelings.
Isa 57:19
I create the fruit of the lips
Here "fruit of the lips" refers to what a person says. Alternate Translation: "I cause them to praise and thank me"
Isa 58:4
fist of wickedness
wicked fist. This shows that they fight viciously. "Fist" represents anger that is physically violent.
Isa 58:6
To release wicked bonds, to undo the ropes of the yoke, to set the crushed ones free, and to break every yoke
All of these phrases mean they should help those people whom the wicked are hurting and oppressing.
Isa 59:1
Yahweh's hand is not so short
Hand represents power and ability. A "short" hand does not have power and ability. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh is fully able"
Isa 59:3
For your hands are stained with blood and your fingers with sin
Here "hands" and "fingers" refers to their actions. This means they are guilty of doing violent and sinful things. "Your" is plural. Alternate Translation: "For you have committed violent sins"
Isa 59:3
Your lips speak lies and your tongue speaks maliciously
The parts of the body that make speech represent what people say. Alternate Translation: "You speak lies and malicious things"
Isa 59:6
deeds of violence are in their hands
Hands represents the ability and power to do these things and therefore their responsibility. Alternate Translation: "they are fully responsible for the violence they do"
Isa 59:16
Therefore his own arm brought salvation for him
Yahweh's "arm" represents his ability and power. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh used his own power to save the people"
Isa 59:19
fear the name of Yahweh
Here "name" refers to Yahweh's reputation and character. Alternate Translation: "fear Yahweh"
Isa 60:9
The coastlands
This refers to the people who live on the coastlands and describes the area of coastlands as if it was people looking out. Alternate Translation: "The people from the coastlands"
Isa 60:13
the place of my feet
This refers to Yahweh's temple.
Isa 60:18
but you will call your walls Salvation, and your gates Praise
The physical objects have the names of spiritual qualities. The city of Jerusalem will be a safe place, and the people there will praise Yahweh.
Isa 61:2
the year of Yahweh's favor, the day of vengeance
Both of these phrases refer to the same span of time. "Year" and "day" are both specific examples that represent the greater whole.
Isa 61:3
oil of joy ... a mantle of praise
People put oil on themselves and dressed in beautiful, long robes during times of celebration and joy.
Isa 62:8
by his right hand and by the arm of his strength
The right hand and arm represent power and authority. Alternate Translation: "by his power and authority"
Isa 62:10
Build it, build the highway
The word "build" is repeated to emphasize that Yahweh urgently wants the road prepared. The "highway" represents the way the people can return. This is similar to [Isaiah 40:3](../40/03.md) and [Isaiah 57:14](../57/14.md).
Isa 62:10
Raise up a signal flag for the nations
A signal flag represents something to draw the attention of others. This means Yahweh is calling the people of the other nations to take notice of the land of Israel and to see what Yahweh has accomplished as he said he would.
Isa 63:4
the year for my redemption
Here "year" refers to a specific time appointed by Yahweh for restoring Israel. Alternate Translation: "the time for my redemption"
Isa 63:5
but my own arm
Here "arm" represents power.
Isa 63:12
who made his glorious power go with the right hand of Moses
Here "right hand" represents the power of Yahweh through Moses. This means it was God's power that enabled Moses to divide the water of the Reed Sea.
Isa 63:14
to make yourself a name of praise
Here "name of praise" refers to honor and one's reputation. Alternate Translation: "to make sure you have an honored reputation for yourself"
Isa 66:6
A sound of battle tumult
The sound represents the real fighting that is going on in the temple as Yahweh is carrying out the punishment.
Isa 66:24
the worms that eat them
The worms represent the horror of decay and rot that are Yahweh's punishment on the wicked.
Isa 66:24
the fire that consumes
Fire also represents Yahweh's judgment.
Isa 66:24
all flesh
This expression represents all created living beings that shrink from the dead.
Jer 1:13
whose surface is churning
The surface refers to the surface of the water in the pot. Jeremiah could see the water boiling. Alternate Translation: "whose water is boiling"
Jer 1:15
against all the walls that surround it
Setting their thrones "against all the walls that surround it" represents commanding their armies to destroy the walls surrounding Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "and they will command their armies to destroy the walls surrounding Judah"
Jer 1:15
against all the cities of Judah
Setting their thrones "against all the cities of Judah" represents commanding their armies to destroy all the cities of Judah.
Jer 1:18
the whole land
This represents all the people of the land.
Jer 2:4
house of Jacob
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob"
Jer 2:4
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants, who had become the nation of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Jer 2:11
their glory
This expression refers to God himself, who is glorious. Alternate Translation: "their glorious God" or "me, your glorious God"
Jer 2:11
for what cannot help
Here false gods are spoken of in terms of what they cannot do. Alternate Translation: "for false gods, which cannot help" or "for gods who cannot help"
Jer 2:14
Was he born in his master's home
Here "born in his master's home" is metonym for being born into slavery. Alternate Translation: "Was he born a slave"
Jer 2:15
made his land a horror
This represents destroying the land in such a way that people will feel horror when they see it. Alternate Translation: "destroyed Israel's land"
Jer 2:26
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 2:4](./04.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Jer 2:27
These are the ones who say to the tree, 'You are my father,' and to the stone, 'You gave birth to me.'
Here "tree" and "stone" represent idols carved from wood and stone. These words emphasize that the idol was made of ordinary things and is not worthy of worship. Alternate Translation: "These people are the ones who say to a carved piece of wood, 'You are my father,' and to a carved stone, 'You gave birth to me.'"
Jer 2:35
I will bring down judgment on you
Here "judgment" represents punishment. Alternate Translation: "I will punish you"
Jer 3:2
Lift up your eyes
Here "your eyes" represents looking at something. Alternate Translation: "Look up"
Jer 3:3
you have the forehead of a prostitute
The arrogance showing on a person's face is spoken of as if the face itself were arrogant. Alternate Translation: "But the expression on your face shows that you arrogant, like the face of a prostitute"
Jer 3:9
she committed adultery with stones and trees
Here "stones" and "trees" represent the stone and wood material that was used to create idols. The people's idol worship is spoken of as if they were committing adultery.
Jer 3:12
Go and proclaim these words to the north
Here the north represents the people of Israel who had been taken north to Assyria. Alternate Translation: "Go and proclaim these words to the people of Israel"
Jer 3:15
shepherds after my heart
Here "heart" represents Yahweh's desire or will. The phrase "after my heart" is an idiom that describes people who do God's will. Alternate Translation: "shepherds who do my will" or "shepherds who do what I want"
Jer 3:16
This matter will no longer come up in their hearts
Here "come up in their hearts" represents thinking about it. Alternate Translation: "They will no longer think of this matter"
Jer 3:17
This is Yahweh's throne
Here "Yahweh's throne" represents the place from where Yahweh rules. Alternate Translation: "This is from where Yahweh rules"
Jer 3:18
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Judah"
Jer 3:18
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of Israel"
Jer 3:20
house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](./18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "kingdom of Israel" or "people of Israel"
Jer 3:23
Surely lies come from the hills
Here "the hills" represent the people's worship of false gods on the hills. The people now realize that those false gods could not guide and help them. Alternate Translation: "The false gods that we worshiped on the hills could not guide us"
Jer 3:25
have not listened to the voice of Yahweh our God
Here "listened" represents obeying, and "the voice of Yahweh" represents what Yahweh has said. Alternate Translation: "have not obeyed what Yahweh our God has said"
Jer 4:1
then it should be to me that you return
Possible meanings are that 1) this is a command that emphasizes who they should return to. Alternate Translation: "then come back to me" or "then worship me" 1) this is a repetition of the first phrase, which expresses a condition. Alternate Translation: "if you will come back to me" or "if you will start worshiping me again"
Jer 4:1
If you remove your detestable things from before me
Here "detestable things" refers to idols, which God hates. Alternate Translation: "If you remove your disgusting idols from my presence"
Jer 4:2
the nations will bless themselves in him
Here "the nations" is a metonym for people of other nations. The word "him" refers to Yahweh. Since Yahweh is speaking, it can also be translated as "me." Alternate Translation: "people of other nations will bless themselves in me"
Jer 4:2
the nations will bless themselves in him
Here "bless themselves in him" is a metonym for asking Yahweh to bless them. Alternate Translation: "the people of the nations will ask Yahweh to bless them"
Jer 4:6
from the north
This represents an enemy army that would come from the north.
Jer 4:7
to bring horror to your land
This represents destroying the land, which would cause people who see it to be horrified. Alternate Translation: "to destroy your land"
Jer 4:9
the hearts of the king and his officials will die
Here "hearts" represent courage. Also "the hearts ... will die" represents losing courage and being afraid. Alternate Translation: "the king and his officials will stop being courageous" or "the king and his officials will be terrified"
Jer 4:19
My heart! My heart!
Here "heart" represents painful emotions, such as grief and fear. The phrase is repeated to express the intensity of the pain.
Jer 4:29
Every city
Here "city" represents the people living in the city. Alternate Translation: "The people of every city"
Jer 4:30
you dress in scarlet
Here "scarlet" represents expensive, red clothing. Alternate Translation: "you wear expensive red clothing"
Jer 4:30
they are trying to take away your life
Here "trying to take your life away" represents trying to kill the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "They are trying to kill you"
Jer 5:3
They make their faces harder than rock
Hard faces represents the expression on their faces that shows that they are stubborn. The simile "harder than rock" shows that the people are extremely stubborn. Alternate Translation: "They are extremely stubborn"
Jer 5:11
For the houses of Israel and Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for a person's descendants. In this case it refers to the people of the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. Alternate Translation: "For the people of Israel and Judah"
Jer 5:13
The prophets will become wind
Here "prophets" is a metonym that represents what the prophets say, and "wind" is a metaphor for something that does not do anything. Alternate Translation: "The prophets words are just noisy wind" or "The prophets make noise like the wind, but what they prophesy will not happen"
Jer 5:16
Its quiver ... They are all soldiers
Here "Its quiver" represents the enemy nation's army, and the arrows in the quiver represent the soldiers in the army.
Jer 5:20
the house of Jacob
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. Translate "house of Jacob" as in [Jeremiah 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob"
Jer 5:21
you cannot see
Here "cannot see" is a metonym for not understanding. Alternate Translation: "you do not understand"
Jer 5:21
you cannot hear
Here "cannot hear" represents not understanding. "AT: "you do not understand"
Jer 6:1
wickedness is appearing from the north
Here "wickedness" represents disaster and the people who will cause it. Alternate Translation: "enemies will come from the north and cause disaster to happen to you" or "enemies coming from the north will destroy you"
Jer 6:3
each man will shepherd
God speaks of kings leading their armies to destroy the land, as if they were shepherds leading their sheep to eat grass. Alternate Translation: "like a shepherd each king will lead his army" or "each king will lead his army"
Jer 6:4
the daylight is fading away
The end of the day is spoken of in terms of its light becoming dark. Alternate Translation: "the day is ending" or "it is beginning to get dark"
Jer 6:8
Accept discipline, Jerusalem ... make you into a ruin, an uninhabited land
Here God speaks to the people of Jerusalem as if he were speaking to the city itself. Alternate Translation: "Accept discipline, you people of Jerusalem ... make your land into a ruin, an uninhabited land"
Jer 6:8
Accept discipline
Accept discipline here is a metaphor for learning from discipline. Alternate Translation: "Learn from your discipline" or "When I punish you, learn to do what is right"
Jer 6:19
Hear, earth
The word "earth" represents the people of the earth. Alternate Translation: "Hear, people that live on the earth"
Jer 6:25
for the swords of the enemy and terror are all around
The phrase "swords of the enemy" represents the enemy with their swords ready to attack. The abstract noun "terror" refers to things that cause people to be frightened and can be translated with an adjective. Alternate Translation: "For the enemy is everywhere with their swords and everyone else is terrified"
Jer 7:6
pour out innocent blood
Here pouring out innocent blood represents killing those not deserving death. Alternate Translation: "kill innocent people"
Jer 7:6
walk after other gods
Here walking after is a metonym for following after with the intent to serve and obey. Alternate Translation: "serve other gods"
Jer 7:9
walk after other gods
Here walking after is a metonym for following after with the intent to serve and obey. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:6](./06.md). Alternate Translation: "serve other gods"
Jer 7:10
house that is called by my name
This is a metonym for Yahweh's temple. It can be expressed in active form. Alternate Translation: "house that belongs to me" or "temple where you worship me"
Jer 7:14
this house that is called by my name
This is a metonym for Yahweh's temple. It can be expressed in active form. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:10](./10.md). Alternate Translation: "this house that belongs to me" or "this temple where you worship me"
Jer 7:23
Listen to my voice
Here listening to Yahweh's voice means to both hear his words and obey what he says. Alternate Translation: "Hear and obey what I say"
Jer 7:28
the voice of Yahweh its God
Here "the voice of Yahweh" represents what Yahweh has said. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:25](../03/25.md). Alternate Translation: "what Yahweh its God has said"
Jer 7:30
sons of Judah
This refers to the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "people of Judah"
Jer 7:30
their detestable things
Here "detestable things" refers to idols, which God hates. Alternate Translation: "their disgusting idols"
Jer 7:30
house that is called by my name
This is a metonym for Yahweh's temple. It can be expressed in active form. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:10](./10.md). Alternate Translation: "house that belongs to me" or "temple where they worship me"
Jer 7:31
nor did it enter my mind
Here the word "mind" refers to Yahweh's thoughts. Alternate Translation: "nor did I ever think about it"
Jer 7:34
the sound of the groom and the sound of the bride
This is a metonym for what happens at marriage ceremonies. Alternate Translation: "and people celebrating marriage"
Jer 8:8
The deceitful pen of the scribes
The pen represents the words that the scribes write. Alternate Translation: "The false things that the scribes write"
Jer 9:8
With their mouths they proclaim peace with their neighbors
Here people's speech is represented by their "mouths." Alternate Translation: "They speak, saying that they want peace with their neighbors"
Jer 9:13
they do not listen to my voice
Here Yahweh's "voice" represents what he says. Alternate Translation: "they do not pay attention to the things I tell them"
Jer 9:14
they have walked by their stubborn hearts
Here the people's "stubborn hearts" represent their stubborn desires and stubborn will. Also, here "walked" represents living. Alternate Translation: "they have been stubborn and lived the way they want to live"
Jer 9:16
I will send out a sword after them
Here the word "sword" refers to an enemy army. Alternate Translation: "I will send an army of soldiers to fight against them"
Jer 9:16
I have completely destroyed them
This is a metonym for Yahweh causing the people's enemies to destroy them. Alternate Translation: "I have caused their enemies to completely destroy them"
Jer 9:17
Send out for women skilled at lamenting
The phrase "send out for" is an idiom. Alternate Translation: "Send people out to get women who are skilled at mourning"
Jer 9:26
For all these nations are uncircumcised
The word "nations" refers to the people who live in these places. Foreigners being uncircumcised was a sign that they were not in Yahweh's covenant. Alternate Translation: "For the people of these nations did not enter into a covenant with Yahweh through circumcision"
Jer 9:26
all the house of Israel has an uncircumcised heart
The "heart" represents a person's will and desires. An "uncircumcised heart" represents the character of a person that does not follow Yahweh and his laws. Also, the "house" of Israel refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Israel are only circumcised on the outside and have not changed their hearts"
Jer 10:1
house of Israel
Here the "house" of Israel represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "people of Israel"
Jer 10:6
your name is great in power
Here Yahweh's "name" refers to himself and his reputation. Alternate Translation: "you are very powerful"
Jer 10:13
His voice makes the roar of waters in the heavens
Here Yahweh is represented by his "voice" to emphasize his speech. The phrase "the roar of waters" refers to loud storms. Alternate Translation: "His voice causes the storms in the sky"
Jer 10:16
the portion of Jacob
Here "Jacob" represents the people of Israel. God being their "portion" is an idiom that means that they worship him. Alternate Translation: "the portion of Israel" or "whom the people of Israel worship"
Jer 11:4
Listen to my voice
The word "voice" here is a metonym for what the speaker says with the voice, and "listen" is a metonym for "obey." Alternate Translation: "Obey what I say"
Jer 11:7
Listen to my voice
The word "voice" here is a metonym for what the speaker says with the voice, and "listen" is a metonym for "obey." Alternate Translation: "Obey what I say"
Jer 11:10
The house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "The kingdom of Israel"
Jer 11:10
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah"
Jer 11:12
The cities of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem
Here the "cities of Judah" represents the people who live in them. Alternate Translation: "The people who live in the cities of Judah and in Jerusalem"
Jer 11:17
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel"
Jer 11:17
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah"
Jer 11:20
the heart and the mind
The heart is a metonym for what a person feels and desires and "the mind" is a metonym for what a person thinks and decides. Alternate Translation: "a person's feelings and thoughts"
Jer 11:22
will die by the sword
Here the "sword" represents battle. Alternate Translation: "will die in battle"
Jer 12:2
You are near to them in their mouths, but far away from their hearts
Here "mouths" represents what a person says. And, "hearts" represents what a person thinks or feels. Also, being loyal is spoken of as if it were being near a person, and being disloyal is spoken of as if it were being far away from a person. Alternate Translation: "They always say good things about you, but they do not love or respect you"
Jer 12:3
my heart
Here the "heart" represents a person's thoughts and true feelings. Alternate Translation: "my thoughts" or "my inner feelings"
Jer 12:7
into the hands of her enemies
Here the word "hands" represents control. Alternate Translation: "to be conquered by her enemies" or "over to the control of her enemies"
Jer 12:10
Many shepherds have destroyed
Here the word "shepherds" refers to their sheep. Alternate Translation: "Many shepherds have allowed their sheep to destroy"
Jer 12:14
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah"
Jer 13:9
of Judah and Jerusalem
Here Judah and Jerusalem refer to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "of the people of Judah and Jerusalem"
Jer 13:11
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of Israel"
Jer 13:11
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Judah"
Jer 13:13
the kings who sit on David's throne
Here the throne that the king of Judah sits on is represented as "David's throne." Alternate Translation: "the kings who sit on Judah's throne" or "the kings of the nation of Judah"
Jer 13:19
All Judah will be taken captive, completely taken captive
Here "Judah" represents the people who live there. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The enemies will take all of the people of Judah captive into exile"
Jer 14:2
Let Judah mourn
Here "Judah" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "Let the people of Judah mourn"
Jer 14:7
for the sake of your name
Here Yahweh's "name" refers to his reputation. Alternate Translation: "for the sake of your reputation" or "in order that everyone can see that you are very great and keep your promises"
Jer 14:12
by sword
Here war is represented by the "sword" which was the common weapon used in battle. Alternate Translation: "by war" or "by battle"
Jer 14:13
You will not see the sword
Here "sword" represents war, and to "see" represents experiencing. Alternate Translation: "You will not experience any war"
Jer 14:14
in my name
This phrase refers to speaking with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative.
Jer 14:15
in my name
This phrase refers to speaking with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 14:14](./14.md).
Jer 14:15
there will be no sword ... and sword
Here the "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "there will be no war ... and war"
Jer 14:16
there will be no sword ... and sword
Here the "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "there will be no war ... and war"
Jer 14:18
there are the diseases that are caused by famine
Here the "diseases" represent the people who have these diseases because of their starvation. Alternate Translation: "there are the ones who are sick because of famine"
Jer 14:21
For the sake of your name
Here Yahweh's "name" refers to his reputation. Alternate Translation: "For the sake of your reputation" or "In order that everyone can see that you are very great and keep your promises"
Jer 14:21
your glorious throne
Yahweh's "throne" is represented by Zion, that is Jerusalem. His "throne" also represents the place where he rules as king. Alternate Translation: "do disgrace Zion where you glorious throne is" or "do not disgrace Zion, where you rule as king"
Jer 15:2
those who are for the sword should go to the sword
Here the "sword" represents war. To be "for the sword" means that God has appointed them to die in war. Alternate Translation: "those whom I have appointed to die in war should go to die in war"
Jer 15:3
the sword
Here the "sword" refers to the enemy soldiers. Alternate Translation: "the enemy soldiers"
Jer 15:5
for you, Jerusalem
Here "Jerusalem" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "for you people who live in Jerusalem"
Jer 15:6
I will strike you with my hand
Here "hand" represents power. Alternate Translation: "I will use my power to strike you"
Jer 15:9
I will give those who remain to the sword in the presence of their enemies
Here the "sword" represents the enemy soldiers. This means that Yahweh will allow the enemy solider to kill any of her children that remain. Alternate Translation: "I will allow the enemy soldiers to kill those of her children that remain alive"
Jer 15:16
the delight of my heart
Here the "heart" represents a person emotions and feelings. Alternate Translation: "what I love most"
Jer 15:21
the hand of the wicked ... the hand of the tyrant
Here the word "hand" represents control. Alternate Translation: "the control of the wicked ... the control of the tyrant"
Jer 16:7
none must give a comforting cup
Here the word "cup" represents the drink that the cup holds. Alternate Translation: "none must give a comforting drink"
Jer 16:19
The nations will go to you
Here the word "nations" represents the people from the nations. Alternate Translation: "The people from the nations will go to you" or "The people of the nations will come to you"
Jer 16:19
our ancestors inherited deceit
Here the word "deceit" refers to false gods. Alternate Translation: "our ancestors inherited nothing but false gods"
Jer 16:21
my hand and my power
Here the word "hand" refers to power and authority. The two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize Yahweh's great power. Alternate Translation: "my great power"
Jer 16:21
they will know that Yahweh is my name
Here the word "name" refers to Yahweh's entire person. Alternate Translation: "they will know that I am Yahweh, the true God"
Jer 17:5
he makes flesh his strength
Here the word "flesh" represents humans. Alternate Translation: "he depends on mere humans for strength"
Jer 17:5
turns his heart away from Yahweh
Here the word "heart" refers to the thoughts and emotions. Alternate Translation: "turns his devotion away from Yahweh"
Jer 17:9
The heart is more deceitful
Here the word "heart" refers to the minds and thoughts of people. Alternate Translation: "The human mind is more deceitful"
Jer 17:10
who tests the hearts
Here the word "hearts" represents the emotions. Alternate Translation: "who tests the emotions"
Jer 17:25
those who sit on David's throne
Here the throne that the king of Judah sits on is represented as "David's throne." See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 13:13](../13/13.md). Alternate Translation: "those who sit on Judah's throne" or "the kings of the nation of Judah"
Jer 18:4
that seemed good in his eyes to do
Here the word "eyes" represents sight and sight represents one's opinion. Alternate Translation: "as he thought best to do"
Jer 18:6
house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "kingdom of Israel" or "people of Israel"
Jer 18:10
if it does evil in my eyes
Here the word "it" refers to a nation or kingdom, which is a metonym for the people in that nation or kingdom. The word "eyes" represents seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate Translation: "if the people of that nation do things that I consider to be evil"
Jer 18:10
not listening to my voice
Here the word "voice" represents the words that Yahweh speaks. Here, "not listening" is an idiom that means that they do not obey. Alternate Translation: "not obeying what I say"
Jer 18:12
what his evil, stubborn heart desires
Here the word "heart" represents the person's mind or will. Alternate Translation: "what his evil, stubborn mind desires" or "whatever evil things that we stubbornly want to do"
Jer 18:20
to cause your fury to turn away from them
Here the word "fury" represents the punishment that Yahweh intended to inflict upon them. Jeremiah speaks of Yahweh not punishing them as if he were turning his fury away from them. Alternate Translation: "so that you would not punish them in your anger"
Jer 18:21
give them to the hands of those who use the sword
Here the word "hands" represents power. Alternate Translation: "cause those who use the sword to have power over them" or "cause them to die in battle"
Jer 19:4
filled this place with innocent blood
Here "innocent blood" represents the murder of innocent people. Yahweh speaks of murdering many people as filling a place with blood. Alternate Translation: "murdered many innocent people in this place"
Jer 19:5
nor did it enter my mind
Here the word "mind" refers to Yahweh's thoughts. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 7:31](../07/31.md). Alternate Translation: "nor did I ever think about it"
Jer 20:2
Pashhur beat Jeremiah
Possible meanings are 1) that Pashhur himself beat Jeremiah or 2) that Pashhur ordered other men to beat Jeremiah.
Jer 20:4
I will give all of Judah into the hand of the king of Babylon
Here the word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "I will enable the king of Babylon to conquer all of Judah"
Jer 20:5
I will place these things in the hand of your enemies
Placing things in people's hands represents giving thing to the people or allowing the people to take the things. Alternate Translation: "I will give these things to your enemies" or "I will allow your enemies to take possession of these things"
Jer 20:8
Yahweh's word has become for me reproach and mocking every day
Here "word" refers to the message of Yahweh. The words "reproach" and "mocking" can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate Translation: "people reproach and mock me every day because I proclaim Yahweh's message"
Jer 20:9
I will not speak any longer in his name
Possible meanings are 1) "I will never mention Yahweh or say anything about him" or 2) the word "name" represents authority. Alternate Translation: "I will no longer speak as his messenger"
Jer 20:12
see the mind and the heart
The word "mind" is a metonym for what a person thinks and decides, and the word "heart" is a metonym for what a person feels and desires. Alternate Translation: "know every person's thoughts and feelings"
Jer 20:13
those who are oppressed from the hand of evildoers
Here the word "hand" represents power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "those whom evildoers oppress with their power"
Jer 21:4
the instruments of war that are in your hand
Possible meanings are 1) the instruments of war refers to the soldiers who carry them and "hand" represents control. Alternate Translation: "the soldiers that you command" or 2) the instruments of war are literal weapons and "your hand" represent both the king and his soldiers. Alternate Translation: "the weapons that you and your soldiers carry"
Jer 21:7
the sword
Here this refers to the battle in which swords are used. Alternate Translation: "the war"
Jer 21:7
into the hand
Here "hand" refers to the power of their enemies over them. Alternate Translation: "into the power"
Jer 21:7
with the edge of the sword
Possible meanings are 1) this is a metonym for death in battle. Alternate Translation: "in battle" or 2) they will be killed by literal swords.
Jer 21:9
by the sword, famine, and plague
Death by the sword refers to death in battle. Alternate Translation: "in battle and by famine and plague"
Jer 21:10
into the hand of the king
Here "hand" represents the power of the king to destroy the city. Alternate Translation: "into the power of the king"
Jer 21:11
the house of the king of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to king and his family. Alternate Translation: "the king of Judah and his family"
Jer 21:12
House of David
This refers to the same people as "the house of the king of Judah." All of the kings of Judah were descendants of David. Alternate Translation: "Descendants of David"
Jer 21:12
the hand of the oppressor
Here "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "the power of the one who oppresses them"
Jer 22:3
the hand of the oppressor
Here "the hand" refers to power or control. Alternate Translation: "the power of the oppressor" or "the one who would harm him"
Jer 22:4
kings sitting on David's throne
The metonym "throne" refers to kingly authority like David had. Alternate Translation: "kings, ruling like David before them"
Jer 22:4
riding in a chariot and on horses
This phrase is a metonym that describes the kings as powerful and wealthy.
Jer 22:6
the house of the king of Judah
Possible meanings are 1) this refers to the royal palace where the king lived or 2) "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, who were the royal line of the kings of Judah. Alternate Translation: "the royal dynasty of Judah"
Jer 22:13
his house
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to King Jehoiakim and his family.
Jer 22:17
there is nothing in your eyes and heart except worry ... crushing of others
Here "eyes" is a metonym for seeing and "heart" is a metonym for thinking. Alternate Translation: "you never look for or think about anything except ... crushing of others" or "you only look for and think about ways to cheat others and pour out innocent blood, and to oppress and crush others"
Jer 22:21
you have not listened to my voice
Listening is a metonym for obeying. Alternate Translation: "you have not obeyed me"
Jer 22:24
the signet on my right hand
A signet ring was used by a king to place his seal of authority on documents. The signet ring therefore represents authority to rule. The right hand also represents authority to rule. Alternate Translation: "the signet ring on my right hand that represented my authority to be king"
Jer 22:25
to the hand of
Here the metonym "hand" represents power and control.
Jer 22:30
sit on David's throne
Sitting on a throne is a metonym for ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "become king"
Jer 23:5
in the land
Here "land" refers to the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "for all the people in the nation"
Jer 23:6
Judah will be rescued
Here "Judah" refers to the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah will be rescued"
Jer 23:6
Israel will live in security
Here "Israel" refers to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel will live in security"
Jer 23:8
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel"
Jer 23:9
Regarding the prophets, my heart is broken in me, and all of my bones tremble
The prophet speaks of his heart being broken and his bones trembling because he is afraid of the judgment that will result from the lies of the false prophets. Alternate Translation: "I have great fear for what will happen because of the false prophets"
Jer 23:9
all of my bones tremble
Here trembling is associated with fear. Alternate Translation: "I am very afraid"
Jer 23:16
visions from their own minds
Here "minds" refers to the thoughts of the false prophets. Alternate Translation: "visions that they imagined"
Jer 23:16
not from Yahweh's mouth
Here "mouth" refers to what Yahweh said. Alternate Translation: "not what Yahweh said"
Jer 23:20
carried out and brought into being his heart's intentions
Here "heart's intentions" refers to the things that Yahweh wanted to happen. Alternate Translation: "completed and accomplished all the punishment that he had planned"
Jer 23:25
in my name
This phrase refers to speaking with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative. See how you translated this phrase in [Jeremiah 14:14](../14/14.md).
Jer 23:27
forget my name ... forgot my name
Here the word "name" refers to the whole being of Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "forget me ... forgot me" or "forget who I am ... forgot who I am"
Jer 23:27
in favor of Baal's name
Here "Baal's name" refers to the god Baal. Alternate Translation: "leading my people to worship Baal instead of me"
Jer 23:31
who use their tongues
Here "tongues" is a metonym for the ability to speak.
Jer 23:34
his house
Here "house" is a metonym for the family that lives inside it. Alternate Translation: "his family"
Jer 24:6
I will set my eyes on them for good
Here "set my eyes" means he will see them. Seeing them is a metonym for caring for them. Alternate Translation: "I will bless them"
Jer 24:7
I will give them a heart to know me
Here "a heart" refers to their desires. Alternate Translation: "I will cause them to desire to know me"
Jer 24:10
I will send out sword
Here "sword" refers to war or enemy armies. Alternate Translation: "I will send enemy armies" or "I will send out war"
Jer 25:15
make all the nations ... drink it
The word "nations" represents the people of the nations. Yahweh speaks of people experiencing his fury as if they were to drink the wine that is in the cup. Alternate Translation: "make all the people of the nations ... drink the wine"
Jer 25:16
before the sword that I am sending out among them
Here the word "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "because of the wars that I am causing to happen among them"
Jer 25:17
I made all the nations ... drink it
The word "nations" represents the people of the nations. Alternate Translation: "I made all the people of the nations ... drink the wine from the cup"
Jer 25:19
Other nations also had to drink it
The word "nations" represents the people of the nations. Alternate Translation: "People from other nations also had to drink the wine from the cup"
Jer 25:26
all of them had to drink the cup from Yahweh's hand
Here "the cup" is a metonym for the wine that it contains. Alternate Translation: "all of these people had to drink the wine from the cup in Yahweh's hand"
Jer 25:27
before the sword that I am sending among you
Here the word "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "before the wars that I am causing to happen among you"
Jer 25:29
the city that is called by my name
This refers to Jerusalem and can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the city that I have called by my name" or "Jerusalem, which I have called by my name"
Jer 25:29
I am calling a sword against all the inhabitants of the land
Here the word "sword" represents war. Yahweh speaks of declaring war against the people as if he were calling a sword against them. Alternate Translation: "I am declaring war against all the inhabitants of the land" or "I am bringing war against all the inhabitants of the land"
Jer 25:30
from the heights
This phrase is a metonym for heaven. Alternate Translation: "from heaven"
Jer 25:31
on all flesh
Here the word "flesh" represents humanity. Alternate Translation: "on all mankind" or "on all people"
Jer 26:6
I will turn this city into a curse
What Yahweh would turn the city into is a metonym for what people would use the city for. Alternate Translation: "I will make this city so that people will ask me to destroy others the way I have destroyed this city"
Jer 26:15
you are bringing innocent blood on yourselves and on this city and its inhabitants
Blood is a metonym for violent death, and to bring blood on someone is to make them guilty of violent death. Alternate Translation: "you are making yourselves and this city and its inhabitants guilty of the violent death of an innocent person"
Jer 26:15
for your ears
The ear is a metonym for what the ear hears. Alternate Translation: "for you to hear"
Jer 26:16
in the name of Yahweh our God
The person's name is a metonym for his authority. Alternate Translation: "with the authority of Yahweh our God"
Jer 26:19
all of Judah
The land is a metonym for the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Judah"
Jer 26:20
prophesied against this city and this land
The words "city" and "land" are metonyms for the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "prophesied that bad things would happen to the people who lived in this city and this land"
Jer 26:24
the hand of Ahikam ... was with Jeremiah
The hand is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises. Ahikam was not a soldier, so he probably was able to talk to people and change their minds. Alternate Translation: "Ahikam ... was able to help Jeremiah" or "Ahikam ... was able to keep the people from harming Jeremiah"
Jer 26:24
he was not given into the hand of the people to be put to death
The hand is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Ahikam did not allow the people to have the power to put Jeremiah to death" or "the people could not kill Jeremiah because Ahikam did not give them the power to"
Jer 27:5
I ... am giving all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar ... servant
The hand is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises, and the word "lands" is a metonym for the people who live in those lands. Alternate Translation: "I ... am putting the people who live in all these lands under the power of Nebuchadnezzar ... servant"
Jer 27:6
I ... am giving all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar ... servant
The hand is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises, and the word "lands" is a metonym for the people who live in those lands. Alternate Translation: "I ... am putting the people who live in all these lands under the power of Nebuchadnezzar ... servant"
Jer 27:7
subdue him
Here "him" refers to Nebuchadnezzar who represents the kingdom of Babylon. Alternate Translation: "will defeat Babylon"
Jer 27:8
I have destroyed it by his hand
The hand here could be a metonym for Nebuchadnezzar's power, or it could be a metonym for Nebuchadnezzar's armies. Alternate Translation: "I have used Nebuchadnezzar's power to destroy it" or "I have enabled Nebuchadnezzar's armies to destroy i"
Jer 27:15
they are prophesying deceit in my name
The phrase "in my name" represents speaking with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative. Here these prophets claim that they received their message from Yahweh, but that had not. The abstract noun "deceit" can be translated as the verb "deceiving." Alternate Translation: "they say they are speaking for me when they prophesy, but they are deceiving you"
Jer 28:11
every nation
The word "nation" is a metonym for the people of that nation. Alternate Translation: "the people of every nation"
Jer 29:7
Seek the peace of the city
The peace of the city is a metonym for the people living in peace. Alternate Translation: "Do everything you can so the people of the city live in peace"
Jer 29:12
you will call to me
Praying is spoken of as calling out with a loud voice.
Jer 29:13
you will seek me
Wanting to know what Yahweh requires is spoken of as trying to find where Yahweh is. Alternate Translation: "you will want to do what I require you to do"
Jer 29:16
the king who sits on the throne of David
Sitting on the throne is a metonym for ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "the king who rules the Israelites as David did"
Jer 29:17
I am about to send sword, famine, and disease on them
The word "sword" is a metonym for war. The sword, famine, and disease are spoken of as people who can obey Yahweh's command to harm the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "I am going to punish them by having them die in war, from hunger, and from illness"
Jer 29:21
who prophesy falsely to you in my name
Here "name" is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "liars who tell you that they are speaking my words to you"
Jer 29:21
I am about to put them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon
Here "hand" is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises. Alternate Translation: "I will allow Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon to conquer them"
Jer 29:25
in your own name
The word "name" refers to a person's authority and reputation. Alternate Translation: "based on your own authority and reputation"
Jer 30:7
for Jacob, but he will be rescued from it
The name Jacob is a metonym for the man's descendants. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "for the descendants of Jacob, but I will rescue them from it"
Jer 30:9
David their king
This is a metonym for one of David's descendants. Alternate Translation: "a man descended from their King David"
Jer 30:10
my servant Jacob ... Israel
Jacob and "Israel" are the two names of the ancestor of the Israelites, and these names are metonyms for the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob ... you Israelite people"
Jer 30:10
Jacob will return ... he will be secure
Jacob's name is a metonym for his descendants. Yahweh speaks to Jacob as if he were speaking to another person. You may need to make explicit to where Jacob will return. Alternate Translation: "Jacob will return to his own land ... he will be secure" or "The descendants of Jacob will return ... they will be secure" or "You descendants of Jacob will return ... you will be secure"
Jer 30:17
No one cares for this Zion
The place name "Zion" is a metonym for the people who live in Zion. Alternate Translation: "No one cares about the people of Zion"
Jer 30:18
I am about to bring back the fortunes of Jacob's tents and have compassion on his homes
The places where people live are metonyms for the people who live in those places. Alternate Translation: "I am about bring back the fortunes of the descendants of Jacob, and I will have compassion on them"
Jer 31:2
who have survived the sword
The word "sword" is a metonym for war. Alternate Translation: "who have survived the war"
Jer 31:3
Yahweh appeared to me
Jeremiah speaks of himself as if he were the people of Israel.
Jer 31:15
It is Rachel weeping for her children
Rachel was the wife of Jacob/Israel and was the mother of the tribes of Joseph and Benjamin. Her name is a metonym for the women of Israel who are crying because the Babylonians have killed their children or taken them away.
Jer 31:18
I have certainly heard Ephraim sorrowing
Ephraim was the ancestor of the largest tribe in Israel. His name is a metonym for the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "I have certainly heard the descendants of Ephraim sorrowing" or "I have certainly heard the people of Israel sorrowing"
Jer 31:24
Judah and all its cities will live together there
The name of the man Judah is a metonym for the land on which his descendants, the people of the tribe of Judah, live, and the cities of Judah are spoken of as if they were the family of the man Judah, all of them living "there," in the land of Judah. Alternate Translation: "it will be as if the land were a house in which Judah lived with his family"
Jer 31:27
I will sow the houses of Israel and Judah with the descendants of man and beast
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the people of Israel and the people of Judah. The house in turn is spoken of as if it were a field in which Yahweh would sow seed, and the people and the animals they raise for food, milk, and skins are spoken of as if they are that seed. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the people of Israel and Judah to become many people with many animals"
Jer 31:31
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of Israel"
Jer 31:31
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Judah"
Jer 31:33
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of Israel"
Jer 32:3
Zedekiah king of Judah had imprisoned him
It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Zedekiah do this.
Jer 32:4
he will certainly be given into the hand of the king of Babylon
The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will certainly put him under the control of the king of Babylon" or "I will certainly allow the king of Babylon to do whatever he wants with him"
Jer 32:17
by your great strength and with your raised arm
The phrase "raised arm" is a metonym for the strength of the arm, so the words "your great strength" and "your raised arm" form a doublet. Alternate Translation: "by your great power"
Jer 32:18
pour the guilt of men into the laps of their children after them
The word "guilt" is a metonym for Yahweh punishing people because they are guilty of doing evil things. Yahweh punishing people is spoken of as if he were pouring a large container full of liquid or small objects into people's laps as they sit. Alternate Translation: "you punish children for the sins of their parents"
Jer 32:19
for your eyes are open to all the ways of people
Open eyes are a metonym for what the person sees. How a person lives is spoken of as if he were walking on a path. Alternate Translation: "You see everything that people do"
Jer 32:20
you have made your name famous
Here "name" refers to God's reputation. Alternate Translation: "you have made yourself famous"
Jer 32:21
with a strong hand, with a raised arm
The phrase "strong hand" is a metonym for strength, and the phrase "raised arm" is a metonym for the strength of the arm, so the phrases "strong hand" and "raised arm" form a doublet. Alternate Translation: "by your great strength"
Jer 32:23
But they did not obey your voice
The voice is a metonym for the message the speaker gives. Alternate Translation: "But they did not obey what you said"
Jer 32:24
because of sword
The word "sword" is a metonym for war, where soldiers use swords. Alternate Translation: "because soldiers will attack"
Jer 32:24
the city has been given into the hand of the Chaldeans
Here "hand" means power or control. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "you have given Jerusalem to the Chaldean army"
Jer 32:28
give this city into the hand of the Chaldeans
Yahweh speaks of the city as if it were a small object that he could put into a person's hand. The word "hand" is a metonym for the power that the hand puts into action. Alternate Translation: "put this city under the power of the Chaldeans"
Jer 32:30
doing evil before my eyes
Here the metonym "eyes" represents what God sees. Possible meanings are 1) "doing what I consider evil" or 2) "doing evil knowing that I am watching"
Jer 32:31
this city has been a provocation of my wrath and fury since the day that they built it
Here "city" is a metonym for the people that live there. The words "wrath" and "fury" mean basically the same thing and emphasize how very angry he is. Alternate Translation: "the people of Jerusalem have made me very angry since the day they built their city"
Jer 32:35
It never entered my mind
Here "mind" refers to Yahweh's thoughts. Alternate Translation: "I never thought at all"
Jer 32:36
It is given into the hand of the king of Babylon
Here "hand" means power or control. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has given it to the king of Babylon" or "Yahweh has given the king of Babylon the power to rule it"
Jer 32:39
one heart and one way to honor me
The people of Israel will want to work together to honor Yahweh.
Jer 32:43
It has been given into the hand of the Chaldeans
Here "hand" is a metonym for power or control. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has given it to the Chaldeans" or "Yahweh has given the Chaldeans power over it"
Jer 33:4
the sword
This is a metonym for people dying violently when soldiers kill with swords.
Jer 33:9
this city ... do for it ... give to it
The city is a metonym for the people who live in the city. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in this city ... do for the people who live there ... give to the people who live there"
Jer 33:9
a song of praise and honor for all the nations of the earth
The word "song" is a metonym for the object about which people will sing the song. Alternate Translation: "something about which all the people groups of the earth will sing songs of praise and honor to me, Yahweh"
Jer 33:11
I will restore the fortunes of the land
The word "land" is a metonym for the people who live on the land. Alternate Translation: "I will again cause things to go well for the people who live on the land" or "I will cause the people who live on the land to live well again" See how similar words are translated in [Jeremiah 29:14](../29/14.md).
Jer 33:14
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel"
Jer 33:14
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah"
Jer 33:14
Judah ... Jerusalem
These towns' names are metonyms for the people who live in the towns. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah ... the people of Jerusalem"
Jer 33:15
the land
the nation of Israel
Jer 33:16
Judah ... Jerusalem
These towns' names are metonyms for the people who live in the towns. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah ... the people of Jerusalem"
Jer 33:17
to sit on the throne of the house of Israel
The throne is a metonym for the king. Alternate Translation: "to be king over the house of Israel"
Jer 33:17
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 3:18](../03/18.md). Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel"
Jer 33:21
to sit on his throne
The throne is a metonym for the king who sits on the throne. Alternate Translation: "to rule the kingdom I have given to him"
Jer 33:24
my people ... are no longer a nation in their sight
Sight is a metonym for thinking. Alternate Translation: "they no longer think of my people as a nation"
Jer 34:1
all of her cities
This refers to all the towns around Jerusalem.
Jer 34:2
into the hand of the king of Babylon
Here the word "hand" is a metonym for the control that the hand exercises. Alternate Translation: "under the control of the king of Babylon"
Jer 34:3
You will not escape from his hand
Here the word "hand" is a metonym for the control that the hand exercises. Alternate Translation: "You will not escape from his control"
Jer 34:4
You will not die by the sword.
The word "sword" is a metonym for dying in war. Alternate Translation: "You will not die in battle"
Jer 34:14
did not ... incline their ears to me
To incline the ear, to lean the head toward the speaker so as to hear better, is a metonym for paying attention to what the speaker is saying. Alternate Translation: "did not ... pay attention to what I said"
Jer 34:15
right in my eyes
Eyes here is a metonym for someone's opinion or idea. Alternate Translation: "what I consider to be right"
Jer 34:16
turned and polluted my name
A person's name is a metonym for what people think of him. Alternate Translation: "stopped doing what was right and did evil things that have made people think that I am evil"
Jer 34:17
sword
This is a metonym for soldiers who carry swords. Alternate Translation: "enemy soldiers to kill you"
Jer 34:20
I will give them into the hand of their enemies
The word "hand" here is a metonym for the power or control that the enemies will exercise using their hands. AT; "I will allow their enemies to have complete control over them"
Jer 34:20
into the hand of their enemies
Here the word "hands" represents control. Alternate Translation: "to be conquered by their enemies" or "over to the control of their enemies"
Jer 35:8
the voice of Jonadab
The word "voice" is a metonym for the command that Jonadab spoke. Alternate Translation: "the command of Jonadab"
Jer 36:3
forgive their iniquity and their sin
The words "iniquity" and "sin" are metonyms for the persons who commit iniquity and sin. Alternate Translation: "forgive them for their iniquity and their sin"
Jer 36:30
will ever sit on the throne of David
Sitting on the throne is a metonym for ruling as king. See how you translated "sits on the throne of David" in [Jeremiah 29:16](../29/16.md). Alternate Translation: "will ever rule the Israelites as David did"
Jer 37:17
You will be given into the hand of the king of Babylon
The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. This can be translated in active form. See how you translated similar words in [Jeremiah 32:4](../32/04.md). Alternate Translation: "I will certainly put you under the control of the king of Babylon" or "I will certainly allow the king of Babylon to do whatever he wants with you"
Jer 38:3
This city will be given into the hand of the army of the king of Babylon
The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will allow the army of the king of Babylon to conquer Jerusalem"
Jer 38:4
he is weakening the hands of the fighting men who remain in this city, and the hands of all the people
Weak hands are a metonym for a person who is afraid. Alternate Translation: "he is causing the soldiers and all the people in the city to lose courage"
Jer 38:5
he is in your hand
The hand is a metonym for the power that the hand has. Alternate Translation: "you are able do whatever you want with him"
Jer 38:15
I will not ... give you into the hand of those men
Here the word "hand" refers to the men's control or power. Alternate Translation: "I will not ... allow those men to capture you"
Jer 38:16
I will not ... give you into the hand of those men
Here the word "hand" refers to the men's control or power. Alternate Translation: "I will not ... allow those men to capture you"
Jer 38:17
God of Israel
The name of the people group is metonym for the people of that group. Alternate Translation: "God of the people of Israel"
Jer 38:18
you will not escape from their hand
The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. Alternate Translation: "you will not escape from their power"
Jer 38:23
will not escape from their hand
The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. Alternate Translation: "will not escape from their power"
Jer 38:23
You will be captured by the hand of the king of Babylon, and this city will be burned
The word "hand" is a metonym for the power or control that the hand exercises. This can be translated in active form. The reader should probably understand that many people will help the king do this. Alternate Translation: "The army of the king of Babylon will capture you and will burn the city"
Jer 39:17
you will not be given into the hand of the men whom you fear
Here "hand" refers to power or control. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the men you fear will not harm you" or "I will not allow anyone to put you under the control of the people whom you fear"
Jer 40:4
it is good in your eyes
Eyes here is a metonym for what the person thinks. Alternate Translation: "it is what you consider to be right"
Jer 40:5
it is good in your eyes
Eyes here is a metonym for what the person thinks. Alternate Translation: "it is what you consider to be right"
Jer 41:2
in charge of the land
Here "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "in charge of the people of Judah"
Jer 41:5
in their hands
Having things in the hands here is probably a metaphor for carrying those things or having them in their possession. Alternate Translation: "in their possession"
Jer 41:9
that King Asa dug
Here King Asa represents his men. Alternate Translation: "that King Asa ordered his men to dig"
Jer 41:18
in charge of the land
Here "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "in charge of the people of Judah"
Jer 42:6
the voice of Yahweh our God
Here "voice" represents what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "what Yahweh our God says" or "we will obey Yahweh our God"
Jer 42:11
rescue you from his hand
Here the word "hand" refers to power and authority. Alternate Translation: "rescue you from his power" or "rescue you from him"
Jer 42:13
if you do not listen to my voice, the voice of Yahweh your God
Here "voice" represents a command. To not obey is like the people did not hear Yahweh's command. Alternate Translation: "if you do not obey my commands, even though I am Yahweh, your God"
Jer 42:14
we will not go hungry for food
Being hungry for food is used to describe famine.
Jer 42:16
the sword that you fear will overtake you
Here "the sword" represents war. The Israelites experiencing war even if they go to Egypt is spoken of as if the sword would chase after the people catch up with them. Alternate Translation: "you will experience the terrible results of war"
Jer 42:21
to the voice of Yahweh your God
Here "voice" represents what Yahweh commanded. Alternate Translation: "to what Yahweh your God commanded"
Jer 42:22
you will die by sword
Here "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "you will die in warfare"
Jer 43:3
to deliver us into the hand of the Chaldeans
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "to give us over to the Chaldeans"
Jer 43:4
refused to listen to Yahweh's voice
Here "voice" represents commands. And here "to listen" means "to obey." Alternate Translation: "would not obey Yahweh's command"
Jer 43:10
I will place his throne over these stones that you, Jeremiah, have buried. Nebuchadnezzar will place his pavilion over them
Both the king's "throne" and "pavilion" are used to refer to his royal authority. Alternate Translation: "I will cause him to rule as king over the people of Egypt. He will place his throne and pavilion over these stones you have buried"
Jer 43:11
he will come
Here "he" refers to Nebuchadnezzar who represents his whole army. Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar's army will come"
Jer 43:11
Anyone who is assigned to the sword will be given to the sword
Here "sword" represents battle. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Everyone will die in battle whom I have decided will die in battle"
Jer 43:12
Then I will light a fire
Here "I" refers to Yahweh. This represents Yahweh sending the Babylonian army to light a fire. Alternate Translation: "Then I will cause the Babylonian army to light a fire"
Jer 43:12
Nebuchadnezzar will ... He will
Here Nebuchadnezzar represents his army. Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar's army will ... They will"
Jer 44:8
you will be a curse and a reproach among all the nations of the earth
Here "nations" represent the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people of all the nations of the earth will curse you and hate you"
Jer 44:13
I punished Jerusalem
Here "Jerusalem" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "I punished the people of Jerusalem"
Jer 44:13
with the sword, with famine, and with the plague
Here "sword" represents enemies carrying weapons. Alternate Translation: "by causing enemies to kill some of them, others to starve to death, and others to die because of disease"
Jer 44:16
About the word that you have told us in Yahweh's name—we will not listen to you
Here "in Yahweh's name" means "in Yahweh's authority" or "as Yahweh's representative." Alternate Translation: "We will not obey this message that you say Yahweh told you to tell us"
Jer 44:18
were dying by sword and famine
Here "sword" represents enemies carrying weapons. Alternate Translation: "enemy soldiers were killing some of us and some of us were dying of hunger"
Jer 44:23
you would not listen to his voice
Here "voice" refers to Yahweh's commands. Alternate Translation: "you would not obey his commands"
Jer 44:24
all of Judah
Here "Judah" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Judah"
Jer 44:26
all of Judah
Here "Judah" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Judah"
Jer 44:26
My name will no longer be called upon by the mouths of any of the men of Judah in all the land of Egypt
Here "name" represents the whole being of Yahweh. And, "mouth" represents the whole person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "No person of Judah living in the land of Egypt will ever call upon me again"
Jer 44:28
Then the survivors of the sword
Here "sword" represents enemies carrying weapons. Alternate Translation: "Then those whom the enemies do not kill"
Jer 44:30
I am about to give Pharaoh Hophra king of Egypt into the hand of his enemies and into the hand of those who seek to kill him
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "I will allow the enemies who want to kill Pharaoh Hophra, the king of Egypt, to defeat him"
Jer 44:30
when I gave Zedekiah king of Judah into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, his enemy who sought his life
Here "hand" represents power or control. And, Nebuchadnezzar represents his whole army. The phrase "sought his life" is an idiom that means to want to kill someone. Alternate Translation: "when I allowed the army of Nebuchadnezzar to defeat Zedekiah king of Judah"
Jer 46:2
that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon
Here Nebuchadnezzar represents his army. Alternate Translation: "that the army of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon"
Jer 46:8
Egypt rises ... Egypt says ... I will
Here "Egypt" represents all the people of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "The Egyptians rise ... The Egyptians say ... We will"
Jer 46:9
Go up, horses. Be angry, you chariots
Here "horses" and "chariots" represent the soldiers who use horses and chariots in battle. The leaders of Egypt are ordering their soldiers to start the battle. Alternate Translation: "Go up to battle, you soldiers on horses. Fight furiously, you soldiers in chariots"
Jer 46:12
The earth is filled with your laments
Here "earth" is a metonym for the people of the earth and a generalization for the people who know what has happened to Egypt. All the people of the earth hearing the Egyptians crying is spoken of as if their laments filled the earth. Alternate Translation: "All the people of the earth hear you crying"
Jer 46:13
when Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon
Here Nebuchadnezzar represents his army. Alternate Translation: "when the army of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon"
Jer 46:13
the land of Egypt
Here "land" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Egypt" or "the Egyptians"
Jer 46:14
the sword will devour those around you
The word "sword" here represents soldiers carrying weapons. The enemy soliders killing people is spoken of as if their swords were devouring people. Alternate Translation: "your enemies will kill people all around you"
Jer 46:16
Let us leave this sword that is beating us down
Here "sword" represents the enemy soldiers who are carrying weapons. Alternate Translation: "Let us run away from our enemies because they are killing us"
Jer 46:24
She will be given into the hand of people from the north
Here "hand" represents power or control. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I, Yahweh, will allow the people from the north to defeat the Egyptians"
Jer 46:25
Egypt and her gods
Here "Egypt" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "all the people of Egypt and the gods they worship"
Jer 46:26
I am giving them into the hand of the ones seeking their lives
Here "hand" represents power or control. The phrase "seeking their lives" is an idiom that mean to want to kill someone. Alternate Translation: "I will allow those who are wanting to kill them to defeat them"
Jer 46:26
and into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and his servants
Here "hand" represents power or control. "Nebuchadnezzar ... his servants" names specifically "the ones seeking their lives." Alternate Translation: "that is, I will allow Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and his servants to defeat the Egyptians"
Jer 47:1
before Pharaoh
Here "Pharaoh" represents the Egyptians army. Alternate Translation: "before Pharaoh's army"
Jer 48:1
To Moab
Here "Moab" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "To the people of Moab"
Jer 48:1
Woe to Nebo, for it has been devastated
Here "Nebo" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "How terrible it is for the people of Nebo, for their city is devastated"
Jer 48:1
Kiriathaim has been humiliated
Here "Kiriathaim has been humiliated" represents the people being humiliated. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The enemy has captured the city of Kiriathaim and humiliated the people who live there"
Jer 48:1
Her fortress has been disgraced
Here "fortress has been disgraced" represents the people being disgraced. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The enemy has destroyed the fortress in Kiriathaim and disgraced its people"
Jer 48:2
a sword will go after you
Here "sword" represents the enemy army carrying weapons. Alternate Translation: "your enemies will chase after you and kill you"
Jer 48:4
Her children
Possible meanings are 1) the children who lived in Moab or 2) "children" is a metonym that represents the people of Moab in general. Alternate Translation: "The people of Moab"
Jer 48:8
no city will escape
Here "city" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "no people from any city will escape"
Jer 48:8
So the valley will perish and the plain will be devastated
Here "valley" and "plain" represent the cities and the people in those places Alternate Translation: "So the enemy army will destroy everything in the valleys and on the plains"
Jer 48:10
from shedding blood
Here "blood" represents a person's life. And "shedding blood" is an idiom that means to kill. Alternate Translation: "from killing people"
Jer 48:13
Then Moab
Here "Moab" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "Then the people of Moab"
Jer 48:13
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. See how you translated this in [Jeremiah 2:4](../02/04.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Jer 48:17
the strong staff, the honored rod, has been broken
Here the words "staff" and "rod" represent the power and political support that Moab provided to other nations. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Moab's enemies have ended her great power"
Jer 48:20
Moab has been shamed, for it has been shattered
Here "Moab" represents the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The people are disgraced, for the enemy army has destroyed Moab"
Jer 48:27
Israel ... Was he found ... at him ... about him
Here "Israel" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel ... Were they found ... at them ... about them"
Jer 48:29
the conceit in his heart
Here "heart" represents a person's inner being. Alternate Translation: "his conceit"
Jer 48:30
his defiant speech ... like his deeds
Here "his" refers to Moab which represents the people of Moab. Alternate Translation: "their defiant speech ... like their deeds"
Jer 48:39
Moab turns its back in shame
Here Moab represents the people. To turn one's back is a sign of feeling ashamed. Alternate Translation: "The people of Moab turn their backs in shame" or "The people of Moab are ashamed and will not show their faces"
Jer 48:41
the hearts of Moab's soldiers will be like the hearts of women in birth labor
Here "hearts" represent a person's emotions. Alternate Translation: "Moab's soldiers will be afraid like a woman about to give birth"
Jer 48:45
will stand in the shadow of Heshbon
Here "in the shadow" represents protection or shelter. Alternate Translation: "will hide in Heshbon for protection" or "will go to Heshbon for shelter"
Jer 49:1
Why does Molech
Here "Molech" represents the people who worship Molech. Alternate Translation: "Why do the people who worship Molech"
Jer 49:2
For Israel will possess those who possessed him
Here "Israel" represents the people of Israel. "Those" refers to people of Ammon, who represent the land that they took from Israel. Alternate Translation: "Then the people of Israel will again possess the land that the people of Ammon took away from them"
Jer 49:8
I am bringing the disaster of Esau on him at the time that I punish him
Here "Esau" represents the people of Edom. The Edomites were descendants of Esau. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the people of Edom to experience disaster when I punish them"
Jer 49:10
Esau ... his hiding ... he will not ... hide himself ... His children ... he is gone
Here "Esau" represents the people of Edom. Alternate Translation: "the people of Edom ... their hiding ... they will not ... hide themselves ... Their children ... they are gone"
Jer 49:12
must certainly drink some of the cup ... for you will certainly drink
Here "the cup" is a metonym that represents the contents in the cup that the people must drink. The people experiencing Yahweh's punishment is spoken of as if Yahweh's punishment were liquid in a cup and the people must drink it. Alternate Translation: "must certainly experience my punishment ... for you will certainly experience my punishment" or "I will certainly still punish ... for I will certainly punish you"
Jer 49:16
your heart's pride has deceived you
Here "heart" represents the whole person. People deceiving themselves is spoken of as if their pride deceived them. Alternate Translation: "you have become prideful, but you have deceived yourselves"
Jer 49:19
Edom run from it
Here "Edom" represents the people. "It" refers to the land. Alternate Translation: "the people of Edom will run from their land"
Jer 49:22
the hearts of Edom's soldiers will become like the heart of a woman in birth labor
Here "hearts" represent a person's emotions. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Jeremiah 48:41](../48/41.md). Alternate Translation: "Edom's soldiers will be afraid like a woman about to give birth"
Jer 49:23
Hamath and Arpad will be ashamed
Here "Hamath" and "Arpad" represent the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people who live in Hamath and Arpad will be ashamed"
Jer 49:23
Damascus has become very weak. It turns ... seizes it
Here "Damascus" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people of Damascus have become very weak. They turn ... seizes them"
Jer 49:24
Damascus has become very weak. It turns ... seizes it
Here "Damascus" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people of Damascus have become very weak. They turn ... seizes them"
Jer 49:27
I will light a fire
Causing the enemy army to light a fire is spoken of as if Yahweh will light the fire. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the enemy army to light a fire"
Jer 49:28
Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon was going to attack
Here "Nebuchadnezzar" represents his army. Alternate Translation: "the army of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon was going to attack"
Jer 49:31
Attack the nation at ease, that lives in safety
Here "nation" represents the people living there. Alternate Translation: "Attack this nation, whose people feel safe and secure"
Jer 49:37
I will shatter Elam
These words are a metonym for Yahweh causing enemies to destroy Elam. Alternate Translation: "I will cause Elam's enemies to destroy Elam"
Jer 49:37
Elam
the people of Elam
Jer 49:37
the sword after them
Here "sword" represents the enemy army carrying their weapons. Alternate Translation: "the enemy army to pursue and kill them"
Jer 49:38
I will put my throne in Elam
Here "throne" represents Yahweh's right to rule and judge as the king. Alternate Translation: "I will judge the people of Elam"
Jer 50:14
she has sinned ... She has surrendered ... she has done
These instances of "she" are addressed to the city of Babylon, but refer to the people who live in the city. Alternate Translation: "her people have sinned ... Her people have surrendered ... her people have done"
Jer 50:15
she has sinned ... She has surrendered ... she has done
These instances of "she" are addressed to the city of Babylon, but refer to the people who live in the city. Alternate Translation: "her people have sinned ... Her people have surrendered ... her people have done"
Jer 50:16
from the oppressor's sword
Here the word "sword" refers to the armies that will attack Babylon.
Jer 50:17
Israel
This refers collectively to all the people of Israel.
Jer 50:17
the king of Assyria
This refers to the army of the king of Assyria.
Jer 50:17
Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon
This refers to the army of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon.
Jer 50:18
his land
Here "land" is a metonym for the people who live in the land of Babylon. Alternate Translation: "the Babylonian people"
Jer 50:19
Israel to his homeland ... he will be satisfied
This refers collectively to all the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel to their homeland ... they will be satisfied"
Jer 50:21
Put them to the sword
This refers to having a sword come down on people to kill them. Alternate Translation: "Kill them"
Jer 50:21
Put them to the sword
Here the word "sword" represents war. Yahweh speaks of Babylon's enemies killing them in battle as if he were placing those people under the sword's power. Alternate Translation: "Kill them in battle"
Jer 50:22
The sounds of battle and enormous destruction are in the land
These sounds are heard during battle and great destruction. They are spoken of in the present tense to indicate that this will certainly happen soon. Alternate Translation: "The sounds of fierce battle and terrible destruction are going to happen soon in the land"
Jer 50:25
Yahweh has opened his armory and is bringing out the weapons for carrying out his anger
Yahweh's anger that causes him to send enemies against Babylon is spoken of as if Yahweh had an armory and weapons. To open an armory is a metonym for preparing for battle. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has prepared for war and is sending the nations to attack Babylon in his anger"
Jer 50:34
in order to bring rest to the land
Here "the land" is a metonym for the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "in order that the people who live in Israel might live in peace"
Jer 50:35
A sword is against ... against ... A sword is coming against
Here "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "War will soon happen to ... to ... War will soon happen to"
Jer 50:36
A sword is against ... against ... A sword is coming against
Here "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "War will soon happen to ... to ... War will soon happen to"
Jer 50:37
A sword is against ... against ... A sword is coming against
Here "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "War will soon happen to ... to ... War will soon happen to"
Jer 50:42
daughter of Babylon
This phrase refers to the Babylonian people.
Jer 51:5
Israel and Judah are not forsaken by their God, by Yahweh of hosts
The words "Israel" and "Judah" are metonyms for the people of Israel and Judah. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh of hosts, the God of the people of Israel and Judah, has not forsaken them"
Jer 51:9
Babylon ... she is not healed ... leave her ... her guilt
The name of the city is a metonym for the people who live there, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "the people of Babylon ... they are not healed ... leave them ... their guilt"
Jer 51:19
the portion of Jacob
Here "Jacob" represents the people of Israel. God being their "portion" is an idiom that means that they worship him. Alternate Translation: "the portion of Israel" or "whom the people of Israel worship"
Jer 51:25
I will stretch out my hand against you
The word "hand" is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises. See how "I will attack the inhabitants of the land with my hand" is translated in [Jeremiah 6:12](../06/12.md). Alternate Translation: "I will use my strength to attack you"
Jer 51:27
attack her
The city of Babylon is a metonym for the people of Babylon, and it is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "attack the people of Babylon"
Jer 51:29
the land will shake and be in anguish
The land is a metonym for the people who live on the land. Shaking and being in anguish are metonyms for being very afraid. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in Babylon will shake with fear and be in anguish"
Jer 51:29
against Babylon
The city of Babylon is a metonym for the people of Babylon. Alternate Translation: "against the people of Babylon"
Jer 51:33
The daughter of Babylon
Daughter of Babylon here is another name for the people who live in Babylon.
Jer 51:41
the praise of all the earth is seized
The word "praise" is a metonym for the thing that people praised, and the word "earth" is a metonym for the people living on the earth. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "enemies have seized Babylon, the nation that everyone on earth praised"
Jer 51:44
I will punish Bel
Bel was the main god of the Babylonians and represents the whole country and the people that worshiped it.
Jer 51:46
Ruler will be against ruler
The ruler is a metonym for the nations under his control. Alternate Translation: "Nations will fight against other nations"
Jer 51:47
Babylon ... her land ... her slaughtered ones ... her midst ... over Babylon ... come for her ... Babylon has made ... her land
The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "the people of Babylon ... their land ... their slaughtered ones ... their midst ... over the Babylonians ... come for them ... the Babylonians have made ... their land"
Jer 51:48
Babylon ... her land ... her slaughtered ones ... her midst ... over Babylon ... come for her ... Babylon has made ... her land
The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "the people of Babylon ... their land ... their slaughtered ones ... their midst ... over the Babylonians ... come for them ... the Babylonians have made ... their land"
Jer 51:49
Babylon ... her land ... her slaughtered ones ... her midst ... over Babylon ... come for her ... Babylon has made ... her land
The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "the people of Babylon ... their land ... their slaughtered ones ... their midst ... over the Babylonians ... come for them ... the Babylonians have made ... their land"
Jer 51:50
Survivors of the sword
The sword is a metonym for war, in which soldiers use swords. Alternate Translation: "You who have survived the war"
Jer 51:52
her carved idols ... her land ... Babylon ... her highest fortresses ... to her
The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "their carved idols ... their land ... the Babylonians ... their highest fortresses ... to them"
Jer 51:53
her carved idols ... her land ... Babylon ... her highest fortresses ... to her
The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "their carved idols ... their land ... the Babylonians ... their highest fortresses ... to them"
Jer 51:55
destroying Babylon ... her loud voice
The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "destroying the people of Babylon ... their loud voices"
Jer 51:56
against her—against Babylon!—and her warriors
The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "against the people of Babylon—yes, against Babylon!—and their warriors"
Jer 51:57
her princes, her sages, her officials, and her soldiers ... her high gates ... her aid ... for her
The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "their princes, their sages, their officials, and their soldiers ... their high gates ... their aid ... for them"
Jer 51:58
her princes, her sages, her officials, and her soldiers ... her high gates ... her aid ... for her
The people of Babylon are spoken of as if they were the city itself, and the city is spoken of as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "their princes, their sages, their officials, and their soldiers ... their high gates ... their aid ... for them"
Jer 52:33
removed Jehoiachin's prison clothes
The reader should understand that removing his prison clothes represents making him a free man.
Lam 1:3
Judah has gone into exile
Here Judah refers to its inhabitants. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah have gone into exile" or "the people of Judah have been taken into a foreign land"
Lam 1:7
Jerusalem will call to mind
Here "Jerusalem" refers to the people who live there. The phrase "call to mind" is an idiom. Alternate Translation: "the people of Jerusalem will remember" or "Jerusalem will remember"
Lam 1:7
When her people fell into the hand of the adversary
Here the word "hand" refers the control of the enemy army. Alternate Translation: "When the adversary conquered and captured her people"
Lam 1:13
has sent fire into my bones
Here "fire" represents pain and "bones" represents one's inner being. Alternate Translation: "has sent pain into my bones" or "has sent pain into my inner being"
Lam 1:14
given me over into their hands
given me over into the hands of my enemies. Here their enemies' control is represented by their "hands." Alternate Translation: "given my over to the control of my enemies" or "let my enemies defeat me"
Lam 1:17
around Jacob should be his adversaries
Here "Jacob" refers to his descendants, that is Israel. Alternate Translation: "around Jacob's descendants should be their adversaries"
Lam 1:20
the sword bereaves a mother
The "sword" represents the enemy. Alternate Translation: "the enemy kills a mother's children"
Lam 2:2
all the towns of Jacob
Here "the towns of Jacob" refers to the towns where his descendants lived. Alternate Translation: "all the towns of Israel"
Lam 2:3
withdrawn his right hand from before the enemy
Here the Lord's protection is represented by his "right hand." Alternate Translation: "stopped protecting us from our enemies"
Lam 2:3
Jacob
Here "Jacob" refers to the places where his descendants lived. Alternate Translation: "Israel"
Lam 2:6
He has destroyed the place of the solemn assembly
The Lord caused Israel's enemies to destroy it. He did not destroy it himself. Alternate Translation: "He has caused the place of the solemn assembly to be destroyed" or "He has caused their enemies to destroy the place of the solemn assembly"
Lam 2:7
He has given over the walls of her palaces into the hand of the enemy
Here the enemy's "hand" refers to the enemy's control. Alternate Translation: "He has allowed the enemy to capture the walls of her palaces"
Lam 2:8
Yahweh decided to destroy the city wall
Yahweh chose to have the wall destroyed and caused Jerusalem's enemy to destroy it. He did not destroy it himself.
Lam 2:11
the daughter of my people
This is a poetic name of Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. Alternate Translation: "my people"
Lam 2:12
Where is grain and wine?
This rhetorical question is used as a request for something to eat. The children are telling their mother that they are hungry. The phrase "grain and wine" represents food and drink. This question may be written as a statement. Alternate Translation: "Give us something to eat and drink."
Lam 2:17
he has lifted up the horn of your enemies
Here "horn" (that is, an animal horn) represents strength. Alternate Translation: "he has increased the power of your enemies"
Lam 2:21
you have slaughtered them
This speaks of Yahweh allowing the poeple to be slaughtered as if he killed them himself. Alternate Translation: "you allowed them to be slaughtered" or "you allowed this to happen"
Lam 2:22
my terrors
Here the people the author fears are referred to as his "terrors." Alternate Translation: "the attackers I was afraid of"
Lam 3:1
under the rod of Yahweh's fury
Being "under the rod" represents being beaten with a rod. The author speaks of God's punishment as if God had beaten him with a rod. Alternate Translation: "because Yahweh was very angry and has beaten me with a rod" or "because Yahweh was very angry and has punished me severely"
Lam 3:3
he turned his hand against me
Here "turned his hand against me" represents attacking him. The author speaks of God causing bad things to happen to him as if God had attacked him. Alternate Translation: "he has attacked me" or "he has caused many bad things to happen to me, like someone who attacks a person"
Lam 3:33
For he does not afflict from his heart
Here the heart represents desire or pleasure, and afflicting from the heart represents afflicting with pleasure. Alternate Translation: "For it does not make him happy to afflict people" or "He does not take pleasure in afflicting people"
Lam 3:35
in the presence of the Most High
Doing something "in the presence of the Most High" represents doing it while knowing that God sees it. Alternate Translation: "knowing that the Most High sees it"
Lam 3:38
Is it not from the mouth of the Most High that both calamities and the good come?
The author uses this rhetorical question to teach that both calamities and good things happen only because God has commanded them to happen. Alternate Translation: "It is only from the mouth of the Most High that both calamities and the good come." or "It is only because the Most High has commanded it that both calamities and good things happen."
Lam 3:38
from the mouth of the Most High
Here "mouth" represents what God says or commands. Alternate Translation: "from the command of the Most High" or "because the Most High has commanded it"
Lam 3:51
My eyes cause me grief
The phrase "My eyes" represents what he sees. Alternate Translation: "What I see causes me to grieve"
Lam 3:55
I called on your name
God's name represents his character, and here, "called on your name" represents trusting God's character and calling on him for help. Alternate Translation: "I called to you for help"
Lam 3:56
You heard my voice
Here "voice" represents what he said. Alternate Translation: "You heard my words"
Lam 3:56
Do not close your ear
Here "close your ear" represents refusing to listen. Alternate Translation: "Do not refuse to listen"
Lam 3:57
You came near
People often come near to a person they help. Here "came near" represents helping the man. Alternate Translation: "you helped me"
Lam 3:62
The lips ... of my enemies
Here the lips represent what his enemies say. Alternate Translation: "The words ... of my enemies"
Lam 3:65
You will let their hearts be shameless
Here the "heart" is a metonym that represents their attitudes and emotions, and being "shameless" means not feeling ashamed of their sins even though they should. Their not being ashamed would give even more reason for God to punish them. Alternate Translation: "You will let them feel no shame for their sins"
Lam 3:66
from under the heavens
Here "from under the heavens" represents everywhere on earth. Alternate Translation: "wherever they are on earth"
Lam 4:3
the daughter of my people has
This is a poetic name for Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. See how you translated this in [Lamentations 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate Translation: "my people have"
Lam 4:5
scarlet clothing
Here this phrase is a metonym for luxurious, expensive, and comfortable clothing, at least some of which was probably scarlet. Alternate Translation: "luxurious clothing"
Lam 4:6
the daughter of my people
This is a poetic name for Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. See how you translated this in [Lamentations 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate Translation: "my people"
Lam 4:6
no hands were wrung for her
People sometimes rub and twist their hands when they are worried and cannot fix something, so wringing the hands here represents worrying. The word "her" refers to Jerusalem, which was called "the daughter of my people." Alternate Translation: "no one was worried about her"
Lam 4:9
Those who have been killed by the sword
Here the "sword" represents an enemy's attack. It can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Those whom enemy soldiers have killed"
Lam 4:9
those killed by hunger
Here "hunger" represents starvation. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "those who starved to death"
Lam 4:9
pierced by the lack of any harvest from the field
Here "harvest from the field" is a metonym that represents food to eat. Lack of food is spoken of here as if it were a sword that pierces people. Alternate Translation: "who died because there was not enough food to eat"
Lam 4:10
the daughter of my people was
This is a poetic name for Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. See how you translated this in [Lamentations 2:11](../02/11.md). Alternate Translation: "my people were"
Lam 4:11
He kindled a fire in Zion
This represents God causing Israel's enemies to start a fire in Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "He caused a fire to start in Zion"
Lam 4:13
who have shed the blood of the righteous
Both the priests and the prophets were guilty of murder. Here "shed the blood" represents murder. Alternate Translation: "who have murdered the righteous"
Lam 4:14
defiled by that blood
defiled by the blood that they shed. Possible meanings are 1) the blood was on their clothes or 2) "blood" is a metonym for murder.
Lam 4:16
he does not watch over them anymore
Here "watch over them" represents being concerned about them and helping them. Alternate Translation: "he does not care about them anymore"
Lam 4:17
Our eyes failed, looking in vain for help
Their eyes failing represents their seeking and not being able to find what they were looking for. These two phrases together emphasize that they were trying hard to find help. Alternate Translation: "We continued looking, but we could not find anyone to help us"
Lam 4:18
They followed our steps
Here "our steps" represents where they went. Alternate Translation: "Our enemies followed us everywhere we went"
Lam 5:7
we bear their iniquities
Here "iniquities" represents the punishment received because of their ancestors' sins. Alternate Translation: "we bear the punishment for their sins"
Lam 5:8
to deliver us from their hand
Here the word "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "to rescue us from their control"
Lam 5:9
bread
Here "bread" refers to food in general. Alternate Translation: "food"
Lam 5:9
because of the sword in the wilderness
Here robbers with swords are represented by their "swords." Alternate Translation: "because there are robbers in the wilderness who kill others with swords"
Lam 5:16
The crown has fallen from our head
Possible meanings are 1) "We no longer wear flowers on our heads for celebrations" or 2) The "crown" represents their king and their "head" represents a place of authority over the people. Alternate Translation: "We no longer have a king"
Lam 5:17
For this our heart has become sick
The "heart" represents a person's emotions. This speaks of a person being discouraged as if their emotions were sick. Alternate Translation: "Because of this we are discouraged"
Lam 5:19
sit upon your throne
Here sitting on the throne represents ruling as king. Alternate Translation: "rule as king"
Ezk 1:3
the hand of Yahweh was upon him
The word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. A person with his hand on another person has power over that other person. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh was controlling him"
Ezk 1:24
Like the voice of the Almighty
The Bible sometimes refers to thunder as "the voice of the Almighty." Alternate Translation: "It sounded like the voice of the Almighty God" or "It sounded like the thunder of the Almighty"
Ezk 1:28
I heard a voice speaking
The word "voice" is a metonym for the person. Alternate Translation: "I heard someone speaking" or "Someone spoke, and I heard his voice"
Ezk 2:5
house
This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. Alternate Translation: "people group"
Ezk 2:6
be dismayed by their faces
The words "their faces" are a metonym for the message the people express with their faces. Alternate Translation: "lose your desire to serve me because of the way they look at you"
Ezk 2:8
house
This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](./05.md). Alternate Translation: "people group"
Ezk 3:1
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 3:4
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](./01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 3:8
I have made ... your brow as hard as their brows
The "brow" is the forehead or eyebrow and is a metonym for what the person thinks. Alternate Translation: "I have made ... you strong so you will not stop doing what you are doing"
Ezk 3:9
house
This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "people group"
Ezk 3:10
take them into your heart and hear them with your ears
Here "heart" represents a person's mind. Alternate Translation: "remember them and listen carefully"
Ezk 3:14
the hand of Yahweh
Possible meanings are 1) the word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. Alternate Translation: "the power of Yahweh" or 2) Ezekiel knew that Yahweh was angry with him because he was not obeying Yahweh by speaking to the Israelite exiles.
Ezk 3:17
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](./01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 3:22
the hand of Yahweh
The word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. Alternate Translation: "the power of Yahweh"
Ezk 3:26
house
This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "people group"
Ezk 4:3
set your face
Here "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set your face" refers to literally staring at something.
Ezk 4:3
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 4:4
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 4:6
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Judah people group" or "the people of Judah"
Ezk 4:7
Set your face
Here "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze. "Set your face" refers to literally staring at something.
Ezk 4:16
rationing it in trembling
The word "shaking" is a metaphor for being afraid and "trembling" represents fear. Alternate Translation: "rationing it while shaking" or "rationing it in fear"
Ezk 5:2
I will draw out a sword to chase after the people
The word "sword" is a metonym for enemy soldiers who will attack with their swords, and to "draw out a sword" is to send the soldiers into battle. Alternate Translation: "I will cause their enemies to pursue them and attack them with swords"
Ezk 5:4
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 5:13
I will cause my fury toward them to rest
The word "fury" means violent anger, and here it is a metonym for punishment. "I will stop punishing them because I will have punished them fully."
Ezk 5:16
will send out harsh arrows of famine against you
The word "arrows" is a metonym for the sharp pains that people feel when they have had no food for a long time. Alternate Translation: "will make you feel the pain of intense hunger"
Ezk 6:2
set your face
Here "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze.
Ezk 6:3
I am bringing a sword against you
The word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate Translation: "I am bringing soldiers to come and kill you"
Ezk 6:8
some who escape the sword
The word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate Translation: "some whom the soldiers do not kill"
Ezk 6:11
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 7:2
to the land of Israel
The word "land" is a metonym for the people who live on the land. Alternate Translation: "to the people of Israel"
Ezk 7:7
the mountains will no longer be joyful
The word "mountains" is a metonym for the people who live on the mountains. Alternate Translation: "the people on the mountains will not have any more joy"
Ezk 7:21
I will give those things into the hand of strangers
The word "hand" is used to refer to control. "I will give those idols into the control of people they do not know" or "I will give those idols to people they do not know"
Ezk 7:23
the land is filled with the judgment of blood
Possible meanings are 1) "everywhere in the country God is judging people because they violently killed others" or 2) "the courts everywhere in the country are murdering people." The word "blood" here represents murder and death.
Ezk 8:6
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 8:10
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 8:12
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 8:17
house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Judah people group" or "the people of Judah"
Ezk 9:7
attacked the city
The word "city" is a metonym for the people in the city. Alternate Translation: "attacked the people in the city"
Ezk 9:9
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 11:5
house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "Israelites" or "Israelite people group"
Ezk 11:9
put you into the hands of foreigners
Here the metonym "hands" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "put you into the power of foreigners" or "enable foreigners to capture you"
Ezk 11:10
You will fall by the sword
The word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate Translation: "They will kill you with their swords" or "You will die in battle"
Ezk 11:15
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family, in this case the Israelites who are the descendants of Jacob. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Ezk 11:19
I will give them one heart
Here the metonym "heart" represents the will and emotions. Yahweh speaks of causing all of the people to share the same new emotions as if he were giving them one heart.
Ezk 11:19
I will put a new spirit within them
Here the metonym "spirit" represents the thoughts and disposition. Yahweh speaks of causing the people to think new thoughts as if he were giving them a new spirit.
Ezk 11:21
I will bring their conduct on their own heads
Here the metonym "conduct" represents the consequences of their actions. The idiom "bring ... on their own heads" means they will experience these consequences. Alternate Translation: "I will cause them to suffer the consequences of their actions"
Ezk 12:2
a rebellious house
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "a rebellious people"
Ezk 12:3
a rebellious house
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "a rebellious people"
Ezk 12:6
house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 12:9
the house of Israel, that rebellious house
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. Translate "rebellious house" as in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel, that rebellious people"
Ezk 12:14
I will send out a sword after them
The word "sword" is a metonym for enemy armies who will attack with their swords. Alternate Translation: "I will send armies to pursue them with swords"
Ezk 12:14
I will spare ... from the sword, famine, and plague
The word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. You may need to make explicit that they will not die from famine or plague. Alternate Translation: "I will keep ... from dying in battle, from starving to death, and from dying of disease"
Ezk 12:16
I will spare ... from the sword, famine, and plague
The word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. You may need to make explicit that they will not die from famine or plague. Alternate Translation: "I will keep ... from dying in battle, from starving to death, and from dying of disease"
Ezk 12:24
house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 12:25
rebellious house
This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "rebellious people"
Ezk 12:27
house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 13:5
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 13:9
My hand will be against the prophets
Here the word "hand" represents Yahweh's power. That his hand will be against them is a metaphor that means that he will punish them with his power. Alternate Translation: "I will punish the prophets"
Ezk 13:9
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 13:17
set your face against
Here "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set your face" represents staring. Alternate Translation: "stare at"
Ezk 13:21
rescue my people from your hand
Here the word "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "rescue my people from your power"
Ezk 13:21
they will no longer be trapped in your hands
Here the word "hand" represents power or control. Yahweh speaks of the people being in the control of these women as if the women had trapped them with their hands. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "you will no longer trap them like prey in your hands" or "you will no longer control them with your power"
Ezk 13:23
I will rescue my people out of your hand
Here the word "hand" represents power or control. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 13:21](./21.md). Alternate Translation: "I will rescue my people from your power"
Ezk 14:4
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 14:5
I may take back the house of Israel in their hearts
Here the word "hearts" represents the minds and affections of the people. Yahweh speaks of causing them to be devoted to him once again as if he were to capture their hearts. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the people of Israel to be devoted to me again"
Ezk 14:5
their hearts that have been driven far from me through their idols
Here the word "hearts" represents the minds and affections of the people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "who have all left me to worship their idols"
Ezk 14:6
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 14:7
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 14:8
set my face
Here "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set my face" refers to staring. Alternate Translation: "stare"
Ezk 14:9
I will reach out with my hand against him
God's "hand" refers to what he does. Alternate Translation: "I will work against him"
Ezk 14:10
They will carry their own iniquity
Here the word "iniquity" represents the guilt that people incur for committing iniquity. Yahweh speaks of people suffering the consequences of their iniquity as if they were carrying the iniquity. Alternate Translation: "They will suffer the consequences of their own iniquity"
Ezk 14:11
house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 14:13
when a land sins against me
Here the word "land" represents the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "when the people who live in a land sin against me"
Ezk 14:17
Sword, go through the land
Here the word "sword" represents the soldiers of an enemy army who attack with swords. Alternate Translation: "Army, go through the land"
Ezk 15:7
set my face
Here "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set my face" refers to staring. Alternate Translation: "stare"
Ezk 16:27
I will strike you with my hand
Here "hand" represents power. Alternate Translation: "I will use my power to strike you"
Ezk 16:30
How sick is your heart
Here the word "heart" represents the will and emotions. Yahweh speaks of her inability to control her desires as if her heart were sick. Alternate Translation: "How weak-willed are you"
Ezk 16:38
the shedding of blood
This phrase represents murder in any form. Alternate Translation: "murder"
Ezk 16:38
I will bring on you the bloodshed of my anger and passion
Here "bloodshed" represents murder in any form. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh speaks of punishing her for murder as if he were bringing bloodshed upon her. Alternate Translation: "In my anger and passion, I will punish you for committing murder" or 2) Yahweh speaks of putting her to death as if he were bringing bloodshed upon her. Alternate Translation: "In my anger and passion, I will shed your blood"
Ezk 16:39
I will give you into their hands
Here "hands" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "I will place you in their control" or "I will allow them to have power over you"
Ezk 16:42
I will calm my fury against you; my anger will leave you
The words "fury" and "anger" refer to the punishment that Yahweh inflicts because he is angry. The two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate Translation: "I will stop punishing you because I will no longer be angry with you"
Ezk 17:2
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 17:12
the rebellious house
This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "the rebellious people"
Ezk 17:14
the land will survive
Here the word "land" represents the kingdom of Judah and the people in it. Alternate Translation: "the kingdom will continue to exist"
Ezk 17:21
All of his refugees ... armies will fall by the sword
The word "fall" is a euphemism for "die." Here the word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people with swords. Alternate Translation: "Soldiers will kill all his refugees ... armies"
Ezk 18:2
land of Israel
This refers to the people of Israel.
Ezk 18:6
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 18:10
who sheds blood
This phrase represents murder in any form. Alternate Translation: "who murders"
Ezk 18:13
his blood will be on him
Here the word "blood" represents death. For blood to be on a person is an idiom that means the person is responsible for that death. Alternate Translation: "he will be responsible for his own death"
Ezk 18:15
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 18:25
house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 18:29
house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 18:30
stumbling blocks of iniquity against you
Possible meanings are 1) the stumbling blocks cause the person to commit more iniquity. Alternate Translation: "stumbling blocks that cause you to commit more iniquity" or 2) The word "iniquity" is a metonym for the punishment that a person receives for his iniquity. Alternate Translation: "stumbling blocks that lead to your punishment"
Ezk 18:31
make for yourselves a new heart and a new spirit
Here the word "heart" represents the will and emotions and the word "spirit" represents the thoughts and disposition. Yahweh speaks of the people having new emotions and thoughts as if they were making a new heart and spirit for themselves. Alternate Translation: "get for yourselves new emotions and a new way of thinking"
Ezk 18:31
house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 19:10
a vine planted in your blood
Possible meanings are that "blood" represents 1) the violence of the kings of Judah who had murdered people. Alternate Translation: "a vine planted by means of violence" or 2) The plentiful wine of Judah which had become a symbol of prosperity. Alternate Translation: "a vine planted in your prosperity"
Ezk 20:5
the house of Jacob
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Jacob over many years. Translate "the house of" as in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Jacob"
Ezk 20:9
for my name's sake
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "for the sake of my reputation"
Ezk 20:9
the nations
The word "nations" is a metonym for the people who live in the nations. Alternate Translation: "the people who live in other nations"
Ezk 20:14
I acted for my name's sake
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:9](./09.md). Alternate Translation: "I acted for the sake of my reputation"
Ezk 20:14
in the eyes of the nations
Here the "nations" refer to the people who live in those places. The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 20:9](./09.md). Alternate Translation: "in the thoughts of the people in other nations"
Ezk 20:16
their hearts walked after their idols
Here the word "heart" represents the person's thoughts and emotions. Yahweh speaks of being dedicated to idols as if a person's heart walked after them. Alternate Translation: "they were dedicated to worshiping their idols"
Ezk 20:22
for my name's sake
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "for the sake of my reputation"
Ezk 20:22
in the eyes of the nations
Here the "nations" refer to the people who live in those places. The eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate Translation: "in the thoughts of the people in other nations"
Ezk 20:33
with a mighty hand, a raised arm
The words "hand" and "arm" both represent power. Alternate Translation: "with very great power"
Ezk 20:39
house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 20:39
profane my holy name
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "dishonor me"
Ezk 20:44
because of my name's sake
Here the word "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. Alternate Translation: "because of my reputation"
Ezk 20:46
set your face
Here "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set your face" represents staring. Alternate Translation: "stare"
Ezk 20:48
all flesh will see
Here the word "flesh" represents all humans. The idiom to "see" means to understand. Alternate Translation: "all people will understand"
Ezk 21:4
all flesh
Here "flesh" is a metonym for "people." Alternate Translation: "all people"
Ezk 21:10
in my son's scepter
Here Yahweh refers to the king of Judah as his son. The king's scepter represents his rule as king. It is important to maintain the image of the king's scepter here, as the words "every such rod" refer to the scepter. Alternate Translation: "in the king's scepter" or "in the power that the king's scepter represents"
Ezk 21:13
the scepter
Here the king of Judah is represented by his scepter. Alternate Translation: "the king"
Ezk 21:15
to multiply their fallen
Here "fallen" refers to the people killed in battle. This means there will be a greater number of people killed. Alternate Translation: "to kill many people among them"
Ezk 21:19
the sword of the king of Babylon
The word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who kill people using swords. Alternate Translation: "the soldiers of the king of Babylon" or "the Babylonian army"
Ezk 21:22
In his right hand will be an omen about Jerusalem
This means the he will hold one of the articles of his divination that was read as an omen against Jerusalem in his right hand. Alternate Translation: "In his right hand will be an article of divination with an omen against Jerusalem"
Ezk 21:27
It will not be restored
Here the crown represents the position of king. The kingship will not be restored until the Messiah comes. Alternate Translation: "There will no longer be a king"
Ezk 21:31
the hand of cruel men
The "hand" of the men refers to their control. Alternate Translation: "the control of cruel men"
Ezk 22:2
the city of blood
The word "blood" is a metonym for murder. Alternate Translation: "the city where many people murder their neighbors"
Ezk 22:3
This is a city that pours ... her midst
Here the "city" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people who live in this city pour ... its midst"
Ezk 22:15
the nations
Here the "nations" refer to the people who live in those places. Alternate Translation: "the people in other nations"
Ezk 22:18
the house of Israel has
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites have" or "the Israelite people group has"
Ezk 22:30
for the land so I would not destroy it
Here the "land" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "for the people so that I would not destroy them"
Ezk 23:9
I gave her into the hand of her lovers, into the hand of the Assyrians
The word "hand" refers to power or control. The two phrases have the same meaning and the second phrase explains that "her lovers" were "the Assyrians." Alternate Translation: "I gave her over to her lovers, the Assyrians"
Ezk 23:24
They will set large shields, small shields, and helmets against you all around
These defensive items are used to refer to various types of soldiers. Alternate Translation: "Soldiers will attack you on all sides carrying large shields, small shields, and wearing helmets"
Ezk 23:27
you will think of Egypt no longer
Here "Egypt" represents the shameful things that she did in Egypt. Alternate Translation: "you will think about the things you did in Egypt no longer" or "you will not think about what you did in Egypt any more"
Ezk 23:28
into the hand
Here the word "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "into the control"
Ezk 23:30
acting like a prostitute, lusting after nations
Ezekiel speaks of Oholibah, who represents Judah ([Ezekiel 23:4](./04.md)), as if she were a prostitute sleeping with the men of many nations for money. He wants the people of Judah to understand that Yahweh to punish them because they were worshiping the idols of other nations so they could get those nations' wealth and power. Alternate Translation: "acting like a prostitute, lusting after men of other nations"
Ezk 23:32
You will drink your sister's cup
Here Yahweh speaks of punishment as if it were a cup of wine the woman drank. Alternate Translation: "You will drink the same cup of punishment as your sister"
Ezk 23:32
your sister's cup that is
Here the "cup" represents what is in the cup. Alternate Translation: "from your sister's cup that is" or "all that is in your sister's cup, and her cup is"
Ezk 23:42
So the sound of a noisy crowd was around her
The sound of the crowd is used to refer to the crowd of people. Alternate Translation: "So there was a noisy crowd around her"
Ezk 24:2
the king of Babylon has besieged
The army of Babylon is referred to by its leader. Alternate Translation: "the army of the king of Babylon has besieged"
Ezk 24:3
this rebellious house
This is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 2:5](../02/05.md). Alternate Translation: "this rebellious people"
Ezk 24:6
the city of blood
Here "blood" is a reference to "murder." Alternate Translation: "the city of murderers"
Ezk 24:9
the city of blood
Here "blood" is a reference to "murder." Alternate Translation: "the city of murderers"
Ezk 24:13
until I have satisfied my fury upon you.
This speaks of Yahweh punishing the people in his anger as if it were his "fury" that were punishing them. Alternate Translation: "until I am finished punishing you and am no longer furious with you" or "until I have punished you and I am longer angry with you"
Ezk 24:21
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 24:21
the pride of your power
This describes the temple as the building that the people are proud of. This speaks of it as being their "pride" instead of the source of their pride. Alternate Translation: "the building that you are proud of" or "the source of your strong pride"
Ezk 24:21
your sons and your daughters ... will fall by the sword
This refers to their enemies by their swords. Alternate Translation: "your sons and daughters ... will be killed in war" or "your enemies will kill your sons and your daughters ... with their swords"
Ezk 25:3
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Judah people group" or "the people of Judah"
Ezk 25:5
the people of Ammon a field for flocks
Here the phrase "the people of Ammon" refers to the land that belonged to the people of Ammon. Also, the understood information at the beginning of this phrase may be supplied. Alternate Translation: "I will make the rest of the land of Ammon a field for flocks"
Ezk 25:6
all the contempt within you against the land of Israel
Here the phrase "the land of Israel" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "all of the hatred you feel towards the people who live in Israel"
Ezk 25:7
give you as plunder to the nations
The word "you" refers to the people of Ammon but is also a metonym for their land and their possessions. Alternate Translation: "I will allow enemies to defeat you and take you, your land, and your possessions as plunder"
Ezk 25:8
Moab and Seir
These places refer to the people who live in them. Alternate Translation: "the people of Moab and Seir"
Ezk 25:8
The house of Judah is
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "The Judah people group are" or "The people of Judah are"
Ezk 25:12
Edom has taken
Here "Edom" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people of Edom have taken"
Ezk 25:12
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the descendants of Judah over many years. See how you translated these words in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Judah people group" or "the people of Judah"
Ezk 25:13
They will fall by the sword
The word "fall" represents being killed and the word "sword" refers to their enemies who will kill them in battle. Alternate Translation: "Their enemies will kill them with their swords"
Ezk 25:14
I will lay my vengeance upon Edom by the hand of my people Israel
Here the "hand" of Israel is a metonym for Israel's army. Yahweh speaks of taking revenge on the people of Edom as if his vengeance were like a sheet that he covered them with. The abstract noun "vengeance" can be translated with the verb "to punish." Alternate Translation: "I will use my people Israel to punish the people of Edom"
Ezk 25:15
to destroy Judah
Here "Judah" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "to destroy the people of Judah"
Ezk 25:16
I will reach out with my hand against the Philistines
Here Yahweh's power is represented by his "hand." Alternate Translation: "I will turn my powerful hand against the Philistines" or "I will turn my great power against the Philistines"
Ezk 26:2
Tyre has said against Jerusalem
Here the city names "Tyre" and "Jerusalem" represent the people of those cities. Alternate Translation: "the people of Tyre have said against the people of Jerusalem"
Ezk 26:2
I will be filled up
Here to be "filled up" represents being prosperous. Alternate Translation: "I will become prosperous"
Ezk 26:3
I will raise up many nations against you like the sea raises its waves
Here the word "nations" refers to their armies. Alternate Translation: "I will gather armies from many nations that will beat against you like the waves in the raging sea"
Ezk 26:5
a place for nets to dry out in the midst of the sea
Part of Tyre was an island. This expression is a metonym for the results of Tyre's destruction. Alternate Translation: "an empty island used for drying fishing nets" or "a deserted island where people dry out their fishing nets"
Ezk 26:5
she will become plunder for the nations
Plunder means things that people steal or take by force. Here Tyre becoming plunder represents its wealth being carried off by other nations. Alternate Translation: "the armies of the nations will take away every valuable thing from Tyre"
Ezk 26:6
Her daughters who are in the fields
Possible meanings are 1) "Her daughters" were the young women of Tyre who were working in the fields or 2) "Her daughters" is a metonym for nearby towns and villages on the mainland that supported the main city of Tyre. Alternate Translation: "Her daughter communities who are on the mainland"
Ezk 26:8
He will kill
Here the word "He" refers to Nebuchadnezzar and is a metonym for his army. Alternate Translation: "His army will kill"
Ezk 26:8
your daughters in the field
Possible meanings are 1) "your daughters" refers to the young women of Tyre who were working in the fields or 2) "your daughters" is a metonym for nearby towns and villages on the mainland that supported the main city of Tyre. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 26:6](./06.md). Alternate Translation: "your daughter communities who are on the mainland"
Ezk 26:9
General Information:
The words "he" and "his" in these verses refer to Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, and represent the soldiers in Nebuchadnezzar's army doing these actions. The word "your" refers to the city of Tyre.
Ezk 26:9
He will place his battering rams to hit against your walls, and his tools will tear down your towers
Although the battering rams and tools are spoken of as acting against the walls and towers of Tyre, they would have been used by the soldiers in Nebuchadnezzar's army against the walls and towers.
Ezk 26:15
Will not the islands quake
Here "the islands" represents the people living on the islands. Alternate Translation: "Will not the people of the islands quake with fear"
Ezk 26:18
Now the coasts tremble
Here "the coasts" represents the people living there. Alternate Translation: "Now the people of the coastlands tremble"
Ezk 26:18
The islands in the sea are terrified
Here "the islands in the sea" represents the people living there. Alternate Translation: "The people of the islands are terrified"
Ezk 26:20
the pit
This refers to the grave. Because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world.
Ezk 27:3
say to Tyre
Here the word "Tyre" represents the people living in Tyre. Alternate Translation: "say to the people of Tyre"
Ezk 27:3
Tyre, you have said
Here the word "Tyre" represents the people living in Tyre. Alternate Translation: "People of Tyre, you have said"
Ezk 27:15
Merchandise was in your hand
Having things in the hands here is probably a metaphor for carrying those things or having them in their possession. Alternate Translation: "You owned things that you sold to them"
Ezk 27:16
Aram was a dealer
Here "Aram" refers to the people of Aram. Alternate Translation: "The people of Aram were dealers"
Ezk 27:17
Judah and the land of Israel were trading with you
Here "Judah and the land of Israel" refers to the people of those places. Alternate Translation: "The people of Judah and Israel were trading with you"
Ezk 27:19
Dan and Javan
This is a metonym for the people of Dan and Javan. Alternate Translation: "The people of Dan and Javan"
Ezk 27:20
Dedan was
This is a metonym for the people of Dedan. Alternate Translation: "The people of Dedan were"
Ezk 27:21
Arabia
This is a metonym for the people of Arabia. Alternate Translation: "The people of Arabia" or "The Arabians"
Ezk 27:23
Haran, Kanneh, and Eden were traders with you, along with Sheba, Ashur, and Kilmad
This refers to the people from these places. Alternate Translation: "The people of Haran, Kanneh, and Eden were traders with you, along with the people of Sheba, Ashur, and Kilmad"
Ezk 27:28
Cities at the sea will tremble
Here "Cities at the sea" represents the people in those cities. Alternate Translation: "The people of the cities by the sea will tremble"
Ezk 27:35
Their faces trembled
Here "faces" represents the whole person. Alternate Translation: "They appear to be trembling"
Ezk 28:2
Your heart is arrogant
Here "heart" represents the will or thoughts of the ruler of Tyre. Alternate Translation: "You are arrogant"
Ezk 28:2
you make your heart like the heart of a god
Here "heart" represents the mind or thinking. A god thinks of himself as better than people. Alternate Translation: "you think that you have the mind of a god" or "you have allowed yourself to think that you are better than other people"
Ezk 28:5
your heart is arrogant
Here "heart" represents the will or thoughts of the ruler of Tyre. Alternate Translation: "you are arrogant"
Ezk 28:6
you have made your heart like the heart of a god
Here "heart" represents the mind or thinking. A god thinks of himself as better than people. See how you translated the similar phrase in [Ezekiel 28:2](./02.md).
Ezk 28:8
down to the pit
Here "the pit" refers to the grave or to hell. Alternate Translation: "down to the grave"
Ezk 28:10
by the hand of foreigners
Here "hand" is a metonym for the actions of the foreigners' army. Alternate Translation: "by an army of foreigners"
Ezk 28:23
When the sword comes against you
Here "sword" is a metonym for an attacking enemy army. Alternate Translation: "When enemy armies attack you"
Ezk 28:24
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 28:25
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 28:25
my servant Jacob
Here "Jacob" represents the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of my servant Jacob"
Ezk 29:8
I will bring a sword against you
Here "sword" is a metonym for battle, and "bring a sword against you" is a metaphor for causing an enemy army to come fight against Egypt. Alternate Translation: "I will cause your enemies to come fight against you"
Ezk 29:10
you will become a wasteland
Here "you" refers to Pharaoh and represents Egypt, the country he rules over. Alternate Translation: "your country will become a wasteland"
Ezk 29:12
I will scatter Egypt among the nations
Here "Egypt" represents the people of Egypt, and "scatter" represents causing them to move to other places. Alternate Translation: "I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations" or "I will make the people of Egypt go and live among the nations"
Ezk 29:13
I will gather Egypt
Here "Egypt" is a metonym for the people of Egypt, and "gather" is a metaphor for causing them to return to Egypt. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the people of Egypt to return to Egypt"
Ezk 29:16
the house of Israel
Here "house" represents the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel" or "the nation of Israel"
Ezk 29:16
when they turned to Egypt for help
Here "turn ... for help" is a metonym for "ask ... for help." Alternate Translation: "whenever they asked Egypt to help them"
Ezk 29:21
I will make a horn sprout up for the house of Israel
An animal horn represents the animal's strength, so horn is a metonym for strength. God speaks of making Israel strong as if Israel were an animal, and he were to cause its horn to grow. Alternate Translation: "I will make the people of Israel strong"
Ezk 29:21
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Here it refers to the people of Israel, the descendants of Jacob whom God called Israel. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel" or "the nation of Israel"
Ezk 30:4
Then a sword will come against Egypt
The word "sword" here represents war or an army that attacks. Alternate Translation: "There will be war against Egypt" or "An enemy army will attack Egypt"
Ezk 30:5
Cush and Put, Lydia and all Arabia, and Libya
These names refer to the people of these countries. Alternate Translation: "The people of Cush and Put, Libya, and all Arabia, and Lydia"
Ezk 30:5
will all fall by the sword
Here the sword represents battle. Alternate Translation: "will all die in battle" or "will all die in the war"
Ezk 30:8
when I set fire in Egypt
Here "set fire in Egypt" represents sending an army to attack Egypt and set fires. Alternate Translation: "when I send an army to burn Egypt with fire"
Ezk 30:11
they will draw out their swords against Egypt
Here "draw out their swords" represents fighting with their swords. Alternate Translation: "they will use their swords and fight against Egypt"
Ezk 30:16
Pelusium will be in great agony
Here "Pelusium" is a metonym for the people of the city near Pelusium, and "be in great agony" can be translated with the verb "suffer." Alternate Translation: "The people of Pelusium will suffer terribly" or "The people of Pelusium will feel terrible pain"
Ezk 30:16
Memphis will face enemies every day
Here "face enemies" represents seeing or having enemies. The name of the city is a metonym for the people who live in the city. Alternate Translation: "The people of Memphis will have enemies every day" or "Enemies will fight against the people of Memphis every day"
Ezk 30:17
will fall by the sword
The word "sword" is used here to refer to a battle or war. Alternate Translation: "will die in battle" or "will die in the war"
Ezk 30:17
their cities will go into captivity
Here "cities" represents the people of the cities. The abstract noun "captivity" can be expressed with the more concrete noun "captive" or the verb "capture" Alternate Translation: "the people of their cities will become captives" or "their enemies will capture their people and take them away"
Ezk 30:25
For I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon
Here "arms" are a metonym for the army. Alternate Translation: "I will make the army of the king of Babylon strong"
Ezk 30:25
while Pharaoh's arms will fall
Here "Pharaoh's arms" is a metonym for his army, and "will fall" represents being weak. Alternate Translation: "but Pharaoh's army will be unable to defeat enemies"
Ezk 31:6
All of the many nations lived under its shade
All of the great nations lived in the shade of that tree. Here "nations" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people from all the nations lived in the shade of that tree"
Ezk 31:11
I have given it into the hand of a mighty one of the nations
The word "hand" represents control. Alternate Translation: "I put it in the power of the strongest nation" or "I gave the strongest nation power over it"
Ezk 31:14
the pit
This refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 26:20](../26/20.md).
Ezk 31:17
These were its strong arm
These trees of Lebanon were its strong arm. The phrase "strong arm" represents "power." Alternate Translation: "These trees of Lebanon were the power of the cedar" or "These trees strengthened the cedar"
Ezk 32:9
I will terrify the heart of many peoples
Here "heart" represents the people's emotions. Alternate Translation: "I will make the hearts of many peoples afraid" or "I will cause many people to be terrified"
Ezk 32:10
when I swing my sword
Here swinging a sword represents using the sword. Alternate Translation: "when I use my sword"
Ezk 32:11
The sword of the king of Babylon will come against you
Here "sword" represents an army. Alternate Translation: "The army of the king of Babylon will attack you"
Ezk 32:13
the hooves of cattle stir them
The hoof is a synecdoche for cattle. Alternate Translation: "cattle stir them with their hooves"
Ezk 32:15
when I attack all the inhabitants in her
Here the idea of attacking represents destroying. Alternate Translation: "when I destroy all who live in her"
Ezk 32:18
the pit
The pit refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 31:16](../31/16.md).
Ezk 32:20
The sword has been drawn!
The word "sword" here is a metonym for war that people fight with swords. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "War has begun"
Ezk 32:22
all of them were killed by the sword
The word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who use swords to kill people. This can be put in active form. Alternate Translation: "Soldiers used swords to kill them all"
Ezk 32:23
are set in the recesses of the pit
The pit refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:18](./18.md).
Ezk 32:23
the land of the living
This represents the people who were alive.
Ezk 32:24
Elam is there
Here "Elam" refers to the people of that country. Alternate Translation: "The people of Elam are also there in Sheol"
Ezk 32:24
by the sword
Here "the sword" is a metonym for soldiers who use swords to kill people. Alternate Translation: "in battle"
Ezk 32:24
the land of the living
This represents the people who were alive. See how you translated "the land of the living" in [Ezekiel 32:23](./23.md).
Ezk 32:24
the pit
The pit refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:23](./23.md).
Ezk 32:25
pierced by the sword, because
The word "pierced" here is a metonym for "killed." This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "their enemies have killed them with swords because"
Ezk 32:26
killed by the sword
Here "the sword" represents warfare. Alternate Translation: "killed in battle"
Ezk 32:28
those who were pierced
The word "pierced" here is a metonym for "killed." This can be translated in active form. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:25](./25.md). Alternate Translation: "those whose enemies have killed them"
Ezk 32:28
by the sword
This represents being in warfare. Alternate Translation: "in battle"
Ezk 32:29
Edom is there with her kings and all her leaders
Here "Edom" represents all the people of Edom. Alternate Translation: "the people of Edom are in Sheol with their kings and all their leaders"
Ezk 32:29
the pit
The pit refers to the grave; because the grave was thought to be the entrance to the world of the dead, the pit also represents that world. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:25](./25.md).
Ezk 32:30
had been pierced
The word "pierced" here is a metonym for "killed." This can be translated in active form. See how you translated similar words in [Ezekiel 32:25](./25.md). Alternate Translation: "whom enemies had killed with swords"
Ezk 32:30
by the sword
This represents being in warfare. Alternate Translation: "in battle"
Ezk 33:2
a sword against any land
The word "sword" refers to an enemy army that attacks. Also, "land" refers to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "an army to attack the people of any land"
Ezk 33:3
He looks for the sword
Here "sword" represents an enemy army. Alternate Translation: "He looks for an enemy army"
Ezk 33:4
each one's blood is on his own head
Here "blood" represents death. The phrase "on his own head" is an idiom that means the person will be held responsible. Alternate Translation: "it is their own fault if they die"
Ezk 33:6
the sword as it is coming
The word "sword" refers to an enemy army. Alternate Translation: "the enemy army as it is coming"
Ezk 33:6
the sword comes and takes anyone's life
Here "sword" represents an enemy army. Alternate Translation: "the enemy army comes and kills anyone"
Ezk 33:6
I will require his blood from the watchman
Here "blood" represents a person's death. The phrase "I will require his blood from" is an idiom that means to consider someone responsible. Alternate Translation: "I will consider that person's death to be the fault of the watchman"
Ezk 33:7
the house of Israel
Here "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Ezk 33:7
you will hear the words from my mouth and warn them on my behalf
Here "mouth" represents what Yahweh says. Alternate Translation: "you will hear the message that I speak and you will warn them on my behalf"
Ezk 33:8
I will require his blood from your hand
Here "blood" represents a person's death. The phrase "require ... from your hand" is an idiom that means to consider someone responsible. Alternate Translation: "I will consider you responsible for his death"
Ezk 33:10
the house of Israel
Here "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Ezk 33:20
house of Israel
Here "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "people of Israel"
Ezk 33:22
The hand of Yahweh had been on me
The word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. A person with his hand on another person has power over that person. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate Translation: "Yahweh was controlling me"
Ezk 33:25
you pour out people's blood
Here "blood" represents a person's life. To pour out blood is an idiom that means to murder. Alternate Translation: "you murder people"
Ezk 33:26
You have depended on your swords
Here "swords" represent doing violent things. Alternate Translation: "You have committed violent acts with your swords to get what you want"
Ezk 33:28
the pride of its might will end
The word "it" refers to the land, which refers to the people of the land. Alternate Translation: "the people of the land will not be proud anymore that they are strong"
Ezk 33:31
Right words are in their mouths, but their hearts are going after unjust profit
Here "mouths" represent speaking. Possible meanings are 1) Alternate Translation: "They speak about loving me, but their hearts are going after unjust profit" or 2) Alternate Translation: "They speak about the things they lust after, and their hearts are going after unjust profit"
Ezk 33:31
their hearts are going after unjust profit
Here "hearts" represents desire. Alternate Translation: "in their hearts they want to get their unjust profit" or "they desire to get things in ways that are not just"
Ezk 33:32
you are like a lovely song to them
Here "you" refers to Ezekiel, and here he represents the message he speaks. This compares Ezekiel's message to a lovely song, which means the people enjoy listening to him, but they do not think his message is important enough to obey. Alternate Translation: "they think that your words are like a lovely song"
Ezk 34:10
from their mouths
Here "mouths" represent eating. Alternate Translation: "so they cannot eat them"
Ezk 34:23
my servant David
Here "David" refers to a descendant of David. Alternate Translation: "a descendant of my servant David"
Ezk 34:27
from the hand of those who enslaved them
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "from the control of those who made them slaves" or "from those who made them slaves"
Ezk 34:28
They will no longer be plunder for the nations
Here "nations" represents the people of the nations. Alternate Translation: "The people of the nations will no longer steal from them"
Ezk 34:29
they will not bear the scorn of the nations
Here "nations" represents the people of the nations. The abstract noun "scorn" can be stated as a verb. Alternate Translation: "they will no longer hear the people of the nations insult them"
Ezk 35:3
I will strike you with my hand
Here "hand" represents power. Alternate Translation: "I will use my power to strike you"
Ezk 35:6
I will prepare you for bloodshed
Here "bloodshed" is a metonym for killing. Alternate Translation: "I will make it easy for your enemies to kill many of you"
Ezk 35:6
Since you did not hate bloodshed
Here "bloodshed" is a metonym for killing. Alternate Translation: "Since you did not hate it when enemies brutally killed the people of Israel"
Ezk 35:14
the entire earth rejoices
Here "earth" represents the people of the earth. The word "entire" is a generalization that refers only to people near Mount Seir. Alternate Translation: "people who know that I have destroyed you rejoice"
Ezk 36:5
had both joy in their heart and disdain in their spirit, as they seized my land
Here "heart" and "spirit" represent a person's inner being. The ideas of having joy and disdain can be expressed with the verbs "rejoiced" and "despised." Alternate Translation: "who despised the people of Israel and rejoiced while they took my land"
Ezk 36:10
even the whole house of Israel
Here "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "all of the people of Israel"
Ezk 36:17
the house of Israel
Here "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Ezk 36:20
they profaned my holy name
Here "name" represents Yahweh and his reputation. Alternate Translation: "they mocked me"
Ezk 36:21
But I had compassion for my holy name that the house of Israel had defiled among the nations, when they went there
Here "name" represents Yahweh and his reputation. Alternate Translation: "When the house of Israel went among the nations, they caused me disgrace, but I wanted people to know that I am holy"
Ezk 36:21
the house of Israel
Here "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Ezk 36:22
the house of Israel
Here "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Ezk 36:22
but for my holy name, which you have profaned among the nations everywhere you have gone
Here "name" represents Yahweh and his reputation. Alternate Translation: "but so that the people of the nations, who mock me because of you, will know that I am holy"
Ezk 36:32
house of Israel
Here "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "people of Israel"
Ezk 36:34
before the eyes of all who pass by
The eyes represent sight. Alternate Translation: "to those who pass by and see it"
Ezk 36:37
I will be asked by the house of Israel
Here "house" represents people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The people of Israel will ask me"
Ezk 37:1
The hand of Yahweh was upon me
The word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. A person with his hand on another person has power over that other person. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Ezekiel 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate Translation: "Yahweh was controlling me"
Ezk 37:11
the entire house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md).
Ezk 37:19
the branch of Joseph
the stick of Joseph. This represents the kingdom of Israel.
Ezk 37:19
that is in the hand of Ephraim
The word "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "that is in the power of Ephraim" or "that the tribe of Ephraim rules over"
Ezk 37:19
the branch of Judah
the stick of Judah. This represents the kingdom of Judah.
Ezk 37:24
David my servant
Yahweh said "David" to refer to a descendant of David. See how you translated "my servant David" in [Ezekiel 34:23](../34/23.md). Alternate Translation: "A descendant of my servant David"
Ezk 38:2
set your face
Here "face" is a metonym for attention or gaze, and "set your face" represents staring. Alternate Translation: "stare"
Ezk 38:8
recovered from the sword
Here the "sword" represents war. Alternate Translation: "recovered from war"
Ezk 38:10
plans will form in your heart
Here "heart" refers to his thinking. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "you will think of plans"
Ezk 38:12
bring my hand
Here "hand" refers to Gog's military power.
Ezk 38:12
against the ruins
Here "ruins" refers to the people who live in the destroyed cities. Alternate Translation: "against the people who live in the ruins"
Ezk 38:17
by the hand of my servants
Here "hand" refers to the fact that these prophets wrote down Yahweh's message. Alternate Translation: "by means of my servants" or "through my servants"
Ezk 38:21
I will summon a sword against him
The word "sword" here is a metonym for soldiers who use swords to kill people. Alternate Translation: "I will cause soldiers to attack him"
Ezk 38:21
each man's sword will be against his brother
Here "sword" is a metonym for the person who uses the sword to fight. Alternate Translation: "all of his soldiers will fight each other"
Ezk 38:22
I will judge him by plague and blood
Here "blood" is a metonym for injury and death. Alternate Translation: "I will judge him by causing him to be sick and by sending soldiers to kill him"
Ezk 38:23
I will make myself known in the eyes of the many nations
Here "eyes" refers to sight, which is a metonym for understanding. Alternate Translation: "I will cause many nations to understand who I am"
Ezk 39:6
I will send out fire on Magog
Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh will send literal fire down on Gog and his army or 2) "fire" is a metonym for the destruction that it causes.
Ezk 39:7
I will make my holy name known in the midst of my people Israel
Here the metonym "my holy name" refers to Yahweh's character. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will make my people, Israel, know that I am holy"
Ezk 39:12
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 39:20
chariot
The metonym "chariot" refers to the men in the chariots. Alternate Translation: "chariot driver"
Ezk 39:21
my hand
Here the metonym "hand" refers to Yahweh's power that he uses to bring punishment.
Ezk 39:22
The house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 39:23
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 39:23
gave them into the hand of their adversaries
Here the metonym "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "gave their enemies power over them"
Ezk 39:23
all of them fell by the sword
Here falling represents being killed, and the sword represents battle. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 32:23](../32/23.md). Alternate Translation: "their enemies killed them all in battle"
Ezk 39:25
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 39:27
I will show myself to be holy in the sight of many nations
Here "sight" is a metonym for understanding. Alternate Translation: "many nations will understand that I am holy because of what I did for the house of Israel"
Ezk 39:29
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 40:4
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 44:6
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 44:12
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 44:22
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 45:17
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the Israelites, the descendants of Jacob over many years. See how you translated this in [Ezekiel 3:1](../03/01.md). Alternate Translation: "the Israelites" or "the Israelite people group"
Ezk 47:13
Joseph will have two portions
The person is a metonym for his descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Joseph will receive two areas of land"
Dan 1:5
The king counted out for them
The king's officials did this task for him. Alternate Translation: "The king's officials counted out for them"
Dan 2:1
His mind was troubled
Here "mind" refers to his thoughts. Alternate Translation: "His thoughts disturbed him"
Dan 2:20
Praise the name of God
Here "name" refers to God himself. Alternate Translation: "Praise God"
Dan 2:21
places kings on their thrones
Here being on the "throne" refers to ruling over a kingdom. Alternate Translation: "makes new kings rule over their kingdoms"
Dan 2:38
He has given into your hand the place
Here "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "He has given you control over the place"
Dan 2:38
the place where the human beings live
The place is used to represent the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "the people of the land"
Dan 2:38
He has given over the animals ... into your hand
Here "hand" refers to control. Alternate Translation: "He has given you control over the animals of the fields and the birds of the heavens"
Dan 3:1
Nebuchadnezzar made a gold statue ... He set it up
Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to make a gold statue ... They set it up"
Dan 3:3
the statue that Nebuchadnezzar had set up
Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "the statue that Nebuchadnezzar's men had set up"
Dan 3:4
peoples, nations, and languages
Here "nations" and "languages" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. Alternate Translation: "people from different nations and who speak different languages"
Dan 3:7
peoples, nations, and languages
Here "nations" and "languages" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](./04.md). Alternate Translation: "people from different nations and who spoke different languages"
Dan 3:7
the golden statue that Nebuchadnezzar the king had set up
Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "the golden statue that King Nebuchadnezzar's men had set up"
Dan 3:12
the golden statue you have set up
Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "the golden statue your men have set up"
Dan 3:14
Have you made your minds up
Here "mind" refers to deciding. To "make up your mind" is an idiom that means to firmly decide. Alternate Translation: "Have you firmly decided"
Dan 3:14
the golden statue that I have set up
Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "the golden statue that my men have set up"
Dan 3:15
the statue that I have made
Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "the statue that my men have made"
Dan 3:15
out of my hands
Here "hands" refers to power to punish. Alternate Translation: "from my punishment"
Dan 3:17
out of your hand
Here "hand" refers to power to punish. Alternate Translation: "from your punishment"
Dan 3:18
the golden statue you set up
Nebuchadnezzar commanded his men to do this work, he did not do the work himself. Alternate Translation: "the golden statue your men set up"
Dan 3:29
any people, nation, or language that speaks
Here "nations" and "language" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Daniel 3:4](./04.md). Alternate Translation: "any people from any nation, or those who speak any language that says"
Dan 4:1
King Nebuchadnezzar sent
This phrase is referring to the king's messenger as the king himself. Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar sent his messengers with"
Dan 4:1
peoples, nations, and languages
Here "nations" and "languages" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate Translation: "people from different nations and who speak different languages"
Dan 4:26
heaven rules
Here "heaven" refers to God who lives in heaven. Alternate Translation: "God in heaven is the ruler of all"
Dan 4:36
I was brought ... greatness was given to me
Here "throne" refers to his authority to rule. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I returned to rule my kingdom again, and I received even more greatness"
Dan 5:2
Nebuchadnezzar his father had taken
Here "Nebuchadnezzar" refers to Nebuchadnezzar's army. Alternate Translation: "his father Nebuchadnezzar's army" or "the army of Nebuchadnezzar his father had taken"
Dan 5:13
whom my father the king brought out of Judah
In this phrase "father" is being used to represent all of the soldiers. Alternate Translation: "whom my father's soldiers brought out of Judah"
Dan 5:19
peoples, nations, and languages
Here "nations" and "languages" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate Translation: "people from different nations and who speak different languages"
Dan 5:19
He put to death those he wanted to die
This phrase does not mean King Nebuchadnezzar put people to death himself, but rather those he commanded. Alternate Translation: "Nebuchadnezzar commanded his soldiers to kill those he wanted to die"
Dan 5:20
he was brought down from his kingly throne
Here "throne" refers to his authority to rule. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "the people took away his kingdom"
Dan 5:21
he had the mind of an animal
Here "mind" represents his thoughts. Alternate Translation: "he thought as an animal thinks"
Dan 5:23
God who holds your breath in his hand
Here "breath" refers to life and "hand" refers to power or control. Alternate Translation: "God who gives you breath" or "God who has control over your entire life"
Dan 6:14
he applied his mind
Here "mind" refers to his thinking. Alternate Translation: "he thought very hard about how"
Dan 6:25
peoples, nations, and languages
Here "nations" and "languages" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate Translation: "people from different nations and who spoke different languages"
Dan 7:4
The mind of a man was given to it
Here "mind" refers to thinking. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Someone gave it the ability to think like a human being"
Dan 7:8
the horns
Translators may write a footnote like this: "Horns are a symbol of power and represent powerful leaders."
Dan 7:14
peoples, nations, and languages
Here "nations" and "languages" represent people from different nations who speak different languages. See how you translated this in [Daniel 3:4](../03/04.md). Alternate Translation: "people from different nations and who speak different languages"
Dan 7:25
These things will be given into his hand
Here "his hand" refers to his control. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The newest king will control the religous festivals and laws"
Dan 8:4
to rescue anyone out of his hand
Rams do not have hands. Here "hand" refers to the ram's power. Alternate Translation: "to rescue anyone from him" or "to rescue anyone from his power"
Dan 8:20
the kings of Media and Persia
Possible meanings are 1) this refers to the kings of Media and Persia or 2) this is a metonym in which the kings represents the kingdoms of Media and Persia. Alternate Translation: "the kingdoms of Media and Persia"
Dan 8:21
the king of Greece
Possible meanings are 1) this refers to the king of Greece or 2) this is a metonym in which the king represents the kingdom of Greece. Alternate Translation: "the kingdom of Greece"
Dan 8:25
under his hand
Here "hand" refers to his rule. Alternate Translation: "under his rule"
Dan 8:25
he will be broken
Here "he" refers to his power. Alternate Translation: "his rule will end"
Dan 8:25
not by any human hand
Here "hand" refers to power. This can be also stated in positive form. Alternate Translation: "not by any human power" or "by divine power"
Dan 9:3
I turned my face to the Lord God
Here "face" represents Daniel's attention. Alternate Translation: "I focused my attention on the Lord God" or "I directed my thoughts toward the Lord God"
Dan 9:6
We have not listened to your servants
Here "not listened" means they did not obey their message. Alternate Translation: "We have not obeyed the message of your prophets"
Dan 9:6
spoke in your name
Here "name" refers to God's authority. Alternate Translation: "spoke with your authority" or "spoke as your representative"
Dan 9:10
We have not obeyed the voice of Yahweh our God
Here "voice" refers to the commands that Yahweh spoke. Alternate Translation: "We have not obeyed what Yahweh told us to do"
Dan 9:14
we have not obeyed his voice
Here "voice" refers to the things that Yahweh commanded. Alternate Translation: "we have not done what he told us to do"
Dan 9:15
with a mighty hand
Here "mighty hand" is a metonym for strength. Alternate Translation: "with great strength"
Dan 9:18
is called by your name
Here "name" represents ownership. Alternate Translation: "is your city" or "belongs to you"
Dan 9:27
the wing of abominations
This may refer to the defensive structures on top of the walls of the temple, which are called "abominations" because they are full of idols. Alternate Translation: "the walls of the temple that are full of abominations"
Dan 11:12
will make tens of thousands to fall
Here falling represents dying in battle. Alternate Translation: "will have his army kill many thousands of his enemies" or "will kill many thousands of his enemies"
Dan 11:15
will not be able to stand
Here standing represents the ability to fight. Alternate Translation: "will not be able to keep fighting against them"
Dan 11:16
He will stand in
Here standing represents ruling. Alternate Translation: "The king will begin to rule"
Dan 11:17
come with the strength of his entire kingdom
This probably refers to military power. Alternate Translation: "come with the force of all his army"
Dan 11:26
those who eat his fine food
This refers to the king's advisers. It was usual for a king's most trusted advisers to eat meals with him. Alternate Translation: "the king's best advisers"
Dan 11:27
will sit at the same table
Sitting at the same table represents the act of talking to each other.
Dan 11:28
riches, with his heart set against the holy covenant
Here "heart" represents the mind or thoughts of a person. The idiom "his heart set against" means to be determined to oppose something. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate Translation: "riches. He will be determined to oppose the holy covenant"
Dan 11:28
with his heart set against the holy covenant
The king's desire to act against the holy covenant represents his desire to stop the Israelites from obeying that covenant. Alternate Translation: "determined to stop the Israelites from obeying the holy covenant"
Dan 11:30
ships of Kittim will come against him
The ships represent the army coming in those ships. Alternate Translation: "an army will come from Kittim in ships in order to fight his army"
Dan 11:32
who know their God
Here "know" means "be faithful." Alternate Translation: "who are faithful to their God"
Dan 11:41
will fall
Here falling represents the action of dying. Alternate Translation: "will die"
Dan 11:41
But these will escape from his hand
Here "hand" represents power. Alternate Translation: "But these will escape from his power" or "But he will not be able to destroy these nations"
Dan 11:44
go out
To "go out" represents the action of attacking the enemy.
Dan 11:45
the mountain of the beauty of holiness
This refers to the hill in Jerusalem where God's temple was. See how you translated somewhat similar phrases in [Daniel 9:16](../09/16.md) and [Daniel 9:20](../09/20.md).
Dan 12:4
close up these words; keep the book sealed
Here "words" represents the book. Alternate Translation: "close this book and keep it sealed"
Hos 1:5
the bow of Israel
Here "bow" refers to the power of the army. Alternate Translation: "the military power of Israel"
Hos 2:5
I will go after my lovers, for they give me my bread and water, my wool and flax, my oil and drink
Here "my lovers" refers to Baal and other false gods, whom Israel has chosen to worship instead of Yahweh. The list of things are essential items that allow the people to live.
Hos 2:9
I will take back my wool and flax that were used to cover her nakedness
This probably means that Israel's harvests and flocks will fail. Yahweh will remove his blessings from Israel, and the people will be left alone and in danger of attack.
Hos 2:10
no one will rescue her out of my hand
No one will try to help Israel. Here "hand" refers to God's power to punish.
Hos 2:18
I will drive away the bow, the sword, and the battle from the land, and I will make you lie down in safety
Yahweh will keep Israel's enemies away from them, there will be no more war, the people will be safe. Here "the bow, the sword, and the battle" represent war.
Hos 2:18
lie down in safety
This expression refers to living in safety.
Hos 3:5
David their king
Here "David" represents all the descendants of David. Alternate Translation: "a descendant of David to be their king"
Hos 3:5
they will come trembling before Yahweh and his goodness
Here "trembling" represents feelings of awe and humility. Alternate Translation: "they will come back to Yahweh and will humble themselves, honor him, and ask for his blessings"
Hos 4:7
They exchanged their honor for shame
Possible meanings are 1) "honor" is a metonym that represents Yahweh, and "shame" is a metonym that represents idols. Alternate Translation: "They have stopped worshiping me, their honorable God, and now worship shameful idols" or 2) some Bible versions translate this as "I will exchange their honor for shame." This means Yahweh will take away the things which the priests honor and cause the priests to be ashamed.
Hos 6:7
Like Adam
Possible meanings are 1) this refers to Adam, the first man or 2) this is a metonym that represents the people who live in a city in Israel called Adam. Alternate Translation: "Like the people in the city of Adam" or 3) this refers to people in general. The word "Adam" means "man" or "humankind." Alternate Translation: "Like all of humankind"
Hos 6:8
Gilead is a city ... with footprints of blood
Footprints of blood probably represents the evildoers and their acts of murder.
Hos 6:10
Ephraim's prostitution
Here "prostitution" refers to Ephraim's worship of false gods.
Hos 7:9
Gray hairs are sprinkled on him
Here "gray hairs" represent old age.
Hos 7:16
because of the insolence of their tongues
Here "tongue" refers to what the officials say. Alternate Translation: "because they insult me" or "because they curse me"
Hos 8:5
Your calf
The people worshiped an idol that looked like a calf, so Yahweh is speaking of their worship as if it were the calf itself. Alternate Translation: "Because you worship your calf idol, your worship"
Hos 9:6
Egypt will gather them, and Memphis will bury them
Egypt and Memphis refer to the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "the army of Egypt will capture you. You will die there, and the people in the city of Memphis will bury you"
Hos 9:6
their tents
Here "tents" represents the Israelites' homes.
Hos 9:13
but Ephraim will bring out his children
The word "children" are the people from that nation. Alternate Translation: "but the people of Israel will bring out their children"
Hos 9:15
I will drive them out of my house
Yahweh is stating that he will force Israel out of his land, the land of Canaan. Here "my house" represents Canaan.
Hos 10:2
now they must bear their guilt
Here "guilt" is a metonym for the punishment that is associated with it. This punishment is spoken of as if it was a heavy load for them to carry. Alternate Translation: "now is the time that Yahweh will punish them for their sins"
Hos 10:15
So it will happen to you, Bethel, because of your great wickedness
Here "Bethel" represents the people who live there. The prophet addresses the people of Bethel as if they were there listening to him.
Hos 11:6
The sword will fall on their cities
Here "sword" represents the enemies of Israel who will destroy Israel's cities.
Hos 11:6
destroy the bars of their gates
Gates offered security to city inhabitants from their enemies, and the bars secured the closed gates. To destroy the bars meant to take away the people's security.
Hos 11:8
My heart has changed within me
Here "heart" represents God's will and decisions.
Hos 11:12
But Judah is still going about with me
Here "Judah" refers to the people who live there. This speaks of being loyal to God as "going about" with him. However, many versions have different interpretations of this difficult passage.
Hos 12:1
follows after the east wind
East winds were very hot and destructive to the land. Here it represents anything that is destructive. The people doing things that will destroy themselves is spoken of as if they are following the east wind.
Hos 12:9
I will again make you live in tents
Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh is threatening to force the people of Israel from their homes and make them live in tents. So, here to "live in tents" would represent being sent into exile, or 2) it is a promise that after their exile the people will live in tents again, and Yahweh will take care of them as he did when the Israelites left Egypt. So, here "to live in tents" would represent a return to an ideal situation when Yahweh took care of his people.
Hos 12:14
So his Lord will leave his blood on him
Here "blood" refers to the guilt incurred by people who murder others. God will not forgive their sins.
Hos 13:16
Samaria will be guilty, for she has rebelled against her God
Here "Samaria" refers to the people in the city of Samaria who are guilty of rebelling against God.
Hos 13:16
by the sword
Here the "sword" represents the enemy soldiers who used swords in battle.
Hos 14:2
the fruit of our lips
What a person says is called the fruit of his lips. Modern versions have different translations of this difficult passage. Alternate Translation: "our words and songs of praise"
Jol 2:12
Return to me with all your heart
The heart is a metonym for what the person thinks and loves. Alternate Translation: "Turn away from your sins and be totally devoted to me"
Jol 2:13
Tear your heart and not only your garments
The heart is a metonym for what the person thinks and loves. Tearing one's clothes is an outward act of shame or repentance. Alternate Translation: "Change your way of thinking; do not just tear your garments"
Jol 2:22
the pastures of the wilderness will sprout
The pastures are a metonym for the plants that grow in the pastures. Alternate Translation: "plants good for food will sprout in the pastures in the wilderness"
Jol 2:26
praise the name of Yahweh
The name is a metonym for the person, specifically his reputation. Alternate Translation: "praise Yahweh" or "praise Yahweh because everyone knows he is good"
Jol 2:30
blood, fire, and pillars of smoke
blood is symbolizing the death of people. Alternate Translation: "death, fire and pillars of smoke"
Jol 2:31
the moon into blood
Here the word "blood" refers to the color red. You can supply the verb for this phrase. Alternate Translation: "the moon will turn red like blood"
Jol 2:32
everyone who calls on the name of Yahweh will be saved
The name is a metonym for the person. This can be translated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will save everyone who calls on his name"
Jol 3:8
I will sell your sons and your daughters, by the hand of the people of Judah
The hand can be a metonym for the power the hand exercises or a synecdoche for the person. Alternate Translation: "I will have the people of Judah sell your sons and your daughters"
Jol 3:19
because they shed innocent blood in their land
The word "they" refers to "Edom" and "Egypt" and is a metonym for the people of Egypt and Edom. The words "innocent blood" are a metonym for innocent people whom they have killed. Alternate Translation: "because the people of Egypt and the people of Edom killed innocent people in the land of the people of Judah"
Jol 3:21
I will avenge their blood that I have not yet avenged
Blood is a metonym for death. Alternate Translation: "I will punish the enemies who killed the people of Israel and still have not been punished"
Amo 1:3
Damascus
Here "Damascus" represents the people of the city of Damascus. Alternate Translation: "the people of Damascus"
Amo 1:3
Gilead
Here "Gilead" represents the people of the region of Gilead. Alternate Translation: "the people of Gilead"
Amo 1:4
the house of Hazael
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Hazael's descendants, who were rulers of the country where Damascus was located.
Amo 1:5
the man who holds the scepter in
This is a metonym for the ruler of that city or region. Alternate Translation: "the ruler of"
Amo 1:6
Gaza
Here "Gaza" represents the people of the region of Gaza. Alternate Translation: "the people of Gaza"
Amo 1:6
Edom
Here "Edom" represents the people of the country of Edom. Alternate Translation: "the people of Edom"
Amo 1:8
the man who holds the scepter
This is a metonym for the ruler of that city or region. Alternate Translation: "the ruler"
Amo 1:8
I will turn my hand against Ekron
Here "hand" represents Yahweh's power that he would use against Ekron. Alternate Translation: "I will strike Ekron" or "I will destroy Ekron"
Amo 1:8
Ekron
Here "Ekron" represents the people of the city of Ekron. Alternate Translation: "the people of Ekron"
Amo 1:9
Tyre
Here "Tyre" represents the people of the city of Tyre. Alternate Translation: "the people of Tyre"
Amo 1:11
Edom
Here "Edom" represents the people of the country of Edom. Alternate Translation: "the people of Edom"
Amo 2:1
Moab
This represents the Moabite people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Moab"
Amo 2:2
Moab will die
Here "Moab" represents the people of Moab. Alternate Translation: "The people of Moab will die"
Amo 2:4
Judah
This represents the people of Judah. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah"
Amo 2:6
Israel
This represents the Israelite people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Amo 2:16
flee naked
Possible meanings are 1) this is a metonym for "run away without his weapons" or 2) this is meant literally as "run away wearing no clothes"
Amo 3:1
the whole family
Here "the whole family" represents to the whole nation. The people of Israel were all descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "the whole nation" or "the whole clan"
Amo 3:2
all the families of the earth
Here "families" represents nations or people groups. Alternate Translation: "all the nations of the earth" or "all the clans on the earth"
Amo 3:10
They store up violence and destruction
Here "violence and destruction" represent things they have taken by being violent and destructive. Alternate Translation: "They store up things that they have violently stolen from others"
Amo 3:13
the house of Jacob
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. They were the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Jacob"
Amo 3:14
I will also punish the altars of Bethel
People sinned against God by worshiping false gods at their altars. Here "punish the altars" represents punishing the people by destroying their altars. Alternate Translation: "I will also destroy the altars at Bethel"
Amo 4:6
I gave you cleanness of teeth
Here having clean teeth represents having no food in the mouth to make the teeth dirty. Alternate Translation: "I caused you to starve"
Amo 4:6
lack of bread
Giving them "lack of bread" represents causing them to lack bread, and "bread" represents food in general. Alternate Translation: "I caused you not to have enough food"
Amo 4:8
Two or three cities staggered
Here "cities" represents the people of those cities. Alternate Translation: "The people of two or three cities staggered"
Amo 4:9
I afflicted you with blight and mildew
Here "afflicted you" represents afflicting their crops. Alternate Translation: "I afflicted your crops with blight and mildew" or "I destroyed your crops with blight and mildew"
Amo 4:10
I killed your young men with the sword
Here "the sword" represents battle. God killed them by sending enemies to fight against them. Alternate Translation: "I made your enemies kill your men in battle"
Amo 4:10
carried away your horses
God speaks of causing the enemies to steal their horses as if he carried the horses away. Alternate Translation: "I made your enemies take away your horses"
Amo 4:10
made the stench of your camp come up to your nostrils
A stench is a bad smell. The stench coming up to their nostrils represents them smelling something terrible. It can be stated clearly that the smell was from the dead bodies of those who were killed. Alternate Translation: "I made you smell the terrible odor of the dead bodies in your camp"
Amo 5:1
house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. Alternate Translation: "you people of Israel" or "you Israelite people group"
Amo 5:5
For Gilgal will surely go into captivity
Here "Gilgal" represents the people of Gilgal, and going into captivity refers to being captured and taken away. Alternate Translation: "For the people of Gilgal will surely be captured and taken away" or "For your enemies will surely capture the people of Gilgal and take them away"
Amo 5:6
the house of Joseph
This phrase is a metonym for the descendants of Joseph. Here it represents the northern kingdom of Israel, whose two largest tribes were the descendants of Joseph. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Joseph" or "Israel"
Amo 5:13
for it is an evil time
Here "an evil time" represents a time when people are evil and do evil deeds. Alternate Translation: "for it is a time when people are evil" or "for people do evil things"
Amo 5:15
the remnant of Joseph
Here "remnant" refers to people who are still living in Israel after the others are killed or taken away as captives. Here "Joseph" represents the northern kingdom of Israel, whose two largest tribes were the descendants of Joseph. See how you translated "house of Joseph" in [Amos 5:6](./06.md). Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Joseph who are still alive" or "those of Israel who survive"
Amo 5:25
Did you bring
God speaks as though the Israelites he is speaking to were part of the group that wandered in the wilderness. Alternate Translation: "Did your ancestors bring"
Amo 5:25
house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. See how you translated it in [Amos 5:1](./01.md). Alternate Translation: "you people of Israel" or "you Israelite people group"
Amo 5:26
You have lifted up the images of Sikkuth ... and Kaiwan
Here "lifted up the images" represents worshiping them. Alternate Translation: "You have worshiped the images of Sikkuth ... and Kaiwan"
Amo 6:1
the house of Israel comes
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants. Alternate Translation: "the Israelites come" or "the Israelite people group comes"
Amo 6:3
and make the throne of violence come near
Here "throne" is a metonym that represents reign or rule. The people doing evil things, which causes Yahweh to bring disaster on them, is spoken of as if they were causing "violence" to rule them. Alternate Translation: "but who are actually causing me to send violent people to destroy you"
Amo 6:6
they do not grieve over the ruin of Joseph
Here "Joseph" represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "they do not grieve about the descendants of Joseph whom enemies will soon destroy"
Amo 6:8
I detest the pride of Jacob
Here "Jacob" represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "I hate the descendants of Jacob because they have become arrogant"
Amo 6:14
from Lebo Hamath to the brook of the Arabah
Here "Lebo Hamath" represents the northern border of Israel, and "brook of the Arabah" represents the southern border. Alternate Translation: "from the northern border of your nation to the southern border"
Amo 7:2
how will Jacob survive? For he is so small.
Here "Jacob" represents his descendants the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "how will we Israelites survive? We are so small and weak!"
Amo 7:5
how will Jacob survive? For he is so small.
Here "Jacob" represents his descendants the Israelites. See how you translated this in [Amos 7:2](./02.md). Alternate Translation: "how will the Israelites survive? We are so small and weak!"
Amo 7:9
The high places of Isaac will be destroyed, the sanctuaries of Israel will be ruined, and I will rise against the house of Jeroboam with the sword
Here "sword" represents an army. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "I will send an army to attack the house of Jeroboam, and the army will destroy the high places of Isaac and the sanctuaries of Israel"
Amo 7:9
Isaac ... Israel
Both of these represent the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Isaac ... the people of Israel"
Amo 7:9
the house of Jeroboam
Here "house" represents "family." Translate "Jeroboam" as you did in [Amos 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate Translation: "Jeroboam and his family"
Amo 7:10
Amos has conspired against you in the middle of the house of Israel
Here "house" represents "people." Alternate Translation: "Amos is right here among the Israelites, and he is planning to do bad things to you"
Amo 7:10
The land cannot bear all his words
Here "land" represents "people." Disrupting the peace is spoken of as if Amos's words were a heavy object that the land could not carry. Alternate Translation: "What his is saying disturb the peace among the people" or "His message will cause trouble among the people"
Amo 7:11
Jeroboam will die by the sword
Here "sword" represents the enemies. Alternate Translation: "Enemies will kill Jeroboam"
Amo 7:16
do not speak against the house of Isaac
Here "house" represents the family or descendants of Isaac. Alternate Translation: "do not speak against the descendants of Isaac"
Amo 7:17
your sons and your daughters will fall by the sword
Here "sword" represents enemies. Alternate Translation: "enemies will kill your sons and daughters"
Amo 8:7
Yahweh has sworn by the pride of Jacob
Here "pride of Jacob" is a title for Yahweh. Also "Jacob" represents his descendants, the Israelites. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh has sworn by himself, saying" or "Yahweh, of whom the Israelites are so proud, has sworn"
Amo 8:14
by the sin of Samaria
Here "sin" represents the false god the people worship in Samaria. Alternate Translation: "by the false god of Samaria"
Amo 9:1
I will kill the last of them with the sword
Here "sword" represents an army attacking with their weapons. Alternate Translation: "I will send an enemy army to kill the rest of them"
Amo 9:2
there my hand will take them
Here "hand" represents Yahweh's power. Alternate Translation: "I will pull them up from there"
Amo 9:4
there will I give orders to the sword, and it will kill them
Here "sword" represents their enemies. Alternate Translation: "there I will cause their enemies to kill them"
Amo 9:4
I will keep my eyes on them for harm and not for good
Here "eyes" represents seeing. The phrase "keep my eyes on them" is an idiom that means to watch closely. Alternate Translation: "I will watch closely and make sure only bad things happen to them and not good things"
Amo 9:6
he who builds his steps in the heavens
These are probably the steps that ancient people imagined led up to God's palace in the heavens. However, some modern versions wish to read a different Hebrew word meaning "palace" or "rooms." Here "his steps" probably is a metonym for God's palace.
Amo 9:8
the eyes of the Lord Yahweh are on the sinful kingdom
Here "eyes" represents seeing. Also, Yahweh speaks of himself in third person. Alternate Translation: "I, the Lord Yahweh, see that the people of this kingdom are very sinful"
Amo 9:8
the house of Jacob
Here "house" represents a family. And, "Jacob" represents his descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of Jacob"
Amo 9:9
the house of Israel
Here "house" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Israel"
Amo 9:10
All the sinners of my people will die by the sword
Here "sword" represents their enemies. Alternate Translation: "Enemies will kill all the sinners of my people"
Amo 9:12
all the nations that are called by my name
Here "name" represents Yahweh. The idiom "called by my name" means they once belonged to Yahweh. This means that in the past the people had conquered and taken control of these territories. Alternate Translation: "all the nations that once belonged to me" or "all the nations that I caused the people of Israel to conquer in the past"
Oba 1:1
rise up against her
Here "her" refers to Edom. This is a metonym for the people of Edom, so it could also be translated as "them."
Oba 1:3
The pride of your heart has deceived you
The "heart" was associated with emotions. The Edomites' pride caused them to be deceived about their security. Alternate Translation: "Your pride has deceived you" or "Your pride causes you think you are safe"
Oba 1:10
your brother Jacob
Here "Jacob" represents his descendants. Because Jacob was the brother of Esau, the people of Edom are spoken of as if they were the brothers of the descendants of Jacob. Alternate Translation: "your relatives who are the descendants of Jacob"
Oba 1:17
the house of Jacob
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob"
Oba 1:18
the house of Esau
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Esau's descendants. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Esau"
Jon 1:2
speak out against it
God is referring to the people of the city. Alternate Translation: "warn the people"
Jon 1:3
the presence of Yahweh
Here Yahweh is represented by his presence.
Jon 1:3
away from the presence of Yahweh
Here Yahweh is represented by his presence. Alternate Translation: "away from Yahweh"
Jon 1:10
he was running away from the presence of Yahweh
Here Yahweh is represented by his presence. Jonah was seeking to escape Yahweh as if Yahweh was present only in the land of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Jonah was running away from Yahweh"
Jon 3:3
the word of Yahweh
Here "word" represents Yahweh's message. Alternate Translation: "the message of Yahweh"
Mic 1:5
because of the sins of the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house, in this case the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "because the people of Israel have sinned against me"
Mic 1:5
What is Jacob's transgression?
The name "Jacob" is a metonym for those of his descendants who live in the northern kingdom of Israel.
Mic 1:5
Is it not Samaria?
Here "Samaria" is a metonym for the evil activities that take place there. Micah uses a question to emphasize that the people know what the truth is. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate Translation: "You know that it is Samaria."
Mic 1:5
Is it not Jerusalem?
Here "Jerusalem" is a metonym for the evil activities that take place there. Micah uses a question to emphasize that the people know what the truth is. This question can be translated as a statement. Alternate Translation: "You know that it is Jerusalem."
Mic 1:13
the daughter of Zion
The word "daughter" is a metonym for the people of the city. Alternate Translation: "the people of Zion" or "the people who live in Zion"
Mic 2:7
house of Jacob
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob"
Mic 3:7
All of them will cover their lips
Here "lips" represents speaking. Alternate Translation: "They shall no longer speak"
Mic 3:8
to declare to Jacob his transgression, and to Israel his sin
Here "Jacob" and "Israel" are metonyms for Jacob's descendants. Micah uses both names to emphasize that all of his descendants are guilty of sin. The abstract nouns "transgression" and "sin" can be translated using verbs. Alternate Translation: "to declare to Jacob's descendants that they have broken Yahweh's law; I am telling the people of Israel that they have all sinned"
Mic 3:9
house of Jacob
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Jacob's descendants. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Jacob"
Mic 3:9
the house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to Israel's descendants, who had become the nation of Israel. Alternate Translation: "descendants of Israel" or "you Israelites"
Mic 4:2
Many nations
The word "nations" is a metonym for the people of the nations. Alternate Translation: "The people from many nations"
Mic 4:10
the hand of your enemies
Possible meanings for the word "hand" are 1) it could be a metonym for the power that the hand exercises, Alternate Translation: "the power of your enemies" or 2) it could be a synecdoche for the person. Alternate Translation: "your enemies"
Mic 5:1
with a rod they will strike the judge of Israel on the cheek
The rod is a metonym for a greater man punishing a lesser man with a rod. To strike a man on the cheek was to insult him more than to harm him. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will punish the judge of Israel by having the invaders insult the judge of Israel"
Mic 5:4
in the majesty of the name of Yahweh his God
The person's name is a metonym for person's authority. Alternate Translation: "and people will honor him because Yahweh his God has given him the authority to rule"
Mic 5:9
Your hand will be lifted against your enemies
The hand is a metonym for the power that the hand exercises or a synecdoche for the whole person. To lift the hand is to exercise power. Alternate Translation: "You will completely defeat your enemies"
Mic 5:12
the witchcraft in your hand
Being in the "hand" represents the actions that the person does. Alternate Translation: "the witchcraft that you do"
Mic 6:9
even now wisdom acknowledges your name
Wisdom is spoken of as a person and is a metonym for the wise person. The word "name" here is a metonym for the person himself, what people think of him, and his authority. Alternate Translation: "and the wise person will fear you" or "and the wise person will acknowledge that you are good and will obey you"
Mic 6:10
There is wealth in the houses of the wicked that is dishonest
Dishonest wealth is a metonym for wealth that people have gained by acting dishonestly. The words "the wicked" refer to wicked people. Houses are a synecdoche for everything a person possesses. Alternate Translation: "Wicked people have acted dishonestly to gain wealth"
Mic 7:6
his own house
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. Alternate Translation: "his own family"
Mic 7:7
will hear me
The word "hear" represents hearing and acting. Alternate Translation: "will act to help me"
Mic 7:20
You will give truth to Jacob and covenant faithfulness to Abraham
Here the names of Jacob and Abraham are metonyms for their descendants, the people of Israel to whom Micah was speaking. The abstract nouns "truth" and "faithfulness" can be stated as "trustworthy" and "faithful." Alternate Translation: "You will show the descendants of Jacob and Abraham that your are trustworthy and faithful to your covenant"
Nam 1:8
he will pursue them into darkness
Here the word "darkness" represents the place of the dead, which is characterized as a dark place. Nahum speaks of Yahweh killing his enemies as if he were chasing them into this dark place. Alternate Translation: "he will cause all his enemies to die"
Nam 1:9
trouble will not rise up a second time
Possible meanings are 1) "trouble" is a metonym for the punishment that Yahweh will inflict upon the people. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will not have to punish you a second time" or 2) "trouble" refers to the trouble that the people cause by plotting against Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "you will not cause trouble a second time"
Nam 2:2
For Yahweh is restoring the majesty of Jacob, like the majesty of Israel
The words "Jacob" and "Israel" are metonyms for the people who are descended from Jacob. Possible meanings are 1) the word "Jacob" refers to the southern kingdom and the word "Israel" refers to the northern kingdom. Alternate Translation: "For Yahweh is restoring the majesty of Judah, as he promised to restore the majesty of Israel" or 2) both "Jacob" and "Israel" refer to the nation as a whole, included both northern and southern kingdoms and the two lines are parallel. Alternate Translation: "For Yahweh is restoring the majesty of all Israel"
Nam 2:13
the sword will devour your young lions
Here the word "sword" is a metonym for soldiers who attack with swords and is spoken of as if it were a person who eats its victims. Nahum also continues to speak to the people of Nineveh as if they were lions. Alternate Translation: "attackers will kill your people with swords"
Nam 3:1
the city full of blood
Here the word "blood" represents bloodshed and refers to the people who have committed murder. Alternate Translation: "the city full of murderers"
Nam 3:1
It is all full of lies
Here the word "lies" is a metonym for those who tell lies. Alternate Translation: "It is full of liars"
Nam 3:8
General Information:
Nahum speaks to the people of Nineveh as though they were the city itself.
Nam 3:10
General Information:
Nahum continues to speak to the people of Nineveh as though they were the city itself.
Nam 3:10
Yet Thebes was carried away
The word "Thebes" represents the people who lived in Thebes. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "Yet those who attacked Thebes carried the people away"
Nam 3:10
she went into captivity
The word "she" refers to Thebes and represents the people who lived there. Alternate Translation: "they went into captivity"
Nam 3:12
General Information:
Nahum continues to speak to the people of Nineveh as though they were the city itself.
Nam 3:14
General Information:
Nahum continues to speak to the people of Nineveh as though they were the city itself.
Nam 3:15
the sword will destroy you
Here the word "sword" is a metonym for the enemies who will attack with swords. Alternate Translation: "your enemies will kill you with their swords"
Nam 3:16
General Information:
Nahum speaks to the people of Nineveh as though they were the city itself.
Hab 2:9
safe from the hand of evil
Here the word "hand" is a metonym for power, and the word "evil" is a metonym for people who do evil things. Alternate Translation: "safe from the power of evil" or "safe from people who will harm him"
Hab 2:12
the one who builds a city with blood
Here the word "blood" is a metonym for murder. It is implicit that the person builds a city by means of the goods that he stole from those whom he has killed. Alternate Translation: "the one who kills people and steals their goods in order to build a city"
Hab 2:17
The violence done to Lebanon
Possible meanings for the word "Lebanon" are 1) it represents the forest of Lebanon. Alternate Translation: "The violence done to the trees of Lebanon" or 2) it represents the people of Lebanon. Alternate Translation: "The violence done to the people of Lebanon"
Hab 2:20
all the land
Here the word "land" is a metonym for the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "everyone in the land" or "everyone on earth"
Hab 3:3
the earth was full of his praise
Here the word "praise" is a metonym for God's qualities that cause people to praise him. Alternate Translation: "the earth was full of his glory"
Hab 3:7
I saw the tents of Cushan in affliction, and the fabric of the tents in the land of Midian trembling
Possible meanings are 1) the words "the tents" and "the fabric of the tents" are metonyms for the people who live in those tents. Alternate Translation: "I saw the people who live in tents in the land of Cushan in affliction, and the people who live in tents in the land of Midian trembling" or 2) this is a metaphor in which Habakkuk speaks of the tents in Cushan and Midian being blown about by a storm as if the tents were people who were trembling in affliction. Alternate Translation: "I saw the tents of Cushan blown about like people in affliction, and the fabric of the tents in the land of Midian trembling as if they were people"
Hab 3:13
You shatter the head of the house of the wicked to lay bare from the base up to the neck
Possible meanings are 1) killing the leader and destroying the people is spoken of as if someone were destroying a house. Here the leader is the head, that is, the roof of the house; and "base" and "neck" represent other parts of the house. Alternate Translation: "You destroy the roof of the wicked house and demolish the rest of the building" or "You kill the leader of the wicked nation and completely destroy the nation" or 2) Killing the leader and removing honor and power from the people is spoken of as if someone were shattering a person's head and stripping off all of his clothes. Here the leader is the "head," and "house" represents the people who are the body. Alternate Translation: "The wicked people and their leader are like a man whose head you crush and whose body you strip naked from foot to neck" or "You kill the leader of the wicked people and completely remove all of the people's power"
Zep 2:2
before the decree takes effect
This phrase refers to the punishment that will happen as a result of Yahweh's decree. Alternate Translation: "before Yahweh punishes you"
Zep 2:2
Yahweh's wrath
This stands for God's intent to punish. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh's punishment"
Zep 2:12
You Cushites also will be pierced by my sword
Here "pieced by my sword" is a metonym for being killed in battle. Alternate Translation: "I will kill you people of Cush in battle"
Zep 2:13
God's hand
Here "hand" refers to power. Alternate Translation: "God's power"
Zep 3:1
General Information:
In verses 3:1-5, Zephaniah speaks Yahweh's message of judgment to the sinful people of Jerusalem. The city represents the people who live within it. To make this clear, it may be helpful to replace the singular "she" and "her" with the plural "they" and "their."
Zep 3:2
She has not listened to the voice of God
The voice is a metonym for what the speaker says with the voice, and listening is a metonym for obeying. Alternate Translation: "She has not obeyed what God has said to her"
Zep 3:3
General Information:
In verses 3:1-5, Zephaniah speaks Yahweh's message of judgment to the sinful people of Jerusalem. The city represents the people who live within it. To make this clear, it may be helpful to replace the singular "she" and "her" with the plural "they" and "their."
Zep 3:9
I will purify the lips of the peoples
Here "lips" refers to the ability to speak. Alternate Translation: "I will cause the peoples to speak what is right"
Zep 3:14
with all your heart
Here "heart" refers to the inner being of a person. Alternate Translation: "with all your inner being"
Zep 3:16
say to Jerusalem ... Zion
The names of these cities here refer to the people who live in them. Alternate Translation: "say to the people of Jerusalem ... people of Zion"
Hag 1:11
upon the new wine, upon the oil
Wine and "oil" are metonyms for grapes and olives.
Hag 1:12
obeyed the voice of Yahweh ... the words of Haggai
The voice and the words are metonyms for the persons. Alternate Translation: "obeyed Yahweh and Haggai"
Hag 1:14
Yahweh stirred up the spirit of the governor of Judah, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, and the spirit of the high priest Joshua son of Jehozadak, and the spirit of all the remnant of the people
Stirring the spirit is a metonym for making someone want to act. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh made the governor of Judah, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, and the high priest Joshua son of Jehozadak, and all the remnant of the people want to act"
Hag 2:22
I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms
The throne is a metonym for the person sitting on the throne. Alternate Translation: "I will take kings off of their thrones"
Hag 2:22
the throne of kingdoms
Here "throne" is a metonym for the king who sits on it. Alternate Translation: "government ruled by kings"
Hag 2:22
each one because of his brother's sword
The sword here is a metonym for violent death. Alternate Translation: "each one because his brother has killed him"
Zec 1:12
to Jerusalem and to the cities of Judah
Here the words "Jerusalem" and "cities" refer to the people who live in those cities. Alternate Translation: "to the people of Jerusalem and to the people of the cities of Judah"
Zec 1:16
My house will be built within her
The word "her" refers to Jerusalem, and the word "house" is a metonym for the temple. This can be stated in active form. Alternate Translation: "The people will build my temple in Jerusalem"
Zec 1:17
My cities will once again overflow with goodness
The phrase "my cities" refers to the cities of Judah and represents the people who live in those cities. Yahweh speaks of the inhabitants of those cities again being prosperous as if goodness were a liquid that overflowed the cities, which are its containers. Alternate Translation: "My cities will once again be prosperous" or "The people in the cities of Judah will once again be prosperous"
Zec 1:17
Yahweh will again comfort Zion
Here the word "Zion" refers to the people who live in the city. Alternate Translation: "Yahweh will again comfort the people in Zion"
Zec 3:7
you will govern my house and guard my courts
Here the word "house" is a metonym for the temple, while the word "courts" refers to the courtyards around the temple. Together the phrases mean that Joshua will have authority over the whole temple complex. Alternate Translation: "you will have authority over my temple and its courtyards"
Zec 3:9
I will remove the sin from this land in one day
Here the word "land" represents the people who live in the land. Alternate Translation: "I will remove the sin of the people from this land in one day"
Zec 4:9
the foundation of this house
The word "house" represents the temple. Alternate Translation: "the foundation of this temple"
Zec 5:3
This is the curse
The word "this" refers to the scroll. The scroll is a metonym for what is written on the scroll. Alternate Translation: "On this scroll is the curse"
Zec 6:6
the white horses are ... the spotted gray horses are
Here the horses represent the chariots that they pull. Alternate Translation: "the chariot with the white horses is ... the chariot with the spotted gray horses is"
Zec 6:8
they will appease my spirit concerning the north country
The words "my spirit" refer to Yahweh, so many translations change this to read "Yahweh's spirit." Possible meanings are 1) the word "spirit" represents Yahweh's emotions and appeasing his spirit means that the chariots will cause Yahweh no longer to be angry with the north country Alternate Translation: "they will calm my anger concerning the north country" or 2) the word "spirit" represents Yahweh's presence and the chariots will cause the Jews who live in the north land to experience Yahweh's blessings. Alternate Translation: "they will cause my spirit to rest in the north country"
Zec 6:15
truly listen to the voice of Yahweh your God
Here to "listen" means to obey and the word "voice" represents the words that Yahweh speaks. Alternate Translation: "truly obey what Yahweh your God says"
Zec 7:2
before the face of Yahweh
Here "face" is a metonym for Yahweh's presence. Alternate Translation: "in the presence of Yahweh"
Zec 7:7
by the mouth of the former prophets
Here "mouth" is a metonym for the words spoken by the mouth. Alternate Translation: "by the words of the former prophets" or "through the former prophets"
Zec 7:10
let none of you plot any harm against another in your heart
Here "heart" represents the thoughts of a person. Alternate Translation: "you must not make plans to do evil"
Zec 7:12
by the mouth of the prophets
Here the "mouth of the prophets" is a metonym for the words that the prophets speak. Alternate Translation: "through the words of the prophets"
Zec 8:2
for Zion
Here "Zion" represents the people of Zion. Alternate Translation: "for the people of Zion" or "for the people of Jerusalem"
Zec 8:13
house of Judah and house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the people in the kingdoms of Judah and Israel. Alternate Translation: "people of Judah and Israel"
Zec 8:13
house of Judah and house of Israel
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the people in the kingdom of Judah. Alternate Translation: "people of Judah"
Zec 8:15
Jerusalem
This is a metonym for the people of Jerusalem. Alternate Translation: "the people of Jerusalem"
Zec 8:19
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the people in the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah"
Zec 8:21
will go to another city
This is a metonym for the people in the other city. Alternate Translation: "will go to the people of another city"
Zec 8:21
before the face of Yahweh
Here "face" is a metonym for Yahweh's presence. See how you translated this in [Zechariah 7:2](../07/02.md). Alternate Translation: "in the presence of Yahweh"
Zec 8:22
mighty nations
This is a metonym for the people in the mighty nations. Alternate Translation: "people of mighty nations"
Zec 9:1
the land of Hadrak and Damascus
Here "Hadrak" and "Damascus" refer to the people who live in those places. Alternate Translation: "the people of the land of Hadrak and the city Damascus"
Zec 9:1
the eyes of all humanity and all the tribes of Israel are toward Yahweh
Here "eyes" refers to what they look at. Alternate Translation: "all humanity and all the tribes of Israel look toward Yahweh"
Zec 9:2
Hamath
This refers to the people who live in that land. Alternate Translation: "the people of the land of Hamath"
Zec 9:2
Tyre and Sidon
This refers to the people who live in those cities. Alternate Translation: "the people of Tyre and Sidon"
Zec 9:4
destroy her strength on the sea
Tyre's "strength on the sea" refers to the ships that were used for commerce and conquest. Alternate Translation: "destroy Tyre's ships in which men fight on the sea"
Zec 9:5
Ashkelon ... Gaza ... Ekron, her hopes
These cities each refer to the people who live in them. Alternate Translation: "The people of Ashkelon ... the people of Gaza ... the hopes of the people of Ekron"
Zec 9:7
I will remove their blood from their mouths and their abominations from between their teeth
Here "blood" is a metonym for meat with blood in it, and "abominations" is a metonym for meat offered to idols. Alternate Translation: "I will no longer allow them to eat meat that still has blood in it, and I will forbid them to eat food that they offered to idols"
Zec 9:8
I see with my own eyes
Here "my own eyes" represent Yahweh's personal attention. Alternate Translation: "I will personally watch over my land"
Zec 9:10
for he will speak peace to the nations
Here the action of announcing peace represents the action of making peace. Alternate Translation: "for your king will bring peace to the nations"
Zec 9:13
I have roused your sons, Zion, against your sons, Greece
God is speaking to the people of two different nations at the same time.
Zec 9:15
defeat the stones of the slings
Slings to throw stones were a common weapon in the days of Zechariah. Here the "stones of the slings" represent the soldiers who were using them to attack Israel. Alternate Translation: "defeat the enemies who attack them with slings and stones"
Zec 10:3
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the people of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the people of Judah"
Zec 10:5
they will shame those who ride warhorses
Here shame accompanies and represents defeat. Alternate Translation: "they will defeat their enemies who ride warhorses"
Zec 10:6
the house of Judah
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Judah, which included the descendants of Judah and Benjamin. Alternate Translation: "Judah" or "the kingdom of Judah" or "the people of Judah"
Zec 10:6
the house of Joseph
The word "house" is a metonym for the family that lives in the house. In this case it refers to the kingdom of Israel. Alternate Translation: "Israel" or "the kingdom of Israel" or "the people of Israel"
Zec 10:11
The majesty of Assyria will be brought down
Here "the majesty of Assyria" probably refers to the Assyrian army. Alternate Translation: "I will destroy Assyria's proud army"
Zec 10:11
the scepter of Egypt will go away from the Egyptians
Here "the scepter of Egypt" refers to the political power of Egypt. Alternate Translation: "the power of Egypt to rule other nations will end"
Zec 11:3
for their glory has been destroyed
Here "their glory" probably represents the rich pastures that the shepherds led their sheep to. Alternate Translation: "for their rich pastures are ruined"
Zec 11:3
for the pride of the Jordan River has been devastated
Here "the pride" probably represents the forests that grew near the Jordan River. Alternate Translation: "because the trees and shrubbery where they lived by the Jordan River are ruined"
Zec 11:6
turn over every person into the hand of his neighbor and into the hand of his king
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "allow the people to harm each other and the king will oppress them"
Zec 11:6
none of them will I deliver them from their hand
Here "hand" represents power or control. Alternate Translation: "I will not save them from those who are harming them" or "I will not rescue them"
Zec 11:14
between Judah and Israel
Here "Judah" represents the people of the southern kingdom and "Israel" represents the people of the northern kingdom. Alternate Translation: "between the people of Judah and the people of Israel"
Zec 11:17
May the sword
Here "sword" represents enemies who will attack the shepherd. Alternate Translation: "May enemies"
Zec 11:17
his arm
Here "arm" represents the power to fight.
Zec 12:2
into a cup
Here "cup" represents the cup and the contents within the cup. Alternate Translation: "into a cup full of wine" or "into a cup full of an alcoholic drink"
Zec 12:4
the house of Judah
Here "house" represents people. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah"
Zec 12:5
say in their hearts
Here "hearts" represents a person's mind. Alternate Translation: "think to themselves" or "say to themselves"
Zec 12:6
Jerusalem will again live in her own place
Here "Jerusalem" represents the people who live there. Alternate Translation: "The people of Jerusalem will again live in their own city"
Zec 12:7
the tents of Judah
Here "tents" represents homes, and homes represent the people who live in them. Alternate Translation: "the people of Judah"
Zec 12:7
the house of David
Possible meanings are 1) the descendants of David or 2) the ruling class of people.
Zec 12:10
the house of David
Here "house" represents descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of David"
Zec 12:12
The land will mourn
This represents all the people living in the land of Judah. Alternate Translation: "All the people in the land of Judah will mourn"
Zec 12:12
The clan of the house of David ... The clan of the house of Nathan ... The clan of the house of Levi
Here "house" represents descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of David ... The descendants of Nathan ... The descendants of Levi"
Zec 12:13
The clan of the house of David ... The clan of the house of Nathan ... The clan of the house of Levi
Here "house" represents descendants. Alternate Translation: "The descendants of David ... The descendants of Nathan ... The descendants of Levi"
Zec 13:1
the house of David
Here "house" represents descendants. Alternate Translation: "the descendants of David"
Zec 13:3
you speak lies in the name of Yahweh
Speaking in the name of someone means speaking with his power and authority, or as his representative. Alternate Translation: "you claim to speak for Yahweh but you speak lies"
Zec 13:9
They will call on my name
Here "name" represents Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "They will call out to me"
Zec 14:9
there will be Yahweh, the one God, and his name alone
Here "name" represents Yahweh's reputation or character. Alternate Translation: "people will know that Yahweh is the only true God" or "people will only worship Yahweh, the one true God"
Zec 14:11
Jerusalem will live in safety
Here "Jerusalem" represents the people. Alternate Translation: "The people will live safely in Jerusalem"
Zec 14:14
Judah will also fight against Jerusalem
Here "Judah" and "Jerusalem" represent the people that live there. Alternate Translation: "Even the other people in Judah will fight against the people of Jerusalem"
Mal 1:4
If Edom says
Here "Edom" stands for the people of Edom. Alternate Translation: "If the people of Edom say"
Mal 1:4
I will throw down
Here "throw down" stands for "destroy." Alternate Translation: "I will destroy"
Mal 1:6
despise my name
Here "my name" stands for Yahweh himself. Alternate Translation: "treat me as though you hate me"
Mal 1:10
so that you might not light fires on my altar in vain
Here "light fires on my altar" stands for offering sacrifices on Yahweh's altar. Alternate Translation: "so that you might not make fires to burn offerings that I will not accept"
Mal 1:11
my name will be great among the nations
Here "my name" stands for Yahweh's reputation and honor. Alternate Translation: "I will be honored in other nations"
Mal 1:11
in my name
Here "name" stands for Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "to me"
Mal 1:14
my name will be honored
Here "my name" stands for Yahweh. Alternate Translation: "I will be honored"
Mal 2:2
my name
Here this expression refers to God.
Mal 2:3
the dung from your festivals
Here "festivals" stands for the animals that the priests offered in sacrifice at the Israelite festivals. "The dung" probably refers both to the dung that was produced by the animals just before they were slaughtered for sacrifice, and to the dung that was found inside the animals when their bodies were cut apart before being sacrificed. Temple workers had to transport this dung to a place outside of the temple, and probably outside of Jerusalem.
Mal 2:4
Levi
Here Levi represents his descendants, the tribe of Levi. Alternate Translation: "so that my covenant may be with you, the descendants of Levi"
Mal 2:5
General Information:
Yahweh speaks of the tribe of Levi as though they are Levi.
Mal 2:5
in awe of my name
Here "my name" stands for God himself.
Mal 2:6
nothing false was found
Here finding something stands for that thing existing. Alternate Translation: "there was no falsehood"
Mal 2:6
on his lips
Here "lips" stands for a person's ability to speak.
Mal 2:7
from his mouth
Here "mouth" stands for what a person says.
Mal 2:11
Judah has been faithless
Here "Judah" stands for the people in the region of Judah, and the fact that they have been faithless to Yahweh is spoken of as if they were one man named "Judah." Alternate Translation: "The people of Judah have been faithless"
Mal 2:11
For Judah has profaned the holy place of Yahweh
Here "Judah" refers again to the people of Israel. Alternate Translation: "For the people of Judah have profaned the holy place of Yahweh"
Mal 2:11
has married the daughter of a foreign god
The people of Judah are again referred to as if they were one man named "Judah." Alternate Translation: "have married women from other nations, women who worship idols"
Mal 2:12
Jacob
Here "Jacob" stands for all the Israelites, because Jacob was one of the patriarchs from whom the Israelites were descended.
Mal 2:13
does not turn toward the offering
Here turning toward a gift stands for receiving it and showing favor to the giver.
Mal 3:4
the offering of Judah and Jerusalem
Here "Judah" and "Jerusalem" stand for the people in those places. Alternate Translation: "the offerings brought by the people of Judah and Jerusalem"
Mal 3:12
All the nations
This expression stands for the people in all the nations. Alternate Translation: "The people in all the nations"
Mal 3:16
honored his name
Here "his name" stands for God himself.
Mal 4:1
The day that is coming will burn them up
Here "the day" stands for the events that will occur on that day. Alternate Translation: "On that day I will burn them up"
Mal 4:2
you who fear my name
Here "my name" stands for Yahweh himself.
Mal 4:4
all Israel
Here "all Israel" is a reference to all the people in the nation of Israel.